US2305781A - Vacuum electric apparatus - Google Patents

Vacuum electric apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2305781A
US2305781A US233893A US23389338A US2305781A US 2305781 A US2305781 A US 2305781A US 233893 A US233893 A US 233893A US 23389338 A US23389338 A US 23389338A US 2305781 A US2305781 A US 2305781A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
vessel
electric apparatus
pole pieces
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US233893A
Inventor
Helbig Adolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2305781A publication Critical patent/US2305781A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/58Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix
    • H01J25/587Multi-cavity magnetrons

Definitions

  • This invention relates to vacuum electric apparatus, more particularly for generating ultra, short waves, and which comprises generally a split anode of two or more divisions, parts or segments and an incandescible cathode, the magnetic field acting substantially axially of the anode, said cathode being located either on the axis of said anode or without the anode field, the electrode system being contained in a high vacuum tight vessel or container.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of one illustrative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of said embodiment on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • a split anode made in two parts is carried each part by an inwardly projecting radial member la integral with a ring 2, said two, parts being connected together by self-inductances corresponding to about /2 a wave length, all of said separate parts forming with said ring a rigid unit to which is connected a Lecher wire system or exterior circuit 3.
  • the magnet poles are positioned as closely as possible to the anode herein of cylindrical shape in order to obtain for the apparatus the maximum output or power.
  • the wall of the high vacuum tight vessel is drawn in in the direction and symmetrically to the said anode cylinder, and into the recesses thus formed are inserted the magnet pole pieces 1, thus bringing them closely adjacent to said cylinder.
  • Said glass vessel in two parts 4 is melted onto both sides of said ring 2 in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness, said ring forming a wall portion of said vessel and said cups 5 being inserted in the above-mentioned recesses in parts 4 and fastened thereto by molten glass, also in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness, said cups 5 being positioned coaxially with said anode cylinder l and closely adjacent the latter.
  • Said cups 5 may be formed of copper which has the additional value that they act as good heat conductors to carry off the heat from the anode. If desired they may also be provided with cooling ribs 6. As previously stated, the pole pieces I of the magnet are inserted in said copper cups 5 in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness.
  • An incandescible cathode 8 is provided outside of and close to one end of said anode cylinder and may conveniently be carried by one of said copper cups 5, said cup serving also as a conductor for heating current.
  • the other heating current conductor 8a is lead out separately through the wall of said glass vessel.
  • Apparatus embodying applicant's invention has many advantages compared to those heretofore in use. It is compact, simple in construction, stands up well in use and is very efficient, the energy delivered by, or to be derived from the apparatus being very great. Other advantages will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.
  • Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandescible cathode without the anode field; magnet pole pieces; and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode, said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split anode to ensure maximum efiiciency of the apparatus.
  • Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandcscible cathode; a glass, high-vacuum-tlght vessel containing said anode and said cathode and having recesses therein; a magnet pole piece in each recess; and cups made of non-magnetic heat resisting material one in each recess and each cup receiving one of said pole pieces, said cups being positioned in the wall of said vessel coaxially'with and in close proximity to said anode cylinder.
  • Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forma glass, high vacuum-tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode-f andhaving recesses therein; a magnet pole piece in each recessand copper cups one in each recess and each cup receiving one of said pole pieces and positioned in the wall of said vessel coaxially with and in close proximity to said cylinder.
  • Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandescible cathode; magnet pole pieces; and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and said cath0de,'
  • said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from saidsplit anode to ensure maximum efllciency of the apanode to insure maximum eflicieucy of the apparatus, the parts of said vessel in proximity to magnet pole pieces;- and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and saidcathode, said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split anode to ensure maximum efllciency of the apparatus, said cathode being supported in proximity to said anode cylinder by said vessel.
  • Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode comprising two anode segments; an incandescible cathode; a high-vacuum-tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode, said. vessel having recesses in the direction of said anode and receiving magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split paratus; self-inductances connecting said anode segments together, the self-inductance connections between the respective anode segments providing distinct oscillatory circuits; and leads connected to one of said oscillatory circuits.

