US2233194A - Rotating anode x-ray tube - Google Patents

Rotating anode x-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2233194A
US2233194A US237026A US23702638A US2233194A US 2233194 A US2233194 A US 2233194A US 237026 A US237026 A US 237026A US 23702638 A US23702638 A US 23702638A US 2233194 A US2233194 A US 2233194A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
envelope
anode
cathode
ray tube
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US237026A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Zed J Atlee
Malvern J Gross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric X Ray Corp
Original Assignee
General Electric X Ray Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE436805D priority Critical patent/BE436805A/xx
Application filed by General Electric X Ray Corp filed Critical General Electric X Ray Corp
Priority to US237026A priority patent/US2233194A/en
Priority to FR861025D priority patent/FR861025A/fr
Priority to DEL99295D priority patent/DE738508C/de
Priority to GB28715/39A priority patent/GB533267A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2233194A publication Critical patent/US2233194A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1026—Means (motors) for driving the target (anode)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/16—Vessels
    • H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
    • H01J2235/166—Shielding arrangements against electromagnetic radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in X-ray apparatus of the type which includes an X-ray tube having a stationary cathode and a relatively rotatable anode or target.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of an X-ray tube suitably embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation on a Vreduced scale showing the tube of Fig. 1 enclosed Within an insulation-filled container.
  • the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises an elongated envelope I0 which consists mainly of glass and which is of a generally cylindrical outline.
  • a cathode comprising a filament It, shown in dotted outline, and a focusing body i3.
  • the latter is associated with the filament in such a way as to concentrate the electrons emitted therefrom into a focused beam.
  • Lead-in connections I4 and I5 permit heating current to be supplied to the filament l2.
  • shielding housing I6 which serves to protect the cathode lead-in seal and to reduce the amount of secondary radiation through the end of the tube.
  • the anode is rotated at relatively high speed by means of an induction rotor element which suitably comprises a cylindrical iron core 2Q having a squirrel cage or other winding (not shown)
  • an induction rotor element which suitably comprises a cylindrical iron core 2Q having a squirrel cage or other winding (not shown)
  • a further extension of the anode struc- (Cl. Z-148) ture comprising a body 2l of good heat conducting material may be provided to increase the heat dispersing capacity of the 'structure as a whole.
  • the part 2l as well as the other parts of the anode may be coated externally with a 5 blackening material which serves to improve heat radiation therefrom.
  • a shaft 23 which extends into the interior of the discharge 10 envelope through a glass-to-metal seal (not shown).
  • the shaft and the rotating parts are separated by means of anti-friction bearings (not shown) which permit free rotation of the anode structure.
  • an electromagnetic stator structure of known type. This comprises a laminated iron core member 25, arranged to surround the envelope, and energizing windings 26 wound in slots of the core member. It is the function of the stator structure to provide a rotating magnetic field which operates to drive the rotor 2i). To this end the windings 26 may be energized either from a polyphase source or from a single phase source through a phase-splitting connection.
  • a sufliciently high potential is applied between the cathode and anode to produce a beam of electrons (indicated in dotted outline at 30) which impinges on a selected region of the target face.
  • the beam forms a focal spot which may be circular or elongated as the condition of use may require.
  • the X-rays which are generated at the target face by the action of the impinged electrons are permitted to escape from the envelope through a window 32 which comprises a thin portion of the envelope wall.
  • the focal spot which should be of small dimensions for best results, sometimes assumes an enlarged or blurred appearance.
  • our invention avoids this difiioulty by providing between the stator structure and the interelectrocle space a special shielding member adapted to prevent the effects of the magnetic field from extending into the space.
  • This member may be provided either inside or outside the envelope enclosure. (If inside, its potential should be fixed as by connection to the cathode.)
  • the member takes the form of a substantially continuous external sleeve 34 of steel or other magnetic material which extends from the core 25 to and beyond the region which encloses the discharge path. It is the function of this sleeve to provide a low reluctance path for the magnetic flux produced by the stator and to prevent such iiux from extending into the discharge space. By its use, one avoids the magnetic displacement of the electron beam referred to in the foregoing.
  • an additional sleeve 35 which is constituted of an X-ray impervious substance such as lead and which serves to reduce radiation of X-rays in undesired directions.
  • a continuous imperforate cylinder 36 of an insulating material such as a phenolic condensation product which extends along the entire length of the discharge envelope and which is interposed between the envelope ⁇ and the stator structure.
  • the elements 34 and 35 are preferably provided with aligned openings adjacent to the Window 32 so as to avoid obstruction of the X-rays.
  • the invention described in the foregoing is considered primarily useful in apparatus Where the X-ray producing device is to be enclosed in an oil-filled casing.
  • the need for compactness requires a construction in which the electromagnetic structure is in close proximity to the inter-electrode space so that its eiiect on the electron beam is exaggerated.
  • This type of construction is exemplifiedby the tube shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing and its incorporation in an enclosing casing is illustrated schematically in Fig. 2.
  • the casing which is adapted to be filled with oil, isindicated at 38.
  • An X-ray apparatus comprising an elongated glass envelope, a stationary cathode and a rotatable anode defining a discharge space therebetween, means associated with the cathode for L' focusing theelectrons emitted thereby into a convcentrated stream, a rotor for driving the anode positioned relatively remote from the discharge space, an electromagnetic stator having an iron core which symmetrically surrounds the envelope in a ⁇ region adjacent to the rotor, and a sleeve of magnetic material outside the envelope and extendingfromthe iron core of the 4stator to a region which ⁇ surrounds the discharge space, the said sleeve serving to shield the discharge space from-the stator field.
  • An 'X-ray apparatus comprising an envelope consisting substantially entirely of glass, a stationary cathode and a rotatable anode Within the envelope, focusing means associated with the cathode for directing a concentrated stream of electrons from said cathode toward a restricted @area of said ⁇ anode, a rotor connected to the anode forfdriving the same, an electromagnetic stator ⁇ structure symmetrically surrounding the envelope, Said structure being eiective When encrgized to produce a rotating magnetic field of a character adapted simultaneously to cause rotation vof said rotor and to produce objectionable oscillatory deflection of said electron stream, and a 'shield of magnetic material separate from the envelope and? interposed between the stator structureiand the path of the electron stream for preventing the said oscillatory vdeflection of the stream.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US237026A 1938-10-26 1938-10-26 Rotating anode x-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US2233194A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE436805D BE436805A (fr) 1938-10-26
US237026A US2233194A (en) 1938-10-26 1938-10-26 Rotating anode x-ray tube
FR861025D FR861025A (fr) 1938-10-26 1939-10-20 Perfectionnements aux tubes à rayons x avec anode tournante
DEL99295D DE738508C (de) 1938-10-26 1939-10-24 Roentgenroehre mit Glaswandung und elektromagnetisch angetriebener Drehanode
GB28715/39A GB533267A (en) 1938-10-26 1939-10-26 Improvements in and relating to x-ray tubes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US237026A US2233194A (en) 1938-10-26 1938-10-26 Rotating anode x-ray tube

