US2417722A - Purification of liquids by subjecting successively confined portions of said liquid to supersonic vibrations and simultaneously bubbling oxygen through said confined portions - Google Patents

Purification of liquids by subjecting successively confined portions of said liquid to supersonic vibrations and simultaneously bubbling oxygen through said confined portions Download PDF

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US2417722A
US2417722A US452988A US45298842A US2417722A US 2417722 A US2417722 A US 2417722A US 452988 A US452988 A US 452988A US 45298842 A US45298842 A US 45298842A US 2417722 A US2417722 A US 2417722A
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liquid
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confined portions
purification
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Wolff Irving
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RCA Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
    • C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
    • C12H1/12—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation
    • C12H1/16—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation by physical means, e.g. irradiation

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  • This invention relates to the treatment of liquids, and more particularly to an improved methv d of and apparatus for purification of liquids.
  • the primary object of my present invention is to provide an improved method of and apparatus for treating liquids to effect purification or sterilization thereof by destroying the bacteria therein.
  • the liquids to be purified are caused to flow through suitable apparatus and successively confined portions of the flowing liquid are subjected to sonic vibrations at a pressure of at least 100 bars, and preferably from about 100 to about 200 bars.
  • a normally inactive, oxygen containing fluid or gas is passed through the conflned vibrating portions of the liquid. This treatment activates the gas to produce a reaction gle figure is a view partly in section and partly in elevation illustrating one form of apparatus which may be employed in carrying out the present invention.
  • a container in the form of a somewhat U shaped tank I having an inlet 3 through which the liquid 5, such as water, milk, or the like,
  • a pump (not shown) may be employed for forcing the liquid 5 through the tank I, or a head may be provided between the inlet 3 and the outlet 1 suflicient to cause the flow of liquid through the tank.
  • a generator 9 which lncludes a suitable driving unit (for example, a magnetostrictive driver) adapted to drive a diaphragm l I at suitable frequencies to set up sonic vibrations in the liquid l.
  • a suitable driving unit for example, a magnetostrictive driver
  • the portion la of the tank 1 adjacent the diaphragm H may be suitably formed of smaller cross-section than the remainder of the tank in order to make sure that the portion of the water or other liquid 5 confined by the tank I in the vicinity of the diaphragm will be subjected to the sonic vibrations.
  • a suitable gas I4 such as oxygen, air, carbon dioxide, or any other normally inactive gas which contains oxygen, either in the free form or in the combined form. If the gas contains oxygen in the free form, as in the case of pure oxygen or air, the sonic vibrations will transform the oxygen into ozone. If the gas contains oxygen in the combined form, as in carbon dioxide, it should be one,
  • a plurality of tubes or conduits l5 connect the gas source I3 to fluid tight couplings I! on the tank I, and a plurality of downwardly extending tubes H] which terminate adjacent the bottom of the tank I are also connected to the couplings IT.
  • the gas supplied by the source'l3 may be forced, under pressure, through the conduits l5 and I9 and into the bottom of the tank, the gas It thereafter bubbling up through the vibrating portion of the liquid 5.
  • the conduits or tubes l9 should preferably terminate in the neighborhood of the generator or sonic vibration source 9, so as to insure passage of the gas through the successive, vibrating portions of the confined liquid.
  • the above described treatment of the liquid will effect far better purification thereof than can be realized by merely subjecting the liquid to the supersonic vibrations alone.
  • the vibrations are preferably delivered to the liquid from the diaphragm I I at pressures of between and 200 bars, but other pressures may be employed depending upon the nature of the liquid.
  • the frequencies of the sonic vibrations may be either within the audible range or within the superaudible range, as may be found most suitable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Description

