US2277516A - Method and apparatus for frequency changing - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for frequency changing Download PDF

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Publication number
US2277516A
US2277516A US252030A US25203039A US2277516A US 2277516 A US2277516 A US 2277516A US 252030 A US252030 A US 252030A US 25203039 A US25203039 A US 25203039A US 2277516 A US2277516 A US 2277516A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mosaic
electron
scanned
plate
scanning
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Expired - Lifetime
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US252030A
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English (en)
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Henroteau Francois Char Pierre
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/66—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for reducing bandwidth of signals; for improving efficiency of transmission
    • H04B1/662—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for reducing bandwidth of signals; for improving efficiency of transmission using a time/frequency relationship, e.g. time compression or expansion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/58—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output
    • H01J31/60—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen
    • H01J31/62—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen with separate reading and writing rays
    • H01J31/64—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen with separate reading and writing rays on opposite sides of screen, e.g. for conversion of definition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/18—Time-division multiplex systems using frequency compression and subsequent expansion of the individual signals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of frequency changing and to apparatus adapted for the carrying out of such method.
  • the method of the invention comprises modulating an electron releasing beam in accordance with a signal, causing the modulated beam to scan a surface capable of electron emission, projecting the electrons emitted from such surface on a mosaic capable of electron emission and scanning the mosaic at a speed different from that at which the surface was scanned.
  • mosaic meaning here and elsewhere in this specification a multitude of mutually insulated tiny conducting elements, as used in many systems of television; and scannin as likewise used herein is intended to mean that electrons from a single source are directed at a number of different points on some other element successively.
  • the method may be used to permit the transmission of a number of contemporaneous messages (this term to be understood in a general sense as including any intelligence or any portion of any intelligence, such as sound or pictures or writing, which may be represented by electrical vibrations) through a single transmission channel by condensing them in duration during transmission.
  • each of a number of electron releasing beams is modulated in accordance with a different message, the modulated beams are caused to scan simultaneously different areas of the surface capable of electron emission, the electrons emitted from each diflerent area of such surface are projected on a different area of the mosaic, and the whole of the latter is scanned in a time at the most equal to the time occupied in the scanning of an area of the surface capable of electron emission.
  • the mosaic is scanned at a lower speed than that at which the surface was scanned, then the method may be used for transmitting messages by wireless in such a way as to render possible the reduction of static noises in the reproduction of such messages at a receiver.
  • one electron beam is modulated in accordance with the message to be transmitted and is caused to scan the whole of the surface capable of electron emission, while different equal sized areas of the mosaic are scanned simultaneously at a sub-multiple of the speed of scanning of the surface at the most equal to the number of such areas, and the signals resulting from the scanning of each such area are collected.
  • Apparatus comprises an envelope containing a member capable of electron emission and a mosaic also capable of electron emission, means for causing each of a number of different areas of one of the elements (i. e., the member or the mosaic) contained in the cell to be scanned by a different electron releasing beam, and means for causing the whole of the other such element to be scanned by one electron releasing beam.
  • the apparatus may be constructed with the member capable of electron emission and the mosaic spaced apart, with the surfaces thereof which are scanned facing each other.
  • an accelerating anode between the member and the mosaic and an electronic lens, for example, a condensing coil surrounding the anode to focus on the mosaic electrons emitted from the member capable of electron emission.
  • the latter member may be disposed immediately adjacent to the mosaic, preferably in the form of a grid the bars of which extend in the direction in which scanning is effected, the electron releasing beam or beams intended for the scanning of the grid being arranged to strike it at such an angle that no such beam can strike the mosaic.
  • Figure 2 shows the same form with the mosaic adapted to be scanned by a number of such beams
  • Figure 3 shows a different form of the invention with the mosaic adapted to be scanned by a number of electron beams
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged detailed cross section of a part of the construction shown in Figure 3.
  • the apparatus comprises an envelope l containing a plate 2 capable of electron emission and a mosaic 3 also capable of electron emission and mounted on an insulating plate 4 backed by a conducting signal plate 5 connected to a transmitter.
  • a plate 2 capable of electron emission
  • a mosaic 3 also capable of electron emission and mounted on an insulating plate 4 backed by a conducting signal plate 5 connected to a transmitter.
  • Associated with the plate 2 are a number of conventionally indicated electron guns 1 each mounted in a separate pocket 6 formed in the end of the cell nearest to the plate.
  • Cooperating with each gun is a modulating electrode l0 and the usual pairs of deflecting plates l I and I2.
  • an electron gun l3 At the opposite end of the envelope associated with the mosaic 3 is an electron gun l3 with which cooperate pairs of deflecting plates 8 and 9.
  • an accelerating anode Surrounding this anode on the outside 01 the envelope is an electronic lens in the form of a condensing coil I5 acting to focus on the mosaic 3 electrons emitted from the plate 2.
  • Fig. 2 The construction of Fig. 2 is substantially the reverse of that of Fig. 1.
  • one electron gun 1a with which cooperates a modulating electrode Illa is associated with the plate 2
  • a number of electron guns l3a are associated with the mosaic 3.
  • the mosaic 3 instead of being backed by a single signal plate is backed by a number of signal plates l6, each of which is behind an area of the mosaic adapted to be scanned by one electron releasing beam and each of which is connected to a separate transmitter.
