US2251531A - Hosiery - Google Patents

Hosiery Download PDF

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Publication number
US2251531A
US2251531A US297970A US29797039A US2251531A US 2251531 A US2251531 A US 2251531A US 297970 A US297970 A US 297970A US 29797039 A US29797039 A US 29797039A US 2251531 A US2251531 A US 2251531A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
needles
thread
elastic thread
knitting
courses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US297970A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul L Thurston
Harrison F Hilker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTERWOVEN STOCKING CO
Original Assignee
INTERWOVEN STOCKING CO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INTERWOVEN STOCKING CO filed Critical INTERWOVEN STOCKING CO
Priority to US297970A priority Critical patent/US2251531A/en
Priority to US322874A priority patent/US2251533A/en
Priority to GB10716/40A priority patent/GB539759A/en
Priority to NL98443A priority patent/NL60872C/xx
Priority to FR880161D priority patent/FR880161A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2251531A publication Critical patent/US2251531A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/106—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern at a selvedge, e.g. hems or turned welts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/14—Needle cylinders
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/20—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for narrowing or widening; with reciprocatory action, e.g. for knitting of flat portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/54—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof welts, e.g. double or turned welts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/032—Flat fabric of variable width, e.g. including one or more fashioned panels

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to the manufacture of full-fashioned stockings, socks or anklets having a form-fitting and self-supporting top at the upper end of the leg, in which an elastic thread or threads is or are incorporated in certain courses in which the elastic thread is united to the fabric at spaced points or wales and floated on the inside of the top between such points of union so as to form horizontally extending beads on the inner face of the top to indent the leg and interlock therewith, thus permitting the stocking, sock or anklet to be held firmly in position on the leg Without the use of garters, and with a minimum of constriction from the elastic thread.
  • a circular plain knitting machine having a greater number of needles than the' full-fashioned knitting machine which is to knit the full-fashioned leg and foot of the stocking, sock or anklet, and remove therefrom a groupof consecutive needles of the circularlseries of needles so as to leavea number of needles equal to the number of needles 'of the full-fashioned machine in order to knit the top as a non-tubular plain knit fabric having vertical selvages at its opposite lateral edges, and to facilitate the attachment of said top to the full-fashioned leg by transferring the top to the needles of the full-fashioned knitting' machine, or by looping, sewing or otherwise;
  • the circular knitting machine is then 0perated in the formation of the top by reciprocating circular movement in conjuction with extending vertically down the back of the leg.
  • the formfitting and self-supporting top for a full-fashioned leg and foot by knitting the top of plain knittingwith incorporated elastic thread, preferably in the manner hereinafter described, on ⁇ a' simple circular plain knitting machine of the alternately in opposite directions is referred to as lcircular knitting to distinguish it from flat knit fabric produced 'on a full-fashioned knitting machine.
  • lcircular knitting unlike circular knitting produced by continuous rotation in one direction, it is not tubular seamless fabric but has lateral selvage edges and may be flattened out into a singlel plane.
  • the circular knit top preferably has a transfer course of stitches equal in number to the number of needles of a full-fashioned ,knitting machine, and can therefore be transto form the anti-ravel course.
  • an elastic thread may be incorporated in knitted fabrics in a number of ways, including the following:
  • the elastic thread By laying-in (as it is termed in the art) the elastic thread, by feeding it to the selected and preferably spaced needles, so that it lies below the latches thereof prior to the drawing of a stitch of body thread thereby in which case the elastic thread does not form part of any stitch, but is united to the fabric by the encirclement of the sinker wales on opposite sides of the stitches formed by the selected needles.
  • our invention may be carried out in any one of these ways, but for purposes of illustration, we have herein described the incorporation of the elastic thread by the first mentioned method, to wit, the laying-in of the elastic thread, s'o that it is not knit, but is held by the sinker wales on opposite sides of the stitches formed by the selectedv needles.
  • the circular knit top we prefer to provide it with a preliminary anti-ravel course of stitches at its upperedge through all of which the elastic thread extends preferably by feeding the elastic thread td everyv other oi' the needles which are temporarily raised above the intervening needles,
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the inner4 face of a circular knit rubber incorporated top for full-fashioned hosiery provided .with a course of enlarged transfer stitches and ravel courses and embodying our invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a full-fashioned stocking, sock or anklet having the circular knit top united to the upper end of the leg thereof.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a completed fullfashionecl sock provided. with the circular knit rubber incorporated top.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the cylinder and cams of the knitting machine for producing the top by reciprocating work as they would appear if cut and spread out in a single plane,
