US2518434A - Electron discharge device such as a television transmitting tube - Google Patents
Electron discharge device such as a television transmitting tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2518434A US2518434A US777975A US77797547A US2518434A US 2518434 A US2518434 A US 2518434A US 777975 A US777975 A US 777975A US 77797547 A US77797547 A US 77797547A US 2518434 A US2518434 A US 2518434A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- conducting
- discharge device
- sheet
- electron discharge
- television transmitting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/26—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output
- H01J31/28—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output with electron ray scanning the image screen
- H01J31/30—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output with electron ray scanning the image screen having regulation of screen potential at anode potential, e.g. iconoscope
- H01J31/32—Tubes with image amplification section, e.g. image-iconoscope, supericonoscope
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S313/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices
- Y10S313/07—Bombardment induced conductivity
Definitions
- This invention relates to electron discharge devices 'such as television transmitting tubes of the kind comprising a double-sided target electrode, a photo electric cathode so arranged that photo-electrons can be projected on to said tara mosaic screen formed on an insulated conducting mesh the apertures of which are provided with conducting elements. If no such mosaic screen is employed and the target electrode is formed in a different manner, then the recurring patternis usually reintroduced in the form of a signal plate consisting of a mesh disposed in close proximity to the target electrode.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an improved electron discharge device of the kind described which avoids the use of a structure havingja regularly recurring pattern, such as a grid or grill, in or close to the target electrode.
- an electron discharge device of the kind described wherein said target electrode comprises a sh'eetpf .semi 'conducting material provided with an insulating film on theside from which the said electron image is projected, and on said insulating film a conducting layer is provided, the arrangement being such that photo-electrons from said photo-cathode can: be (projected through said conducting layeiz-and" insulating film so as to charge said sheet of semi-conducting .material, and that said sheet can then be dischargedsby scanning with said beam of electrons from said other side thereof, scanning of said side serving to generate signals capacitively in said conducting layer.
- fsheetof sem' conducting material used herein and in the claims is intended to mean a sheet of material having a very high specific resistivity and such that the resistance between opposite points on the surfaces of the sheet is small in relation to the resistance between centres of adjacent elemental areas of the surfaces, the size of these elemental areas being effectively determined by the spot size of the from.2.10 to 10 ohm ems.
- resistivities giving satisfactory results lie within therange
- the range may however, vary for difierent'applications of the invention.
- the double-sided target electrode of the tube comprises a thin sheet I of semi-conducting material of very high specific resistivity.
- the material emconducting glass is approximately 0.001-0.002"
- the conducting layer 3 is capacitatively associated with the sheet of conducting glass 2.
- the television transmitting tube illustrated is of the kind having a photo-electric cathode and an optical system, indicated diagrammati cally at 6, is arranged to focus an optical image of the object for transmission on to the cathode 5.
- the cathode emits a photo-electron image corresponding to the optical image, and this photo-electron image is then focussed by the electrode 1 and accelerated to such .a velocity that the electrons can penetrate the thin conducting layer 3 and the insulating film 2, and reach the conducting glass sheet I.
- the photo-electron image may be focussed magnetically, or the photo-electric cathode may be disposed so close to the thin conducting layer that no separate focussing means is required.
- an electron gun structure 3 which generates a beam 9 which can be caused to scan the surface of the conducting glass remote from the cathode 5 by magnetic deflecting coils indicated diagrammatically at I! and H, the, aXes of the coils being disposed at right angles to the axis of the tube.
- the deflecting coils are supplied in known manner with sawtooth waveform currents of line and frame frequency respectively from conventional scanning generators indicated in 'block form at. I3 and i4 and they serve to deflect the beam 8 in mutually Perpendicular directions.
- the beam is accelerated by applying appropriate potentials to the second anode Ill so that the beam has a velocity of the order of 1000 volts when scanning the conducting glass.
- the screen may, for example, be scanned 50 times per. second, each scan having 202 lines and alternate scans beinginterlaced. Representative potentials such as may be applied to the electrodes or" the tube are indicated in the drawing.
- This .layer '3 thus forms the signal plate of the screen and is connectedto a resistance I 6 across which picture signals are developed.
- An electron discharge device such as a television transmission tube comprising a target electrode, a photoelectric cathode disposed at one :side of said target electrode, means disposed at the other side of .said target electrode for generating a beam of electrons for scanning said target electrode, said target electrode comprisingasheet-of semi-conducting material provided with an insulating film on the side disposed towards said photoelectric cathode and a conductive layer on said insulating film, and means for setting up a potential field between said photoelectric cathode and said conducting layer to cause photoelectrons released from said photoelectric cathode to be projected through said conductinglayer and said insulating said conducting layer being capacitively associated with said sheet of semi-conducting material, whereby scanning of said .sheet from said other side thereof will generate signals capac'itively in said conducting layer.
