US2424496A - Tunable magnetron of the resonator type - Google Patents

Tunable magnetron of the resonator type Download PDF

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Publication number
US2424496A
US2424496A US566288A US56628844A US2424496A US 2424496 A US2424496 A US 2424496A US 566288 A US566288 A US 566288A US 56628844 A US56628844 A US 56628844A US 2424496 A US2424496 A US 2424496A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cavities
tuning
anode
anode structure
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US566288A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard B Nelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR955107D priority Critical patent/FR955107A/fr
Priority to BE480796D priority patent/BE480796A/xx
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US566288A priority patent/US2424496A/en
Priority to GB32492/45A priority patent/GB644852A/en
Priority to GB3073/47A priority patent/GB631339A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2424496A publication Critical patent/US2424496A/en
Priority to FR57878D priority patent/FR57878E/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/18—Resonators
    • H01J23/20—Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof
    • H01J23/213—Simultaneous tuning of more than one resonator, e.g. resonant cavities of a magnetron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/58—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix
    • H01J25/587—Multi-cavity magnetrons

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electric discharge devices and more particularly to improved tuning arrangements for high frequency electric discharge devices of the magnetron type.
  • means are provided for simultaneously varying the inductance and capacitance of the resonant anode structure so that the ratio of L/C remains constant with adjustments in operating frequency.
  • This is particularly desirable in discharge devices of the magnetron type, as it tends to keep the coupling to the output circuit constant as the oscillator is tuned.
  • This arrangement also tends to produce a morelinear variation in frequency with movement of the tuning structure, and gives. a greater tuning range than is conveniently obtainable by varying inductance or capacitance alone.
  • .It is a still further object of my invention to provide a tuning arrangement for electric discharge devices of the magnetron type in which the variation in frequency is substantially linear with respect to displacement of the tuning struc- 'ture.
  • a resonant anode structure is provided with a plurality of circular openings which communicate with a central opening by means of gaps or slots.
  • the anode sections interposed between the successive hole and slot combinations are conductively connected by straps so that alternate anode sections are maintained at one potential.
  • a tuning ring mounted for movement toward and away from these conducting straps provides means for varying the effective capacity of the slots.
  • a second conducting ring of larger diameter and in alinement with one endof the openings through the anode is moved toward and away from the anode structure to restrict "the flux through these openings and thereby to vary the effective inductance of the various openings of the anode structure.
  • a tuning member having the general shape ofan'internally threaded gear is'rotated with respect to the anode structure to cover more or less of the openings through the anode structure and in this way to control the inductance and the operating frequency of the device.
  • Fig. l is an elevational View in sectionof a magnetron embodying my invention
  • Fig. '21s a sectional view, looking downwardly, on the line 2-'2 of Fig. l
  • Fig.3 is a sectional view, looking upwardly, along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 is an elevational view in sectionof the modification of the tuning arrangement shown in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view, looking downwardly, along the line 5-'5 of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing I hav'e shown my invention embodied in a tuning arshown located communicates with the central opening by a slot or gap 5.
  • eight openings 3 and associated slots are provided, dividing the anode structure into eight similarly shaped anode sections 6. All the alternate anode sections are connected together on both faces of the anode structure by conducting straps 1 and 8.
  • the straps are located in the region of the slots or gaps 5.
  • the anode sections are recessed in the region crossed by the straps. These recesses are clearly visible in Fig. 1 and are indicated by the numeral 9.
  • Each strap is electrically connected to alternate anode sections, and insulated from the others by an increased depth of the recess 9.
  • a source of electrons within the opening 4 of the anode structure is provided by a suitable cathode structure which, as illustrated in Fig. 1. may be in the form of a cylindrical cathode sleeve in having end shields II for minimizing the escape of electrons from the interelectrode space.
  • the cathode is supported from the cover of the envelope l by means of an elongated metal sleeve l2 which is secured to one end of the cathode and to a larger metal sleeve l3 which is supported from the cover of the envelope by an upstanding metal sleeve I 4 and a cylindrical insulating sleeve I5.
  • the sleeve l2 may provide an externally accessible connection for a source of cathode voltage and has one terminal for a source of voltage for energizing a heater (not shown) within the cathode sleeve ID.
  • the other connection for the heater is provided by a conductor l6 centrally supported within the supporting sleeve l2 and maintained in spaced relation thereto by insulators l1, only one of which is visible in the drawing.
  • the sleeve [2 is joined to sleeve l3 by means of a cap IS.
  • the end of the sleeve I2 is also sealed about conductor l6 by a, glass bead l9.
  • a tuning structure including an annular conducting plate 20, having inside and outside diameters chosen so that it will cover the symmetrically located openings 3 of the anode struotureyis arranged on one side of the anode structure and a smaller annular conducting member 2! is located on the opposite side of the anode structure and arranged to move toward and away from the conducting straps 1 and 8.
  • may be moved in unison from the exterior of the envelope I, I provide rigid supporting members 22 which join the tuning rings 20 and 2
  • the bellows 23 are open at the lower end and each is secured in a vacuum-tight relation to the envelope by a flange 24 which is welded to the end of the envelope.
  • Threaded sleeves 25 surrounding the bellows and secured to the envelope receive threaded caps 26 which engage the upper ends of the bellows 23 and provide for the adjustment in position of the supporting rods 22 and as a result the position of the tuning rings 20 and 2 I.
  • magnetron devices of the character described above depends upon the existance of mutually perpendicular magnetic and electric fields in the interelectrode space.
  • Therequlred magnetic field in a direction parallel to the axis of the cathode may be provided by a suitable electro-magnet (not on the exterior of the envelope and having pole pieces 21 and 28.
  • High frequency energy may be coupled into or out of the resonant anode structure in any suitable manner.
  • a coupling loop 29 is located in one of the openings 3 and has one end secured to the wall of the opening. The other end extends from the envelope 1 as the central conductor 39 of a concentric type transmission line.
  • is sealed to the wall of the envelope I. It will be readily understood that an insulating vacuum seal, not shown, may extend across the transmission line.