  • Fig. 5 is a similar view with the cylinder turned to a different position with respect to the cammechanism and indicating the position of the parts during the movement of thel cylinder in either direction after all of the needles have received their thread or threads.
  • Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 with the cyllcinder in slightly different relation to the cam mechanism showing the cam mechanism in position to produce the needle selection necessary for the introduction of the elastic thread at selected courses in the body portion of the top, and illustrating the rotary movement of the cylinder in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 7 vis,an'enlarged detailed partial section-al view -illustrating the needle cylinder,l the. needles, jacks and operations foreifecting the selection required for producing the anti-ravel top.
  • Fig. 8 is-a similar ⁇ view showing the parts in the positions which they occupy during the knitting of intermediate courses between those selected courses in which the elastic thread is incorporated.
  • Fig. 9 is a similar view showing the parts in a position which they occupy to effect a needle separation in the courses of the body of the top in which'the elastic thread is incorporated.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the needle selection for the production of the antiravel edge.l
  • Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the elastic thread fed to the selected needles.
  • Fig. 12 is a similar view showing the raising of the unselected needles to interlace the elastic thread so that it will pass in front of the selected needles and in rear of the unselected needles.
  • Fig. 13 is a similar view illustrating the'raising of all the needles to carry the elastic thread below the latches of the selected needles.
  • Fig. 14 is a similar view showing the needles passing down the main knitting wave and taking 'the body yarn in the hooks thereof.
  • Fig. 15 is a similar view showing the needles drawing loops of body yarn around the elastic yarn to produce the anti-ravel edge.
  • Fig. 16 is asimilar view showing the needles raised and the latches open preparatory to the following needle selection.
  • Fig. 17 is a similar view showing the second needle selection on the reverse reciprocation of the needle cylinder to feed the elastic thread to the selected needles.
  • Fig. 18 is a similar view showing the unselected needles raised in front of the elastic thread to interlace it between the selected and unselected needles.
  • Fig. 19 is a view similar to the preceding gures showing all needles raised to place the elastic thread under the latches of the selected needles.
  • Fig. 20 is a similar view showing all the needles taking the body yarn at the main knitting wave on the reverse movement of the cylinder.
  • Fig. 21 isr a similar view showing the antiravel course and the following course as produced at the upper edge of the top, the last course being held on the hooks of all the needles with the latches closed.
  • vI represents the needle cylinder of a suitable circular knitting machine forcarrying our invention into effect, and which is provided with a greater number of needles than the number of needles in the full-fashioned machine which is to knit the leg of the stocking.
  • 'I'he machine will also be provided with mechanism not shown for driving the cylinder first in one direction, and then in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • the machine will also be provided with a knitting cam mechanism which in this instance will' be stationary and supported by the usual cam ring.
  • a certain number of consecutive needles of the machine will lbe removed from the cylinder I, so that the remaining number of needles shall be equal to the number of needles of the full-fashioned machine which is to knit the -leg of the stocking.
  • This f leaves a gap which is indicated at G in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, in which -it appears in different locations in accordance with the position of the cylinder with respect to the cam mechanism.
  • the needles which will be indicated at n', n2, are pref-v erably provided with jacks indicated at- 2, and both the needles and the jacks are provided with suitable butts.
  • the needles are provided with butts 3, at their lower ends, while the jacks are shown with selecting butts 4, la, respectively, of different lengths, the longer butts being indicated at la.
  • the cam mechanism is preferably arranged as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 and comprises the main qknitting cam 5 and the auxiliary cams 6 and 1 o n opposite sides of the main knitting cam, the auxiliary knitting cams being movable into and out of operative position, preferably radial' of the cylinder, one being used when the cylinder is moved in one direction, and the other being Vbrought into operation when the cylinder isv moved in the opposite direction, while the rst mentioned auxiliary cam is withdrawn, and at certain times both auxiliary cams are withdrawn as hereinafter described.
  • riser cams 8 and 9 and I0 and II On opposite sides, of the auxiliary cams 6 and 1 are arranged riser cams 8 and 9 and I0 and II, the cams 9 and II being'provided-with cut away portions 9a and IIa, which are in alignment horizontally with the cams 8 to I0 respectively.
  • the riser cams 8 and I0 are movable into and out of'operative position, Aand obviously, when out of operation, permit the butts 3 of the needles to pass b y them and through the adjacent out away portions 9a and Ila of the cams 9 and II as will be readily understood;
  • the needles will be supported by the engagement of their butts 3 with the upper edge of the cam ring 20, and cams 8 and ⁇ I5 which are indicated in that figure in dotted lines will be withdrawn into inoperative position.
  • cams 8 and ⁇ I5 which are indicated in that figure in dotted lines will be withdrawn into inoperative position.