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2233194A true US2233194A (en) 1941-02-25

Family

ID=22892042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US237026A Expired - Lifetime US2233194A (en) 1938-10-26 1938-10-26 Rotating anode x-ray tube

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2233194A (fr)
BE (1) BE436805A (fr)
DE (1) DE738508C (fr)
FR (1) FR861025A (fr)
GB (1) GB533267A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812469A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tube arrangement
US2890358A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-06-09 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US3109951A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-11-05 Dunlee Corp Rotary X-ray tube target
US3240967A (en) * 1959-07-31 1966-03-15 Krastchew Christoslaw Cooling arrangement for electric machines
US3736457A (en) * 1971-03-25 1973-05-29 Gen Electric Radiation shielded electron discharge device
US5218262A (en) * 1992-04-06 1993-06-08 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Apparatus for retaining an electrode by a magnetically shielded magnet
US5384820A (en) * 1992-01-06 1995-01-24 Picker International, Inc. Journal bearing and radiation shield for rotating housing and anode/stationary cathode X-ray tubes
EP1120808A2 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-08-01 Lohmann X-Ray GmbH Tube à rayons X avec noyau d'anode tournante
US11309160B2 (en) * 2020-05-08 2022-04-19 GE Precision Healthcare LLC Methods and systems for a magnetic motor X-ray assembly

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE956966C (de) * 1943-02-27 1957-01-24 Aeg Abgeschmolzene Drehanodenroentgenroehre
IT8247873A0 (it) * 1981-03-03 1982-02-26 Machlett Lab Inc Perfezionamento nei tubi generatori di raggi x con schermo statorico

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812469A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tube arrangement
US2890358A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-06-09 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US3240967A (en) * 1959-07-31 1966-03-15 Krastchew Christoslaw Cooling arrangement for electric machines
US3109951A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-11-05 Dunlee Corp Rotary X-ray tube target
US3736457A (en) * 1971-03-25 1973-05-29 Gen Electric Radiation shielded electron discharge device
US5384820A (en) * 1992-01-06 1995-01-24 Picker International, Inc. Journal bearing and radiation shield for rotating housing and anode/stationary cathode X-ray tubes
US5218262A (en) * 1992-04-06 1993-06-08 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Apparatus for retaining an electrode by a magnetically shielded magnet
EP1120808A2 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-08-01 Lohmann X-Ray GmbH Tube à rayons X avec noyau d'anode tournante
EP1120808A3 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-09-19 Lohmann X-Ray GmbH Tube à rayons X avec noyau d'anode tournante
US11309160B2 (en) * 2020-05-08 2022-04-19 GE Precision Healthcare LLC Methods and systems for a magnetic motor X-ray assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE436805A (fr)
FR861025A (fr) 1941-01-30
DE738508C (de) 1943-08-19
GB533267A (en) 1941-02-10

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