US2253146A - Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns - Google Patents

Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2253146A
US2253146A US237789A US23778938A US2253146A US 2253146 A US2253146 A US 2253146A US 237789 A US237789 A US 237789A US 23778938 A US23778938 A US 23778938A US 2253146 A US2253146 A US 2253146A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
acid
yarns
yarn
interpolymer
filaments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US237789A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edgar W Spanagel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL51855D priority Critical patent/NL51855C/xx
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US237789A priority patent/US2253146A/en
Priority to DEP79914D priority patent/DE757623C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2253146A publication Critical patent/US2253146A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a new and improved sizing composition for such textile filaments and yarns as are quite insensitive to water and to which the usual sizing compositions adhere with difliculty.
  • These filaments are insoluble'in substantially all common solvents and are little affected by contact with water; the ratio of their wet strength
  • the manufacture of fine stockings is, at best, a delicate operation and the cost of the finished product is a reflection vof the convenience of opdown after leaving the needles and sinkers resultto their dry strength being much higher than for other textile filaments.
  • Another very interesting and useful property of these filaments is their ability to become set in the condition or shape in which they are first exposed to. steam, hot water, hot alcohols and other non-solvent swelling agents. After a setting treatment the filaments when deformed tend to return, after the deforming forces are removed, tothe shape inwhich they were set.
  • the synthetic linear polyamides are of two types, those obtainable from mono-aminomonocarboxylic acids and those obtainable from the reaction of suitable diamines and dibasic carboxylic acids.
  • the diamine-dibasic acid derivatives are more fully described in the U. S. Patent No. 2,130,948.
  • this invention shall be discussed in'terms of these polyamides, particularly of polyhexamethylene adipamide which is obtainable from the reaction of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid, although the invention is not so limited.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a sizing composition for polyamide yarns which will promote good snag resistance, which will definitely reduce edge rolling of the flat knit fabric and which will make for good final'stitch formation.
  • the object of the invention is accomplished by the use of a'sizing composition comprising polyalphamethacrylic acid.
  • polymethacrylic acid preparation of the polyalphamethacrylic acid, hereinafter referred to as polymethacrylic acid, is not within the scope of this invention, a suitable polymer may be conveniently prepared by direct polymerization of the purified monomeric material in water.
  • the monomeric material has the formula This solution of the polymer may be used directly without isolation of the polymethacrylic acid or it may also be used in solution in organic solvents.
  • the natureof the invention will become more acrylic acid (having a viscosity of 4.5 poises in methyl alcohol solution) in ethyl alcohol on a Wildman full-fashioned knitting machine.
  • the yarn was moistened just before it reached the needles and sinkers of the knitting machine by passing it over a wick wet with water. This moistenlng rendered the sizing composition plas- The v tic and facilitated good loop formation. humidity and temperature of the knitting room was so adjusted that the knit fabric dried sufficiently to destroy the plasticity of the sizing composition before :the fabric was removed from the knitting machine thus holding the desired loop formation in the fabric until it could be set;- Similarhi sized polyhexamethylene adipamide yarns of the proper denier and twist were used in the toe, welt, heel and sole. This fabric had little edge roll, good snag resistance, well formed stitches, and open loops. Following knitting, the
  • stocking was looped and seamed in the customary manner, placed on a boarding form and' treated with saturated steam to set the yarn in the ,desired conformation. The stocking was then removed from the form and subjected to scouring, dyeing, rinsing, finishing and reboarding operations. The completed stocking had an attractive appearance, excellent stitch formation and good fabric elasticity.
  • Example 11 A skein of denier, 20-turn polyhexamethylene adipamide yarn was treated as in Example I in an aqueous bath containing 8% polymethacrylic acid, 10% triacetin and 0.2% of Gardinol WA (the sodium salt of sulfuric acid ester I of lauryl alcohol).
  • the yarn was used in knitting stocking fabric on a Wildman full-fashioned knitting machine. The yarn was moistened just before knitting and'the knitted fabric was dried immediately after it left the needles and sinkers by a current of warm air. The yarn knit well, producing a fabric of excellent stitch formation which showed practically no edge rolling and which had no pulled threads.