  • the illustrated embodiment of my invention described above may operate as an oscillator to deliver high frequency oscillations to the output transmission line including conductors 3i) and 3!.
  • electrons emitted by cathode I0 move in the interelectrode space between cathode l0 and the faces Of anode sections 6 to excite the resonant cavities comprising openings 3 and gaps 5.
  • Resonant structures of this type including a. pluraltiy of coupled resonant circuits have a tendency to operate at any one of a number of modes or frequencies.
  • Oscillation in the desired mode is enhanced by strapping or conductively connecting alternate anode sections so that alternate anode sections are at the same high frequency potential and adjacent anode sections are displaced electrical degrees at the frequency generated.
  • in a predetermined position, the pole and slot combinations have a definite capacity and inductance and tend to oscillate at a desired frequency.
  • the thumb caps 26 are adjusted to move disk 20 toward the anode structure and disk 2
  • the conducting ring 20 prevents the passage therethrough of the high frequency electromagnetic flux which normally passes through the openings 3 and thus effectively reduces the inductive component of the resonant circuit, while the plate 2! varies the capacitive component. Simultaneous variation of inductance and capacity in addition to maintaining their ratio constant gives a more linear variation in operating frequency with movement of the tuning element. For this reason, the structure of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 is particularly efiective.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are shown a modification of my invention in which tuning is accomplished by varying the effective magnitude of the inductive component of the anode circuits.
  • the embodiment of Figs. 4 and 5 is similar in most respects to the embodiment of Fig. 1 and the same reference numerals have been employed to designate corresponding parts.
  • the conducting straps 1 and -8 have been omitted. It will be understood, however, that these straps may be employed if desired.
  • the anode structure 2 is provided with a transverse slot 32 which receives a circular tuning member 33 in the form of an annular disk having inwardly projecting tooth-like portions 34 which are arranged to be moved over variable portions of the openings 3 by rotation of the disk 33. As a means of moving the disk to elfect the adjustment in position of the disk 33,
  • an operating arm 35 joined to the ring 33 extends through a slot 36 in the side wall of the envelope I.
  • the arm 35 has a right angular form'and'has the outer end thereof connected with one end of a flexible bellows 31 supportedfrom-the wall of the envelope I by an elbow 38:
  • the bellows 31' is sealed at its open end to oneend' of-elbow- 38 and theother end of the elbow is welded-to the envelope
  • an adjusting screw 39 whichthreadedly'engages a bracket 40 supported from elbow 38.
  • the screw 39 carries a pair of shoulders 4
  • VVht I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
  • a high frequency electric discharge device comprising a sourc of electrons, an anode structure adjacent said electron source and including a plurality of circumferentially disposed anode segments defining inter-segmental spaces between them, each of said spaces consisting of a predominantly inductive and a predominantly capacitive region and being resonant at a frequency determined by the inductance and capacitance of said regions, moveable tuning means mounted adjacent to said anode structure and having a conductive surface in proximity to the inductive regions of said inter-segmental spaces and a further conductive surface in proximity to the capacitive regions of said spaces, and means connected to said tuning means for simultaneously moving one of said conductive surfaces away from said anode structure and the other of said conductive surfaces toward said anode structure whereby the inductance and capacitance of said regions may be simultaneously increased or simultaneously decreased.
  • a high frequency electric discharge device comprising an electron source, an anode structure having a central opening containing said source and further having a plurality of cavities located about nd communicating with said central opening, the bounding surface of each of said cavities defining a predominantly capacitive region and a predominantly inductive region, a pair of concurrently movable conductive members respectively disposed on opposite sides of said anode structure, one of said members extending in close proximity to-the saidcapaciti-ve-regions ofsaid cavities and the other of said'members extending inclose proximity to the inductive regions of said cavities; and means connecte'dto said members for concurrentlymoving one of said members toward said anodestructure and the other of said members away from said structure whereby the inductance and capacitance of said cavities may be simultaneously increased or simultaneously decreased.
  • a high frequency electrical discharge device including a source of electrons, an annular anode structure having a central opening containing said electron source and a plurality cf radially extending anode sections dividing said structureinto a plurality of circumferentially spaced openended cavities communicating with said central opening, the opposed walls of each of said cavities being closer spaced in the region nearer said central opening than the walls of said cavities remote from said central opening, the capacitive component of reactance of said cavities thereby being determined largely by the configuration of the cavities in the region of said central opening and the inductive component of reactance of said cavities being determined largely by the configuration of the cavities in the region remote from said central opening, a pair of generally annular tuning members generally coaxial with said anode structure one located adjacent each end face thereof, one of said members having an outer diameter substantially less than the outer extremities of said cavities whereby it lies in proximity to the capacitance-determining region of said cavities and the other member being of relatively larger diameter whereby it lies in proximity to the inductance-determining region of said cavities
  • a high frequency electric discharge device including an electron source, an annular anode structure having a central opening in communication with said electron source and a plurality of radially extending anode sections dividing said structure into a plurality of circumferentially spaced open-ended cavities, the opposed wall portions of said cavities in the region nearer said central opening being closer spaced than the wall portions of said cavities remote from said central opening, the capacitive component of reactance of said cavities thereby being determined largely by the configuration of the cavities in the region of said central opening and the inductive component of reactance of said cavities thereby being determined largely by the configuration of the cavities in the region remote from said central opening, a pair of tuning members in proximity to said anode structure, means supporting one of said members adjacent the portion of said cavities remote from said central opening, said one of said members thereby being in a position to control the electromagnetic flux through the said portion of said cavities, means supporting the other of said members adjacent the portion of said cavities in the region of said central opening, said other member thereby being in a position to control the capacity between said

