US2540085A - Silver halide emulsions - Google Patents
Silver halide emulsions Download PDFInfo
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- US2540085A US2540085A US28061A US2806148A US2540085A US 2540085 A US2540085 A US 2540085A US 28061 A US28061 A US 28061A US 2806148 A US2806148 A US 2806148A US 2540085 A US2540085 A US 2540085A
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- emulsion
- silver halide
- gold
- silver
- iron
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- -1 Silver halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 16
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000298 carbocyanine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M pinacyanol iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CC)C1=CC=CC1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=[N+]1CC QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- AGJZCWVTGOVGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CC)\C1=C\C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=[N+]1CC AGJZCWVTGOVGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPFSGDXIBUDDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-decyl-2-hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=C(O)C(=O)CC1 FPFSGDXIBUDDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SJUCACGNNJFHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1N[ClH](=O)NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 Chemical compound O=C1N[ClH](=O)NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 SJUCACGNNJFHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSYMNDBTCKIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(carbamoyloxymethyl)-2-ethylbutyl] carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(CC)(CC)COC(N)=O VSYMNDBTCKIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMJDEXCUIQJLGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(methylamino)phenyl] hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 QMJDEXCUIQJLGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016720 allyl isothiocyanate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising
Definitions
- This invention pertains to colloid silver halide emulsions of enhanced speed and contrast. More particularly it pertains tocolloid silver halide emulsions which contain very small amounts of gold and iron salts and to their preparation.
- An object of this invention is to provide new sensitized colloid silver halide emulsions. Another object is to provide such emulsions which have good speed and contrast. A further object is to provide such emulsions from readily available inorganic compounds.
- colloid silver halide emulsions which have good speed. and contrast and low fog levels can be made by adding small amountsof water-soluble iron salts, particularly ferric salts such as ferric nitrate, to colloid silver halide emulsions which contain very small amounts of gold or gold and mercury.
- the emulsions are further sensitized by the addition of a sulfur sensitizer, e. g., sodium thiosulfate, allyl isothiocyanate, thiourea, or an N-substituted thiourea.
- a sulfur sensitizer e. g., sodium thiosulfate, allyl isothiocyanate, thiourea, or an N-substituted thiourea.
- gelatin which contains an adequate amount of naturally occurring sulfur compounds, it is not necessary to add a sulfur sensitizer.
- the amount of sulfur sensitizer will vary depending on the chemical constitution of theparticular compound used. In the case of sodium thiosulfate. the amounts may ran e from 1.73 to 9.2 mg. per 765 g. of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion which corresponds to 486 g. of silver based on the element in the final emulsion. Equivalent amounts of other sulfur sensitizers can be used.
- the amount of gold and mercury which may be present will vary depending upon the particular salt used.
- chloraurie acid AuC13-HC1-4H20
- mercuric chloride is used in an amount of 1.32 to 1.97 mg. per 765 g. of .silver nitrate, or based on the silver present in the emulsion, the mol per cents of the two components are re pectively .0000723 to .000288 for gold and .000108 to .000162 for mercury.
- the amount of iron salts which can be added is not critical. Once the optimum sensitization level is obtained with the gold and'iron or gold, mercury and iron salts, the addition of relatively large quantities of iron salts does not result in a decrease in sensitivity. From 3.0 to 200.0 rugs. and, preferably 3.93 to 3 .44 mgs. of hydrated ferric nitrate, is used per '765 g. of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion. Based on the amount of silver in the emulsion, the amounts are .0002165 to .0110 mol per cent of iron. In the case of other salts. the amounts are, of course, used in chemically equivalent amounts. Suitable additional salts are ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
- the gold and iron or mixture of gold, iron and mercury are preferably added to the colloid silver halide emulsions after the silver salts have been formed.
- the washed emulsion - is liquefied and the sulfur sensitizer added if necessary.
- An aqueous solution of chloraurie acid or of chlorauric acid and mercuric chloride, for example are added in an amount suflicient to introduce the above-prescribed quantities of such com-
- An aqueous solution of the watersoluble iron salt, e. g., ferric nitrate, is added.
- the emulsion is then digested for a suitable time to obtain the maximum sensitivity and coated onto a suitable upport to form a thin light-sensitive layer.
