US226663A

US226663A - Lancelot kirkup

Info

Publication number: US226663A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1880-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 1897-04-20

Description

L. KIRKUP. Breakwater.-

No. 226,663. Patented April 20,1880.

".PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER, WASHINGTON. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrce.

LANOELOT KIRKUP, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MANHATTAN IRON AND STEEL PIER AND BRIDGE COMPANY.

BREAKWATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 226,663, dated April 20, 1880.

Application filed February 10, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LANOELOT KIRKUP, of the city of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement 5 in Breakwater-s, of which the followingis such a full, clear, and exact description as will enable others skilled in the art to which myinvention most nearly appertains to make and use the same, when taken in connection with the acro companying drawings, in which Figure lis a perspective view of the breakwater and fastenings. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of breakwater. Fig. 3 is an end View of the breakwater, showing the eyes on the IS journal of the central shaft. Fig. 4 is a cross section of the breakwater at the line w of Fig. 1. Fig. is a cross-section of a modified construction of the breakwater.

' The breakwater consists of a cylinder, A,

preferably made of sheet-iron, having therein and forming part of it heads or ends B B, through which the central shaft, (J 0, passes and to which it is firmly fastened. This central shaft maybe made continuous through the cylinder, or, as shown in the drawings,

of short pieces, one at each end, and passing centrally through secondaryheads or bearings D D.

It is found best in making floats of fifty or 0 sixty feet in length to make the shaft as here shown,the heads BBD D being firmly united to the walls of the cylinder.

At or near the end of the central shaft or shafts are placed the journal-boxes E E, carry- 5 ing the eyes 1 2 3 4 5 6, held on the shafts by the heads 13 14, and being free to turn on the shaft, as they may be impelled by the anchor chains or ropes attached to the eyes and the anchors 7 S 9 10 1.1 12.

On the outside of the cylinder are fastened, by any suitable means, ribs, flanges, or buckets F F F F F,running lengthwise of the cylinder, or, if preferred, spirally about the cylinder. The buckets may be braced in any suit 5 able manner against one another, or to the cylinder.

The interior of the cylinder may be braced in any desired manner, to give stiffness to the cylinder and stability to the walls. Except when very large cylinders are used, the interior bracing may be omitted, as the walls of the cylinder and thebuckets give sufficient strength in ordinary cases.

The cylinder and buckets may be made by fastening together curved pieces of sheetiron at the edges, the convex sides ofthe sheets being toward the center of the breakwater, as shown in Fig. 5, which is a cross-section of a breakwater so made. The adjacent edges of each of the abutting pieces of sheet metal of which it is formed may be continued to the edge of the bucket, or only one, as desired, for the stability of the bucket.

The operation of the breakwater is as follows: The cylinder, made as above described, is anchored off the shore it is desired to protect by the anchors 7 8 9 10 11 12, attached to the respective eyes 1 2 3 4 5 6 on the journal-boxes E E, being so placed that the axis of the cylinder is parallel with the shore, or nearly so. The breakwater is loaded so to float that its greatest diameter will be about at the water-line. A wave coming on its broadside in this position will catch in those buckets F F which may be above, and expend its force in revolving the cylinder about its axis, the lower or under buckets F F holding the cylinder to resist such revolution.

By placing a number of these breakwaters in line, or nearly so, or in the proper relative position, a harbor or anchorage may be made on the roughest coast, and the shore kept from washing in the most exposed places. By the proper placing of a number of these cylinders an ocean-canal can be made along the seacoast between the breakwater-s and the coast at comparatively small cost.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

The cylindrical floatiu g breakwater fastened in position by its axis, capable of turning about its axis, provided on its surface with longitudinal buckets, as specified and set forth.

LANOELOT KIRKUP.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH J. SULLIVAN, JAMES E. DALTON.