  • each modulating electrode I0 is supplied with electrical oscillations corresponding to a different message so that the beam produced by each gun I is modulated in accordance with a different message.
  • the deflecting potentials applied to the difierent pairs of plates II and I2 are such as to cause each beam to scan an area of the plate 2 extending over the full width of the plate but only over a fraction of its height, as is clear from the dotted lines in the drawing.
  • the deflecting plates l2 may in fact be omitted if desired, in which case each beam scans the plate only along a horizontal line, the thickness of which is determined by the cross section of the beam.
  • the electrode Illa is supplied with oscillations corresponding to the message to be transmitted and the beam from the gun 1a is thus modulated accordingly.
  • beam is caused to scan the whole of the plate 2, and electrons emitted from this plate are, as in Fig. 1, caused to strike the mosaic 3 at positions corresponding to those from which they were emitted from the plate. Different areas of the The modulated.
  • Reception of a number of contemporaneous messages sent through the same transmission channel with apparatus of Fig. 1, is effected with the apparatus of Fig. 2.
  • the incoming signal, carrying in succession fragments of different messages, is applied to the modulating electrode 10a, and the signal plates iii are connected to receivers for the several individual messages.
  • Reception of a message transmitted with the help of the apparatus of Fig. 2, is efiected with the apparatus of Fig. l.
  • the incoming signals, each carrying low frequency fragments of the message are applied to the control electrodes l0, and the message is reconstituted at its original frequency by the rapid scanning of the mosaic 3.
  • the number of signal plates l6 and elec tron guns I3a must, of course, correspond to the number of electron guns I, and the scanning by the plates II and I2 must be synchronized with that by the plates 8a and 9a, while that by the plates 8 and 9 must be synchronized with that by plates Ha and In.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 a modification of the apparatus of the invention is illustrated.
  • the member capable of electron emission is disposed immediately adjacent to the mosaic 3 rather than some distance away from and facing it as in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the member is in the form of a grid I1, the bars l8 of which extend substantially parallel to the lines along which it is scanned (i. e. horizontally as shown in Fig. 3).
  • the electron gun 1a is in such a position and directs its beam at such an angle that as shown in Fig. 4, the beam effectively scans the grid, but the latter forms ascreen to prevent the beam from striking the mosaic 3.
  • the electron guns l3a of which there may, of course, be more than the three shown, instead of being disposed at an angle to the mosaic as in Fig. 2 are arranged in the side of the envelope opposite to it so that the beams which they produce can reach the mosaic directly between the bars of the grid.
  • An electrode l9 may be used in certain circumstances to aid in controlling the'movements of the electrons emitted by the electron releasing beams.
  • the operation of the device shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is basically the same as that of the devices of Figs. 1 and 2. Electrons emitted from the grid I! under the influence of the electron releasing beam from the electron gun 1a are attracted to the closely adjacent mosaic. Different areas of the latter are scanned by beams from different electron guns l3a, and the electrons thus emitted are collected by the electrode is.
  • both the plate or grid and the elements of the mosaic might have coatings of photoelectric material, and light beams be used instead of electron beams.
  • the areas of the plate 2 or the grid scanned by beams from the electron guns I need not all be of equal size.
  • the area covered by the beam modulated by picture currents might be, say, ten or more times that covered by the sound current modulated beam. The result of this would simply be that the frequency of transmission of the picture currents would be negligibly increased while that of the transmission of the sound currents would be very greatly increased.
  • Apparatus for use in the electrical transmission of messages comprising an envelope containing two physically separate elements, namely a member capable of electron emission and a mosaic also capable of electron emission, means for causing each of a number of different areas of one of said elements to be scanned by a different electron releasing beam, means for causing the whole of the other of said elements to be scanned by one electron releasing beam, and means for collecting on the mosaic the electrons emitted from the member capable of electron emission under the influence of the scanning.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the element the whole of which is scanned by one electron releasing beam is the member capable of electron emission.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the element the whole of which is scanned by one electron releasing beam is the mosaic.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the element the whole of which is scanned by one electron releasing beam is the member capable of electron emission, and comprising a conducting signal plate for each area of the mosaic scanned by a separate electron releasing beam arranged in close capacitative relation to such comprise an accelerating anode and an electronic lens between said member and said mosaic.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the member capable of electron emission and the mosaic are spaced apart and the surfaces thereof which are scanned face each other, and the means for collecting electrons on the mosaic comprise a condensing coil acting as an electronic lens between said member and said mosaic.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the member capable of electron emission is in the form of a grid, and is disposed immediately adjacent to the mosaic.
  • the member capable of electron emission is in the form of a grid, the bars of which extend in the direction in which scanning is effected, and is disposed immediately adjacent to the mosaic.
  • the member capable of electron emission is in the form of a grid, the bars of which extend in the direction in which scanning is effected, and is disposed immediately adjacent to the mosaic on the side thereof which is scanned, and in which the grid is scanned at such an angle that no electron releasing beam scanning it can strike the mosaic.
  • Apparatus for use in the electrical transmission of messages comprising an envelope containing a mosaic capable of electron emission, means for causing each of a number of different areas of said mosaic to be scanned by a different beam of electrons, and means for causing the whole of said mosaic to be scanned by one beam of electrons having a speed substantially difierent from the speed of the electrons of the first mentioned beams.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
US252030A 1938-01-20 1939-01-20 Method and apparatus for frequency changing Expired - Lifetime US2277516A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2277516X 1938-01-20