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US566288A 1944-12-02 1944-12-02 Tunable magnetron of the resonator type Expired - Lifetime US2424496A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR955107D FR955107A (lt) 1944-12-02
BE480796D BE480796A (lt) 1944-12-02
US566288A US2424496A (en) 1944-12-02 1944-12-02 Tunable magnetron of the resonator type
GB32492/45A GB644852A (en) 1944-12-02 1945-11-30 Improvements in and relating to electric discharge devices
GB3073/47A GB631339A (en) 1944-12-02 1947-01-31 Improvements in magnetrons
FR57878D FR57878E (fr) 1944-12-02 1947-12-18 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge, en particulier aux magnétrons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US566288A US2424496A (en) 1944-12-02 1944-12-02 Tunable magnetron of the resonator type

Publications (1)

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US2424496A true US2424496A (en) 1947-07-22

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US (1) US2424496A (lt)
BE (1) BE480796A (lt)
FR (2) FR57878E (lt)
GB (2) GB644852A (lt)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477317A (en) * 1945-03-21 1949-07-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2478534A (en) * 1944-12-13 1949-08-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2481171A (en) * 1945-08-20 1949-09-06 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2482541A (en) * 1945-05-12 1949-09-20 Gen Electric High-frequency electrical apparatus
US2498763A (en) * 1944-06-15 1950-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2501196A (en) * 1945-03-20 1950-03-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2506955A (en) * 1945-05-14 1950-05-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable high-frequency circuits
US2509265A (en) * 1947-08-13 1950-05-30 Rca Corp Tunable cavity resonator magnetron
US2527699A (en) * 1944-10-10 1950-10-31 Dwain B Bowen Tunable oscillator
US2529950A (en) * 1946-05-10 1950-11-14 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable electron discharge device
US2554272A (en) * 1945-10-31 1951-05-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Split anode magnetron with tuning ring
US2559604A (en) * 1944-03-29 1951-07-10 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2606307A (en) * 1946-01-29 1952-08-05 Marshall C Pease Tunable magnetron
US2621311A (en) * 1947-12-26 1952-12-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Mechanical movement
US2623198A (en) * 1946-05-13 1952-12-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable magnetron
US2623194A (en) * 1947-04-03 1952-12-23 Sperry Corp Tuner for high-frequency tubes
US2624862A (en) * 1945-05-09 1953-01-06 Everhart Edgar Tunable strapped magnetron
US2624865A (en) * 1946-03-01 1953-01-06 Nathan P Nichols Plug-in magnetron and mount therefor
US2644106A (en) * 1946-04-30 1953-06-30 Us Sec War Tuning and strapping mechanism for magnetrons
US2644139A (en) * 1947-12-27 1953-06-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Multifrequency tau-r box
US2666165A (en) * 1946-01-03 1954-01-12 Hutchinson Franklin Tunable magnetron oscillator
US2719240A (en) * 1946-03-14 1955-09-27 Laurence R Walker Cathode structure
US2720628A (en) * 1950-09-05 1955-10-11 Beverly D Kumpfer Tunable cavity resonator
US2876383A (en) * 1950-12-28 1959-03-03 Litton Industries Inc Magnetron tuner
US2934675A (en) * 1955-11-10 1960-04-26 Carlton G Lehr Magnetron tuning
US5182493A (en) * 1990-02-06 1993-01-26 Eev Limited Rising sun magnetron with planar tuning member protruding into only one set of cavities

