US2314944A - Method of and apparatus for producing filaments or the like of glass and structures thereof - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for producing filaments or the like of glass and structures thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US2314944A
US2314944A US165371A US16537137A US2314944A US 2314944 A US2314944 A US 2314944A US 165371 A US165371 A US 165371A US 16537137 A US16537137 A US 16537137A US 2314944 A US2314944 A US 2314944A
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Prior art keywords
glass
threads
particles
drops
mass
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Expired - Lifetime
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US165371A
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English (en)
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Lamesch Armand
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/05—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor by projecting molten glass on a rotating body having no radial orifices

Definitions

  • this known method has the disadvantage that the length of the filament is limited, because the stringing element remains constantly in contact with the particle and the length of the filament depends upon the travel of said element which cannot exceed a certain distance for constructional reasons, and that further for this and other reasons the output is small.
  • the throwing or hurling of the drops or particles is effected in a direction which is approximately parallel to the surface of the molten glass mass, and on a substantially horizontal trajectory.
  • the diameter of the filament to be produced may be controlled in a very simple manner by influencing the viscosity of the glass and/or the velocity of the hurling.
  • the drops or particles may also be detached from the lower side of a glass mass issuing from an opening of a tank, or from the front side as" is hereinafter explained in detail.
  • the present invention is based upon the prin ciple of projecting individual drops or particles of liquid or plastic glass, whereby said drops or particles draw a filament behind them, but has for its object to obviate the defects of the known methods.
  • a particular advantage and an important feature of the invention consists in the production in continuous operation of mats, glass wool or the like of such threads or filaments, particularly such as consist of felted threads or filaments.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a particular manner of forming the filament
  • Figure 3 is a plan view showing the production of mats the fibres of which disclose a felt like connection
  • Figures 4 and 5 show further methods of producing threads or filaments according to the invention.
  • the mass of liquid or plastic glass from which particles are pulled out or extracted and thrown or hurled oiT forms a band I having for instance a height of 4 mm. to 5 mm. and being continuously discharged from a melting furnace 2 by means of the rollers 3.
  • a centrifugal device which in the example shown comprises a drum 4 rotating at a high and preferably regulatable speed and having a horizontal shaft.
  • a drum 4 On the circumference of the drum 4 suitably shaped preferably cooled spikes or projections 5, which are preferably cooled in a suitable manner, are disposed. They may be somewhat forwardly inclined in the direction of motion of the device.
  • the drum 4 is positioned relative to the glass in such manner that the spikes 5 enter th glass during rotation of the drum and dig out and push a small quantity of glass in front of them and out of the mass.
  • the spikes 5 following one another in axial direction are preferably staggered relative to one another in circumferential direction, so that the amountof glass extracted by a spike remains in connection with the main mass l at least in the form of a thread or filament 6a, which will be the finer the farther, i. e. the more rapidly, the drop or particle is thrown off.
  • lines of flight exceeding in. will be attained.
  • guide plates 1 may be employed for guiding the thrown of! drops or particles.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 Other possibilities of producing a, glass thread according to the fundamental principle of the invention are indicated in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the liquid glass is brought from above near the spikesi of the drum 4 disposed underneath the glass stream in the form of a continuous band 29, and thus comes into contact with the spikes in the upper portion 30 of the drum, though, as Figure 5 shows, where the drops are taken from the front sideof the glass band, the glass band may be supplied also on anotherlevel relative to the drum 4 without involving fundamental variations of the method. In such cases feeding rollers 3 may be employed for passing the liquid glass band 29 to the drum 4.
  • the threads or filaments produced are approximately parallel to one another and, by means of a suitable device, comprising for instance a cutting roll 9 guided on a knife l0 and arranged near the end of the line of flight, are separated from the thrown of! drops 8 and deposited on a table 8. Th separated drops 6 are carried away by a suitably inclined receiving channel ll connecting with the end of the guide plate I.
  • the receiving table 8 can be immovable if mats are to be produced whose length is restricted to that of the table. If an endless mat is to be made, continuous motion in the direction of the line of flight of the drops is imparted to the surface of the table 8. Since the mat is usually composed of a great many layers" of thread, the movement of the table is relatively slow, so it does not move far during one reciprocation of th cutter.
  • final product I4 is thus completed and can be wound upon a drum IE or cut into lengths according to requirements.
  • the methodaccording to the invention therefore makes it possible to produce a mat ready for use in a continuous manner and in a single operation.
  • the method further insures high output which is particularly increased if the thickness of the glass. band and the path of the spikes I ar relatively adjusted so that the spikes penetrate the entire thickness of the band and, as indicated in Figure 2, each thrown oif drop it yields two threads l1, l8, which on each side of a point 5 connect the drop IS with the glass band I9.
  • th invention Another advantage afforded by th invention is the possibility of obtaining felting of the thread layer in a very simple manner.
  • a lateral reciprocating motion in the direction of its plane is imparted to the receiving table 8.
  • the table may be reciprocated sidewise rectilinearly, or swung about a vertical pivot at the end adjacent to the knife l0. Owing to this motion it becomes possible to place the threads dropping onto the layer in process of formation in positions which form angles of variable degree, so that the threads, so to speak, become entangled. Felting to a still higher degree can be attained by employing several centrifugal devices which work for a joint receiving means to produce a single mat.
  • two auxiliary centrifugal devices 20, II and a main centrifugal device 22 can be so arranged that th threads thrown ofl from the two auxiliary devices form an angle with the threads coming from the main device.
  • crossed threads are obtained which give the necessary connection to the mat, the threads thrown off from the auxiliary devices being of course cut oil at the edges 23 and 24 of the main layer, for instance by means of the diagrammatically shown devices 25, 26, which are moved by the means 21, 28 and substantially correspond to the cutting device 9, III shown in Figure 1.
