US2306899A - Alloy - Google Patents
Alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2306899A US2306899A US432794A US43279442A US2306899A US 2306899 A US2306899 A US 2306899A US 432794 A US432794 A US 432794A US 43279442 A US43279442 A US 43279442A US 2306899 A US2306899 A US 2306899A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- alloy
- calcium
- magnesium
- tin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- YTKTZYQDHXMUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Pb].[Mg] Chemical compound [Ca].[Pb].[Mg] YTKTZYQDHXMUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony lead Chemical compound [Sb].[Pb] QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000713 I alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSYMNDBTCKIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(carbamoyloxymethyl)-2-ethylbutyl] carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(CC)(CC)COC(N)=O VSYMNDBTCKIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/02—Alloys based on lead with an alkali or an alkaline earth metal as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to lead alloys and more particularly to alloys of lead, calcium and magposscss and exhibit are especially useful whereever a soft ductile material having high resistance to fatigue and creep is desired.
- the leadalloy products of this invention can be used in the manufacture of such lead products as cable sheathing, roofing and the like where the products must withstand considerable bending and shaping.
- the invention in its broadest aspect may be said to provide ternary alloys of lead, calcium and magnesium possessing certain highly beneficial physical properties, and alloys comprising a base alloy of lead, calcium and magnesium with at least one additional alloying constituent imparting further desired properties to the alloy while at the same time retaining or enhancing the beneficial physical properties possessed by the base alloy.
- This invention is a result of further research and experimentation with related lead I alloys, which are the subject of prior patents to Betterton et al. 2,142,835 and 2,142,836 issued January 3, 1939, and wherein it has been discovered unexpectedly that lead containing very small percentage amounts of calcium and magnes'ium alloyed therewith produce a lead product possessing greatly improved physical properties.
- the invention provides alloys of lead, calcium and magnesium in which the combined calcium and magnesium content amounts to less than 0.02% of the alloy. While 0.002% to 0.009% each of calcium'and magnesium is preferred, compositions containing magnesium and calcium within the limits of 0.001% to 0.009%, respectively, can be employed.
- lead-magnesium calcium composition Other metals which may be present or added to the lead-magnesium calcium composition are copper, mercury, tin and cadmium, all of which modify the physical properties of the alloy somewhat without adversely affecting the principal physical characteristics of the ternary alloy. Small additions of copper, for instance, may be added to the Ca-Mg lead alloy, to stiiTen the alloy. Tin slightly improves its fluidity and casting properties. Bismuth on the order of 02%. as contained in certain commercial leads, may also be present. The amount of modifying or improvement metal which may be in'corporated'or contained thereinshould preferably be within the approximate limits of .02% to 3% or as a minimum about three or four times the masnesium content.
- the use of the calcium-magnesium-lead base metal modified with approx. 0.06% copper or tin and containing about 0.02% bismuth is recommended.
- Various other metal additions may be made to produce the desired modified product.
- alloy compositions of the present invention may be readily compounded by conventional processes employed by those skilled in the art, as, for example, by simply incorporating the requisite amounts of th alloying constituents in a proper quantity of molten lead. After compounding the new lead alloy it can be used in the manufacture of various articles, for which it is suited, in the conventional manner.
- An alloy consisting of 0.001% to 0.009% calcium, 0.001% to 0.009% magnesium, tin not exceeding 3%, and the balance substantially all lead.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 29, 1942 I ALLOY Albert J. Phillips, Plainficld, and Albert A. Smith,
Jr., Metuchen,
smelting and Refining Company,
N. J., assignors to American New York,
N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application February 28, 1942, Serial No. 432,794
2 Claims.
This invention relates to lead alloys and more particularly to alloys of lead, calcium and magposscss and exhibit are especially useful whereever a soft ductile material having high resistance to fatigue and creep is desired. The leadalloy products of this invention can be used in the manufacture of such lead products as cable sheathing, roofing and the like where the products must withstand considerable bending and shaping.
The invention in its broadest aspect may be said to provide ternary alloys of lead, calcium and magnesium possessing certain highly beneficial physical properties, and alloys comprising a base alloy of lead, calcium and magnesium with at least one additional alloying constituent imparting further desired properties to the alloy while at the same time retaining or enhancing the beneficial physical properties possessed by the base alloy. This invention is a result of further research and experimentation with related lead I alloys, which are the subject of prior patents to Betterton et al. 2,142,835 and 2,142,836 issued January 3, 1939, and wherein it has been discovered unexpectedly that lead containing very small percentage amounts of calcium and magnes'ium alloyed therewith produce a lead product possessing greatly improved physical properties.