March-18, 1947.
l. WOLFF PURIFICATION OF LIQUIDS BY SUBJBCTING SUCCESSIVELY CONFI NED PORTIONS OF SAID LIQUID TO SUPERSONIC VIBRATIONS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY BUBBLING OXYGEN THROUGH SAID CONFINED PORTIONS Filed July 51, 194-2 Patented Mar. 18, 1947 PURIFICATION OF LIQUIDS BY SUBJECTING SUCCESSIVELY CONFINED PORTIONS OF SAID LIQUID TO SUPERSONIC VIBRA- TIONS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY BUBBLING OXYGEN THROUGH SAID CONFINED POR- TIONS Irving Wolff, Haddonfield, N. J., assignor to Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application July 31, 1942, Serial No. 452,988
2 Claims. 1
This invention relates to the treatment of liquids, and more particularly to an improved methv d of and apparatus for purification of liquids.
It has been proposed heretofore to treat liquids such as water, milk, beer, and the like by subjecting the same to sonic vibrations for the purpose of killing bacteria therein. In some cases, it has also been proposed to apply static pressure to the liquid as it flows over a source of sonic vibrations. So far as I am aware, the methods heretofore proposed have not been altogether successful. y u The primary object of my present invention is to provide an improved method of and apparatus for treating liquids to effect purification or sterilization thereof by destroying the bacteria therein.
More particularly, it is an object of my present invention to provide an improved, simple, and highly effective method of purifying liquids by means of supersonics.
It is also an object of my present invention to provide an improved method of activating a gas which is normally inactive so as to produce a useful chemical or bacteriological reaction.
In accordance with my present invention, the liquids to be purified are caused to flow through suitable apparatus and successively confined portions of the flowing liquid are subjected to sonic vibrations at a pressure of at least 100 bars, and preferably from about 100 to about 200 bars. Simultaneously, a normally inactive, oxygen containing fluid or gas is passed through the conflned vibrating portions of the liquid. This treatment activates the gas to produce a reaction gle figure is a view partly in section and partly in elevation illustrating one form of apparatus which may be employed in carrying out the present invention.
Referring more particularly to the drawing, there is shown a container in the form of a somewhat U shaped tank I having an inlet 3 through which the liquid 5, such as water, milk, or the like,
to be purified is admitted into the tank. After treatment, the liquid 5 leaves the tank I through 2 an outlet 1. A pump (not shown) may be employed for forcing the liquid 5 through the tank I, or a head may be provided between the inlet 3 and the outlet 1 suflicient to cause the flow of liquid through the tank.
Within the tank I is a generator 9 which lncludes a suitable driving unit (for example, a magnetostrictive driver) adapted to drive a diaphragm l I at suitable frequencies to set up sonic vibrations in the liquid l. The portion la of the tank 1 adjacent the diaphragm H may be suitably formed of smaller cross-section than the remainder of the tank in order to make sure that the portion of the water or other liquid 5 confined by the tank I in the vicinity of the diaphragm will be subjected to the sonic vibrations.
Resting on the tank l is a source [3 for supplying a suitable gas I4, such as oxygen, air, carbon dioxide, or any other normally inactive gas which contains oxygen, either in the free form or in the combined form. If the gas contains oxygen in the free form, as in the case of pure oxygen or air, the sonic vibrations will transform the oxygen into ozone. If the gas contains oxygen in the combined form, as in carbon dioxide, it should be one,
which either can react with the liquid underthe influence of the sonic vibrations or will itself be activated by the sonic vibrations to liberate free oxygen as ozone. A plurality of tubes or conduits l5 connect the gas source I3 to fluid tight couplings I! on the tank I, and a plurality of downwardly extending tubes H] which terminate adjacent the bottom of the tank I are also connected to the couplings IT. The gas supplied by the source'l3 may be forced, under pressure, through the conduits l5 and I9 and into the bottom of the tank, the gas It thereafter bubbling up through the vibrating portion of the liquid 5. The conduits or tubes l9 should preferably terminate in the neighborhood of the generator or sonic vibration source 9, so as to insure passage of the gas through the successive, vibrating portions of the confined liquid.
The above described treatment of the liquid will effect far better purification thereof than can be realized by merely subjecting the liquid to the supersonic vibrations alone. The vibrations are preferably delivered to the liquid from the diaphragm I I at pressures of between and 200 bars, but other pressures may be employed depending upon the nature of the liquid. The frequencies of the sonic vibrations may be either within the audible range or within the superaudible range, as may be found most suitable.
Although I have. described my invention in considerable detail. it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many variations thereof are possible other than the specified one herein described. I therefore desire that my invention shall not be limited except insofar as is made necessary by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.
I claim as my invention:
1. The method of sterilizing a liquid which comprises flowing said liquid in a continuous stream through a conduit, subjecting successively confined portions of said liquid in said conduit to supersonic vibrations, and simultaneously bubbling oxygen through saidconflned portions while said portions are being vibrated.
2. The method of sterilizing a liquid which comprises flowing said liquid in a continuous stream through a conduit, subjecting successively confined portions of said liquid to supersonic vibrations at a pressure of at least 100 bars, and simultaneously bubbling oxygen through said 4 confined portions while said portions are being vibrated.
- IRVING WOLFE.
REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,006,992 Wiener Oct. 24, 1911 2,163,650 Weaver June 27, 1939 13,138,839 Chambers Dec. 6, 1938 2,096,011 Smith Oct. 19, 1937 1,662,180 Bail Mar. 13, 1928 1,983,968 Clark Dec. 11, 1934 850,416 Bridge Apr. 16, 1907 1,900,809 Hammerly Mar. 7, 1933 2,033,121 Chambers Mar. 10, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 231,271 German Feb. 20, 1911
US452988A 1942-07-31 1942-07-31 Purification of liquids by subjecting successively confined portions of said liquid to supersonic vibrations and simultaneously bubbling oxygen through said confined portions Expired - Lifetime US2417722A (en)