- An electron discharge device comprising an acceleratingelectrode between said photoelectric cathode and said target electrode.
- Television transmitting apparatus comprising a television transmission tube including a target structure, ,a photoelectric cathode at one side of said target structure, an electron gun at the, other side of said target structure, said target structure comprising .a sheet of semiconducting material provided with an insulating film on the side disposed towards, said photoelectric cathode and a conducting layer on said insulating film, the apparatus.
Landscapes
- Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
Description
k 1950 v H a. LUBSIZYNSKI 2,518,4
ELECTRbN DISCHARGE DEVICE SUCH AS TELEVISION TRANSMITTING TUBES Filed Oct. 4, 1947 INVENTOR HANS 'GERHARD Luaszwvskl ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 8, 1950 Hans Gerhard Lubszynskij Northwood, England, assignor to Electric & Musical Industries Lim- UNITED, STATE 1 ited, Hayes, Middlesex, England, a company of GreatBritaimg Application cause 4, 194i, Serial No.l77,9"75
' I In Great Britain July12, 1945 Sectiond, Public. Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires July 12,1965
' scr ams. (01. 250-464) I This invention relates to electron discharge devices 'such as television transmitting tubes of the kind comprising a double-sided target electrode, a photo electric cathode so arranged that photo-electrons can be projected on to said tara mosaic screen formed on an insulated conducting mesh the apertures of which are provided with conducting elements. If no such mosaic screen is employed and the target electrode is formed in a different manner, then the recurring patternis usually reintroduced in the form of a signal plate consisting of a mesh disposed in close proximity to the target electrode.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved electron discharge device of the kind described which avoids the use of a structure havingja regularly recurring pattern, such as a grid or grill, in or close to the target electrode.
According to thefpresentinvention there is provided an electron discharge device of the kind described wherein said target electrode comprises a sh'eetpf .semi 'conducting material provided with an insulating film on theside from which the said electron image is projected, and on said insulating film a conducting layer is provided, the arrangement being such that photo-electrons from said photo-cathode can: be (projected through said conducting layeiz-and" insulating film so as to charge said sheet of semi-conducting .material, and that said sheet can then be dischargedsby scanning with said beam of electrons from said other side thereof, scanning of said side serving to generate signals capacitively in said conducting layer.
The expression fsheetof sem' conducting material used herein and in the claims is intended to mean a sheet of material having a very high specific resistivity and such that the resistance between opposite points on the surfaces of the sheet is small in relation to the resistance between centres of adjacent elemental areas of the surfaces, the size of these elemental areas being effectively determined by the spot size of the from.2.10 to 10 ohm ems.
scanning beam of electrons. In practice satisfactory results are produced if the distance between the centres is more than twice the dis tance between the surfaces, and if the specific resistivity lies between a lower limit such that no considerable decrease in image resolution occurs due to lateral leakage of electrons between elemental areas, and an upper limit such that potential differences between corresponding areas of the opposite surfaces become effectively equalised Within the time taken by the electron beam to scan the screen, i. e., during a frame scanning period.
For example, in a television transmitting tube arranged to have a scanning period of of a second, and having 202 lines in each scan, alternate scans being interlaced, resistivities giving satisfactory results lie within therange The range ma however, vary for difierent'applications of the invention.
In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will now be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates diagrammatically one example of the invention applied to a television transmitting tube.
In this example the double-sided target electrode of the tube comprises a thin sheet I of semi-conducting material of very high specific resistivity. In this example the material emconducting glass is approximately 0.001-0.002"
in thickness and has a resistivity within the range from 2.10 to 10 ohm cms. On one side of the magnesium, or by evaporating an insulator, such as a borate or a fluoride. On the exposed surfaceof the insulating film a thin conducting layer '3 is deposited by evaporation of a suitable metal such as aluminium, beryllium or molybdenum having a thickness of 5 to Angstroms, or any other suitable conducting layer may be employed. Due to the insulating film 2, the conducting layer 3 is capacitatively associated with the sheet of conducting glass 2.
