US2399083A - Photographic materials - Google Patents
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- US2399083A US2399083A US475436A US47543643A US2399083A US 2399083 A US2399083 A US 2399083A US 475436 A US475436 A US 475436A US 47543643 A US47543643 A US 47543643A US 2399083 A US2399083 A US 2399083A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- emulsions
- silver
- speed
- digestion
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 78
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 19
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-] SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002343 gold Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylthiourea Chemical compound NC(=S)NCC=C HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001663474 Potamium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYWQTJWGWLKBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(hydroxy)methylidene]azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(N)=O VYWQTJWGWLKBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016720 allyl isothiocyanate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150099875 atpE gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150018639 atpFH gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150048329 atpH gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012822 chemical development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002258 gallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSDQIHATCCOMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl n-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(NC(=O)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 WSDQIHATCCOMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZHHGTDYVCLDHHV-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;gold(3+);tetraiodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-].[I-].[I-].[I-].[Au+3] ZHHGTDYVCLDHHV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising
Definitions
- This invention relates to light sensitive photographic materials and particularly to the pro,- duction of photographic silver halide emulsions of increased light sensitivity.
- gelatino silver halide development emulsions as normally'practised, it is usual after forming the silver halide emulsion in a gelatinmedium, to ripen it, set it, wash it and then digest it before coating.
- the washing operation removes the soluble salts formed in the preparation of the silver halide and the digestion operation further increases the speed of the final emulsion.
- gelatino silver halide emulsions em-' ployed should contain such sulphur compounds either as natural constituents of the gelatin or as positive additions.
- positive addition of a sulphur compound is often but not always necessary, e. g. an allyl isothiocyanata.
- thio-urea or an N-substituted thio-urea such as thiosinamine. Improvement in the results can also be effected by including small quantities of an alkali or ammonium thiocyanate with the gold salt.
- the invention may be applied to emulsions in which the silver halide present is wholly silver example, potassium aurate, potassium chloraurite, potassium bromaurite, potassium iodoaurite, potassium iodoaurate, potassium auricyanide and potassium aurithiocyanate, or the corresponding sodium, calcium, strontium, cadmium or gallium salts.
- Complex organic gold salts may also be used, e. g. pyridino-trichlorogold, ethylene-diamine-bis-trichloro-gold, di-
- the quantity of gold salt employed is necessarily very small, much smaller than would make any appreciable difierence to the tone of the image obtained from the emulsions. If too much gold salt is employed the full speed increase is not obtained.
- the precise quantities of gold salt will, of course, depend on the nature of the gold salt itself and on the nature of the emulsionto which it is added. However, for an emulsion of normal silver halide content, e. g. 2-3%, calculated as-metallic silver, a quansion is important and it has been found that the best results are obtained (especially in the case of panchromatic emulsions) it the pH value of ,the emulsion both during digestion and during coating is maintained below about pH 8.
- tity varying from 1 cc. to 50 ccs. or up to ccs. of a 1 in 10,000solution of sodium chloroaurate successive batches of emulsion and the increase in speed of theflnal emulsion is greater.
- Exmra I- (a) One litre of a gelatino-silver iodobromide emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content of 25 gmacalculated as silver, was digested under conditions leading to the maximum speed in the final emulsion but without causing any appreciable fogging of the emulsion. Further gelatin was added and the emulsion was coated on glass and dried. On testing the speed of the emulsion to white light it was found that the emulsion had a relative speed (b) To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a) 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion.
- a To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a) 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion.
- the resulting emulsion was found to have a relative speed value to white light of I2.
- asin (a) above was modified by the addition of 6 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chl010-- aurate before digestion. The speed or the final emulsion to white light was ative valueof 130.
- the final emulsion wa found to have a relative speed to white light of 150.
- EXAMPLE IV 4 (a) One litre of a panchromaticallysensitised gelatino-silver iodobromide'emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content equivalent to 28.5 gms. calculated as silver, was
- EXAMPLE V pared as in (b) above except that 1.71 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of potassium thiocyanate was added (in addition to the 3.2 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloraurate and the 7 cos. of normal hydrochloric acid) immediately before digestion.