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US430312A Expired - Lifetime US2367277A (en) 1938-01-20 1942-02-10 Method and apparatus for frequency changing

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416914A (en) * 1943-07-30 1947-03-04 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2434698A (en) * 1944-02-15 1948-01-20 John H Homrighous Time division multiplex telephone system
US2451632A (en) * 1944-02-24 1948-10-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Control voltage means in pulse receiver
US2459131A (en) * 1946-09-24 1949-01-11 Rca Corp Electronic distributor for multiplex pulse communication systems
US2472889A (en) * 1946-12-17 1949-06-14 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Photovision
US2499844A (en) * 1947-01-16 1950-03-07 Philco Corp Receiver for pulse-position-modulation systems
US2499534A (en) * 1950-03-07 A sorber
US2510070A (en) * 1945-05-18 1950-06-06 Farnsworth Res Corp Television scanning system
US2517265A (en) * 1947-07-18 1950-08-01 Wald George Multichannel television system
US2532719A (en) * 1944-10-16 1950-12-05 John H Homrighous Dimensional radio communication system
US2559661A (en) * 1947-04-02 1951-07-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Multichannel electrical pulse communication system
US2580685A (en) * 1949-12-30 1952-01-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Color television with reduced band width
US2588380A (en) * 1945-08-03 1952-03-11 Jr William W Cargill Method and apparatus for transmitting intelligence by radio waves
US2608617A (en) * 1950-06-14 1952-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Television converter system
US2612634A (en) * 1944-10-19 1952-09-30 Rca Corp Angular modulation
US2719879A (en) * 1950-02-20 1955-10-04 Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh Telecommunication device
DE940656C (de) * 1950-02-20 1956-03-22 Normalzeit G M B H Einrichtung zur UEbertragung mehrerer gleichzeitiger Nachrichten ueber einen Kanal
DE1033272B (de) * 1953-02-12 1958-07-03 Deutsche Bundespost Verfahren zum Veraendern der Frequenz von elektrischen Schwingungen der Nachrichtentechnik
US2900445A (en) * 1952-01-26 1959-08-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Increase of image contrast with television pickup tube
US2907818A (en) * 1951-07-23 1959-10-06 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Magnetic recording of television signals
US2948779A (en) * 1943-12-16 1960-08-09 James L Russell Scrambling system
US3180932A (en) * 1963-02-19 1965-04-27 Gen Precision Inc Equal-area simultaneous display of remotely located television cameras' signals on a single monitor screen and synchronization of same