The television transmitting tube illustrated is of the kind having a photo-electric cathode and an optical system, indicated diagrammati cally at 6, is arranged to focus an optical image of the object for transmission on to the cathode 5. The cathode emits a photo-electron image corresponding to the optical image, and this photo-electron image is then focussed by the electrode 1 and accelerated to such .a velocity that the electrons can penetrate the thin conducting layer 3 and the insulating film 2, and reach the conducting glass sheet I. Instead of employing the electrode 1 the photo-electron image may be focussed magnetically, or the photo-electric cathode may be disposed so close to the thin conducting layer that no separate focussing means is required. In the transmitting tube, on the side of the sheet of conducting glass remote from the photo-electric cathode 5 is arranged an electron gun structure 3, Which generates a beam 9 which can be caused to scan the surface of the conducting glass remote from the cathode 5 by magnetic deflecting coils indicated diagrammatically at I!) and H, the, aXes of the coils being disposed at right angles to the axis of the tube. The deflecting coils are supplied in known manner with sawtooth waveform currents of line and frame frequency respectively from conventional scanning generators indicated in 'block form at. I3 and i4 and they serve to deflect the beam 8 in mutually Perpendicular directions. The beam .is accelerated by applying appropriate potentials to the second anode Ill so that the beam has a velocity of the order of 1000 volts when scanning the conducting glass.
The screenmay, for example, be scanned 50 times per. second, each scan having 202 lines and alternate scans beinginterlaced. Representative potentials such as may be applied to the electrodes or" the tube are indicated in the drawing.
By suitable choice of potentials applied to the photo-electric cathode 5, the thin conducting layer 3., and the sheet of conducting glass jl it tively. The elemental areas of the conducting glass are restored to an equilibrium potential as 'a result of the action of the fast scanning beam, the change of potential which results during scanning causing signals 'to be developed in 'the thin conducting layer 3.
This .layer '3 thus forms the signal plate of the screen and is connectedto a resistance I 6 across which picture signals are developed.
By virtue ;ofthe construction of electron discharge devices described it will be appreciated that there is no grid structure such as is usually necessary .in double-sided target electrodes and,
moreover, since bright areas of the image charge the conducting glass more negatively, the Well known tilt efiiect which is experienced in some form of television transmitting tubes may possibly be reduced.
What I claim is:
1. An electron discharge device such as a television transmission tube comprising a target electrode, a photoelectric cathode disposed at one :side of said target electrode, means disposed at the other side of .said target electrode for generating a beam of electrons for scanning said target electrode, said target electrode comprisingasheet-of semi-conducting material provided with an insulating film on the side disposed towards said photoelectric cathode and a conductive layer on said insulating film, and means for setting up a potential field between said photoelectric cathode and said conducting layer to cause photoelectrons released from said photoelectric cathode to be projected through said conductinglayer and said insulating said conducting layer being capacitively associated with said sheet of semi-conducting material, whereby scanning of said .sheet from said other side thereof will generate signals capac'itively in said conducting layer.
.2. .An electron discharge device according to claim 1, comprising an acceleratingelectrode between said photoelectric cathode and said target electrode.
3. Television transmitting apparatus comprising a television transmission tube including a target structure, ,a photoelectric cathode at one side of said target structure, an electron gun at the, other side of said target structure, said target structure comprising .a sheet of semiconducting material provided with an insulating film on the side disposed towards, said photoelectric cathode and a conducting layer on said insulating film, the apparatus. further comprising means for establishing an accelerating potential field between Said photoelectric cathode and said conducting layer to cause photoelectrons released from said photoelectric cathode tofibe projected through said conducting layer and said insulating him on to said sheet of semiconducting material to charge said sheet negatively, means for energizing said electrongun .to cause the generation of a fast scanning beam of electrons, and means for deflecting said beam of electrons to scan said target and periodically discharge said sheet of semiconducting material .by the release of secondary electrons therefrom, whereby signals are capacitively generated in said conducting layer. HANS GEHHARD 'LUBSZYNSKI.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ,file ,of this patent:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB2518434X | 1945-07-12 |
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US2518434A true US2518434A (en) | 1950-08-08 |
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US777975A Expired - Lifetime US2518434A (en) | 1945-07-12 | 1947-10-04 | Electron discharge device such as a television transmitting tube |
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Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2598401A (en) * | 1948-02-18 | 1952-05-27 | Emi Ltd | Electron discharge device suitable for use as television transmitting tubes |