- the relative speed value of the final emulsion obtained was found to be 390.
- Example VI Five litres of a gelatino silver iodobromidem emulsion having a silver halide (chiefly silver bromide) content equivalent to 142.5 gins. calculated as silver was dividedinto five parts. The first part (a) was digested atpH 8.3 to optimum speed and coated at pH 6.9. The remaining four parts, (0), (c). (d) and (e), were adjusted to pH 6.3, gold salt addition were made before digestion,
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
atented Apr. 23, W48
PHOTGGRAPHEC MATERIALS No Drawing. Application February 10, 1943, Se-
rial No. 475,436; In Great ritain February 13,
Claims.
This invention relates to light sensitive photographic materials and particularly to the pro,- duction of photographic silver halide emulsions of increased light sensitivity.
Processes have been known for many years wherein the colour of the images obtained from print out emulsions (i. e. emulsions which form an image, merely on exposure to light and without recourse to chemical development) has been toned by treating the prints obtained with solutions of gold salts or by including gold salts in the emulsions.
It has also been proposed, for example in British Patent No. 417,257, to tone the image-colour of prints obtained from silver chloride development emulsions by including gold salts in such emulsions.
In the production of gelatino silver halide development emulsions as normally'practised, it is usual after forming the silver halide emulsion in a gelatinmedium, to ripen it, set it, wash it and then digest it before coating. The washing operation removes the soluble salts formed in the preparation of the silver halide and the digestion operation further increases the speed of the final emulsion.
It has now been discovered, and this, forms ,the
' basis of the present invention, that the addition of small quantities of soluble gold salts to gelatino silver halide photographic emulsions (the principal halide present being silver bromide) prior to or during the digestion of such emulsions, and preferably while the emulsions have a pH value not greater than about 8, results in a very considerable increase in the light sensitivity of the final emulsions.
It is now generally accepted that all normal gelatin contain small proportions of sulphur compounds such as thiosinamine or allyl isothiocyanate and it is believed that the presence of such sulphur compounds'is essential if the best results are to be obtained by the process of this invention since it is found that those modern gelatins known as inert benefit by an addition of a small quantity of such a compound. .Acoordingly, the gelatino silver halide emulsions em-' ployed should contain such sulphur compounds either as natural constituents of the gelatin or as positive additions. For optimum results the positive addition of a sulphur compound is often but not always necessary, e. g. an allyl isothiocyanata.
thio-urea or an N-substituted thio-urea such as thiosinamine. Improvement in the results can also be effected by including small quantities of an alkali or ammonium thiocyanate with the gold salt.
The invention may be applied to emulsions in which the silver halide present is wholly silver example, potassium aurate, potassium chloraurite, potassium bromaurite, potassium iodoaurite, potassium iodoaurate, potassium auricyanide and potassium aurithiocyanate, or the corresponding sodium, calcium, strontium, cadmium or gallium salts. Complex organic gold salts may also be used, e. g. pyridino-trichlorogold, ethylene-diamine-bis-trichloro-gold, di-
ethyl-monobrom-gold and diethyl-gold-acetyl- 2 acetone, and also the gold complexes with sulphur compounds such as thiourea, and with the sulphur compounds commonly present in gelatin,
e. g. thegold thiosinamine complexes.
its indicated above, the quantity of gold salt employed is necessarily very small, much smaller than would make any appreciable difierence to the tone of the image obtained from the emulsions. If too much gold salt is employed the full speed increase is not obtained. The precise quantities of gold salt will, of course, depend on the nature of the gold salt itself and on the nature of the emulsionto which it is added. However, for an emulsion of normal silver halide content, e. g. 2-3%, calculated as-metallic silver, a quansion is important and it has been found that the best results are obtained (especially in the case of panchromatic emulsions) it the pH value of ,the emulsion both during digestion and during coating is maintained below about pH 8. By-
keeping the emulsion on the acid side of neutrality, more uniform results are obtained from bromide or to emulsions which also contain smallbut any other soluble gold salt may be used, for
tity varying from 1 cc. to 50 ccs. or up to ccs. of a 1 in 10,000solution of sodium chloroaurate successive batches of emulsion and the increase in speed of theflnal emulsion is greater.