  • Example III An aqueous solution was prepared containing 6% of polymethacrylic acid, 4% of glycerol, and 0.5% of Textile Softener No. 3 (a' commercial water-emulsifiable mineral oil). This solution was applied to a polyhexamethylene adipamide' yarn on a spool to spool sizing machine in which the yarn was taken fromv a twister pirn A sewing thread was prepared by plying together three l-denier, '75-filament, 12-turn S" twist oriented polyhexamethyleneadipamide yarns with 8 turns Z twist.
  • the sewing thread was then treated as inExample I in an aqueous bath containing 10 g./liter of'polymethacrylic acid and 10 g./liter of glycerin and 0.6% of a mixture of 50% oleyl diethyl ethylene di'amine ethyl sulfate. and 50% dextrin, and dried at room temperature.
  • the resulting sewing thread performed very well at high speeds, did not undergo appreciable abrasion on commercial sewing machines and gave seams of good strength. Sewing threads so prepared are valuable for use in the looping and seaming of these synthetic polyamide stockings.
  • polymethacrylic acid adheres to the yarn, which adhesion is a strict requirement for a size. That polymethacrylic acid adheres to the yarn is surprising, considering the fact that the acid can be applied from a water solution, and that the filaments are notably insensitive to water and other common solvents, not to speak of the fact that the filaments are slick and smooth, which in itself complicates the sizing problem.
  • the size compositions of this invention are capable of being easily and rapidly dried at a reasonably low temperature so that there is little danger of prematurely setting 'the polyamide yarn, which setting would tend to seriously interfere with good final stitch formation.
  • the size is also capable of being easily softened by moisture .so'that a temporary condition of plasticity can be developed at the moment of knitting, after which it can be readily dried, reducing the plasticity' and holding the stitches in the desired conformation until they can be set.
  • the rapid rate at which yarns sized with these tions may be dried effects an important in the sizing operation. This is especially true in continuous sizing operations permitting size applications at a very rapid rate.
  • the size is capable of sofincomposiishing the yarn and of so holding the filaments together as a unitary structure as to resist snagging during the operation of knitting, looping, seaming, topping, etc., to the end that a stocking is produced which is free from pulled threads and, therefore, a high stockings is assured.
  • the flat knit stocking sized with the composition has a greatly reduced tendency to roll on itself with the result that the 1 looping and seaming operation can be performed very simply and quickly and without the pro- ,fductionof snags which would certainly resultif a considerable amount of manipulation was reeconomy percentage of satisfactory the balloon of the downtwister.
  • the softness and smoothness of the treated yam may be modified by the addition of material, such as glycerol, glycols, esters of glycerol, such as triacetin and glyceroltriglycollate, sulfonated oils, dextrin, urea, ethanol formamide, etc.
  • material such as glycerol, glycols, esters of glycerol, such as triacetin and glyceroltriglycollate, sulfonated oils, dextrin, urea, ethanol formamide, etc.
  • wetting agents such as Gardinol" WA, may be added to the composition if desired.
  • Theinvention also contemplates the addition of lubricants to the composition where the presence of a lubricant on the flnalyarn is found desirable. Itis true that the sizing of the yarn permits the filaments to operate as a unitary structure, prevents the formation of pulled threads bysetting up a snag resistance, insures Similarly, the invention has poration of a textile lubricant in the compositions. Materials which are suitable for this purpose are mineral, vegetable, and sulfonated oils, soaps, such as triethanolamine oleate, and a variety of other materials such as diglycol oleate, glycerol monoricinoleate, etc.
  • the lubricants added to the sizing composition can also be added before or after and independent of the size composition.
  • Various coning oils may .be applied to the yarns sized according to the invention.
  • examples of such compositions include olive, tea seed and and at the same time act as a lubricant and/or wetting agent.
  • some of the modifiers mentioned may act as buffers to maintain at any desired value the pH of the size bath or of the size on the yarn when moistened prior to knitting. That the size composition is not strongly acid is generally desirable to prevent undue corrosion of the needles and sinkers on the knitting machine.
  • Other corrosion inhibitors may be added. Examples of other materials which may be added to the wetting trough of the knitting machine for various purposes include commercial triethanoi amine and its fatty acid esters, diglycol oleate, morpholene, pyridine, etc.
  • the invention contemplates the use of a sizing composition for these polyamide yarns which comprises polymethacrylic acid and certain interpolymers of methacrylic acid, or in less preferred sizing compositions, polyacrylic acid.
