US2267447A

US2267447A - Oven

Info

Publication number: US2267447A
Application number: US330655A
Authority: US
Inventors: Maurice D Curran
Original assignee: Tar & Petroleum Process Compan
Current assignee: Tar & Petroleum Process Co; Tar & Petroleum Process Compan
Priority date: 1940-04-20
Filing date: 1940-04-20
Publication date: 1941-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 1958-12-23

Description

Dec. 23, 1941. M. D. cuRRAvN OVEN Filed April 2o, 1940 Patented Dec. 23, 1941 OVEN vMaurice D. Curran, Glendale, Mo., `assigner to Tar t Petroleum Process Company, Chicago, `Ill., a corporation o! Illinois Application April zo, 1940, seran No. 330,655 s claims. (cl. 2oz- 102) The present invention relates' to improvements in ovens.

More particularly the present invention relates to improvements in the type of coke oven construction described and claimed in Patent No. 2,148,108 to Maurice D. Curran, dated February 2l, 1934. Said'Patent No. 2,148,108 relates to the general subject matter of the Knowles Patent No. 1,745,996, granted'February 4, 1930, having to do with a sole-red coke oven heated 4by a plurality of independent sole combustion flues arranged beneath the sole of the oven. Said Curran Patent No. 2,148,108 contemplated means for accomplishing uniformity of ilue heating.

An object of the'present invention is to provide a construction in which the sole combustion flues may be supplied with either blast furnace gas. producer gas, `coke oven gas, or oil gas, said types of gas to be used either simultaneously or alternatively.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a construction whereby oil gas may be efllciently supplied to a coke oven at the point where it is most needed and can be utilized to the best advantage.

A-further object is to provide an oven wherein oil can be usedl as the sole fuel for oven firing, or used simultaneously with gas, either fuel supplementing the other.

Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

The one ligure of the drawing is a vcross-sectional view indicating more or less diagrammatii I trated)l upstanding from the horizontal wall 8, which walls define the bottom boundary of the flues 1. As illustrated in the drawing, said wall 8 is formed to provide apertures 9--9 adjacent to the end walls of the oven whereby to provide communication from the ues I to the space below the wall 8, Projecting downwardly from the below the horizontal wall 8 into two regenerathe regenerators at the two ends of the 'oven are downtakes Il-Il leading to the waste gas tun- According to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, the oven is provided with a plurality of passageways I6-l6 extending from the two ends of the oven to regions adjacent to the medial wall I0. Said passageways Iii- I6 communicate with the atmosphere at the two ends of the oven, and adjacent vto the middle of the oven communicate with air downtakes Il-I'i which lead to the two hot air tunnels I8-I8. Each of the tunnels I8 communicates with a pipe 20, which, through a fan box 2| (equipped with the necessary valve). leads to an air header 22. Said air headers 22-22 are connected by meansof the air inlets 23 to the passageways I3-f-I3 of the regenerators at the two ends of the oven. `The numerals 24-24 indicate gas manifolds which through gas inlets 25-25 deliver combustible gas to the fiues 1-1 underlying the sole or floor I'.

A baille wall 2B is preferably mounted in each 1 of the passageways I3I3, which baille walls extend from the medial Wall I0 towardthe ends of the oven. Said baille walls 26-26 are disposed in parallel relationship with the horizontal wall 8 and are located between said horizon-` distances from the ends of the oven for r,admitting air from the regenerative chambers to the ends of the flues 'I-l. The horizontal 'wall 8,

which forms the lower boundary of the fiues l-|, is provided with a plurality of apertures 29-29 providing communication between the space above the baille walls 26-26 and the flues l-'I.

, for modifying `the extent of opening of the openings 8-9 and '2S-29. 4'

The numerals 3I-3Il indicate oil burners which are adapted to be supplied with oil from Y wall 8 is the medial wall I0 dividing the space Each of said .baille walls` lvI-II Slide bricks 30-30 have been illustrated' the oil headers 32--32 at the two ends of the oven and are adapted to be supplied with air and/or steam from the air headers 33-33 located at the two ends of the oven. Valves 32a-32a and 33o-33a control the supply of oil s and air, respectively, to said burners 3|-3L Said oil burners 3|-3I communicate with the Venturi throats 34--34 disposed in a plane slightly above the plane of the members 21-21. Said burners 3|-3I are preferably movable to- 10 ward and away from the throats 34--34 for the purpose of controlling the amount of secondary air entering said throats. Disposed in position to receive the blast from the vVenturi throats 34-34 are the refractory members 3535. 15 Flames and mixtures of atomized oil, steam. and/or air from the oil burners 8l3i are adapted to impinge against the members 35-35. It'may be preferred to use a mixture oi air and steam in the air headers 33; or it may be pre- 20 ferred to use steam alone in the headers 3l and admit all air at the secondary air inlets between the burners 3l and the Venturi throats 34.