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563500A (en) * 1951-08-07 Plural beam tube
US2454652A (en) * 1943-06-26 1948-11-23 Rca Corp Cathode-ray storage tube
US2481458A (en) * 1943-10-12 1949-09-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cathode-ray device
US2538869A (en) * 1946-03-14 1951-01-23 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Stereophonic sound
US2553245A (en) * 1946-06-04 1951-05-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic tracing system
FR957706A (it) * 1946-12-26 1950-02-24
FR954923A (it) * 1947-10-16 1950-01-06
FR955629A (it) * 1947-10-28 1950-01-18
US2587005A (en) * 1947-10-29 1952-02-26 Rca Corp Signal conversion system
US2689301A (en) * 1947-10-31 1954-09-14 Nat Union Radio Corp Arrangement for storing intelligence signals electronically

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2499534A (en) * 1950-03-07 A sorber
US2416914A (en) * 1943-07-30 1947-03-04 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2948779A (en) * 1943-12-16 1960-08-09 James L Russell Scrambling system
US2434698A (en) * 1944-02-15 1948-01-20 John H Homrighous Time division multiplex telephone system
US2451632A (en) * 1944-02-24 1948-10-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Control voltage means in pulse receiver
US2532719A (en) * 1944-10-16 1950-12-05 John H Homrighous Dimensional radio communication system
US2612634A (en) * 1944-10-19 1952-09-30 Rca Corp Angular modulation
US2510070A (en) * 1945-05-18 1950-06-06 Farnsworth Res Corp Television scanning system
US2588380A (en) * 1945-08-03 1952-03-11 Jr William W Cargill Method and apparatus for transmitting intelligence by radio waves
US2459131A (en) * 1946-09-24 1949-01-11 Rca Corp Electronic distributor for multiplex pulse communication systems
US2472889A (en) * 1946-12-17 1949-06-14 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Photovision
US2499844A (en) * 1947-01-16 1950-03-07 Philco Corp Receiver for pulse-position-modulation systems
US2559661A (en) * 1947-04-02 1951-07-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Multichannel electrical pulse communication system
US2517265A (en) * 1947-07-18 1950-08-01 Wald George Multichannel television system
US2580685A (en) * 1949-12-30 1952-01-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Color television with reduced band width
US2719879A (en) * 1950-02-20 1955-10-04 Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh Telecommunication device
DE940656C (de) * 1950-02-20 1956-03-22 Normalzeit G M B H Einrichtung zur UEbertragung mehrerer gleichzeitiger Nachrichten ueber einen Kanal
US2608617A (en) * 1950-06-14 1952-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Television converter system
US2907818A (en) * 1951-07-23 1959-10-06 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Magnetic recording of television signals
US2900445A (en) * 1952-01-26 1959-08-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Increase of image contrast with television pickup tube
DE1033272B (de) * 1953-02-12 1958-07-03 Deutsche Bundespost Verfahren zum Veraendern der Frequenz von elektrischen Schwingungen der Nachrichtentechnik
US3180932A (en) * 1963-02-19 1965-04-27 Gen Precision Inc Equal-area simultaneous display of remotely located television cameras' signals on a single monitor screen and synchronization of same

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Publication number Publication date
US2367277A (en) 1945-01-16
BE425884A (it)
BE426748A (it)

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