US1745996A

US1745996A - Tunnel nozzle for rectangular coke ovens

Info

Publication number: US1745996A
Application number: US194581A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alexander S Knowles
Original assignee: Tar & Petroleum Process Compan
Current assignee: Tar & Petroleum Process Co; Tar & Petroleum Process Compan
Priority date: 1927-05-27
Filing date: 1927-05-27
Publication date: 1930-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 1947-02-04

Description

' Patented Feb. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER S. KNOWLES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO TAR & PETROLEUM PROCESS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS TUNNEL NOZZLE FOR RECTANGULAR COKE OVENS Application filed May 27, 1927. Serial N'o. 194,581.

My invention relates to means for distributing the air and wastel heat in each iue of a rect-angular, sole-ired, coke oven, heated by a plurality of independent sole combustion tlues arranged beneath the sole of the oven and more particularly to a plurality of tunnel nozzles for each flue for supplying and distributing a portion of the air from some of the regenerators to the combustion flues and for discharging waste heat gases from said fiues to -other regenerators.

Rectangular ovens in which the oven sole is of substantially rectangular shape, form a class of ovens having broad soles, the ovens being heated from beneath the sole. In such ovens, the admission of atmospheric air into the charge is excluded and the by-products and coke are obtained `from the coal by heating the broad sole of the oven.

In my Patent No. 1,635,280, a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven is shown in which separate parallel and adjacent sole combustion liues are used for heating the oven chamber and in which the air may be preheated and supplied periodically, at intervals., by 'means of individual regenerato'rs for each flue.

One .of .the objects of my invention is to provide each combustion flue of a rectangular loven with a plurality of distributing tunnel nozzles for supplying a portion of the air from one of the regeneratorsv to the flue and for discharging lwaste heat gases from the I `said lueto the other regenerator connected with the flue. d .K

With the above andl other objects in View,

ymy invention consists in thepartsimprove ments and combinations more fully pointed out hereinafter.

l Referring now to the drawings;

Figure 1 shows a lon 'tudinallcross-section' through the oven lWhenprovided with a pairl of distributing tunnel nozzles each of the combustion figues ofthe oven. n

Figure 2, is an enlargedl ngitudin'al detail sectionl showing the 'adjustable tunnel nozzle.

r Figure 3, is a det-ail cross'l-sectlion ron line 3--3 of Figure 2,' Vshowing the tunnels 'in place intheflues.-, i( 4" Figure 4, is a perspective view'kof one of the sections of the tunnelr nozzle.

` dampers 32a.

The coke oven illustrated in the drawings will rst be briefly described.

In the drawings 1 indicates the iat tops of the oven supplied with charging openings 2, for supplying coal to the oven, the b -products of gas being taken olf by stan pipe 3. Each front of the oven chamber is provided with a door 4, 5.

Under each oven sole extends a plurality of ing up the kheat from the iues and supplying' it in part to the regenerators As illustrated a plurality of air regenerators for preheating the air supplied to the combustion fiues, is provided there being two hairpin regenerators which alternately and periodically supply air to and receive the products of combust-ion from each heatingv flue.- `These air regenerators are provided with a regenerator checkerworkl 27, and each regenerator comprises a pair' of iues 21, 22 separated by a division wall 30, the regenerator extending below and parallel to the combustion flue above it. Air is supplied to the regenerators by separate air admission pipes 31', provided with openings, closed by remo'vable plugs 31". Waste heat discharge pipes 32,V 'are also provided controlled Aby slide Gas is supplied to the combustion flues by separate gas pipes-33, one

-for each combustion flue.v Preheated air f reaches vthey combustion flue from its regenerator thru .port-34, the amount of openingqof the .port vbeing ,adjustable by yslide brick 35. Removable brick 36, in lfront of the slidebrick permits adjustment of the latter. lInspection ports 37 ,having removableplugs (not, shown), permit the inspec- `tion of the regenerators.

Coming now to my invention, means are provided for distributing the airfand waste heat gases ineach'fiuesoasto provide increased heating in the-tluesy toward the middle of the boven andso as to also 'decrease the heating at the ends of the oven, thereby producing a uniform heating of each flue in long ovens.

As illustrated, two or more distributing tunnel nozzles 45, are provided, one or more for each end of each flue. The shape of the nozzles may be varied and they are preferably made of refractory material. As shown each nozzle consists of a series of U-shaped sections 46. These sections may be joined as at 47, and one or more sections may be used, the nozzle being correspondingly lengthened or shortened as desired. The front end of each nozzle is closed by the end Wall48 of the section and the rear end 49, i. e. theend at the interior of the flue, is open. By making the nozzle U-shaped with an open bottom, air may be supplied to the nozzles thru supplementary openings 50, 5l, made in the silica bricks l5, separating the regenerator from the sole of the oven. Slide dampers (not shown) may be provided for adjusting the openings 50, 5l.