  • a needle separation is effected by the jack camo I4, which is pushed inward to its fullest extent.
  • the needle butts 3 of the unselected needles will engage the cam I0, which raises them to the height of the selected needles and in front of the elastic thread E, as shown in Fig. 12, thereby effecting the interlacing of the elastic thread z' front of the selected alternate needles n and in rear of the unselected intermediate needles n. Thereafter the butts 3 of all the needles engage the upper portion of cam II, which raises them with respect to the elastic thread, which will be held in the sinkers, thus bringing the elastic thread below the latches of the selected needles n.
  • the needles then pass the latch opener I9, which will insure the opening of any closed latches of the needles and all the needles will Athen be drawn down the main knitting wave W by the engagement of the butts 3 with the main knitting cam and auxiliary knitting cam 6, the needles receiving the body thread B from the nger I6, as shown in Fig. 14.
  • the selected needles n' and the unselected needles n respectively, draw loops of the body thread B on opposite sides of the elastic thread E, as shown in Fig. 15, thus forming an elastic anti-ravel course.
  • the second course of knitting or in other words, the course which immediately follows the anti-ravel course with the elastic thread which in this course and alll subsequent courses is fed to selected needles more widely spaced.
  • the cylinder is rotated 21A revolutions in counterclockwise direction (see Fig. 6) which shows the cylinder in a different position with respect to the cam mechanism so that the gap G appears at the left hand side of the ligure.
  • the cylinder is now being rotated in a counterclockwise direction indicated by the arrow b, and the first needles to receive the elastic thread will be those at the left of the gap G, indicated at the point indicated by Y.
  • the jack cam I5 will be moved into position, as shown in Fig. 9, to engage only the long butts 4a, which are provided on the jacks 2 for the selected needles, in this case every fourth needle, and will not engage the short butts 4 of any of the jacks.
  • the needles will then be drawn down by the main knitting cam 5 and auxiliary knitting cam 1, the auxiliary knitting cam 1 having been returned to operative position and auxiliary cam 6 having been withdrawn,and the needles will take the body thread B and draw a loop through the corresponding loop of the preceding course (see Fig.
  • the floated portions of the elastic thread are indicated at e.
  • the remainder of the top which may consist of any desired number of from each other by courses, is formed in the same manner as previously described-with reference to the formation of the second course where the elastic thread iS incorporated, and the elastic bearing courses are preferably separated by a series of courses in which no elastic thread is incorporated.
  • the elastic thread is incorporated in every third course, but as before stated, the extent of separation is immaterial, and may be varied to suit the views of different manufacturers.
  • the top is then pressed off by withdrawing one of the riser cams 8 or I0 as the case may be, permitting the needle butts to pass through the apertures 9a and Ila of be drawn down by one of the 4auxiliary cams 6 or 1, according to the direction of movement of the cylinder before the body thread can be fed to the needles from the finger I6.
  • This permits the latches of all of the needles to vclose and the needles will cast oi the loops of the last knitted courses of plain knit fabric, so that the top will drop from the machine and be suspended within the cylinder by portions of the body thread and elastic thread between the last stitches containing the same and the feed ngers therefor, and in position to set up a new top on bare needles and repeat the operations previously described.
  • tops as they come from the machine, as flat pieces of plain knitting with the elastic thread'incorporated therein as previously described, and having lateral longitudinal selvages formed at opposite sides of the gap G, and connected by the portions of the body, thread and elastic thread.
  • the tops are then separated cutting the elastic thread close to the last stitch in which it occurs, and severing the body thread so as which is available, for unraveling the ravel ⁇ courses b2, and back to the transfer course b', after it has been applied to the needles of a fullfashioned knitting machine and the leg of the stocking is knit thereon integrally with the circular plain knit form-fitting and self-supporting vages of the fabric toform the cams 9 and ⁇ Il, and v to leave an end top.
  • No binder or cutter istherefore required on the circular knitting machine and the thread feed fingers remain always in operative position.
  • the elastic thread is preferably delivered from the feed finger I1 under desired tension, the tension being applied in any suitable manner and to any suitable degree.
  • we have shown diagrammatically, a tension device 2
  • leg and foot of the stocking may be made on one fullfashioned machine if desired, or the leg may be knit on one full-fashioned machineand then transferred to a full-fashioned footer on which the foot is knit.
  • the completed stocking in either case will be like that shown in Fig. 2, in which T represents the circular knit form-fitting top, Lthe leg, F the foot.
  • the stocking is completed as shown in Fig. 3 by uniting the edges of the stocking fabric in the usual manner to form the .seam S, extending down the back of the top of the leg, and heel portions, and along the bottom of the foot, the portion of the seam at its upper end indicated at s, .uniting the longitudinal selva-ge edges of the top T.
  • the elastic thread E is continuous Ithroughout all the courses in which it occurs and is connected from one course to the next course in which it occurs, at or adjacent to opposite edges or sellongitudinal oats indicated at e in Fig. 1.
