US2399083A - Photographic materials - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2399083A
US2399083A US475436A US47543643A US2399083A US 2399083 A US2399083 A US 2399083A US 475436 A US475436 A US 475436A US 47543643 A US47543643 A US 47543643A US 2399083 A US2399083 A US 2399083A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
emulsion
emulsions
silver
speed
digestion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US475436A
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English (en)
Inventor
Waller Cecil
Collins Ronald Bernard
Dodd Edward Cyril
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ilford Imaging UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Ilford Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ilford Ltd filed Critical Ilford Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2399083A publication Critical patent/US2399083A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising

Definitions

  • This invention relates to light sensitive photographic materials and particularly to the pro,- duction of photographic silver halide emulsions of increased light sensitivity.
  • gelatino silver halide development emulsions as normally'practised, it is usual after forming the silver halide emulsion in a gelatinmedium, to ripen it, set it, wash it and then digest it before coating.
  • the washing operation removes the soluble salts formed in the preparation of the silver halide and the digestion operation further increases the speed of the final emulsion.
  • gelatino silver halide emulsions em-' ployed should contain such sulphur compounds either as natural constituents of the gelatin or as positive additions.
  • positive addition of a sulphur compound is often but not always necessary, e. g. an allyl isothiocyanata.
  • thio-urea or an N-substituted thio-urea such as thiosinamine. Improvement in the results can also be effected by including small quantities of an alkali or ammonium thiocyanate with the gold salt.
  • the invention may be applied to emulsions in which the silver halide present is wholly silver example, potassium aurate, potassium chloraurite, potassium bromaurite, potassium iodoaurite, potassium iodoaurate, potassium auricyanide and potassium aurithiocyanate, or the corresponding sodium, calcium, strontium, cadmium or gallium salts.
  • Complex organic gold salts may also be used, e. g. pyridino-trichlorogold, ethylene-diamine-bis-trichloro-gold, di-
  • the quantity of gold salt employed is necessarily very small, much smaller than would make any appreciable difierence to the tone of the image obtained from the emulsions. If too much gold salt is employed the full speed increase is not obtained.
  • the precise quantities of gold salt will, of course, depend on the nature of the gold salt itself and on the nature of the emulsionto which it is added. However, for an emulsion of normal silver halide content, e. g. 2-3%, calculated as-metallic silver, a quansion is important and it has been found that the best results are obtained (especially in the case of panchromatic emulsions) it the pH value of ,the emulsion both during digestion and during coating is maintained below about pH 8.
  • tity varying from 1 cc. to 50 ccs. or up to ccs. of a 1 in 10,000solution of sodium chloroaurate successive batches of emulsion and the increase in speed of theflnal emulsion is greater.
  • Exmra I- (a) One litre of a gelatino-silver iodobromide emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content of 25 gmacalculated as silver, was digested under conditions leading to the maximum speed in the final emulsion but without causing any appreciable fogging of the emulsion. Further gelatin was added and the emulsion was coated on glass and dried. On testing the speed of the emulsion to white light it was found that the emulsion had a relative speed (b) To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a) 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion.
  • a To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a) 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion.
  • the resulting emulsion was found to have a relative speed value to white light of I2.
  • asin (a) above was modified by the addition of 6 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chl010-- aurate before digestion. The speed or the final emulsion to white light was ative valueof 130.
  • the final emulsion wa found to have a relative speed to white light of 150.
  • EXAMPLE IV 4 (a) One litre of a panchromaticallysensitised gelatino-silver iodobromide'emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content equivalent to 28.5 gms. calculated as silver, was
  • EXAMPLE V pared as in (b) above except that 1.71 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of potassium thiocyanate was added (in addition to the 3.2 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloraurate and the 7 cos. of normal hydrochloric acid) immediately before digestion.
  • the relative speed value of the final emulsion obtained was found to be 390.
  • Example VI Five litres of a gelatino silver iodobromidem emulsion having a silver halide (chiefly silver bromide) content equivalent to 142.5 gins. calculated as silver was dividedinto five parts. The first part (a) was digested atpH 8.3 to optimum speed and coated at pH 6.9. The remaining four parts, (0), (c). (d) and (e), were adjusted to pH 6.3, gold salt addition were made before digestion,

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
US475436A 1942-02-13 1943-02-10 Photographic materials Expired - Lifetime US2399083A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1908/42A GB570393A (en) 1942-02-13 1942-02-13 Improvements in or relating to photographic materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2399083A true US2399083A (en) 1946-04-23

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ID=9730143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US475436A Expired - Lifetime US2399083A (en) 1942-02-13 1943-02-10 Photographic materials

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2399083A (fr)
BE (1) BE469014A (fr)
FR (1) FR917547A (fr)
GB (1) GB570393A (fr)