- An optical sensitizing dye e. g., a cyanine, carbocyanine, merocyanine, pseudocy-- anine, or styryl dye, can be added to the emulsion prior to or subsequent to digestion, if desired.
- Example I A silver halide dispersion in inert gelatin con-Q taining 5.0% silver iodide and 95.0% silver bromide and a carbocyanine sensitizing dye was di- I vided into samples equivalentto 0.15 mol of silver halide each. Additions as tabulated below were type IB sensitometer, and developed in a developer of the following composition:
- Example II emulsion ,similar'to, that, of Example I was;-
- polyvinyl, acetate and interpolymers thereof with, unsaturated, ma-. terials,such as styrene, maleic acid, etc., watersolublepolyvinyl aeetal's, and; other, hydrophilic.
- hydrophilic colloids of the above types are described in; United; States;.Pa-t;-.
- the invention moreover is not limited to the specific light-sensitive material described in the,
- halides may be used as the light-sensitive materials in like manner. Mixtures of silver bromides, chlorides, and/or iodides can be made by adding mixtures of soluble salts of thesehalidesdnlike manner.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 6, 1951 SILVER HALIDE EMULSIONS Walter Dewey Baldsiefen, Metuchen, N. J., assignorto E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, Del., a ccrporation of Delaware Serial No. 28,061
No Drawing. Application May 19, 1943,
5 Claims.
This invention pertains to colloid silver halide emulsions of enhanced speed and contrast. More particularly it pertains tocolloid silver halide emulsions which contain very small amounts of gold and iron salts and to their preparation.
An object of this invention is to provide new sensitized colloid silver halide emulsions. Another object is to provide such emulsions which have good speed and contrast. A further object is to provide such emulsions from readily available inorganic compounds.
Itihas been found that colloid silver halide emulsions which have good speed. and contrast and low fog levels can be made by adding small amountsof water-soluble iron salts, particularly ferric salts such as ferric nitrate, to colloid silver halide emulsions which contain very small amounts of gold or gold and mercury. The emulsions are further sensitized by the addition of a sulfur sensitizer, e. g., sodium thiosulfate, allyl isothiocyanate, thiourea, or an N-substituted thiourea. In the case of gelatin which contains an adequate amount of naturally occurring sulfur compounds, it is not necessary to add a sulfur sensitizer. a
The amount of sulfur sensitizer will vary depending on the chemical constitution of theparticular compound used. In the case of sodium thiosulfate. the amounts may ran e from 1.73 to 9.2 mg. per 765 g. of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion which corresponds to 486 g. of silver based on the element in the final emulsion. Equivalent amounts of other sulfur sensitizers can be used.
The amount of gold and mercury which may be present will vary depending upon the particular salt used. In the case of the preferred salts, chloraurie acid (AuC13-HC1-4H20) is used in an amount of 1.34 to 5.33 mg, and mercuric chloride is used in an amount of 1.32 to 1.97 mg. per 765 g. of .silver nitrate, or based on the silver present in the emulsion, the mol per cents of the two components are re pectively .0000723 to .000288 for gold and .000108 to .000162 for mercury.
It has been found that the amount of iron salts which can be added is not critical. Once the optimum sensitization level is obtained with the gold and'iron or gold, mercury and iron salts, the addition of relatively large quantities of iron salts does not result in a decrease in sensitivity. From 3.0 to 200.0 rugs. and, preferably 3.93 to 3 .44 mgs. of hydrated ferric nitrate, is used per '765 g. of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion. Based on the amount of silver in the emulsion, the amounts are .0002165 to .0110 mol per cent of iron. In the case of other salts. the amounts are, of course, used in chemically equivalent amounts. Suitable additional salts are ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
N-methyl-para-aminophenol sulfate 2.5 Hydroquinone 3.0 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) 75.0 Borax 5.0 Water to 1.0 liter for nine minutes at 68 F. with the results listed in the following table: [Concentration of solutions: 6X10-5 molar] S Sodium Chl r- Ferric Me? Relaig' Thiosulauric Nitive Fog p fate Acid trate ride Speed ma C0. C0. Cc. Cc.
. pounds.