Landscapes

  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Description

Dec. 22, 1942.
. A. HELBIG 2,305,781
VACUUM ELECTRIC Al- PARATUS Filed Oct. 7, 1938 Patented Dec. 22, 1942 VACUUM ELECTRIC APPARATUS Adolf Helbig, Berlin, Germany; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application October 7, 1938, Serial No. 233,893 In Germany October 8, 1937 6 Claims.
This invention relates to vacuum electric apparatus, more particularly for generating ultra, short waves, and which comprises generally a split anode of two or more divisions, parts or segments and an incandescible cathode, the magnetic field acting substantially axially of the anode, said cathode being located either on the axis of said anode or without the anode field, the electrode system being contained in a high vacuum tight vessel or container.
The invention and its aims and objects will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing of one embodiment of the invention herein given for illustrative purposes, the true scopeof the invention being more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
In the drawing:
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of one illustrative embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of said embodiment on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Referring to the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, a split anode made in two parts is carried each part by an inwardly projecting radial member la integral with a ring 2, said two, parts being connected together by self-inductances corresponding to about /2 a wave length, all of said separate parts forming with said ring a rigid unit to which is connected a Lecher wire system or exterior circuit 3.
In accordance with 'my invention the magnet poles are positioned as closely as possible to the anode herein of cylindrical shape in order to obtain for the apparatus the maximum output or power. To this end the wall of the high vacuum tight vessel is drawn in in the direction and symmetrically to the said anode cylinder, and into the recesses thus formed are inserted the magnet pole pieces 1, thus bringing them closely adjacent to said cylinder. In order to protect the glass of the vessel from being endangered by impact of the electrons, it is preferable to provide cups of non-magnetic heat-resisting material into which said pole pieces are inserted in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness. Said glass vessel in two parts 4 is melted onto both sides of said ring 2 in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness, said ring forming a wall portion of said vessel and said cups 5 being inserted in the above-mentioned recesses in parts 4 and fastened thereto by molten glass, also in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness, said cups 5 being positioned coaxially with said anode cylinder l and closely adjacent the latter. Said cups 5 may be formed of copper which has the additional value that they act as good heat conductors to carry off the heat from the anode. If desired they may also be provided with cooling ribs 6. As previously stated, the pole pieces I of the magnet are inserted in said copper cups 5 in a manner to secure high vacuum tightness.
An incandescible cathode 8 is provided outside of and close to one end of said anode cylinder and may conveniently be carried by one of said copper cups 5, said cup serving also as a conductor for heating current. The other heating current conductor 8a is lead out separately through the wall of said glass vessel.
Apparatus embodying applicant's invention has many advantages compared to those heretofore in use. It is compact, simple in construction, stands up well in use and is very efficient, the energy delivered by, or to be derived from the apparatus being very great. Other advantages will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.
I am aware that my invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and I therefore desire the present embodiment to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being had to the appended claims rather than to the foregoing description to indicate the scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. Vacuum electric apparatus, for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandescible cathode without the anode field; magnet pole pieces; and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode, said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split anode to ensure maximum efiiciency of the apparatus.
2. Vacuum electric apparatus, for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandcscible cathode; a glass, high-vacuum-tlght vessel containing said anode and said cathode and having recesses therein; a magnet pole piece in each recess; and cups made of non-magnetic heat resisting material one in each recess and each cup receiving one of said pole pieces, said cups being positioned in the wall of said vessel coaxially'with and in close proximity to said anode cylinder.
3. Vacuum electric apparatus, for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forma glass, high vacuum-tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode-f andhaving recesses therein; a magnet pole piece in each recessand copper cups one in each recess and each cup receiving one of said pole pieces and positioned in the wall of said vessel coaxially with and in close proximity to said cylinder.
4. Vacuum electric apparatus, for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode forming an anode cylinder; an incandescible cathode; magnet pole pieces; and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and said cath0de,'
said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from saidsplit anode to ensure maximum efllciency of the apanode to insure maximum eflicieucy of the apparatus, the parts of said vessel in proximity to magnet pole pieces;- and a high vacuum tight vessel containing said anode and saidcathode, said vessel having recesses in the direction of and symmetrical to said anode cylinder and receiving said magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split anode to ensure maximum efllciency of the apparatus, said cathode being supported in proximity to said anode cylinder by said vessel.
6. Vacuum electric apparatus for generating ultra short waves, comprising a split anode comprising two anode segments; an incandescible cathode; a high-vacuum-tight vessel containing said anode and said cathode, said. vessel having recesses in the direction of said anode and receiving magnet pole pieces and fixing them at the minimum distance practicable from said split paratus; self-inductances connecting said anode segments together, the self-inductance connections between the respective anode segments providing distinct oscillatory circuits; and leads connected to one of said oscillatory circuits.
ADOLF HELBIG.
US233893A 1937-10-08 1938-10-07 Vacuum electric apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2305781A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE509102X 1937-10-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2305781A true US2305781A (en) 1942-12-22