  • a sizing composition for these polyamide yarns which comprises polymethacrylic acid and certain interpolymers of methacrylic acid, or in less preferred sizing compositions, polyacrylic acid.
  • the invention contempiates a polyamide yarn well sized and well capable of being used in textile operations as may be desired and where a size performs a useful function. It will. be found that the size adheres well to the yarn and resists mechanical removal which might result from the forces involved in a twisting operation or by rubbing against thread guides, etc.
  • the sizing composition of this invention is also valuable in the treatment of textile filaments composed of other synthetic linear polymers includingpolyesters, polyethers, polyacetals, mixed polyesterpolyamides, etc., which, for example, may be prepared by a process of condensation polymetrizationas described in U. S. Patent No. 2,071,250.
  • These sizing compositions are also suitable for sizing of filaments and yarns composed of the polymers prepared'by high pressure polymerization of ethylene which are described in the copending application of Fawcett et al., Serial No. 123,722,'filed February 2, 1937; also for sizing yarns of ingrain sllkin view of the definite advantage of ease of removal over sericin.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline syntheticlinear polymer taken from the class consisting of polyesters, polyethers and polyamides containing a coating of a sizing composition comprising a compound taken from the group consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with. less than 10% of styrene, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of vinyl acetate and an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of methyl methacrylate.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polymer taken from the class consisting of polyesters, polyethers and polyamidescontaining 2% to 6% by weight of a coating of a compound taken from the group of styrene, an interpolymerof methacrylic acid consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of styrene, an interpolyamides containing 2% to 6% of a coating of polymethacrylic acid.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polyamide containing a coating of a sizing composition comprising a compound taken from the group consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of styrene, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of vinyl acetate and an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of methyl methacrylate.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polyamide containing 2% to 6% by weight of a coating of a compound taken from the group consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% with less than 10% of vinyl acetate and an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of methyl methacrylate.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polyamide containing a coating of asizing composition comprising polymethacrylic acid.
  • a textile yarn comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polyamide containing 2% to 6% of a coating of polymethacrylic acid.
  • a textile yarn comprising polyhexamethyl-.
  • a sizing composition comprising a compound taken from the group consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than of styrene, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with les than 10% of vinyl acetate and an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of methyl methacrylate.
  • the process of rendering textile yarns comprising filaments of a crystalline synthetic linear polyamide resistant to snagging and capable of being knit into fabrics'which will retain a uniform loop formation which comprises applying to said yarns a compound taken from the group consisting of polymethacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of styrene, an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of vinyl acetate and an interpolymer of methacrylic acid with less than 10% of methyl methacrylate.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US237789A 1938-10-29 1938-10-29 Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns Expired - Lifetime US2253146A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL51855D NL51855C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1938-10-29
US237789A US2253146A (en) 1938-10-29 1938-10-29 Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns
DEP79914D DE757623C (de) 1938-10-29 1939-10-20 Praeparieren von Fasern, Faeden oder Garnen aus synthetischen linearen Polymeren, insbesondere Polyamiden, fuer die textile Weiterverarbeitung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US237789A US2253146A (en) 1938-10-29 1938-10-29 Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2253146A true US2253146A (en) 1941-08-19

Family

ID=22895187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US237789A Expired - Lifetime US2253146A (en) 1938-10-29 1938-10-29 Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2253146A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE757623C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL51855C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2470039A (en) * 1945-05-04 1949-05-10 Edward E Lovig Apparatus and process for making filaments