The following examples illustrate the invention but are not to be regarded as limiting it in any way:
Exmra I- (a) One litre of a gelatino-silver iodobromide emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content of 25 gmacalculated as silver, was digested under conditions leading to the maximum speed in the final emulsion but without causing any appreciable fogging of the emulsion. Further gelatin was added and the emulsion was coated on glass and dried. On testing the speed of the emulsion to white light it was found that the emulsion had a relative speed (b) To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a) 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion. The emulsion was then treated as before and on testing the speed of the emulsion to white light, it was found to ExAmrLn II This example illustrates the eil'ect of the pH value of the emulsion during digestion and during coating on the speed of the final emulsion ob tained.
(a) An emulsion was prepared as in Example I (a), the pH of the emulsion at the digestion stage being 8.3 and at the coating stage 6.9. The speed of the emulsion to white light was found to have a relative value of 38. i
(b) 1 litre from the same emulsion was prepared as in (a) above and '7 ccs. oi a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate was added before digestion. This addition did not affect the pH value of the emulsion during digestion or coating, which remained at 8.3 and 6.9 respectively. The
.speed of the final emulsion to white light was Exmrs III (a) one we of a gelatino-silver iodobromide emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content equivalent to 28.5 ems. caloulated as silver, and colour-sensitised by the addition of (1.3.3.4rimethyl-indolylidene) -2.4'-
- ethylidene-(l' phenyl 3' methyl pyrazole-5'- orielfwa digestedjto give optimum speed in the emulsion. Afurther quantity of gelatin was add F a'nd the emulsion was coated and dried.
The resulting emulsion was found to have a relative speed value to white light of I2.
. (b) 1 litre from the same emulsion prepared.
asin (a) above was modified by the addition of 6 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chl010-- aurate before digestion. The speed or the final emulsion to white light was ative valueof 130.
(c) 1 litre from the same emulsion as in (a) above was modified by the addition 01' 1 cc. of a found to have a rel- 1:10,000 solution of thiosinamine before setting and the addition of 9 cos. of a, 1:l0,000 solution of sodium aurichlorlde before digestion.
. The final emulsion wa found to have a relative speed to white light of 150.
EXAMPLE IV 4 (a) One litre of a panchromaticallysensitised gelatino-silver iodobromide'emulsion having a silver halide (principally silver bromide) content equivalent to 28.5 gms. calculated as silver, was
digested to give the greatest possible speed. Further gelatin was added and the emulsion was coated and dried. During digestion the pH value v of this emulsion was 7.9 and during coating'was 6.95. The speed of the coated and dried emulsion to white light was found to have a relative value oi 130. I
(b) 1 litre from the sameemulsion wa prepared as in (a) above with the modification that 6 ccs. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloroaurate and 7 ccs. of normal hydrochloric acid were added before digestion. The pH value during dgestion then became 5.7 and during coating 6.0. The relative speed value of the coated and dried emulsion was found to be 340.
EXAMPLE V pared as in (b) above except that 1.71 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of potassium thiocyanate was added (in addition to the 3.2 cos. of a 1:10.000 solution of sodium chloraurate and the 7 cos. of normal hydrochloric acid) immediately before digestion. The relative speed value of the final emulsion obtained was found to be 390.
Example VI Five litres of a gelatino silver iodobromidem emulsion having a silver halide (chiefly silver bromide) content equivalent to 142.5 gins. calculated as silver was dividedinto five parts. The first part (a) was digested atpH 8.3 to optimum speed and coated at pH 6.9. The remaining four parts, (0), (c). (d) and (e), were adjusted to pH 6.3, gold salt addition were made before digestion,
and the several parts coated at pH value about 6.6. The results obtained are shown in the following table.