Family

ID=6547132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US233893A Expired - Lifetime US2305781A (en) 1937-10-08 1938-10-07 Vacuum electric apparatus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2305781A (en)
GB (1) GB509102A (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416899A (en) * 1943-09-24 1947-03-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic discharge device of the magnetron type
US2424805A (en) * 1942-11-13 1947-07-29 Gen Electric High-frequency magnetron
US2437279A (en) * 1942-09-23 1948-03-09 Raytheon Mfg Co High-power microwave discharge tube
US2444419A (en) * 1942-12-24 1948-07-06 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2450893A (en) * 1941-05-17 1948-10-12 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure
US2458802A (en) * 1942-03-30 1949-01-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron assembly and method
US2459195A (en) * 1945-03-03 1949-01-18 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2468576A (en) * 1944-12-14 1949-04-26 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US2476130A (en) * 1945-01-11 1949-07-12 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2508280A (en) * 1944-02-01 1950-05-16 "Patelhold" Patentverwertungs- & Elektro-Holding A.-G. Electron tube
US2530172A (en) * 1945-02-17 1950-11-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ultra high frequency generator
US2538597A (en) * 1946-06-18 1951-01-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2542966A (en) * 1940-08-22 1951-02-20 English Electric Valve Co Ltd High-frequency-electrical oscillator
US2635210A (en) * 1946-03-01 1953-04-14 Millman Sidney Magnetron
US2639403A (en) * 1945-02-27 1953-05-19 Us Sec War Strapped multicavity magnetron
US3989979A (en) * 1974-08-03 1976-11-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Magnetron employing a permanent magnet formed of a manganese-aluminum-carbon system alloy
US4772823A (en) * 1980-12-26 1988-09-20 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic anode and a method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2648028A (en) * 1941-08-22 1953-08-04 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Magnetron
US2417789A (en) * 1941-12-01 1947-03-18 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron anode structure
US2613335A (en) * 1941-12-12 1952-10-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Cavity resonator electronic oscillation generator
US2579593A (en) * 1942-02-09 1951-12-25 Patelhold Patentverwertung Magnetron generator
BE473775A (en) * 1942-10-01
BE474540A (en) * 1942-10-01
FR954569A (en) * 1943-02-02 1950-01-03
US2445447A (en) * 1943-02-06 1948-07-20 Rca Corp Electron discharge device utilizing cavity resonators
BE474796A (en) * 1943-03-26
FR959962A (en) * 1943-04-14 1950-04-07
US2437240A (en) * 1943-06-07 1948-03-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Space discharge device
US2475960A (en) * 1943-08-25 1949-07-12 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2466059A (en) * 1943-09-03 1949-04-05 Raytheon Mfg Co Laminated magnetron
US2454970A (en) * 1943-10-16 1948-11-30 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency electric discharge device
US2473828A (en) * 1943-11-15 1949-06-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2419172A (en) * 1943-11-19 1947-04-15 Rca Corp Electron discharge device having coupled coaxial line resonators
US2482495A (en) * 1943-11-27 1949-09-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2480462A (en) * 1944-01-07 1949-08-30 Western Electric Co Tunable magnetron
US2458142A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-01-04 Rca Corp Electrode assembly for electron discharge devices
US2440851A (en) * 1944-03-08 1948-05-04 Rca Corp Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2465211A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-03-22 Rca Corp Electron discharge device for high frequencies
US2450629A (en) * 1944-03-14 1948-10-05 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency magnetron generator
US2451987A (en) * 1944-03-17 1948-10-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electronic tube for ultra high frequencies
US2595652A (en) * 1944-04-05 1952-05-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coupled cavity resonator
US2419572A (en) * 1944-04-05 1947-04-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2611110A (en) * 1944-04-19 1952-09-16 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2493423A (en) * 1944-05-29 1950-01-03 Rca Corp Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2421636A (en) * 1944-05-29 1947-06-03 Gen Electric Tunable magnetron
US2454031A (en) * 1944-07-29 1948-11-16 Gen Electric Electric discharge device of the magnetron type
US2428193A (en) * 1944-09-23 1947-09-30 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2424576A (en) * 1944-10-19 1947-07-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Oscillator
US2444080A (en) * 1944-10-27 1948-06-29 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2542899A (en) * 1944-11-30 1951-02-20 Raytheon Mfg Co Cavity resonator electron discharge device
US2478534A (en) * 1944-12-13 1949-08-09 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2538087A (en) * 1944-12-26 1951-01-16 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2455952A (en) * 1945-01-09 1948-12-14 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron
US2475646A (en) * 1945-02-22 1949-07-12 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2463524A (en) * 1945-03-10 1949-03-08 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2473567A (en) * 1945-03-20 1949-06-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic discharge device
US2591976A (en) * 1945-03-22 1952-04-08 Rca Corp Electron discharge device utilizing cavity resonators
US2542908A (en) * 1945-04-04 1951-02-20 Raytheon Mfg Co Mechanical tuner for cavity resonators
US2509419A (en) * 1945-04-09 1950-05-30 Raytheon Mfg Co Amplifier of the magnetron type
US2506955A (en) * 1945-05-14 1950-05-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable high-frequency circuits
NL73373C (en) * 1945-06-23
US2450619A (en) * 1945-10-19 1948-10-05 Sonkin Simon Tunable magnetron
US2508576A (en) * 1945-11-09 1950-05-23 Us Sec War Tunable magnetron
US2653259A (en) * 1946-03-29 1953-09-22 Robert C Scott Electron discharge device anode
US2659033A (en) * 1946-03-29 1953-11-10 Milton D Hare Tunable squirrel cage magnetron
US2485401A (en) * 1946-06-04 1949-10-18 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2615143A (en) * 1946-07-17 1952-10-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron electron discharge device
GB643655A (en) * 1946-09-03 1950-09-27 Amherst Felix Home Thomson Improvements in or relating to magnetron electron discharge devices
US2553425A (en) * 1948-03-13 1951-05-15 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2828444A (en) * 1948-04-10 1958-03-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Cavity magnetron
GB668141A (en) * 1950-08-17 1952-03-12 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements relating to magnetrons
GB703172A (en) * 1951-01-11 1954-01-27 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to magnetrons