Cited By (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540085A (en) * 1948-05-19 1951-02-06 Du Pont Silver halide emulsions
US2575002A (en) * 1948-07-21 1951-11-13 Eastman Kodak Co Latent image intensification
US2597856A (en) * 1949-09-24 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds
US2598079A (en) * 1948-08-31 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co High-speed photographic silver halide emulsions supersensitized with palladium salts
US2597915A (en) * 1949-09-24 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds
US2624674A (en) * 1946-06-29 1953-01-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic emulsion sensitized with gold compounds and sulfur sensitizers
US2642361A (en) * 1949-07-20 1953-06-16 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized with water-insoluble gold compounds
US2717833A (en) * 1952-05-12 1955-09-13 Sperry Rand Corp Direct positive emulsions
US2739060A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2743183A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2743180A (en) * 1953-07-01 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Pentazaindene stabilizers for photo-graphic emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers
US2743182A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2784090A (en) * 1952-11-08 1957-03-05 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of emulsions sensitized with onium compounds
US2816029A (en) * 1955-03-08 1957-12-10 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising simple cyanine dyes and metal salts
US2819964A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-01-14 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and metal salts
US2839405A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-06-17 Eastman Kodak Co Inorganic salt antifoggants for photographic emulsions
US2843490A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-07-15 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and polyvalent metal salts
US2950972A (en) * 1954-11-24 1960-08-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation
US2956882A (en) * 1955-09-13 1960-10-18 Aeroprojects Inc Photographic emulsion
US3061437A (en) * 1959-10-26 1962-10-30 Eastman Kodak Co Sulfone bis-quaternary salts as sensitizers for photographic emulsions
US3128185A (en) * 1960-01-25 1964-04-07 Eastman Kodak Co Antifoggants for formaldehydehardened photographic layers
US3142567A (en) * 1962-03-09 1964-07-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process
JPS4889722A (fr) * 1972-02-24 1973-11-22
US3976489A (en) * 1972-03-24 1976-08-24 Polaroid Corporation Silver halide photographic products with semiconductor sensitizers
US3977880A (en) * 1973-10-18 1976-08-31 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Direct-positive emulsion containing silver halide grains internally doped with metal ions, surface ripened with gold and sulfur compound and fogged by light exposure
US4009041A (en) * 1974-10-03 1977-02-22 Polaroid Corporation Fogged, direct-positive silver halide emulsion containing a gallium sulfide semiconductor
EP0106306A2 (fr) 1982-10-14 1984-04-25 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériaux photographiques couleur à l'halogénure d'argent
EP0115351A2 (fr) 1983-01-28 1984-08-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériel photosensible aux halogénures d'argent
EP0124795A2 (fr) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Emulsion photographique aux halogénures d'argent
EP0147854A2 (fr) 1983-12-29 1985-07-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériel photosensible aux hologènures d'argent
EP0200206A2 (fr) 1985-04-30 1986-11-05 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0201027A2 (fr) 1985-04-30 1986-11-12 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0202784A2 (fr) 1985-04-23 1986-11-26 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0209118A2 (fr) 1985-07-17 1987-01-21 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent
US4764457A (en) * 1981-08-17 1988-08-16 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
EP0476327A1 (fr) 1990-08-20 1992-03-25 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Produit de pellicule photographique retenant des informations et procédé de production d'épreuve en couleurs
EP0691569A1 (fr) 1994-07-04 1996-01-10 Kodak-Pathe Emulsion photographique à sensibilité améliorée
US5492803A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Hydrazide redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5492804A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5492805A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements
EP0708371A2 (fr) 1994-10-18 1996-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Additifs pour améliorer les capacités des plaques d'impression préparées par diffusion-transfert
EP0708370A2 (fr) 1994-10-18 1996-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Procédé de fabrication de plaques d'impression par diffusion-transfert
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
EP0772079A2 (fr) 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Eastman Kodak Company Emulsions à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière et procédé pour leur préparation
EP0843209A1 (fr) 1996-11-13 1998-05-20 Imation Corp. Procédé de préparation d'une émulsion à l'halogénure d'argent
US5891615A (en) * 1997-04-08 1999-04-06 Imation Corp. Chemical sensitization of photothermographic silver halide emulsions
US5928857A (en) * 1994-11-16 1999-07-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Photothermographic element with improved adherence between layers
US5939249A (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-08-17 Imation Corp. Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains
US7468241B1 (en) 2007-09-21 2008-12-23 Carestream Health, Inc. Processing latitude stabilizers for photothermographic materials
US20090081578A1 (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Carestream Health, Inc. Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps
US20090181332A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 William Donald Ramsden Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials
WO2012035314A1 (fr) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Papier photographique
WO2017123444A1 (fr) 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Carestream Health, Inc. Procédé de préparation de savons de carboxylate d'argent
WO2021213762A1 (fr) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Papier photographique