Table Relative Gold salt speed I a hill -50 o 0 cc. 130,000 pyridine trlcliloro gold U c 5 oc. 1:10.000 ethylene diamino bis-trichloro-gold-.;. 160' d) 4 cc. 1:10.000 potamium aunts... 21m e) Bee. 1:10.000 potassium chloroaurite 2oz) AZPLE VII 01) An emulsion was prepared as in Enample I (a) the :13 during digestion being adiusted to aseaoss 5.95. On testing the speed of the emulsion to white light, it was found that the a, relative speed of 42.
,(b) To 1 litre of the same emulsion as in (a), 4 cos. of a 1:10,000 solution of aurous bisthlo carbamide chloride was added before digestion. The emulsion was then treated as before and on testing the speed of the emulsion to white light it was found to have a relative speed of 63.
What we claim is:
1. In a process of producing gelatino-silver halide emulsion layers which predominate in silver bromide and contain "a sulfur sensitizer, including precipitation, washing and digestion stages and coating; the step which comprises digesting such emulsions on the acid side of nell-' trality in the presence of a small amount of a soluble gold salt which is smaller than that which would make any appreciable difference to the tone of the developed silver images obtained from the emulsions, and coating said emulsions emulsion had 1 to 100 cc. of a 1 to 10,000 solution of such salt, and coating said emulsions on a support while maintaining the emulsions on the acid side of neutrality.
3. In a process of producing gelatino-silver halide emulsion layers which predominate in silver bromide and contain a sulfur sensitizer, including precipitation. washing and digestion stages and coating; the step which comprises digesting such emulsions on the acid side of neutrality in the presence of a small amount of sodium chloroaurate which is smaller than that which would make any appreciable difference to the tone of the developed silver images obtained from the emulsions, and coating said emulsions on a support while maintaining the emulsions on the acid side of neutrality.
4. In a process of producing gelatino-silver on a support while maintaining the emulsions gold salt per liter of emulsion equal to that in bromide and contain a sulfur sensitizer, including precipitation; washing and digestion stages and coating; the step which comprises digesting such emulsions on the acid side of neutrality in the presence of an amount of sodium chloroaurate per liter of emulsion equal to that in 1 tov 100 cc. of a 1 to 10,000 solution ofsuch salt, and coating said emulsions on a support while maintaining the emulsions'on the acid side of neutrality.
5. The product of the process of claim 1.
CECIL WALLER.
RONALD BERNARD COLLINS. EDWARD CYRIL DODD.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1908/42A GB570393A (en) | 1942-02-13 | 1942-02-13 | Improvements in or relating to photographic materials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2399083A true US2399083A (en) | 1946-04-23 |
Family
ID=9730143
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US475436A Expired - Lifetime US2399083A (en) | 1942-02-13 | 1943-02-10 | Photographic materials |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2399083A (en) |
BE (1) | BE469014A (en) |
FR (1) | FR917547A (en) |
GB (1) | GB570393A (en) |
Cited By (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2540085A (en) * | 1948-05-19 | 1951-02-06 | Du Pont | Silver halide emulsions |
US2575002A (en) * | 1948-07-21 | 1951-11-13 | Eastman Kodak Co | Latent image intensification |
US2597915A (en) * | 1949-09-24 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds |
US2597856A (en) * | 1949-09-24 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds |
US2598079A (en) * | 1948-08-31 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | High-speed photographic silver halide emulsions supersensitized with palladium salts |
US2624674A (en) * | 1946-06-29 | 1953-01-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic emulsion sensitized with gold compounds and sulfur sensitizers |
US2642361A (en) * | 1949-07-20 | 1953-06-16 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized with water-insoluble gold compounds |
US2717833A (en) * | 1952-05-12 | 1955-09-13 | Sperry Rand Corp | Direct positive emulsions |
US2739060A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2743180A (en) * | 1953-07-01 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Pentazaindene stabilizers for photo-graphic emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers |
US2743182A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2743183A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2784090A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1957-03-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of emulsions sensitized with onium compounds |
US2816029A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1957-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising simple cyanine dyes and metal salts |
US2819964A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-01-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and metal salts |
US2839405A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-06-17 | Eastman Kodak Co | Inorganic salt antifoggants for photographic emulsions |
US2843490A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-07-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and polyvalent metal salts |
US2950972A (en) * | 1954-11-24 | 1960-08-30 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation |
US2956882A (en) * | 1955-09-13 | 1960-10-18 | Aeroprojects Inc | Photographic emulsion |
US3061437A (en) * | 1959-10-26 | 1962-10-30 | Eastman Kodak Co | Sulfone bis-quaternary salts as sensitizers for photographic emulsions |
US3128185A (en) * | 1960-01-25 | 1964-04-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Antifoggants for formaldehydehardened photographic layers |
US3142567A (en) * | 1962-03-09 | 1964-07-28 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic product and process |
JPS4889722A (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1973-11-22 | ||