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542966A (en) * 1940-08-22 1951-02-20 English Electric Valve Co Ltd High-frequency-electrical oscillator
US2450893A (en) * 1941-05-17 1948-10-12 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure
US2458802A (en) * 1942-03-30 1949-01-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron assembly and method
US2437279A (en) * 1942-09-23 1948-03-09 Raytheon Mfg Co High-power microwave discharge tube
US2424805A (en) * 1942-11-13 1947-07-29 Gen Electric High-frequency magnetron
US2444419A (en) * 1942-12-24 1948-07-06 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2416899A (en) * 1943-09-24 1947-03-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic discharge device of the magnetron type
US2508280A (en) * 1944-02-01 1950-05-16 "Patelhold" Patentverwertungs- & Elektro-Holding A.-G. Electron tube
US2468576A (en) * 1944-12-14 1949-04-26 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US2476130A (en) * 1945-01-11 1949-07-12 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2530172A (en) * 1945-02-17 1950-11-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ultra high frequency generator
US2639403A (en) * 1945-02-27 1953-05-19 Us Sec War Strapped multicavity magnetron
US2459195A (en) * 1945-03-03 1949-01-18 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2635210A (en) * 1946-03-01 1953-04-14 Millman Sidney Magnetron
US2538597A (en) * 1946-06-18 1951-01-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US3989979A (en) * 1974-08-03 1976-11-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Magnetron employing a permanent magnet formed of a manganese-aluminum-carbon system alloy
US4772823A (en) * 1980-12-26 1988-09-20 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic anode and a method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB509102A (en) 1939-07-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2305781A (en) Vacuum electric apparatus
US2412824A (en) Magnetron
US2144222A (en) Electron discharge device
US2084867A (en) Magnetically biased electron discharge device
GB592348A (en) Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
US2128237A (en) Vacuum discharge tube
US2406277A (en) High-frequency electric discharge device
US2404212A (en) Magnetron
US2406276A (en) Electric discharge device
GB672766A (en) Magnetrons
US2128235A (en) Vacuum discharge tube
US1978021A (en) Ultrashort wave system
US2416899A (en) Electronic discharge device of the magnetron type
US2485401A (en) Magnetron
US2443179A (en) Electrical apparatus
US2523049A (en) Water-cooled multicircuit magnetron
US2542899A (en) Cavity resonator electron discharge device
US3801846A (en) X-ray tube with a rotary anode
US2282856A (en) Magnetron oscillator
US2513920A (en) Fluid-cooled electric discharge device
US2437279A (en) High-power microwave discharge tube
US2444418A (en) High-frequency electronic device
US2680827A (en) Means for transferring power to and from magnetrons
US2130510A (en) Electron discharge device
GB609712A (en) Electron discharge devices