US2302929A - Stove and furnace construction - Google Patents

Description

W. F. ALLEN Nov. 24, 1942.

I STQVE AND FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 19, 1940 s Sheets -Sheet .1

15 RAANWNWINWNNNWWAAAAAAM lllul Nov. 24, 1942. w. F. ALLEN STOVE AND FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed :Dec. 19, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet, 2

Nov. 24, 1942. N w. F. ALLEN- 2,302,929

STOVE AND FURNACE CONSTRUCTION I Filed Dec. 19, 1 940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 fi zl/zavzfjilsva,

atented Nov. 24, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

The invention relates to stoves and furnaces generally, and has for an object to present an improved construction intended particularly for use in burning coal or other fuel adapted to be used in a similar way.

It is the cardinal object of the invention t present a stove of this character which will be especially'eillcient incombustion of all fuel elements of coal and other. solid fuels, especially where there is a more or less volatile element in the fuel which is given off at temperatures below that of combustion, which in prior stoves tends to become lost and passes up the chimney.

Another important object of the invention is to present a stove of the hopper feed type which isadapted. to contain or accommodate a very large supp y of fuel in proportion to the bulk of Figure is a fragmentary sectional view illus-- trating the relationship of the tile and lining sections when installed in the stove.

Figure 11 is a side-elevation of a modified form of stove, embodying a radiator.

Figure- 12 is a top plan view thereof.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical sectional view.

fuel actually in course of combustion and to present novel means for insuring utilization of the more volatileelements by bringing them into contact with combustion supporting gases at the highest possible temperatures, thus insuring a high efficiency in combustion.

, More specifically, it is an object of the inventlon'to feed secondary air to the top of the fuel chamber after refueling, by means of novel construction of channels, for complete combustion of gases. 4

It is another important object of the invention to present a simple construction of hopper placed with a minimum of effort.

Additional'obiects, advantages and features of invention reside in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts, involved in the embodiment of the invention, as will be more readily understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation of a stove constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical section taken at right angles to Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2. p

Figure 4 15 a cross section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is aperspective view of the tile sec-.

tions employed in the stove.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the cast linings employed.

Figure 7 illustrates plan views of a pair of tile members as constructed for use in the stove. Figure 8 is a plan view of one of the cast lining members.

Figure 9 is a perspective view thereof.

:80 in which the parts may be assembled or re-' Figure 14 is a cross section on the line M-ll of Figure 13. Attention is first invited to Figures 1 and} of the drawings, wherein there is shown a stove it having a steel casing H of any suitable diameter and height,.which will vary, of course, with the particular requirements, since the stove may be made in various sizes.

The casing ll includes a base I2 and a top.

headl3, the latter having a swingable closure l4 permitting filling of the stove with fuel, as will be described. Any suitable number of legs it are secured to the base-l2, and in the present instance, the legs are provided with right angular flange portions I6 adapted'to lie flush beneath the base.

A grate rest support I1 is positioned within the casing ll resting upon the base l2, as clearly shown in Figure 2.

The stove, in the present instance, has been shown as cylindrical, although this construction is not arbitrary, and the support II, it will be noted, has upper and lower inturned flangesv l8. At suitable points the lower flange I! will have apertures aligned with apertures of the base and the flange IQ of respective legs for reception of bolts I9. Thus the legs, base and support are firmly secured together. T

As shown in Figure, 2, the support I! is of aheight to support a grate rest '20 above the base l2 forming an ash chamber 2|, and in order that access may be had to-the chamber, the support and easing are formed with aligned openings 22. A suitable door 22 including a damper 24 is swingably mounted to the casing, as at 25, for closing the openings.

The grate rest support I! has formed at its upper edge a plurality of spaced openings, and since the grate rest 20 is laid flush upon the upper edge 01 the support l1, the rest 20 will also include openings 26' in registry with the open- The grate rest 20 has a circumscribing upstanding rib 28, spaced inwardly from the casing ll I which functions for. support of vertically arranged tile members 29, the tile members having a thickness to snugly fit between the rib 23 and the casing I I.

For an understanding of the construction of the tile members 29, attention is now directed to Figure of the drawings. It will be seen that the tile members are shaped to snugly abut the casing II, the outer face of each tile having a lon gitudinal groove 30 extending the full length of the tile, and when the tile members are arranged within the casing, the groove of the tile members are to be aligned with the openings 24 and 26' as shown in Figure 2.

The tile members 29 each have a rabbeted portion 3| at their upper ends forming an upstanding rib 32 outwardly offset with respect to the inner face of the tile members. Each of the tile members 29 are identical in construction with the exception of four, indicated at 33 and 34, and .these are arranged in pairs, preferably at diametrically opposite sides of the assembled tile members within the casing, as clearly shown in Figure 4. Each of the tile members 33 and 34 are formed with laterally extended recesses 33, terminating inwardly of the vertical edge of the tile, and each being positioned at the same height (see Fig. 2).

plates 31, positioned throughout the length of the spacers 36 except at the point opposite the recesses 35, where they are omitted. The combined thickness of the spacer and bames is less than one-half the thickness of the tile members and there is thus provided a pair of channels extending from the grate to the top of the tiles. It should be noted also that the tile members 33 and 34 are constructed as rights and lefts and when assembled with the spacer forma crossshaped channel.

The structure thus far set forth describes the construction of the fire-box proper, and in order that gases may be drawn to the top of the fuel pockets 45 and 43 are formed, extending in opposite directions. These pockets have a depth in the'direction of the outer face, the function of which will be explained hereinafter. Between the flanges 43 baille plates 41 are provided, there being two in the present instance, one below each of the interruptions 44 of the flanges. The casting is formed with a plurality of secondary air openings 43 adjacent its upper edge immediately beneath the flange 43.