US2606845A (en) * 1949-04-09 1952-08-12 Du Pont Process for adhering polyvinyl chloride coatings to nylon fabric
US2674547A (en) * 1951-03-10 1954-04-06 Us Rubber Co Coated article and process of making same
US2686137A (en) * 1951-11-26 1954-08-10 Monsanto Chemicals Sized yarn and process of sizing
US2690407A (en) * 1951-05-25 1954-09-28 Rca Corp Method of preventing accumulation of static charges
US2692182A (en) * 1951-04-14 1954-10-19 Rohm & Haas Durable, stiff finish for nylon and method for producing same
US2727835A (en) * 1952-07-31 1955-12-20 Monsanto Chemicals Process of sizing synthetic yarn with hydrolyzed polyalkyl acrylates
US2936249A (en) * 1954-07-01 1960-05-10 American Enka Corp Process for conferring antistatic properties to synthetic textile fibers
DE1109132B (de) * 1958-11-21 1961-06-22 Roehm & Haas Gmbh Schlichtemittel fuer synthetische Fasern
US3090664A (en) * 1958-03-31 1963-05-21 Du Pont Graft polymerizing an unsaturated organic acid or salt thereof onto a nitrogen containing polymer substrate
US3297471A (en) * 1965-04-08 1967-01-10 Du Pont Acrylic or methacrylic acid grafting copolymerized on nylon and forming salt of said graft
US3511677A (en) * 1963-02-28 1970-05-12 Du Pont Process for preparation of a sized zero-twist synthetic fiber yarn and product thereof
US3855776A (en) * 1971-06-22 1974-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind Synthetic thermoplastic multifilament yarns
US3974321A (en) * 1974-06-20 1976-08-10 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Yarn sizing process and product

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2470039A (en) * 1945-05-04 1949-05-10 Edward E Lovig Apparatus and process for making filaments
US2606845A (en) * 1949-04-09 1952-08-12 Du Pont Process for adhering polyvinyl chloride coatings to nylon fabric
US2674547A (en) * 1951-03-10 1954-04-06 Us Rubber Co Coated article and process of making same
US2692182A (en) * 1951-04-14 1954-10-19 Rohm & Haas Durable, stiff finish for nylon and method for producing same
US2690407A (en) * 1951-05-25 1954-09-28 Rca Corp Method of preventing accumulation of static charges
US2686137A (en) * 1951-11-26 1954-08-10 Monsanto Chemicals Sized yarn and process of sizing
US2727835A (en) * 1952-07-31 1955-12-20 Monsanto Chemicals Process of sizing synthetic yarn with hydrolyzed polyalkyl acrylates
US2983628A (en) * 1954-07-01 1961-05-09 American Enka Corp Process for conferring antistatic properties to dielectric products
US2936249A (en) * 1954-07-01 1960-05-10 American Enka Corp Process for conferring antistatic properties to synthetic textile fibers
US3000758A (en) * 1954-07-01 1961-09-19 American Enka Corp Process for conferring antistatic properties and the resulting products
US3090664A (en) * 1958-03-31 1963-05-21 Du Pont Graft polymerizing an unsaturated organic acid or salt thereof onto a nitrogen containing polymer substrate
DE1109132B (de) * 1958-11-21 1961-06-22 Roehm & Haas Gmbh Schlichtemittel fuer synthetische Fasern
US3511677A (en) * 1963-02-28 1970-05-12 Du Pont Process for preparation of a sized zero-twist synthetic fiber yarn and product thereof
US3297471A (en) * 1965-04-08 1967-01-10 Du Pont Acrylic or methacrylic acid grafting copolymerized on nylon and forming salt of said graft
US3855776A (en) * 1971-06-22 1974-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind Synthetic thermoplastic multifilament yarns
US3974321A (en) * 1974-06-20 1976-08-10 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Yarn sizing process and product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL51855C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE757623C (de) 1963-08-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2663989A (en) Coated articles and textiles and emulsions for producing them
US2253146A (en) Method of sizing synthetic linear polymer yarns
US2324601A (en) Sizing
US2313058A (en) Textile product and method of making the same
US2157119A (en) Method of making fabric
US2300074A (en) Sizing
US2278895A (en) Composite material
US2666038A (en) Textile-finishing compositions, finished articles, and methods of producing them
US2308593A (en) Knitted fabric and manufactured knitted articles
US2937380A (en) Non-puckerable seam
US2251962A (en) Artificial theead and method for
US2301703A (en) Knitting method
US2172241A (en) Yarn conditioning process and composition therefor
US2186628A (en) Yarn conditioning process and composition therefor
US2153137A (en) Yarn conditioning processes and compositions therfor
US2278902A (en) Yarn sizing process
US2289760A (en) Yarn conditioning
US2436219A (en) Textile product and process
US3128147A (en) Process for treating polynosic fibers and products obtained thereby
US2328600A (en) Treatment of textile materials
US2418927A (en) Coating or sizing treatment of yarns
US2565962A (en) Aqueous sizing compositions
US5011616A (en) Finish composition for fine denier polyamide yarn
US2264978A (en) Article of manufacture
US2184008A (en) Conditioning of yarns to adapt them for textile operations