  • tops being formed separately on a simple circular plain knitting machine by reciprocating work as a top having lateral selvages and being of less length than the circumference of the circular series of needles, these tops being capable of being produced onthe simplest form of circular knitting machine capable of knitting :a tubular fabric or upon other available circular knitting machines capable of producing a plain knit tubular fabric, which may be available for use, these tops being transferred to the full-fashioned knitting machine, so 'that the leg may be knit integrally therewith, or being otherwise appropriately secured to the leg knit on the full-fashioned machine.
  • the remainder of the stocking on the full-fashioned machine it may be formed by rib knitting throughout portions or all of the leg and the top of the foot, or by plain knitting, as may be desired or found advantageous'.
  • suitable take-up mechanism may be employed to take up the slack of the body thread, and also the elastic thread, if necessary or desirable, when the rotary movement of the cylinder is reversed at the ends of its reciproI cating movements.
  • a plain knit form fitting and self-supporting top for an article of hosiery comprising a plurality of courses of stitches formed of inelastic thread said courses terminating at each end in lateral longitudinal selvages, and a continuous elastic thread extending back and forth across the fabric from one of said selvages to the other with successive extents of the elastic thread in spaced courses of the fabric separated by courses rality of courses of stitches formed of inelastic thread by circular knitting in alternately opposite directions, said courses terminating at each end in a lateral longitudinal selvage, and an elastic thread extending through the sinker loops of the first course of inelastic thread to form an anti-ravel edge and incorporated in subsequent recurrent .courses of the fabric separated by courses of inelastic thread onlythe elastic thread in said subsequent courses being united to the fabric at spaced wales separated by not less than two intervening wales and floated on the inner face of the fabric between the wales at which it is united.
  • a full-fashioned article of hosiery having a plain knit form fitting and self-supporting top portion comprising a plurality of courses of stitches formed of inelastic thread by drawing the stitches successively, proceeding in one direction for one course and in the opposite direction for asucceedingfcourse, said courses terminating at each end in a lateral longitudinal selvage, andA an elastic thread incorporated under tension in certain courses of said top portion by being united with the fabric at spaced wales and floated on the inner face of the ⁇ fabric between said wales, and plain knit legfand foot portions comprising a plurality of courses of stitches formed of inelastic thread by drawing the stitches of an entire course simultaneously, the upper edge of the leg portion being united to the lower edge of said top portion and the' longitudinal edges of said foot, leg and top portions being united by a vertical seam.
  • A'plain knit form fitting and self-supporting top for an article of hosiery comprisinga plurality of courses of stitches formed of inelastic thread by drawing the stitches successively, proceeding in one direction for one c'ourse and in the opposite direction for the succeeding course,
  • said courses terminatingK at each end in a selvage, and an elastic thread extending coursewise in certain courses of the fabric, united to the fabric at spaced points in said courses and floated on the inner face of the fabric between said points, said elastic thread being incorporated under suilcient tension to contract the fabric into vertically extending ribs or ridges when in undistended condition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US297970A 1939-10-05 1939-10-05 Hosiery Expired - Lifetime US2251531A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US297970A US2251531A (en) 1939-10-05 1939-10-05 Hosiery
US322874A US2251533A (en) 1939-10-05 1940-03-08 Process of knitting
GB10716/40A GB539759A (en) 1939-10-05 1940-06-21 Improvements in hosiery and process and apparatus for making
NL98443A NL60872C (fr) 1939-10-05 1940-07-24
FR880161D FR880161A (fr) 1939-10-05 1940-08-31 Articles de bonneterie et procédé et métier servant à les fabriquer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US297970A US2251531A (en) 1939-10-05 1939-10-05 Hosiery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2251531A true US2251531A (en) 1941-08-05

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ID=23148459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US297970A Expired - Lifetime US2251531A (en) 1939-10-05 1939-10-05 Hosiery

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2251531A (fr)
FR (1) FR880161A (fr)
GB (1) GB539759A (fr)
NL (1) NL60872C (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2686760A (en) * 1951-10-27 1954-08-17 Shell Dev Hydraulic fluids and lubricating compositions
US20090044572A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2009-02-19 Gunze Limited Terminal knitting texture and clothing provided with this terminal knitting texture

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2941468C (fr) 2014-03-07 2017-08-29 Aspen Medical Partners, Llc Orthese ayant des parties elastiques et non elastiques
USD812236S1 (en) 2016-06-17 2018-03-06 Aspen Medical Partners, Llc Back brace

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2686760A (en) * 1951-10-27 1954-08-17 Shell Dev Hydraulic fluids and lubricating compositions
US20090044572A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2009-02-19 Gunze Limited Terminal knitting texture and clothing provided with this terminal knitting texture
US7634923B2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2009-12-22 Gunze Limited Terminal knitting texture and clothing provided with this terminal knitting texture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL60872C (fr) 1948-03-16
FR880161A (fr) 1943-03-16
GB539759A (en) 1941-09-23

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