US2226107A - Braun tube, more particularly for television purposes - Google Patents

Braun tube, more particularly for television purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2226107A
US2226107A US756126A US75612634A US2226107A US 2226107 A US2226107 A US 2226107A US 756126 A US756126 A US 756126A US 75612634 A US75612634 A US 75612634A US 2226107 A US2226107 A US 2226107A
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United States
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
lens
aperture
electron
potential
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Expired - Lifetime
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US756126A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Schlesinger
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LOEWE RADIO Inc
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LOEWE RADIO Inc
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Application filed by LOEWE RADIO Inc filed Critical LOEWE RADIO Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/62—Electrostatic lenses
    • H01J29/622—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution
    • H01J29/624—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution co-operating with or closely associated to an electron gun

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ffurther developments of Braun tubesvcomprising electron optical systems.
  • the invention relates to a particular embodiment of the electron-optical systemsand" to Braun tubes furnished with systems of thischaracter.
  • the diameter of the, cylinder corre- 125 sponding with this lens is, in accordance with the invention, considerably increased, so that in the samea practically fieldlessspace results.
  • the diameter of theother'cylinder it is also possible to. close the, particular cylina 3 der by means of a diaphragm having an' aperture,
  • the cylinders in -accordance with the invention, may be replaced in equivalent fashion by pairs of condenser plates or preferably by metallic boxes.
  • a corv .versalof thetwo refractive effects may be accomplished simply by reversing th'ebiases H 7 crease in the.diameter.of that. particular tubular 10 effective space is to be produced, as shown in refractive efiect, i. e., for increasing the focaldissigns there indicated-the stateof. charge of lens with simultaneous acceleration.
  • the cylinder 2 acts as combinationtoi aicollecting lens with a dispersing lens. of equal power.
  • lens with retardation within I whilst the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5 acts as collecting lens with simultaneous retardation within 2.
  • a lens'of this nature is illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • the same consists of a tubular member I, which is as wide as possible and accordingly permits of the use of thick bundles, in front of a diaphragm 8 which somewhat reduces the cross-section, I having a lower potential than the diaphragm 8 If the diaphragm 8 with its reduction of crosssection is omitted, there is formed, subject to at least partial conductivity (for example provision of a metallic coating) and charging of the wall of the bulb 9 to the high potential a combined lens system corresponding with Fig. 1, in which following on a collecting lens, which is to be considered as being arranged in the tube 1, there is a dispersing lens, which is to be regarded as being localised in the bulb portion 9.
  • a dispersing lens with a collecting lens, which may be arranged at a relatively large distance apart, it is possible according to theinvention with the same length of tube to obtain a better reduction of the image point than occurs in the case of the single-lens tube described in Fig. 6 (reversed tele-objective)
  • Figs. 7 and 8 there are shown two forms of embodiment of Braun tubes according to the invention, making use of the accelerating or retarding lenses described in Figs. 1-5.
  • a diaphragm 4 which is lighted for example by means of the condenser arrangement described in the following and is preferably connected with a comparatively low positive potential (for example 100 volts).
  • the total length of the tubular portion up to the point 6 may be the same as in the case of the single-lens tube according to Fig. 6.
  • a final anode raised to the highest potential occurring and having an aperture exceeding the largest cross-section of bundle is linked up with the potential of the diaphragm 4
  • an additional tubular portion ll is provided between I and 6 there is provided.
  • FIG. 8 A tube having the same electronic optic but with different accelerating and retarding conditions is illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • a diaphragm aperture 4 is lighted with a bundle of electrons as parallel as possible.
  • a tubular portion I0 raised to medium potential
  • a diaphragm l8 which is insulated against the same, and with which the tube H is connected and raised to the lower potential
  • an anode 6 raised to the maximum potential available
  • a dispersing lens in the indicated position l9, which acts as retarding lens on the lines of Fig. 4, and a collecting lens 20 with simultaneous acceleration on the lines of Fig. 2.
  • a further object of the invention are means for lighting the small diaphragm aperture 4 representing the object to be reproduced with the greatest possible density of light and smallest possible opening of the bundle of rays.
  • the latter requirement is particularly important in tubes according to Figs. '7 and 8, which operate with combined lens systems, as in tubes of this nature a bundle which already diverges in the diaphragm aperture 4 may assume such an expanse that at the point of the final concentration lens (I5 or 20 in Figs. 7 and 8 respectively) it is not fully embraced by the lens aperture and, therefore, is weakened in part by selection.
  • apertures delighted.withoutdoss may be made :with algiven cathodesurface 2t, the shorter-are the televisionv tubes, andthe more parallel the bundle ofv rays ismade theggreater imay be the dispersionsv employed in the method according to Figs. 7. and 8 without the-bundle afterwards possessing aninadmissibly great cross-sections
  • These features all assist towards a reduction in the structural lengthuof the tube. and in an improvementin the sensitiveness of deflection .by increase of the ratio between deflectedlength of ofima'ge field and image point, e
  • the combination of. the two lenses 24) 25 ispro: du ed-by a-double-cylinder arrangement without intermediate diaphragins on the lines of-thean rangement illustrated in Fig-. 1, in such fashion cylinder 28 -01; theQsame diameter; These c37 inders are distinctly determined both asregards their; lengthl a's well as their diameter *by'the,
  • centration effect always presents in the front lar'me'mber 28i sholildzat leastfbe iqual toand ,preferablygreatier to the xextent'iof app'roxi mately'twice the amount*thanz the length of .thefronttubul'ar member: 21, as may be proved by making a recordv ofthepotential line dia+ On'the otherihand' it hasbeen found con venient according tozthe invention'to connect the front tubular member-'21 electrically. with the suctional anode 26, and also" the rear tubular member 28 with the diaphragm 4, asjin this manner the formation of additional lens-fields at the transition pointsbetw'een the stated electrodes is avoided.
  • the passageof the rayin-thec'ondenser is determined by. the ratio between the radial field intensity and the-particular speed of the electrons.
  • the former is increased by reducing in proportion the entire di ameter and longitudinal dimensions of the condenser. With b-iasses maintained constant all field intensities inthe interior of the condensers are thus increased in proportion. In this manner it is possible to reduce the requisite differ-- ence in potential between the suctional anode 26 and the diva phragmfl, and to increase the difference in potential between the suctional anode and zero). ,H r
  • the arrangement may be dimensioned, for example, as follows:
  • A' condenser arrangement of this character may be thecathode (with the potential controlled in faultless manner as regards its intensity by means ofv a diaphragm-like control grid29 through.
  • the medium of a control potengrid 29 may inf practice also possess a greater diameter thanthe cathode (1-2 mm. )y:and is preferably approached as near towards the spot of oxide as possible in order to increase the V steepness of the control.