US3976489A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1976-08-24 | Polaroid Corporation | Silver halide photographic products with semiconductor sensitizers |
US3977880A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-08-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Direct-positive emulsion containing silver halide grains internally doped with metal ions, surface ripened with gold and sulfur compound and fogged by light exposure |
US4009041A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1977-02-22 | Polaroid Corporation | Fogged, direct-positive silver halide emulsion containing a gallium sulfide semiconductor |
EP0106306A2 (en) | 1982-10-14 | 1984-04-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic materials |
EP0115351A2 (en) | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide light-sensitive material |
EP0124795A2 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
EP0147854A2 (en) | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials |
EP0200206A2 (en) | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-05 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0201027A2 (en) | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-12 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0202784A2 (en) | 1985-04-23 | 1986-11-26 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0209118A2 (en) | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic material |
US4764457A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1988-08-16 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
EP0476327A1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1992-03-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Data-retainable photographic film product and process for producing color print |
EP0691569A1 (en) | 1994-07-04 | 1996-01-10 | Kodak-Pathe | Photographic emulsion with improved sensitivity |
US5492804A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements |
US5492803A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Hydrazide redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements |
US5492805A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements |
EP0708370A2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for manufacturing diffusion transfer printing plates |
EP0708371A2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Additive for improving the performance of diffusion transfer printing plates |
US5582957A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1996-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions |
EP0772079A2 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Light-sensitive silber halide emulsions and processes for their preparation |
EP0843209A1 (en) | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-20 | Imation Corp. | Silver halide emulsion manufacturing method |
US5891615A (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1999-04-06 | Imation Corp. | Chemical sensitization of photothermographic silver halide emulsions |
US5928857A (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1999-07-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Photothermographic element with improved adherence between layers |
US5939249A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1999-08-17 | Imation Corp. | Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains |
US7468241B1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-12-23 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Processing latitude stabilizers for photothermographic materials |
US20090081578A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps |
US20090181332A1 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-16 | William Donald Ramsden | Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials |
WO2012035314A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
WO2017123444A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps |
WO2021213762A1 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-28 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
-
0
- BE BE469014D patent/BE469014A/xx unknown
-
1942
- 1942-02-13 GB GB1908/42A patent/GB570393A/en not_active Expired
-
1943
- 1943-02-10 US US475436A patent/US2399083A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1945
- 1945-11-19 FR FR917547D patent/FR917547A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (60)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2624674A (en) * | 1946-06-29 | 1953-01-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic emulsion sensitized with gold compounds and sulfur sensitizers |
US2540085A (en) * | 1948-05-19 | 1951-02-06 | Du Pont | Silver halide emulsions |
US2575002A (en) * | 1948-07-21 | 1951-11-13 | Eastman Kodak Co | Latent image intensification |
US2598079A (en) * | 1948-08-31 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | High-speed photographic silver halide emulsions supersensitized with palladium salts |
US2642361A (en) * | 1949-07-20 | 1953-06-16 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized with water-insoluble gold compounds |
US2597856A (en) * | 1949-09-24 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds |
US2597915A (en) * | 1949-09-24 | 1952-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of photographic emulsions sensitized with gold compounds |
US2717833A (en) * | 1952-05-12 | 1955-09-13 | Sperry Rand Corp | Direct positive emulsions |
US2739060A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2743182A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2743183A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions |
US2784090A (en) * | 1952-11-08 | 1957-03-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of emulsions sensitized with onium compounds |
US2743180A (en) * | 1953-07-01 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Pentazaindene stabilizers for photo-graphic emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers |
US2950972A (en) * | 1954-11-24 | 1960-08-30 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation |
US2819964A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-01-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and metal salts |
US2843490A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-07-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes and polyvalent metal salts |
US2816029A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1957-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Supersensitizing combinations comprising simple cyanine dyes and metal salts |
US2839405A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-06-17 | Eastman Kodak Co | Inorganic salt antifoggants for photographic emulsions |
US2956882A (en) * | 1955-09-13 | 1960-10-18 | Aeroprojects Inc | Photographic emulsion |
US3061437A (en) * | 1959-10-26 | 1962-10-30 | Eastman Kodak Co | Sulfone bis-quaternary salts as sensitizers for photographic emulsions |
US3128185A (en) * | 1960-01-25 | 1964-04-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Antifoggants for formaldehydehardened photographic layers |
US3142567A (en) * | 1962-03-09 | 1964-07-28 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic product and process |
JPS5141055B2 (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1976-11-08 | ||
JPS4889722A (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1973-11-22 | ||
US3976489A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1976-08-24 | Polaroid Corporation | Silver halide photographic products with semiconductor sensitizers |
US3977880A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-08-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Direct-positive emulsion containing silver halide grains internally doped with metal ions, surface ripened with gold and sulfur compound and fogged by light exposure |
US4009041A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1977-02-22 | Polaroid Corporation | Fogged, direct-positive silver halide emulsion containing a gallium sulfide semiconductor |
US4764457A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1988-08-16 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
EP0106306A2 (en) | 1982-10-14 | 1984-04-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic materials |
EP0115351A2 (en) | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide light-sensitive material |
EP0124795A2 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic emulsion |
EP0147854A2 (en) | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials |
EP0202784A2 (en) | 1985-04-23 | 1986-11-26 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0201027A2 (en) | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-12 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0200206A2 (en) | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-05 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0209118A2 (en) | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic material |
EP0476327A1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1992-03-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Data-retainable photographic film product and process for producing color print |
US5492804A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements |
US5696289A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1997-12-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements |
US5492805A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements |
US5705676A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1998-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements |
EP0691569A1 (en) | 1994-07-04 | 1996-01-10 | Kodak-Pathe | Photographic emulsion with improved sensitivity |
EP0708370A2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for manufacturing diffusion transfer printing plates |
EP0708371A2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Additive for improving the performance of diffusion transfer printing plates |
US5928857A (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1999-07-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Photothermographic element with improved adherence between layers |
US5492803A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-02-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Hydrazide redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements |
US5582957A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1996-12-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions |
EP0772079A2 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Light-sensitive silber halide emulsions and processes for their preparation |
EP0843209A1 (en) | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-20 | Imation Corp. | Silver halide emulsion manufacturing method |
US5891615A (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1999-04-06 | Imation Corp. | Chemical sensitization of photothermographic silver halide emulsions |
US5939249A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1999-08-17 | Imation Corp. | Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains |
US6060231A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2000-05-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains |
US7468241B1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-12-23 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Processing latitude stabilizers for photothermographic materials |
US20090081578A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps |
US7524621B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-28 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps |
US20090181332A1 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-16 | William Donald Ramsden | Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials |
US7622247B2 (en) | 2008-01-14 | 2009-11-24 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials |
WO2012035314A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
WO2017123444A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps |
WO2021213762A1 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-28 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR917547A (en) | 1947-01-09 |
BE469014A (en) | |
GB570393A (en) | 1945-07-05 |
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