The mode of operation of the above described embodiment of the present invention is substantially as follows: When it is preferred to use gas for combustion in the fiues 1 1, gas will be alternately supplied through the gas inlets 25-25 at thetwo ends of the oven When gas is supplied through the left-hand gas inlets 25, as the parts are viewed in the drawing, air will be supplied through the inlets 23 at the saine end of the oven, which air in passing through the correspending regenerative passageway i3 will be preheated for mixture with the gas being delivered from the gas inlets l25. At this time products of Vcombustion from the ilues l--l will pass through the right-hand regenerative passageway i3, heating up the structure dening said passageway, passing out through the right-hand tunnel 40 l5 from the gas inlets 25 at the left-hand end of the oven. However, a material proportion of the gas from the left-hand regenerative passageway i3 will pass along above the partition wall 25 to the apertures Eil- 2E to unite with unburned portions of the gas delivered toward the mid region oi the oven. The result is a relatively uniform heat distribution throughout the lengths oi' the ues 'E-. At the same time the products of combustion will in part pass downwardly through the apertures 29-29 at the right-hand end of the oven and the remainder of said waste heat gases. w will pass downwardly through the aperture 9 at the right-hand end of the oven. The result is the avoidance of excessive heat at the outer ends of saidilues ll.

.according to the present invention, oil firing gg may be substituted for the gas firing, or may be used simultaneously with the gas firing. When it is desired to use the oil burners til-33, the injection o oil and steam and/or air is controlled by .the valves 32 and 33S, and the amount of fg@ 'secondary air is controlled by the Venturi throats 36 and the locations of the burners di relative to said throats. With proper adjustments the members :is-J5EE may be heated to incandescence. With a surplus oi oil delivered by the burners 3i, ttl

which oil is gasiiled on impingement against the corresponding member 35, the oil gas will pass through the corresponding openings 9 to the nues 1 1. Part of this oil gas will be burned at the corresponding opening 9, depending upon the amount of air admitted to said opening .9. The `balance of the oil gas will be burned at the ports 29-29, according to the amount of air admitted at these ports, 'determined by the locations 'of the bricks 30-30. The term surplus of oil" of course refers to an excess of oil over and above that necessaryto combine with the air admitted through the oil burners.

According to the present invention, oil will be gasiiled and burned in the sole dues l-l in a manner similar to that discussed above in connection with gas admitted through the gas inlets 25-25, thus permitting the propagation of heat throughout the length o! the ilues and an even distribution of heat tothe floor and the oven structure.

The advantages of the present invention will be apparent without detailed explanation. One

advantage is that peak loads may be supplied by ksubstituting oil for gas ilring for short intervals,

thereby eliminating large investments in gas storoils produced in the carbonizing operation may be used for under firing, where the gas has greater economic value than the tar oils. Still another advantage is that petroleum oils can be used where their value is less than the gas produced in carbonlzing. Another valuable advantage is that in starting up the carbonizing plant where gas is not available, oil can be used to heat the oven structure.

With reference to the advantage last mentioned, the following discussion may be had.

In starting up a new coking oven where a supply of gas has not yet'I been built up, a serious economic problem arises as to how to heat up the oven and get a supply of gas i'or commercial operation. In starting certain types of oven it has been common practice to build a producer plant or provide a blue-water gas producing plant for the purpose of supplying this g'as for placing the plant in operation. This has required an investment of thousands of dollars in a commercial plant.

According to the present invention, ordinary salamanders fired with coke or other smokeless fuel are disposed along the regenerative faces of the ovens, and the products of combustion are led into regenerative chambers to heat up the brick work therein to a temperature oi around 500 deg. F. Oil ttings are provided in connection with a iew ovens, say about three ovens. and liquid oil is directed through these oil nttings toward the bricks 35-35. The stream of liquid oil will be ignited, whereby a ilame will be directed against the bricks 35-35 toprogressively heat said bricks. By reason of the impingement of the oil against the heated bricks, a certain amount of combustion will take place, resulting in the gasiiication of part of the oil. A further efiect of the impingement is to break up the particles of oil to form soot, which will be carried along Wth the oil gas products into the combustion nues below the oven floor l, air being provided for combustion purposesthrough the regenerative passages lli-I3. After a few days operation the oven is heated up to an operative temperature and in a short time the few ovens being started will be producing a supply of gas for operating purposes. After the first few ovens have been started, the oil ttins may be tr ferred to another set of ovens and the same operhas been produced from the two sets of ovens nrst mentioned, and will heat up the third set of ovens. The operationV is carried forward in like manner until the plant is in complete operation.