  • the lateral or auxiliary centrifugal devices are preferably arranged on levels that differ from one another and also from that of the main centrifugal device, whilst, moreover, the spikes are suitably distributed over the surface of the centrifugal drums. It thus becomes possible to regulate the order of production of the threads according to their position. To provide for some constancy of regulation it is advisable to couple the drives of the various drums.
  • the mats produced in the manner indicated do not comprise layers of threadsextending parallel or approximately so relative to one another, with each layer sharply separated from the adjacent layers whose threads extend in another direction, but the structure 'produced constitutes a regular felt owing to the peculiar crossing of the individual threads.
  • centrifugal drums instead of centrifugal drums other suitable centrifugal means, such as chains -or an endless band fltted with spikes and touching the glass band on their path, may be used.
  • suitable centrifugal means such as chains -or an endless band fltted with spikes and touching the glass band on their path.
  • a method of producing threads of glass and similar substances capable of being spun in molten condition which consists in extracting individual drops or particles from a molten mass of glass by rapidly moving elements, one for each drop, penetrating the glass mass, said ele-' ments throwing oil the drops or particles after they have been detached from the glass mass. the drops or particles being thus immediately separated from the extracting and hurling elements while said drops are still connected to the glass mass by threads, and regulating the thickness of the thread by adjusting the viscosity of the molten glass.
  • a method of producing threads of glass and similar substances capable of being spun in molten condition which consists in extracting.
  • a method of producing threads of glass and similar substances capable of being spun in molten condition which consists in extracting individual drops or particles from a molten mass of glass by rapidly moving elements, one for each drop, penetrating the glass mass, said elements throwing off the drops or particles after they have been detached from the glass mass, the dropsor particles being thus immediately separated from the extracting and hurling elements, the throwing off elements penetrating at every welling out and throwing off step the entire thickness of the mass of molten glass to form two threads by each thrown off particle.
  • a method of producing a mat of threads from material having the consistency of molten glass which consists in extracting ind vidual drops or particles from a mass of the material, throwing the particles away from the mass, in substantially parallel directions. while still connected by threads to the mass and thereby draw ing a plurality of substantially parallel threads. and cutting ofi the particles and dropping the threads in substantially parallel relation upon a support.
  • each prong separates a particle i tion and building up a. mat by depositing successive lengths of threads upon the support and moving the support to deposit successive layers of thread at anglesto each other.
  • Apparatus for forming threads comprising means affording a supply of molten glass. a plurality of prongs, means to move the prongs into and away from the molten glassin parallel lines and to change the direction of motion of the prongs after leaving the glass. the shape of the prongs and their driving means being coordinated so that each prong separates a particle of glass from the supply and throws it away while the particle is still connected to the supply by a thread.
  • Apparatus for forming threads comprising means afiording a supply'of molten glass, a plurality of prongs, means to move the prongs into and away from the molten glass in parallel lines and to change the direction of motion of the prongs after leaving the glass, the shape of the prongs and their driving mean being coorspeed of the drum so that each prong separates a particle from the supply of molten glass and throws it away while the particle is still connected by a thread to the supply.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 and comprising a support over and past which the particles are thrown and means to cut the threads beyond the support and behind the particles, and means to reciprocate the support transversely of the direction of travel of the particles.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim '12 comprising an endless belt over and past which the particles are thrown and means to cut the threads behind the particles and beyond the belt.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 comprising an endless belt over and past which the particles are thrown, means to cut the threads beyond the belt andv behind the particles, a second endless belt in position to receive a mat of glass threads falling from the discharge end of the first said belt, means to feed a cover sheet onto the second said belt beneath the mat, and means to wind the cover sheet and mat into a roll.
  • Apparatus for forming a mat of glass threads comprising a plurality of sources of molten glass. mean to extract from each source a plurality of particles of glass and throw them away from the source, in parallel directions, while each particle is connected to the source by a thread. a support, the throwing devices from all sources being arranged to throw particles over and past the support, and means to cut the threads beyond the support and behind the particles.
  • a method of producing threads from material having the consistency of molten glass which consists in extracting individual drops or particles from a mass of the material by rapidly moving elements. one for each drop, penetrating the glass mass. and moving said elements so that they throw off the drops or particles after the drops have been detached from the glass mass, the drops or particles being thus immediately separated from the extracting and hurling elements while still connected to the glass mass by threads.
  • a method of producing threads from material having the consistency of molten glass which consists in moving a band of the material, extracting a plurality of individual drops or particles simultaneously at spaced points from the under side of the forward end of the molten glass by rapidly moving elements, one for each drop, penetrating the under side of the forward end of the glass band, and moving said elements so that they throw off the drops or particles after the drops have been detached from the glass mass, the drops or particles being thus immediately separated from the extracting and hurling elements while still connected to the glass mass by threads.
  • a method of producing threads from material, having the consistency of molten glass which consists in moving a band of the material, extracting a plurality of individual drops 'or particles simultaneously at spaced point from the front side of the forward end of the molten glass by rapidly moving elements, one for each drop, penetrating the front side of the forward end of the glass band, and moving said elements so that they throw off the drops or particles after the drops have been detached from the glass mass, the drops or particles being thus immediately separated from the extracting and hurling elements while still connected to the glass mass by threads.v
  • Apparatus for forming threads comprising means for supplying a ribbon of molten glass, a drum mounted with its periphery adjacent to the path'of the ribbon, means to rotate the drum,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US165371A 1936-10-01 1937-09-23 Method of and apparatus for producing filaments or the like of glass and structures thereof Expired - Lifetime US2314944A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE205105X 1936-10-01