2 The gold and iron or mixture of gold, iron and mercury are preferably added to the colloid silver halide emulsions after the silver salts have been formed. The washed emulsion -is liquefied and the sulfur sensitizer added if necessary. An aqueous solution of chloraurie acid or of chlorauric acid and mercuric chloride, for example are added in an amount suflicient to introduce the above-prescribed quantities of such com- An aqueous solution of the watersoluble iron salt, e. g., ferric nitrate, is added. The emulsion is then digested for a suitable time to obtain the maximum sensitivity and coated onto a suitable upport to form a thin light-sensitive layer. An optical sensitizing dye, e. g., a cyanine, carbocyanine, merocyanine, pseudocy-- anine, or styryl dye, can be added to the emulsion prior to or subsequent to digestion, if desired.
The invention will be further illustrated but is not intended to be limited by the following examples:
Example I A silver halide dispersion in inert gelatin con-Q taining 5.0% silver iodide and 95.0% silver bromide and a carbocyanine sensitizing dye was di- I vided into samples equivalentto 0.15 mol of silver halide each. Additions as tabulated below were type IB sensitometer, and developed in a developer of the following composition:
Grams The samples described in the above table were 60 aged in an oven maintained at a temperature 3 of 120 F. for one week with the resultsgiven in the resulting tablez;
Emulsion No. gg g Gamma F011 17 40 02 123: 86 10 151; 67, O6 214 69 j 10 246 77 I 12" 214 61 10 238 1 .59 l .14; 123 82 a l3v 15 30 02 14 31. 02.
Example II emulsion ,similar'to, that, of Example I was;-
preparedgand;divided-intoseparate portions. Eerric,nitrate, was added to "one. portion. in' the same. Ferrous quantity as, described. in; Example I. sul ate in an equivalentv quantity on a valence basisswas added to, anotherportion.- The emulsions. were thencoated, exposed and developed asin,E xample I. The-sensitometric results obtained; on testing thefilm, samples are set forth in the following, table:
sensitizing Adjuvaut g Gamma Fog 0304 -a-l 29. 7 FB(N.O3)3 229 74 1O droxy monocarboxylic acids e. g,., lactic or glycolic,
aeids, alkalimetaLSalts of cellulose estersof difl i i y acids, uchasph h i acid, polyvinyl.
alcohol; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl, acetate and interpolymers thereof with, unsaturated, ma-. terials,such as styrene, maleic acid, etc., watersolublepolyvinyl aeetal's, and; other, hydrophilic.
synthetic or natural resins and polymeric compounds. Suitable hydrophilic colloids of the above types are described in; United; States;.Pa-t;-.
ents; 2, 10, 9 2.2 6.322. 216aza. 364215 and.
The invention moreover is not limited to the specific light-sensitive material described in the,
aboveedetailed examples. On the contrary vari ousother simple andmixed silver. halides may be used as the light-sensitive materials in like manner. Mixtures of silver bromides, chlorides, and/or iodides can be made by adding mixtures of soluble salts of thesehalidesdnlike manner.
advantage of theinvention, is that it pro-.
vides asimple and efiective. method. of; increasingthe speed and contrast ofgphotographic emulsions. A further advantage is that the increase of, speed obtained does not disappear on aging. A still further advantage is that increases in speed and. contrast are attained without increases in fog,
Asmany; widely, different embodiments of the invention.- can.be,= made Without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understoodthat'theinvention is not to be limited except as defined by the claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A colloid silver halide emulsion containing water-soluble, gold and iron. alts, in, such pronortio s hatthe. emulsiomcontains .ocuovza. to) 00.02.88 mol; per, cent f gold. and; -Q0.0.216.5.lto.. 0 0) m p t. oi i on bas d, on. he, silver nt; f uch. emuls n...
2-. s et silver halide. mulsion con a nin Water-soluble. g ld and iron s ts. in su h pro..- portions that; the emulsion contains .0800723; ta,
.000288 mol; per, C61 1 f. old and; .0002165 l. p .v nt ron, ba ed. n. the. s lv r. content of such emulsion.