After the plant has been put in'operation the oil ilttings may be removed and transported to another plant, perhaps in an entirely differentpart of the country; or these oil iittings can be kept on hand so that in the event that the plant has ceased operations for any cause it can be easily started'again, following the same procedure as described for the original start. Insuch event the investment in the oil nttingsamounts to only a few hundred dollars as compared to many thousands of dollars. It will also be understod that the oil ttings may be kept in position at all times, so that in the' event it is desirable to increase surplus gas from the coking plant, an oil or oil fuel may be used to carry on the carbonizing operation as a replacement for gas.

Though one embodiment of the present invention'has been described in detail, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within thevscope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a coke oven, in combination, ahorizonta coking floor, means including Va horizontal wall below said floor forming a plurality of heating iiues extending longitudinally of said, oven, means dividing the space below said horizontal wall into a pair of regenerative chambers, said horizontal wall having g plurality of apertures spaced lengthwise of said oven and providing communication between said fiues and said regenerative chambers, certain of said apertures being located adjacent to the ends of said oven, means for admitting gas to said flues at the ends oi said aven remote from, said dividing means, means for admitting air to said regenerative chambers for mixture with said gas, oil burners at each end of said oven for delivering atomized oil to said ilues, and refractory members located adjacent to the ends of said horizontal wall in iront of said oil burners whereby -said refractory members will be impinged by the blasts from said oil burners to cause gasification of the oil carried insaid blasts.

2. In a coke oven, in combination, a horizontal coking floor, means including a horizontal wall` below said iioor forming a plurality oi' heating ilues extending longitudinally of said oven, means dividing the space below said horizontal wall into a pair of regenerative chambers, -said horizontal wail having a plurality of apertures spaced lengthwise of said oven and providing communication between said iiues and said regenerative chambers, certain oflsaid apertures being lccated adjacent to the ends of said oven, means for admitting gas to said flues at the ends of said oven remote from said dividing means, means for admitting air to said regenerative chambers for mixture with said gas, oil burners at each end of said oven for delivering atomized oil, and refractory members located adjacent to the ends of said horizontal wall in front of said oil burners, whereby said refractory members will be impinged by the blasts from said oil burners to cause gasification of the oil carried by said blasts, each of said refractory members being located in position to cause the intermingling of the atomized oil in its corresponding blast with air from the corresponding regenerative chamber.

3..In a coke oven, in combination, a coking V floor, said oven having longitudinal nues below said iloor, the lower boundary of said nues being deiined by a horizontal wall having apertures spaced therealong, certain of said apertures being located adjacent to the ends of said oven,

said oven being provided with regenerative .said door, the lower boundary of said nues being defined by a horizontal wall having vapertures spaced therealong, certain of said apertures being located adjacent to the ends of said oven, said oven being provided with regenerative chambers below said wall and having communication with said nues through said apertures, gas

burnermea-ns for directing gas to said nues for 1 combustion purposes, oil burner means for delivering atomized oil, and refractory means located adjacent to the ends of said horizontal wall positioned to be impinged by atomized oil from said oil burner means to cause the gasincation of the oil delivered by said oil burner means and to promote the intermingling of oil from said oil burner means with air from said regenerative chambers.

5. In a` coke oven, in combination, a coking tloor, said oven having longitudinal nues below said iioor. the lower boundary of said iiues being defined by a horizontal wall having apertures spaced therealong, certain of said apertures being located adjacent to the ends'of said oven, a pair of regenerative chambers. having communication with said nues through said apertures, means for delivering gas at the two ends of said nues, means for delivering a mixture of oil and steam or air, and refractory means adapted to be lmpinged by the mixture from said mixture delivering means, said refractory means being `located adjacent to the ends of said horizontal said floor, the lower boundary of said ilues being deiined by a horizontal wallhaving apertures spaced therealong, certain of said apertures being located adjacent to the ends of said oven, said oven being provided with regenerative chambers below said wall and having communication with said iiues through said apertures, gas burner means for directing gas to said iiues for combustion purposes, oil burner means, Venturi throat members for directing atomized oil from said oil burner means to said ues, and refractory means positioned to be impinged by the combustible mixture from said Venturi throat 5 means, said refractory means being located adjacent to the ends of said horizontal wall in front of said oil burner means whereby to be impinged by the blast from said oil burner means to cause the gasification of the oll carried in said blast and to aid in the intermingling of the materials in said blast with air from said regenerative chambers.

MAURICE D. CURRAN.