US313664A

US313664A - Sail-boat

Info

Publication number: US313664A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 1902-03-10

Description

t e e h S s t Bu w M 9w D R A Dr R A G L m d O M 0 W SAIL BOAT.

No. 313,664. Patented Mar. 10, 1885.

WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS. Pqmo-uum n ner, Washington. ac.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

I. GARRARD.

SAIL BOAT.

No. 313,664. Patented Mar. 10; 1885.

INVENTOR:

Jam. BY Mwwfgg ATTORNEYS.

NlTFlD STATES Farmer @rrien.

ISRAEL GARRARD, OF FRONTENAC, MINNESOTA.

SAM.-

BOAT.

rSPECIFECATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,664, dated March 10, 1.885.

Applicalion filed August 1, 1884.

To all whom it 'may concern.-

Be it known that I, ISRAEL GARRARD, of Frontenac, in the county of Goodhue and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Yachts and Sail-Boats of the Shallow-Model or Center-Board Type, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of myinvention is to provide certain new and usefulimprovementsin that class of yachts or sail-boats known as the shallow model or center-board type, whereby the roominess .and convenience of the boat are increased by the removal of the center-board trunk from the boat. A further objectis to avoid the necessity of loading the boat with ballast, so that the draft is deeper than the most desirable sailing-lines; and another object is to avoid the necessity of using sand-bags and a crew to handle them to the windward, and to accomplish these results by a device which will perform the functions of the otdi: nary center-board in preventing leeway, and will also perform the functions of the fixed ballast used for its weight and the functions of the shifting ballast used for its power of leverage, by its increase of the mechanical power of leverage as the boat is careened by the sailpressure. p,

The invention consists in a web or device of suitable area to prevent leeway and of theleast thickness compatible with the strength of the material, which web or device is firmly held to the hull of the boat by flanges and bolts of suffieient strength, and is provided at or near the lower edge with such an enlargement that the entire web or device willhave sufficient weight to draw the beat down to the desired lines of flotation. The said web is to be of any desired form, and the enlargement at the lower edge of the web may also be of any desired form, thus securing the greatest preponderance of weight at the greatest possible length of leverage. The enlargement is to be made integral with the web and flanges by casting the e11- largement, web, and flanges in one piece; or the said enlargement can be secured to the web by means of straps, or in any other suitable manner, and the web or device and the enlargement may be made of metal, or metal and wood combined.

' Reference is to be had to the accompanying (No model.)

| drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure lis a cross-sectional elevation of a boat provided with my improved ballast-fin made of cast metal and held on the keelson. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional, elevation of a boat, showing the ballast-fin constructed of metal parts and hung in the floor-timbers. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show side views of some of the different possible forms of my improved ballast-fin, all indicating a combination of the greatest weight with the largest leverage, and with an area sufficient to prevent or reduce leeway.

The ballastfin A B O consistsof the web A, the enlargement B at the bottom edge of the web, and the flanges O at the top edge of the web, cast in one piece and firmly secured to the bottom of the boat by bolts passed through the keel D to the keelson D. The cross-section of the enlargement B may be circular, conical, pyriform, or guttate, with the ends or edges of the enlargement and web beveled fore and aft, as desired, the objects to be attained being to secure the greatest practicable weight at the greatest practicable leverage and ease of movement through the water. In case the ballastfin is made of cast metal, the enlargement and flanges are made integral with the web, as shown in Fig. 1; or the enlargement can consist of a separate bar firmly held to the bottom edge of a sheet of metal or other web. The web is then held to the hull by anglestraps and bolts which pass through the floortimbers, as shown in Fig. 2. If desired, the web may also be made of wood. The ballast fin may be attached to the boat in whatever the weight and leverage, these factors depending on the depth and weight of the ballast-fin.

Fig. 3 shows aparallelogram form of the fin; Figs. 4 and 5, triangular forms, and Fig. 6 a semicircular form, all of them carrying the greatest practicable weight at the lowest practicable point, and all having areas sufficient to prevent or diminish leeway.

All the figures from 1 to 6 present the same quality of increasing mechanical power to maintainstability as the increase of sail-pressure careens the boat from the perpendicular.

The mechanical power of leverage, which increases with the demand for it, isimponderamanner will successfully resist the strain of ble, and does'not load the boat, as would the fixed or other-ballast necessary to accomplish the same results of stability.

A further improvement over fixed orstowed 5 ballast is, that the Whole power of the ballast device, as shown. is effective both by the force of gravity and the leverage to maintain stability, Whereas a large percentage of fixed ballast contributes by the force of gravityto in- [O stability when by careening of the boat it is on the lower side.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a vessel or boat, the continuous flexible r 5 or yielding fin or plate secured to the bottom of the vessel or boat, said plate or fin having at its lower longitudinal edge a solid enlargement of approximately conical form, with its convergent surface uniting and forming one 20 piece with said plate or fin, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ISRAEL. GARRARD.

Witnesses: I

WM. SCHNEIDER, H. LORENTZEN.