Specifically the invention provides alloys of lead, calcium and magnesium in which the combined calcium and magnesium content amounts to less than 0.02% of the alloy. While 0.002% to 0.009% each of calcium'and magnesium is preferred, compositions containing magnesium and calcium within the limits of 0.001% to 0.009%, respectively, can be employed.
Other metals which may be present or added to the lead-magnesium calcium composition are copper, mercury, tin and cadmium, all of which modify the physical properties of the alloy somewhat without adversely affecting the principal physical characteristics of the ternary alloy. Small additions of copper, for instance, may be added to the Ca-Mg lead alloy, to stiiTen the alloy. Tin slightly improves its fluidity and casting properties. Bismuth on the order of 02%. as contained in certain commercial leads, may also be present. The amount of modifying or improvement metal which may be in'corporated'or contained thereinshould preferably be within the approximate limits of .02% to 3% or as a minimum about three or four times the masnesium content.
tive small percentage amounts of calcium and magnesium as compared with common lead and nesium which, by reason of the properties they antimony-lead alloy is shown in the following table:
Creep at 30 C. on rolled sheet Load in Material tested Tensile Percent lbs/sq. lIl.
(lbs/sq. elongation a g in.) in s" c 0.1% per year Common lead 1,800 Alloy containing 4 g r 0 12%"sn 2, 400 00 000 Balance Pb.
Alloy contalning- 0.257008 2, 700 45 800 Balance Pb...
The above data clearly show the improvement in creep resistance and tensile strength which is effected by the addition of very small percentage amounts of calcium and magnesium to lead. The calcium-magnesium-lead alloys containing less than 1%tin are decidedly superior in creep resisting properties than that of 6% antimony-lead metal. A lead alloy containing 0.005% magnesium, 0.004% calcium and 0.25% tin is equal to regular 6-8% antimony leads in general corrosion resistance. For cable purposes the use of the calcium-magnesium-lead base metal modified with approx. 0.06% copper or tin and containing about 0.02% bismuth is recommended. Various other metal additions may be made to produce the desired modified product.
The alloy compositions of the present invention may be readily compounded by conventional processes employed by those skilled in the art, as, for example, by simply incorporating the requisite amounts of th alloying constituents in a proper quantity of molten lead. After compounding the new lead alloy it can be used in the manufacture of various articles, for which it is suited, in the conventional manner.
What is claimed is:
1. An alloy consisting of 0.001% to 0.009% calcium, 0.001% to 0.009% magnesium, tin not exceeding 3%, and the balance substantially all lead.
2. An alloy consisting of 0.001% to 0.009% calcium, 0.001% to 0.009% magnesium, 0.01% to 3% tin, copper not exceeding 3% and the balance substantially all lead.
ALBERT J. PHILLIPS. ALBERT A. SMITH, JR.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US432794A US2306899A (en) | 1942-02-28 | 1942-02-28 | Alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US432794A US2306899A (en) | 1942-02-28 | 1942-02-28 | Alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2306899A true US2306899A (en) | 1942-12-29 |
Family
ID=23717618
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US432794A Expired - Lifetime US2306899A (en) | 1942-02-28 | 1942-02-28 | Alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2306899A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0019945A1 (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1980-12-10 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Lead alloy comprising calcium and magnesium |
-
1942
- 1942-02-28 US US432794A patent/US2306899A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0019945A1 (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1980-12-10 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Lead alloy comprising calcium and magnesium |
| DK156490B (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1989-08-28 | Shell Int Research | BLYLE ALLOYING CONTAINING CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2494736A (en) | Copper base alloy | |
| US2445868A (en) | Copper base alloys | |
| US3146096A (en) | Weldable high strength magnesium base alloy | |
| US2306667A (en) | Alloy | |
| US4072513A (en) | Copper base alloys with high strength and high electrical conductivity | |
| US2306899A (en) | Alloy | |
| US2062448A (en) | Metallic alloy | |
| JPS6158541B2 (en) | ||
| US2109285A (en) | Alloy | |
| US2142835A (en) | Lead alloys | |
| US2317980A (en) | Magnesium-base alloy | |
| JPS61542A (en) | Copper alloy for radiator plate | |
| US2303402A (en) | Alloy | |
| US1568224A (en) | Bearing metal | |
| US2390775A (en) | Brazing alloys | |
| US3357825A (en) | Production of metals | |
| US2719085A (en) | Silver-silicon alloys | |
| US3146095A (en) | Copper base alloys containing iron, aluminum, and zinc | |
| JPS62156242A (en) | Copper-base alloy | |
| US2163369A (en) | Lead alloy | |
| US2305825A (en) | Magnesium alloy | |
| US3147114A (en) | Lead base solder alloy | |
| US2279712A (en) | Magnesium base alloy | |
| US2221258A (en) | Magnesium base alloy | |
| US3508916A (en) | Cu base die casting alloy |