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578673A (en) * 1948-04-26 1951-12-18 Walton W Cushman Apparatus for pumping and sterilizing liquids
US2688402A (en) * 1951-03-09 1954-09-07 Clevite Corp Apparatus and method for removing particles from a liquid
US2717874A (en) * 1950-11-16 1955-09-13 Verain Marcel Jules Procedure and apparatus for the sterilization of water
US3264213A (en) * 1964-10-27 1966-08-02 Pav Jarmil Method and apparatus for continuous biological degradation of metabolisable substances
US3367848A (en) * 1965-12-30 1968-02-06 Navy Usa Distillative hydroelectrolysis with alternatively applied pressure
US3549528A (en) * 1964-04-23 1970-12-22 Edward T Armstrong Ozone sterilization process
US3743523A (en) * 1971-08-04 1973-07-03 A Bodine Method for the sonic treating of food material
JPS5098153A (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-08-04
US4003832A (en) * 1974-01-07 1977-01-18 Tii Corporation Method of applying ozone and sonic energy to sterilize and oxidize waste water
US4013552A (en) * 1972-08-18 1977-03-22 Ecquacon Corporation Sewage treatment process
US4045336A (en) * 1974-08-23 1977-08-30 Pauli Henrik Isteri Method and device for oxygenating water with vibrations and under pressure strokes
US4076617A (en) * 1971-04-22 1978-02-28 Tii Corporation Sonic cavitation and ozonation of waste material
US4424188A (en) 1981-12-31 1984-01-03 International Paper Company Sterilization of packaging material
US4597876A (en) * 1983-08-11 1986-07-01 Hallsonic Corporation Regasifying pasteurization system
US4727734A (en) * 1984-05-17 1988-03-01 Masao Kanazawa Ultrasonic washing machine
US5130032A (en) * 1989-10-10 1992-07-14 Sartori Helfred E Method for treating a liquid medium
US5198122A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-03-30 Trinity Environmental Technologies, Inc. Method of detoxification of substances by utilization of ultrasonic energy
US5611993A (en) * 1995-08-25 1997-03-18 Areopag Usa, Inc. Ultrasonic method of treating a continuous flow of fluid
US5997752A (en) * 1996-09-27 1999-12-07 Leu; Sheng-I Water treating apparatus for raising oxygen solubility
US6221258B1 (en) * 1996-06-14 2001-04-24 Case Western Reserve University Method and apparatus for acoustically driven media filtration
US20020195402A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2002-12-26 Minter Bruce E. Method and apparatus for treating fluid mixtures with ultrasonic energy
US6630073B1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-10-07 Eugene A. Moskal Sonic contaminated resource treatment method and apparatus
US20030234173A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-25 Minter Bruce E. Method and apparatus for treating fluid mixtures with ultrasonic energy
US20060261013A1 (en) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 Wm International Limited Apparatus and method for the non-chemical stabilization of bio-solids
US20090246073A1 (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-01 Rong Yan Murphy Apparatus and method for inline solid, semisolid, or liquid antimicrobial treatment

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE231271C (en) *
US850416A (en) * 1907-02-07 1907-04-16 James H Bridge Means for purifying and sterilizing water by ozonized air.
US1006992A (en) * 1910-09-12 1911-10-24 Emil Wiener Process for sterilizing milk and milk products.
US1662180A (en) * 1927-06-09 1928-03-13 John P Ball Apparatus for and method of treating fluids
US1900809A (en) * 1929-02-26 1933-03-07 Carroll B Abbott Sewage purification system
US1983968A (en) * 1934-12-11 Ore concentration
US2033121A (en) * 1934-08-15 1936-03-10 William H Ashton Means and method for churning butter
US2096011A (en) * 1935-02-15 1937-10-19 Submarine Signal Co Method and apparatus for the treatment of liquids
US2138839A (en) * 1934-04-30 1938-12-06 William H Ashton Method of destroying bacteria in liquids
US2163650A (en) * 1935-11-25 1939-06-27 Chester E Weaver Means for producing high frequency compressional waves