  • the same may; be arranged at a distance of approximately 1 mm.
  • the cyl inders 21' and 23. are conveniently: engaged by set on collars'l land 26, and the lattercentred in relation to each other-by means of common glass rods 31 passing through borings in these collars. Inplace ofthe. rods there may also be employed glass. tubes, and in the borings thereof the leads to other parts of the system arranged in insulated fashion. These.
  • Both the condenser opticas well as reproducing optic according to the invention may be employed quite readilyin Braun tubes of a desired kind, and more particularly high-vacuum tubes for television purposes, and also other discharge vessels, for example amplifier tubes according to the transverse field principle.
  • a Braun tube may contain the combination of a first electron-optical system for example as shown in Fig. 9 with reproducing ystem, for example, as shown in Figs. 6-8,'as illustrated by way of example in Fig. 10 which shows, Within an envelope, an electrode structure according to the invention in an entirely diagrammatic fashion, means being provided for supplying the different electrodes with the necessary potentials.
  • Such means may consist in a manner known per se of one or more potential sources. If one potential source, for example, a battery, be used, the same may be bridged by a potentiometer having several tappings which correspond to the different required voltages. Different elements having to be supplied with the same bias may be connected inside the tube with one another.
  • the Braun tube further comprises a picture receiving screen and deflecting means such as two pairs of deflecting plates for the purpose of scanning said screen.
  • the deflecting means may be such that they are not able to'produce a disturbance of the electric concentrating field.
  • electro-static deflecting systems to the one plate of each-deflecting system the deflecting voltage and to theother plate a voltage should be applied, whichis equal to said defleeting voltage asto its potential, but which is of reverse phase. With the-use of such systems disturbances of the concentrating field easily may be avoided.
  • the electron-optical systems of the invention follow approximately the formula spanner of: this formula, though- -the focal distance beinga'djustable at Will.these distances determine the size. of the image point. only.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for; producing a cathode beam, a diaphragm having an aperture disposed in the path of the cathode beam, a beam receiving target and means for producing in the space between said diaphragm and said target an electron-optical lens field for producing on said target an electron image of the aperture in said diaphragm, means for preconcentrating the electron beam onto the aperture in said diaphragm comprising two coaxial cylindrical elements of substantially equal diameter displaced axially on the side of said diaphragm remote from said target, the whole cross-section of said cylindrical elements being open at their ends facing each other, said two cylindrical elements positioned coaxially with respect to the aperture in said diaphragm, said two cylindrical elements being adapted to have difierent potentials impressed thereon to produce tne combination 01' a converging and a diverging electron lens.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including an electron source for producing a cathode beam, a diaphragm having an aperture disposed in the path of the cathode beam, a cathode ray intensity control electrode, said cathode ray intensity control electrode being mounted in the vicinity of said source between said source and said diaphragm, a beam receiving target and means for producing in the space between said diaphragm and said target an electron-optical lens field for producing on said target an electron image of the aperture in said diaphragm, means for preconcentrating the electron beam onto the aperture in said diaphragm comprising two co-axial cylindrical elements of substantially equal diameter displaced axially between said control electrode and said diaphragm and positioned substantially coaxially with respect to the aperture in said diaphragm, the whole cross-section of said cylindrical elements being open at their opposed ends, said two cylindrical elements being adapted to have different substantially fixed potentials impressed thereon to produce the combination of a converging and a diverging electron lens
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including an electron source for producing a cathode beam, a diaphragm having an aperture disposed in the path of the cathode beam, a cathode ray intensity control electrode, said cathode ray intensity control electrode being mounted in the vicinity of said source between said source and said diaphragm, a beam receiving target and means for producing in the space between said diaphragm and said beam receiving target an electron optical lens field for producing on said target an electron image of the aperture in said diaphragm, means for preconcentrating the electron beam onto the aperture in said diaphragm comprising two coaxial cylindrical elements of substantially equal diameter displaced axially between said control electrode and said diaphragm and positioned coaxially with respect to the aperture in said diaphragm, the whole cross-section of said cylindrical elements being open at their ends facing each other, said two cylindrical elements being different in length and adapted to have different substantially constant potentials impressed thereon to produce the combination of a converging and a
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means ineluding an electron source for producing a cathode beam, a diaphragm having an aperture disposed inthev path of the cathode beam, means for preconcentratingthe electron beam onto the aperture in said diaphragm comprising two i in axial cylindrical elements of substantially equal 7 diameter displaced axially between said source and said diaphragm, said two cylindrical elements having the aperture in said diaphragm centrally aligned therewith, said two cylindrical elements being adapted to have *diiTerent potentials impressed thereon to produce the combination of a convergent and a divergent electron lens, a beam receiving target at the end of the cathode 1 ray tube remote from said source, and an electron-optical system mounted between said diaphragm and said target for electronoptically reproducing the aperture in said diaphragm on said target, said electron-optical system comprising two axially displaced tubular members positioned coaxially with respect to said cylindrical elements
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including an electron source for producing a cathode beam, a diaphragm having an aperture disposed in the path of the cathode beam, means for preconcentrating the electron beam ontothe aperture in said diaphragm comprising two axially displaced coaxial cylindrical elements of substantially equal diameter mounted between said source and said diaphragm, said two cylindrical elements being positioned coaxially with respect to the aperture in said diaphragm, said two cy-' lindrical elements being adapted to have different potentials impressed thereon to produce the combination of a convergent and a divergent electron lens, a beam receiving target at the end of 'the cathode ray tube remote from said source,
  • said electron-optical system comprising two axially displaced tubular members mounted coaxially with respect to said cylindrical elements and positioned between said diaphragm and said beam receiving target, andian apertured plate mounted adjacent the end, facing said beam receiving target, of each of said tubular members in a crossa "space between said diaphragm and said target an electron-optical lens fieldfor producing on said target anelectron image of thejaperture in said diaphragm, means for preconcentrating the electron beam onto the aperture in said diaphragm comprising two coaxial cylindrical elements displaced axially between saidcontrol electrode and said diaphragmand positioned substantially coaxiallywith respect to the aperture in said diaphragm, the i whole cross-section of said cylindrical elements being open attheir opposed ends, said two cylindrical elements being adapted to have difierent constant potentials impressed thereonto produce