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2212634B1 (lt) * 1972-12-29 1976-10-29 Thomson Csf

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115521A (en) * 1936-04-30 1938-04-26 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2167201A (en) * 1935-06-28 1939-07-25 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2252118A (en) * 1936-06-18 1941-08-12 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2270777A (en) * 1939-04-06 1942-01-20 Telefunken Gmbh Ultra short wave electron discharge device system
US2408235A (en) * 1941-12-31 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co High efficiency magnetron
US2408234A (en) * 1941-11-26 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2408238A (en) * 1943-06-07 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Space discharge device
US2408237A (en) * 1942-03-06 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2167201A (en) * 1935-06-28 1939-07-25 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2115521A (en) * 1936-04-30 1938-04-26 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2252118A (en) * 1936-06-18 1941-08-12 Pintsch Julius Kg Electron tube
US2270777A (en) * 1939-04-06 1942-01-20 Telefunken Gmbh Ultra short wave electron discharge device system
US2408234A (en) * 1941-11-26 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2408235A (en) * 1941-12-31 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co High efficiency magnetron
US2408237A (en) * 1942-03-06 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2408238A (en) * 1943-06-07 1946-09-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Space discharge device

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2559604A (en) * 1944-03-29 1951-07-10 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2498763A (en) * 1944-06-15 1950-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2527699A (en) * 1944-10-10 1950-10-31 Dwain B Bowen Tunable oscillator
US2478534A (en) * 1944-12-13 1949-08-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2501196A (en) * 1945-03-20 1950-03-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2477317A (en) * 1945-03-21 1949-07-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2624862A (en) * 1945-05-09 1953-01-06 Everhart Edgar Tunable strapped magnetron
US2482541A (en) * 1945-05-12 1949-09-20 Gen Electric High-frequency electrical apparatus
US2506955A (en) * 1945-05-14 1950-05-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable high-frequency circuits
US2481171A (en) * 1945-08-20 1949-09-06 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2554272A (en) * 1945-10-31 1951-05-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Split anode magnetron with tuning ring
US2666165A (en) * 1946-01-03 1954-01-12 Hutchinson Franklin Tunable magnetron oscillator
US2606307A (en) * 1946-01-29 1952-08-05 Marshall C Pease Tunable magnetron
US2624865A (en) * 1946-03-01 1953-01-06 Nathan P Nichols Plug-in magnetron and mount therefor
US2719240A (en) * 1946-03-14 1955-09-27 Laurence R Walker Cathode structure
US2644106A (en) * 1946-04-30 1953-06-30 Us Sec War Tuning and strapping mechanism for magnetrons
US2529950A (en) * 1946-05-10 1950-11-14 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable electron discharge device
US2623198A (en) * 1946-05-13 1952-12-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable magnetron
US2623194A (en) * 1947-04-03 1952-12-23 Sperry Corp Tuner for high-frequency tubes
US2509265A (en) * 1947-08-13 1950-05-30 Rca Corp Tunable cavity resonator magnetron
US2621311A (en) * 1947-12-26 1952-12-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Mechanical movement
US2644139A (en) * 1947-12-27 1953-06-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Multifrequency tau-r box
US2720628A (en) * 1950-09-05 1955-10-11 Beverly D Kumpfer Tunable cavity resonator
US2876383A (en) * 1950-12-28 1959-03-03 Litton Industries Inc Magnetron tuner
US2934675A (en) * 1955-11-10 1960-04-26 Carlton G Lehr Magnetron tuning
US5182493A (en) * 1990-02-06 1993-01-26 Eev Limited Rising sun magnetron with planar tuning member protruding into only one set of cavities

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB644852A (en) 1950-10-18
GB631339A (en) 1949-11-01
FR955107A (lt) 1950-01-10
FR57878E (fr) 1953-09-18
BE480796A (lt)

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