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE231271C (en) *
US1983968A (en) * 1934-12-11 Ore concentration
US850416A (en) * 1907-02-07 1907-04-16 James H Bridge Means for purifying and sterilizing water by ozonized air.
US1006992A (en) * 1910-09-12 1911-10-24 Emil Wiener Process for sterilizing milk and milk products.
US1662180A (en) * 1927-06-09 1928-03-13 John P Ball Apparatus for and method of treating fluids
US1900809A (en) * 1929-02-26 1933-03-07 Carroll B Abbott Sewage purification system
US2138839A (en) * 1934-04-30 1938-12-06 William H Ashton Method of destroying bacteria in liquids
US2033121A (en) * 1934-08-15 1936-03-10 William H Ashton Means and method for churning butter
US2096011A (en) * 1935-02-15 1937-10-19 Submarine Signal Co Method and apparatus for the treatment of liquids
US2163650A (en) * 1935-11-25 1939-06-27 Chester E Weaver Means for producing high frequency compressional waves

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2578673A (en) * 1948-04-26 1951-12-18 Walton W Cushman Apparatus for pumping and sterilizing liquids
US2717874A (en) * 1950-11-16 1955-09-13 Verain Marcel Jules Procedure and apparatus for the sterilization of water
US2688402A (en) * 1951-03-09 1954-09-07 Clevite Corp Apparatus and method for removing particles from a liquid
US3549528A (en) * 1964-04-23 1970-12-22 Edward T Armstrong Ozone sterilization process
US3264213A (en) * 1964-10-27 1966-08-02 Pav Jarmil Method and apparatus for continuous biological degradation of metabolisable substances
US3367848A (en) * 1965-12-30 1968-02-06 Navy Usa Distillative hydroelectrolysis with alternatively applied pressure
US4076617A (en) * 1971-04-22 1978-02-28 Tii Corporation Sonic cavitation and ozonation of waste material
US3743523A (en) * 1971-08-04 1973-07-03 A Bodine Method for the sonic treating of food material
US4013552A (en) * 1972-08-18 1977-03-22 Ecquacon Corporation Sewage treatment process
US4003832A (en) * 1974-01-07 1977-01-18 Tii Corporation Method of applying ozone and sonic energy to sterilize and oxidize waste water
JPS5098153A (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-08-04
US4045336A (en) * 1974-08-23 1977-08-30 Pauli Henrik Isteri Method and device for oxygenating water with vibrations and under pressure strokes
US4424188A (en) 1981-12-31 1984-01-03 International Paper Company Sterilization of packaging material
US4597876A (en) * 1983-08-11 1986-07-01 Hallsonic Corporation Regasifying pasteurization system
US4727734A (en) * 1984-05-17 1988-03-01 Masao Kanazawa Ultrasonic washing machine
US5130032A (en) * 1989-10-10 1992-07-14 Sartori Helfred E Method for treating a liquid medium
US5198122A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-03-30 Trinity Environmental Technologies, Inc. Method of detoxification of substances by utilization of ultrasonic energy
US5611993A (en) * 1995-08-25 1997-03-18 Areopag Usa, Inc. Ultrasonic method of treating a continuous flow of fluid
US6221258B1 (en) * 1996-06-14 2001-04-24 Case Western Reserve University Method and apparatus for acoustically driven media filtration
US20020036173A1 (en) * 1996-06-14 2002-03-28 Case Western Reserve University Method and apparatus for acoustically driven media filtration
US6797158B2 (en) 1996-06-14 2004-09-28 Case Western Reserve University Method and apparatus for acoustically driven media filtration
US5997752A (en) * 1996-09-27 1999-12-07 Leu; Sheng-I Water treating apparatus for raising oxygen solubility
US6911153B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2005-06-28 The Halliday Foundation, Inc. Method and apparatus for treating fluid mixtures with ultrasonic energy
US20020195402A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2002-12-26 Minter Bruce E. Method and apparatus for treating fluid mixtures with ultrasonic energy
US6630073B1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-10-07 Eugene A. Moskal Sonic contaminated resource treatment method and apparatus
US20030234173A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-25 Minter Bruce E. Method and apparatus for treating fluid mixtures with ultrasonic energy
US20060261013A1 (en) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 Wm International Limited Apparatus and method for the non-chemical stabilization of bio-solids
EP1893533A1 (en) * 2005-05-17 2008-03-05 ATP International, Ltd Apparatus and method for the non-chemical stabilization of bio-solids
EP1893533A4 (en) * 2005-05-17 2008-09-10 Wm Internat Ltd Apparatus and method for the non-chemical stabilization of bio-solids
US8460549B2 (en) 2005-05-17 2013-06-11 Wm International Limited Apparatus and method for the non-chemical stabilization of bio-solids
US20090246073A1 (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-01 Rong Yan Murphy Apparatus and method for inline solid, semisolid, or liquid antimicrobial treatment

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