Publications (1)

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US2314944A true US2314944A (en) 1943-03-30

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US165371A Expired - Lifetime US2314944A (en) 1936-10-01 1937-09-23 Method of and apparatus for producing filaments or the like of glass and structures thereof

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US (1) US2314944A (it)
CH (1) CH205105A (it)
FR (1) FR827220A (it)
GB (1) GB484779A (it)
NL (1) NL46941C (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520168A (en) * 1944-09-22 1950-08-29 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for fiberizing molten material
US2931421A (en) * 1950-05-04 1960-04-05 Schuller Werner Apparatus for the production of a thin sheet or mat from glass fibres
US2996102A (en) * 1954-04-23 1961-08-15 Schuller Werner Manufacture of a web or mat made from glass fibre or a substance having similar characteristics
US3649234A (en) * 1968-06-20 1972-03-14 Saint Gobain Method and apparatus for production of fibers from thermoplastic materials, such as glass, rock, slag or the like

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520168A (en) * 1944-09-22 1950-08-29 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for fiberizing molten material
US2931421A (en) * 1950-05-04 1960-04-05 Schuller Werner Apparatus for the production of a thin sheet or mat from glass fibres
US2996102A (en) * 1954-04-23 1961-08-15 Schuller Werner Manufacture of a web or mat made from glass fibre or a substance having similar characteristics
US3649234A (en) * 1968-06-20 1972-03-14 Saint Gobain Method and apparatus for production of fibers from thermoplastic materials, such as glass, rock, slag or the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB484779A (en) 1938-05-10
CH205105A (de) 1939-06-15
FR827220A (fr) 1938-04-21
NL46941C (it)

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