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  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
US756126A 1933-12-09 1934-12-05 Braun tube, more particularly for television purposes Expired - Lifetime US2226107A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE215764X 1933-12-09

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US2226107A true US2226107A (en) 1940-12-24

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US756126A Expired - Lifetime US2226107A (en) 1933-12-09 1934-12-05 Braun tube, more particularly for television purposes

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US (1) US2226107A (xx)
BE (1) BE406706A (xx)
CH (1) CH215764A (xx)
FR (1) FR45657E (xx)
GB (2) GB453223A (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436833A (en) * 1942-06-15 1948-03-02 Int Standard Electric Corp High density beam tube
US2597363A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-05-20 Ibm Cathode-ray storage tube
US2769115A (en) * 1951-08-20 1956-10-30 Russell J Callender Method and means for producing high degree television picture brilliance
US2792515A (en) * 1951-06-22 1957-05-14 Thomas Electrics Inc Cathode ray tube
US2911563A (en) * 1957-04-24 1959-11-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrostatic lens and deflection system
US2919378A (en) * 1953-02-18 1959-12-29 Loewe Opta Ag Static electronic lens for electron beam valves
US3863091A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-01-28 Hitachi Ltd Electron gun assembly with improved unitary lens system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436833A (en) * 1942-06-15 1948-03-02 Int Standard Electric Corp High density beam tube
US2792515A (en) * 1951-06-22 1957-05-14 Thomas Electrics Inc Cathode ray tube
US2597363A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-05-20 Ibm Cathode-ray storage tube
US2769115A (en) * 1951-08-20 1956-10-30 Russell J Callender Method and means for producing high degree television picture brilliance
US2919378A (en) * 1953-02-18 1959-12-29 Loewe Opta Ag Static electronic lens for electron beam valves
US2911563A (en) * 1957-04-24 1959-11-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrostatic lens and deflection system
US3863091A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-01-28 Hitachi Ltd Electron gun assembly with improved unitary lens system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE406706A (xx)
GB453270A (en) 1936-09-08
GB453223A (en) 1936-09-08
CH215764A (de) 1941-07-15
FR45657E (fr) 1935-11-13

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