It will be apparent that by the provision of alternately disposed ears 4| and 42 the sections maybe readily interlocked one with the other, and when so arranged the flanges 43 will firmly abut the casing II, the lower edge of the sections will thus be in position to seat within the rib 32 of the tile sections, and the sections 33 will bemalntained in firm spaced relation with respect to the casing.

, fire has been made upon the grate 21 ascus- -are provided with spaced, right angular baiile within the stove for ignition, it is necessary to provide a supply of secondary air as well as combustible gases to such area, and this is carried out in the provision of a second air chamber, generally indicated by the reference character 33, the construction of which will now be described.

As shown in Figures 2 and 6, the chamber is formed from a plurality of interlocked sections 39 spaced fromthe casing, and since these sections are of identical construction, a description of one will sufilce, and attention is now invited particularly to Figures 8 and 9. The section 3! is formed as a casting, of arcuate formation so that when the several sections are interlocked within the shell, theywill conform therewith.

The upper edge of the section has an outwardly tomary, after which the fuel is deposited through the filling door l4, and preferably the stove will accommodate 110 pounds of coal or other fuel.

Obviously with such a large amount of coal or other fuel in the stove, burning of the entire mass is not practical, and it is therefore necessary that the fire on the grate function solely as a means for releasing combustible gases from the fuel, and these with the secondary air are ignited above the fuel line within the stove. When the fuel is first deposited in the stove there is a short period of coking of the fuel by reason of the flre on the grate, the fuel emitting a white smoke which continues for a period of flve or ten minutes more or less. The damper 24 being open, secondary air is drawn into the secondary chamber and discharged into the combustion chamber where it mixes with the smoke and gases and then ignited. Upon ignition of the gases, the damper 24 may be closed or partly so, for control of the fire on the grate, and secondary air then admitted by way of the damper 43. By supp y such a large amount of, fuel at each filling of the stove, the stove will function for a long period of time without further attention. The specific passage of secondary air will now be set forth.

Under normal operation the secondary air supply from the ash pit by way of the damper 24 is sufllcient, but in cold weather when a hotter fire is required, additional secondary air may be admitted into the secondary air chamber 33 by way of the damper 49.

Secondary air is drawn upwardly through the openings 23 and 26' and the groove 33 of the tile members and flnally discharging into'the chamber 38. From the chamber 33 the air passes through the openings 43 into the combustion chamber above the fuel.

After refueling of the stove therels a period of coking of the fuel, liberating gases, and while these gases have a tendency to flow upwardly to the top of the fuel level, the large amount of fuel retards such passage, but the provision of the pair of channels between the tile members.

' 33-34, as well as the channelsin the cast secopposite each of the interruptions, respective .tlon 39, provides for free passage of gases. The pockets 3!, 45 and 43 function to divert gases to the channels of the tile members and cast sections respectively, while the baffle plates 31 and 41 retard a too rapid passage of the gases. as well as prevent fuel from flllingup the channels.

It will thus be seen that the secondary air emitted through the openings 48 will support combustion of the gases above the fuel, in the form of a circular ring of flame with elimination of smoke.

In order. that heat may not pass through the flue 50, a bafile plate 5| is providedproiecting inwardly over the major portion oi the flue opening. l -4 I In Figures 11 to 14, I';have illustrated an attachment which may be readily incorporated] with the stove structure described toincrease the heating efliclency.

In this instance the stove w is provided with I a'cast frame 60 suitably secured thereto, of a' depth and width to enclose a radiator ll. The

and iurnace structurespecitlcally, this is by way of illustration only, and I consider as my own all suchmodifications in structure as fairly fall" within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:-

1. A heating unit comprising an outer shell having a base anda t0p,the latter having a fuel feed closure, a grate support on the base, a grate supported thereon above the base defining an ashpit, controllable draft means for'the ashpit, a

plurality of tile members within the shell in abut- ,tlng relation thereto defining a fire-pot, said tile members being in edgewise abutting relation ex=- cent at two diametrically opposite points where the tile members are separated, a spacer member between said separated tile members, balile plates on the spacer member and at right angles thereto, the tile members adjacent each vertical edge of the spacer member having a laterally extended pocket, a secondary air. chamber above the tile members and supported upon the upper edge thereof, said'chamber comprising a plurality of interlocked sections, each of which includesan' outwardly tumed flange tor abutting relation with the shell, and each of said sections further having a vertically-disposed channel provided with at least one laterally extended pocket, baflle plates in the channel, certain of the Tchannels 'being in alignment with the spaced tile members, air passageways between the'ashplt and the secondary air chamber and said sections deiining the chamber having a plurality. of air port adjacent their upper parts.

2; A heating unit comprising outer shell 'havingabaseandtonagratespacedabovethe base, tile members within the shell defining a tire-pot, a secondary air chamber in spaced rein 4 tion to the casing and supported above and by,

said tile members, said tile members being constructed and arranged to provide a pair-oi vertical channels having spaced horizontal baifles ot'a depth less than the each channel" having lateral oppositely disposed pockets, said secondary air chamber being provided with a multiplicity of vertically disposed channels, each of said channels havlnl laterally disposed pock- I ate and vertically. spaced horizontal bames, the

. baflles being of less depth than the channels, the

channels of said tllemembers being aligned with certain of the channels oi! the secondary air chamber. v a

Images