The roof ofeachtunnel nozzlesection is preferably provided with an auxiliary opening at 52, permitting the discharge of air or the receipt of Waste heat gases, when the oven is in operation. The nozzle may be adjusted so as to assume various positions along the flue sole,'one such position being shown in full lines and another in dotted lines in Fig. 2, this bein done by means of an adjusting rod inserted y removing bricks 35, 36, at the end of the flue.

As shown when one nozzle at one end of a flue is receiving and ydistributing preheated air for combustion coming through the open ing 51, the other nozzle is receiving some of the Waste gas and delivering it through the opening 50, into the regenerator. On reversal of the oven, the flow of air and Waste gas is reversed through the regenerators, the openings and the nozzles.

It Will be observed that gas is alternately admitted through the usual burner pipes 33, at the end of the flue. The amount of air for combustion admitted through the air Opening 34, at the end of the flue, may be regulated and depends upon the length of the flue and the character of the gas to be burned. The intensity of the heat at the outer end of the flue may thus be regulated and reduced. The excess, unburnt gas is subsequently burned hy combining with the air for combustion which enters the nozzle through the supplementary opening. The movable nozzle distributes this air for combustion toward the center of of the flue, to more uniformly heat the flue lengthwise. While this is going on, the nozzle in the other end of the flue receives a part of the Waste gas and conveys it through its supplementary opening at the other end, Where it passes into the regenerator, the balance of the Waste gas leaving the flue and entering the regenerator thru the opening 34, provided at the outer end. The ame is thus lengthened and the intensity of the heat at the outer end of the flue is reduced.

Where low heat value gas such as producer or blast furnace gas is available, the regulation of the long flame resulting therefrom permits the use of one or more tunnel nozzles and opening or openings at each end of the flue. When using high heating value gas, such as that produced from high volatile coal making an intense, short flame, two or more tunnel nozzles at each end may be used with suitable openings connecting the nozzles to the regenerators.

Having thus described the invention and its operation, it Will be understood that changes may be made in carrying the invention into effect, Without departing from the principle thereof.

What I claim is:

1. In a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven, provided with a plurality of sole combustion flues, arranged under the sole of the oven for heating it, and a plurality of re enerators connected With said flues for a ternately supplying preheated air to opposite ends of each of said flues, theV combination With the sole combustion flues of a plurality of supplementary. distributing means arranged in two sets Within each flue and communicably connected With the regenerators; each set adapted to alternately receive and supply a portion of the air from some of the regenerators to the flues and to receive and discharge Waste heat gases from the said flues to the regenerators, and means for supplying gas to opposite sides ofthe combustion ues.

2. In a rectangular, sole-red coke oven provided With a plurality of sole combustion flues arranged under the sole of the oven for heating it, a plurality of regenerators for alternately supplying preheated air to said flues and a floor separating the regenerators from the flues provided With supplementary openings, the combination with said sole combustion flues of a plurality of distributing tunnel nozzles, the said openings and tunnel nozzles cooperating to supply a portion of the preheated air from some of the regenerators to the flues and to discharge Waste heat gases from the saidflues to other regenerators.

3. In a rectangular, sole-fired coke oven, provided with sole combustion flues, regenerators beneath said flues, there being a pair of regenerators for each combustion Hue, and a floor separating the regenerators from the flues, the said floor being provided with supplementary openings, the combination with said flues of aplurality of tunnel nozzles, the said nozzles each comprising a sectional, open-bottom tunnel, each nozzle being closed at its front end and open at its rear end, the supplementary openings and nozzles cooperating to supply a portion of the preheated air from one of the regenerators of the pair to its ue and to discharge Waste heat gases from the said flue to the other regenerator of the pair.

4. In a rectangu1a13'so1e-1'ired coke oven, provided with sole combustion flues, regenerators beneath s'aid lines', and a floor sepa- ,rratin the regenerators from the ues,y the tom tunnels provided with said oor being provided with supplementary openings, the combination with said ues, of movable tunnel nozzles, the said nozzles each comprising one orI more sectional, open-botauxiliary openings, each nozzle being closed at its front end and open at its rear end, the supplementar openlngs and nozzles cooperating to supp y a portion of the preheated air from some of the regenerators discharge Waste heat gases to other regenerators.

from the said lues In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ALEXANDER S. KNOWLES.

to the lines and to e