US2731580A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1956-01-17 | Cinema Television Ltd | Target electrodes for use in television pick-up tube or the like |
US2809323A (en) * | 1954-03-24 | 1957-10-08 | Gen Electric | Penetrating ray transducer |
US2867552A (en) * | 1954-06-01 | 1959-01-06 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Metallized filamentary materials |
US2887611A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1959-05-19 | Philips Corp | Television camera tube |
US2887594A (en) * | 1955-04-29 | 1959-05-19 | Rca Corp | Electron discharge device |
US3010850A (en) * | 1952-10-29 | 1961-11-28 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting coated glass or ceramic article suitable for use as a lens, a window or a windshield, or the like |
US3032859A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1962-05-08 | Gen Electric | Methods of manufacturing and handling target electrodes and target electrode assemblies |
US3128406A (en) * | 1961-04-28 | 1964-04-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Radiation image pickup tube |
US3258434A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | 1966-06-28 | Gen Electric | Semiconducting glass |
US3371239A (en) * | 1961-06-07 | 1968-02-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electron discharge device with storage target electrode |
US3447023A (en) * | 1965-04-20 | 1969-05-27 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Electron tube for both transmission and reception of visual information |
US3497748A (en) * | 1969-01-28 | 1970-02-24 | Ibm | Target element for electrostatic storage display tube |
US3689789A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-09-05 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Fast destructive-read scan converter tube |
US3873343A (en) * | 1971-09-08 | 1975-03-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Method of forming secondary electron emission preventing layer for post-deflection acceleration type color picture tube |
US3931539A (en) * | 1968-04-12 | 1976-01-06 | Pasha Lvovna Sokolova | Superorthicon-type television camera tube having target and fine-mesh metal grid coated with semiconductor material of relatively low inelastic electron reflection factor |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2124057A (en) * | 1936-11-02 | 1938-07-19 | Farnsworth Television Inc | Beam scanning dissector |
US2214973A (en) * | 1938-02-25 | 1940-09-17 | Rca Corp | Cathode ray tube |
US2286280A (en) * | 1937-12-14 | 1942-06-16 | Rca Corp | Electronic device |
US2403239A (en) * | 1941-08-16 | 1946-07-02 | Rca Corp | Target electrode for electron discharge tubes |
GB597532A (en) * | 1945-07-12 | 1948-01-28 | Hans Gerhard Lubszynski | Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices, such as television transmitting tubes |
-
1947
- 1947-10-04 US US777975A patent/US2518434A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2124057A (en) * | 1936-11-02 | 1938-07-19 | Farnsworth Television Inc | Beam scanning dissector |
US2286280A (en) * | 1937-12-14 | 1942-06-16 | Rca Corp | Electronic device |
US2214973A (en) * | 1938-02-25 | 1940-09-17 | Rca Corp | Cathode ray tube |
US2403239A (en) * | 1941-08-16 | 1946-07-02 | Rca Corp | Target electrode for electron discharge tubes |
GB597532A (en) * | 1945-07-12 | 1948-01-28 | Hans Gerhard Lubszynski | Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices, such as television transmitting tubes |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2598401A (en) * | 1948-02-18 | 1952-05-27 | Emi Ltd | Electron discharge device suitable for use as television transmitting tubes |
US2731580A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1956-01-17 | Cinema Television Ltd | Target electrodes for use in television pick-up tube or the like |
US3010850A (en) * | 1952-10-29 | 1961-11-28 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting coated glass or ceramic article suitable for use as a lens, a window or a windshield, or the like |
US2887611A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1959-05-19 | Philips Corp | Television camera tube |
US2809323A (en) * | 1954-03-24 | 1957-10-08 | Gen Electric | Penetrating ray transducer |
US2867552A (en) * | 1954-06-01 | 1959-01-06 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Metallized filamentary materials |
US2887594A (en) * | 1955-04-29 | 1959-05-19 | Rca Corp | Electron discharge device |
US3032859A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1962-05-08 | Gen Electric | Methods of manufacturing and handling target electrodes and target electrode assemblies |
US3128406A (en) * | 1961-04-28 | 1964-04-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Radiation image pickup tube |
US3371239A (en) * | 1961-06-07 | 1968-02-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electron discharge device with storage target electrode |
US3258434A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | 1966-06-28 | Gen Electric | Semiconducting glass |
US3447023A (en) * | 1965-04-20 | 1969-05-27 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Electron tube for both transmission and reception of visual information |
US3931539A (en) * | 1968-04-12 | 1976-01-06 | Pasha Lvovna Sokolova | Superorthicon-type television camera tube having target and fine-mesh metal grid coated with semiconductor material of relatively low inelastic electron reflection factor |
US3497748A (en) * | 1969-01-28 | 1970-02-24 | Ibm | Target element for electrostatic storage display tube |
US3689789A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-09-05 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Fast destructive-read scan converter tube |
US3873343A (en) * | 1971-09-08 | 1975-03-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Method of forming secondary electron emission preventing layer for post-deflection acceleration type color picture tube |
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