Cited By (60)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2624674A (en) * 1946-06-29 1953-01-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic emulsion sensitized with gold compounds and sulfur sensitizers
US2540085A (en) * 1948-05-19 1951-02-06 Du Pont Silver halide emulsions
US2575002A (en) * 1948-07-21 1951-11-13 Eastman Kodak Co Latent image intensification
US2598079A (en) * 1948-08-31 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co High-speed photographic silver halide emulsions supersensitized with palladium salts
US2642361A (en) * 1949-07-20 1953-06-16 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized with water-insoluble gold compounds
US2597915A (en) * 1949-09-24 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds
US2597856A (en) * 1949-09-24 1952-05-27 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds
US2717833A (en) * 1952-05-12 1955-09-13 Sperry Rand Corp Direct positive emulsions
US2739060A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2743183A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2743182A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US2784090A (en) * 1952-11-08 1957-03-05 Eastman Kodak Co Stabilization of emulsions sensitized with onium compounds
US2743180A (en) * 1953-07-01 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Pentazaindene stabilizers for photo-graphic emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers
US2950972A (en) * 1954-11-24 1960-08-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation
US2819964A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-01-14 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and metal salts
US2843490A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-07-15 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and polyvalent metal salts
US2816029A (en) * 1955-03-08 1957-12-10 Eastman Kodak Co Supersensitizing combinations comprising simple cyanine dyes and metal salts
US2839405A (en) * 1955-03-08 1958-06-17 Eastman Kodak Co Inorganic salt antifoggants for photographic emulsions
US2956882A (en) * 1955-09-13 1960-10-18 Aeroprojects Inc Photographic emulsion
US3061437A (en) * 1959-10-26 1962-10-30 Eastman Kodak Co Sulfone bis-quaternary salts as sensitizers for photographic emulsions
US3128185A (en) * 1960-01-25 1964-04-07 Eastman Kodak Co Antifoggants for formaldehydehardened photographic layers
US3142567A (en) * 1962-03-09 1964-07-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process
JPS5141055B2 (fr) * 1972-02-24 1976-11-08
JPS4889722A (fr) * 1972-02-24 1973-11-22
US3976489A (en) * 1972-03-24 1976-08-24 Polaroid Corporation Silver halide photographic products with semiconductor sensitizers
US3977880A (en) * 1973-10-18 1976-08-31 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Direct-positive emulsion containing silver halide grains internally doped with metal ions, surface ripened with gold and sulfur compound and fogged by light exposure
US4009041A (en) * 1974-10-03 1977-02-22 Polaroid Corporation Fogged, direct-positive silver halide emulsion containing a gallium sulfide semiconductor
US4764457A (en) * 1981-08-17 1988-08-16 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
EP0106306A2 (fr) 1982-10-14 1984-04-25 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériaux photographiques couleur à l'halogénure d'argent
EP0115351A2 (fr) 1983-01-28 1984-08-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériel photosensible aux halogénures d'argent
EP0124795A2 (fr) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Emulsion photographique aux halogénures d'argent
EP0147854A2 (fr) 1983-12-29 1985-07-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Matériel photosensible aux hologènures d'argent
EP0202784A2 (fr) 1985-04-23 1986-11-26 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0201027A2 (fr) 1985-04-30 1986-11-12 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0200206A2 (fr) 1985-04-30 1986-11-05 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière
EP0209118A2 (fr) 1985-07-17 1987-01-21 Konica Corporation Matériau photographique à l'halogénure d'argent
EP0476327A1 (fr) 1990-08-20 1992-03-25 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Produit de pellicule photographique retenant des informations et procédé de production d'épreuve en couleurs
US5705676A (en) * 1994-06-30 1998-01-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5492804A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5492805A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements
US5696289A (en) * 1994-06-30 1997-12-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements
EP0691569A1 (fr) 1994-07-04 1996-01-10 Kodak-Pathe Emulsion photographique à sensibilité améliorée
EP0708371A2 (fr) 1994-10-18 1996-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Additifs pour améliorer les capacités des plaques d'impression préparées par diffusion-transfert
EP0708370A2 (fr) 1994-10-18 1996-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Procédé de fabrication de plaques d'impression par diffusion-transfert
US5928857A (en) * 1994-11-16 1999-07-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Photothermographic element with improved adherence between layers
US5492803A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Hydrazide redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
EP0772079A2 (fr) 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Eastman Kodak Company Emulsions à l'halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière et procédé pour leur préparation
EP0843209A1 (fr) 1996-11-13 1998-05-20 Imation Corp. Procédé de préparation d'une émulsion à l'halogénure d'argent
US5891615A (en) * 1997-04-08 1999-04-06 Imation Corp. Chemical sensitization of photothermographic silver halide emulsions
US5939249A (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-08-17 Imation Corp. Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains
US6060231A (en) * 1997-06-24 2000-05-09 Eastman Kodak Company Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains
US7468241B1 (en) 2007-09-21 2008-12-23 Carestream Health, Inc. Processing latitude stabilizers for photothermographic materials
US20090081578A1 (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Carestream Health, Inc. Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps
US7524621B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2009-04-28 Carestream Health, Inc. Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps
US20090181332A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 William Donald Ramsden Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials
US7622247B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2009-11-24 Carestream Health, Inc. Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials
WO2012035314A1 (fr) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Papier photographique
WO2017123444A1 (fr) 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Carestream Health, Inc. Procédé de préparation de savons de carboxylate d'argent
WO2021213762A1 (fr) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Papier photographique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE469014A (fr)
GB570393A (en) 1945-07-05
FR917547A (fr) 1947-01-09

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