US2315002A

US2315002A - Ornamental organic derivative of cellulose fabric

Info

Publication number: US2315002A
Application number: US393675A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lyem Arthur
Original assignee: Celanese Corp
Current assignee: Celanese Corp
Priority date: 1941-05-15
Filing date: 1941-05-15
Publication date: 1943-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 1960-03-30

Description

Patentecl Mar. 30, 1943 l ORNAMENTAL ORGANIC DERIVATIVE F CELLULOSE FABRIC Arthur Lyem, Cumberland, Md., assignor to Gelanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing; Application May 15, 1941, Y 1 Serial No. 393,675

This invention relates to ornamental fabrics, and more particularly to the production of pate,

' tern effects upon fabrics made of or containing yarns having a basis of an organic derivative of cellulose. An object of my invention .is the production unusual overall cockledeffect after the resist is v removed and the fabric suitably finished.

of pattern effects upon fabrics made of or Icon-' taining yarns of an organic derivativeof cellulose in a rapid and economical manner. j

Another object of my invention is the production of ornamental'fabrics wherein the pattern or design on said ornamental fabrics is permaother cleansing operations.

Other objects of my invention will appear from the following detailed description.

Ornamental fabrics presenting in variety of patterned effects have been prepared by weaving said fabrics on special looms such as the Jacquard loom or by making the fabrics on various lace-making machines. Due to the fact that the setting-up and operation of looms and machines of this type is highly complicated for each particular pattern that is woven, the looms and machines are not easily adapted to rapid changes in pattern andas a result, when these patterned fabrics are Woven, they are quite costly unless made in large quantities.

I have now discovered that ornamental fabrics made of or containing yarns of an organic denent and highly resistant to laundering and rivative of cellulose and presenting patterned fabric are acted upon and shrunk by the nonaqueous shrinking agent and. after the fabric has been dried and washed with an aqueous solu tion, the resulting resist-free fabric presents an unusual ornamental patterned effect which is quite similar in appearance to fabrics woven'on a Jacquard loom or made on lace machines. By printing the fabric with the resist compound in any desired pattern, an unlimited variety of patterned effects may be obtained which are substantially permanently set in the fabric and' in a predetermined pattern, it may also beap-v plied at random along the length of the yarns before they are formed intoa fabric and the resulting fabric may then be subjected to the shrinking trmtment. yielding a fabric having an Various water-soluble resist compounds may be employed in the preparation of the novel fab- These water-soluble 'ref sists may be resins such as, for example, those 1 rics of my invention.

obtained from polyvinyl alcohol, gums, sucha's gum arabic, or protein materials such as albumen and casein. Other resists which are solublein watermay likewise be employed. I

The volatile, non-aqueous shrinking agents which are applied to the fabrics may be, for example, organic liquids having a swelling action on the organic derivatives of cellulose, or solutions of said organic liquids mixed with inert organic diluents having substantially no solvent diluents which have no solvent action on the organic derivatives of cellulose are benzene, carbon tetrachloride, toluene, xylene and kerosene.

These diluents may be mixed with the organic J shrinking agent in any desired proportion depending upon the activity of the swelling agent and the degree of shrinking desired in the final patterned fabric. The liquid mixture of shrinking agent and diluent should, of course, be so chosen that it has little or no solvent'action on the water-soluble, resist compound which has been applied to the fabric. Preferably, I employ a mixture of acetaldehyde and xylene.

The fabrics treated in accordance with 'my invention may be woven, knitted ,or netted and may be composed entirely of yarns of an organic derivative of cellulose or they may contain in addition to the organic derivative of cellulose yarns, yarns of other materials which are unaffected by the shrinking agents, such as, for example, yarns of cotton, silk, wool or regenerated cellulose. The fabrics may likewise be composed of or contain yarns which are spun from staple fibers having a basis of an organic derivative of cellulose blended with staple fibers of cotton, silk, wool or regenerated cellulose so that the resulting spun yarns are only in part affected by the shrinking agent.

In addition to the use of diluents for controlling the activity of the shrinking agent, the activity thereof may also be controlled by varying the temperature at which the shrinking'agent is ap plied to the fabric as well as the time during which the shrinking agent is permitted to rein water.

main in contact with the fabric. Where the shrinking agent has a marked solvent action on the organic derivatives of cellulose, relatively low temperatures and brief immersion times are preferable. solvent action, a higher temperature or a longer period of immersion may be employed. The particular conditions chosen may be varied over a Wide range and are determined by the degree of shrinking desired. Temperatures of from C. to 25 C. with contact or immersion times of from seconds to 2 minutes give satisfactory results.

In treating the fabric, the shrinking agent may be applied in many ways. Bath methods may be employed, or, if preferred, the shrinking agent may be applied by padding or spraying the same on to the fabric.

Where the shrinking agent has a limited While my invention is of particular application with regard to fabrics made of or containing yarns or fibers of cellulose acetate, other organic esters of cellulose as well as ethers of cellulose may be employed. Examples of other cellulose esters are cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate and mixed esters such as cellulose acetate-propionate and cellulose acetate-butyrate, while examples of cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

In order further to illustrate my invention,- but without being limited thereto, the following examples are given:

Example I A cellulose acetate fabric, with a satin weave, is printed in a pattern, by means of a screen, with a resist comprising 5% of a polyvinyl alcohol resin The fabric is then dried and subjected to a swelling and shrinking action by impregnating the reserve printed fabric with a solution of equal parts by volume of acetaldehyde and xylene maintained at '15" to 20 C. The fabric is treated for about 20 to 30 seconds, after-which it is dried and washed. The resulting fabric has a permanent design therein similar to a jacquard weave and retains its original soft hand.

Example II 10 to C. The fabric is treated for about 30 to.

40 seconds with subsequent drying, washing and dyeing. The resulting finished fabric has a permanent design therein similar to -a jacquard weave, and retains its original soft hand and strength.

Example III A cellulose acetate fabric with a crepe Weave is printed in a pattern by means of a roller'w'ith a resist comprising 5% of albumen in water. The fabric is then subjected, after the drying, to a swelling and shrinking action by impregnating the resist-printed fabric with a solution of equal parts by volume of acetone and benzene, maintained at 15 to C. The fabric is treated for about seconds after which it is dried andwashed. The resulting fabric has a permanent design similar to a jacquard weave or lace.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns of an organic derivative of cellulose and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a volatile non-aqueous medium having a shrinking action on the ,uncoated portion of the organic derivative of cellulose yarns.

2. Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns of an organic derivative of cellulose and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a volatile non-aqueous liquid comprising acetaldehyde so that the uncoated portion of the organic derivative of cellulose yarns is shrunk.

'3. Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns of cellulose acetate and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a non-aqueous liquid comprising acetaldehyde and xylene so that the uncoated portion of the cellulose acetate yarns is shrunk.

4.'Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises 10- cally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns of an organic derivative of cellulose and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a non-- aqueous liquid comprising equal parts by volume of acetaldehyde and xylene so that the uncoated portion of the organic derivative of cellulose yarns is shrunk.

'5. Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns of cellulose acetate and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a non-aqueous liquid comprising equal parts by volume of acetaldehyde and xylene so that the uncoated portion of the cellulose acetate yarns is shrunk.

6. Process for the production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns,

of cellulose acetate and then subjecting said fabric to the action of a non-aqueous liquid comprising equal parts by volume of acetaldehyde and carbon tetrachloride so that the uncoated portion of the cellulose acetate yarns is shrunk.

7. Process forthe production of fabrics presenting ornamental effects, which comprises locally applying a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin resist coating to a fabric containing yarns