3. A,gelatin silver halide emulsion containing water-soluble gold and iron salts. in such proportions that the emulsion contains, .0000723 to .000288 molper cent of gold; 0002165 to .0110 mol perv cent of iron, and further containing; .0 0027to .00135 mol per cent of a sulfur sensitizer, based on the silver content, of such emulsion,
4, A- gelatin silver halide emulsion containing water-soluble; gold, mercury and iron salts; in; such proportions that theemulsion, contains, .OOD 0 723'to .000288 mol per cent ofgold, .00Q108 to .000162 mol' per cent of mercury, .00 02165 to; .01-10-mol per-centof iron, and further containing .0002? to .00135 v mol per centof sodium thigsulfate, based on; the silver content of such; em-uision,
5. A gelatin silver iodobromide emulsionpre dominating; in silver bromide and containing water-soluble gold; mercury and; iron salts in such proportions that the emulsion contains" .0000'723 to .ooozaa mol-"pen cent of gold, .0001'08:
to= .000162 mol= per cent of mercury,- 1100216510- .0110 mol per cent of iron, and further-contain-- ing--.00027 to .00135 mol percent of sodium thiosulfate; based on thesilver content of such emulsion.
DEWEY BALDSIEFENL' REFERENCE S GITED,
The following references are ofr ecord1in the;
fi e. oi. this patent;
UNITED: STATES. PATENTS:
Number Name Date 2,059,642 Kankelwitz' Nov. 3; 193,6 Waller et al. Apr. 23; 1946]
Claims (1)
1. A COLLOID SILVER HALIDE EMULSION CONTAINING WATER-SOLUBLE GOLD AND IRON SALTS IN SUCH PROPORTIONS THAT THE EMULSION CONTAINS .0000723 TO .000288 MOL PER CENT OF GOLD AND .0002165 TO .0110 MOL PER CENT OF IRON, BASED ON THE SILVER CONTENT OF SUCH EMULSION.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28061A US2540085A (en) | 1948-05-19 | 1948-05-19 | Silver halide emulsions |
| GB13431/49A GB658826A (en) | 1948-05-19 | 1949-05-19 | Improvements in or relating to photographic emulsions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28061A US2540085A (en) | 1948-05-19 | 1948-05-19 | Silver halide emulsions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2540085A true US2540085A (en) | 1951-02-06 |
Family
ID=21841351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28061A Expired - Lifetime US2540085A (en) | 1948-05-19 | 1948-05-19 | Silver halide emulsions |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2540085A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB658826A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3113866A (en) * | 1957-01-22 | 1963-12-10 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic processes and compositions useful therein |
| US3144336A (en) * | 1961-10-26 | 1964-08-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Synergistic sensitization of photographic silver halide emulsions |
| US3753721A (en) * | 1970-08-13 | 1973-08-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic materials |
| EP0124795A2 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
| US4764457A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1988-08-16 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
| US5582957A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1996-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions |
| WO2012035314A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
| WO2021213762A1 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-28 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2059642A (en) * | 1934-03-10 | 1936-11-03 | Kankelwitz Bruno | Process for manufacturing photographic silver halide developing emulsions durably free from grey and yellow fogging and of durable quality |
| US2399083A (en) * | 1942-02-13 | 1946-04-23 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic materials |
-
1948
- 1948-05-19 US US28061A patent/US2540085A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1949
- 1949-05-19 GB GB13431/49A patent/GB658826A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2059642A (en) * | 1934-03-10 | 1936-11-03 | Kankelwitz Bruno | Process for manufacturing photographic silver halide developing emulsions durably free from grey and yellow fogging and of durable quality |
| US2399083A (en) * | 1942-02-13 | 1946-04-23 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic materials |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3113866A (en) * | 1957-01-22 | 1963-12-10 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic processes and compositions useful therein |
| US3249433A (en) * | 1957-01-22 | 1966-05-03 | Polaroid Corp | Process for preparing a photosensitive element and process of using same in a diffusion transfer method |
| US3144336A (en) * | 1961-10-26 | 1964-08-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Synergistic sensitization of photographic silver halide emulsions |
| US3753721A (en) * | 1970-08-13 | 1973-08-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic materials |
| US4764457A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1988-08-16 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
| EP0124795A2 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
| US5582957A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1996-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions |
| WO2012035314A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
| WO2021213762A1 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-28 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB658826A (en) | 1951-10-10 |
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