US2224920A - Underfired regenerator coke oven - Google Patents

Description

c. oT-ro 2,224,920

UNDERFIRED REGENERATOR COKE OVEN Filed July l, 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet l //////Q /n/Q/ 13 CARL OTTO Dec. 17, 1940. c. oTTO UNDERFIRED REGENERATOR COKE OVEN Filed July 1, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 -ATTO R N EY and adapted to be heated by the combustion in Y Patented Dec. 17, 1940 UNITED STATES UNDERFIRED REGENERATOR COKE OVEN Carl Otto, The Hague, Netherlands, assignor to Fuel Refining Corporation, Dover, Del., a corporation of Delaware Application July 1, 1938, Serial No. 216,862

8 Claims.

The general object of the present invention is to provide improved heating means in an underred regenerative coke oven battery, and particularly in a battery having vertical heating ues said iiues of either a lean-fuel gas which is, or a rich fuel gas which is not, regeneratively preheated. More specifically, the object of the invention is to provide such a coke oven battery with improved means for regulating the relative amounts of heat imparted to the coking chamber charges at different levels.

In accordance with the present invention, I make use of so-called high and low burners, i. e., richfuel gas supply passage outlets opening to the combustion ues at different levels. The underfired, regenerative, hairpin flue, coke oven batteries now in Wide use, are customarily provided with high burners in some flues and low burners in other ues. In accordance with the present invention, a low burner and a high" burner is provided in each of a plurality of flues not necessarily of the hairpin type, which are distributed along the length of each heating Wall, and the invention is characterized by the disposition of the numerous gas supply passages which extend up to the burners from the bottom of the masonry mass of the battery, and are regulable.

to permit the amounts of gas simultaneously adjusted, to increase the heat supplied to the upper, or to the lower portion of the charge, Without necessarily changing the total amount of gas burned in each twin flue, and passing therefrom into the associated regenerators.

In accordance with the present invention, I'

avoid difliculties which would be experienced if all of the numerous uprising passages for the different burners in a single heating wall extended upwardly through the subjacent pillar wall, by locating some of the. supply passages for burners in one heating wall in each of two, or in some cases, three different regenerator division Walls. In preferred constructions, the supply passages for some, at least, of the simultaneously operable burners in two adjacent heating walls extend upward through a regenerator division Wall intermediate the pillar walls beneath the two heating walls. In the preferred forms of the invention, also, I supply gas tothe uprising supply passages through horizontal distribution conduits extending transversely of the battery, within the lower portion of the masonry mass or body of the under-l red battery, in the special manner disclosed and generically claimed in my co-pending application illed June 6, 1938, Serial No. 212,084.

The various features of novelty which characterize the present invention are pointed out underflred coke oven battery, the section being Fig. 2 is a partial vertical section taken on the 15 line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, of a device shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, of another device shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial section on a larger scale than that of Figs. l and 2, with its right hand portion taken on the line i-I, and its left hand portion taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a view taken similarly to Fig. 5 illus- 25 trating a modication of the construction shown in Figs. 1 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken similarly to Fig. 5 illustrating a modiied construction;

Fig. 8 is a partial horizontal section taken on 30 tion being 'taken on the line 9 9, and theleft l hand portion on the line 9-9A of Fig. 10;

Fig. 10 is a section taken atright angles to Fig. 9 with its left, central and right hand portions taken on the lines I0-I0, Ill-IDA, and lB-IUB, respectively, of Fig. 9; and

Fig. 11 is a partial section on the line Il-ll 40 of Fig. 7.

In Figs. 1-5 of the drawings, I have illustrated theuse of one form of the present invention in a regenerative underfired, horizontalcoke oven battery comprising a brickwork block or mass sup- 45 ported on a deck member` A, through an interposed masonry layer AA. The vdeck member A is customarily in the form of a slab oi reinforced concrete, and as shown, is divided into sections,

by expansion joints A', the said joints extending 50 upper story includes horizontally elongated coking chambers C, alternating with heating walls D.

' Each of the latter is formed with vertical ilues d alternating with vertical iiues d'. The ilues d and d are connected at their upper ends in pairs to form twin or hairpin flues. Each twin or hairpin flue comprises two side by side branches, d and d', connected at or adjacent their lower ends, as hereinafter explained, to different regenerators, and to different rich fuel gas supply passages, the latter having 1ow" and high burner outlets D and U, respectively. 'I'he lower story comprises two side by side regenerator chambers E and e, between each two adjacent pillar walls F, there being one pillar wall F directly beneath each heating wall D. Midway between each two adjacent pillar walls F, and interposed between the corresponding regenerators E and e, is an intermediate regenerator division wall f.

The regenerators E and 'e have sole channels E' and e through which waste heating gases pass from the regenerators through corresponding reversing valves G, to a waste heat tunnel G at one side ci' the battery, or, alternatively and as shown in Fig. 1, there may be a waste heat tunnel G at each side of the battery, with each end of each sole channel E and e connected through a corresponding valve G to each tunnel G'. With a tunnel G' at each side of the battery, each of the regenerators E and e, and each of their sole channels E and e', may be divided into two aligned sections, by a vertical partition E extending longitudinally of the battery adjacent its central plane.

The coke oven battery shown in Figs. 1 to 5, is a so-called combination oven battery, adapt# ed for operation either with a rich fuel gas which is not regeneratively preheated, or with a`lean fuel gas which needs to be regeneratively preheated. In operation with rich fuel gas, all of the regenerators E and e are used in preheating combustion air. In operation, with lean fuel gas,

the regenerators E are used in preheating combustion air as in rich gas operation, but the regenerators e are used in preheating the lean fuel gas. l

Each of the regenerators E and e, alternately receives products of combustion from,`and supplies preheated air 'or lean fuel gas to one set of twin flue branches d or d in each of the two heating walls above the pillar walls F at the opposite sides of the regenerators. In the arrangement shown, fuel gas is supplied at any one time to the ue branches d, in every second heating wall, and to the branches d in the remaining heating walls.

All of the forms of the invention illustrated herein are alike in having regenerator and heating flue connections H, H', h and h', of the character shown best in Figs. 9 and 10. Each regenerator E is connected by an inclined duct or passage H to one branch, d or d', of each hairpin uevin the heating'wall D above the pillar wall F at the right of said regenerator, and is connected by an inclined duct or passage H', to each corresponding hairpin flue branch d' or d, respectively, in the heating wall D above the pillar wall F at the left of the'regenerator.- Each regenerator e is connected by oppositely inclined ducts or passages h and h to the same hairpin ue branches d or d' to which the regenerator E at the opposite side of the adjacent intermediate division wall f, are connected by its ducts H and H'. With the particular arrangement described,

two regenerators are both on regenerators, the

vregenerator E of the pair then preheating upflowing air, and the regenerator e preheating upflowing air or lean gas, accordingly asv rich or lean gas fuel is used in heating the battery. In the case of each two regenerators E or e, at the opposite sides of a pillar wall F, however, one` is necessarily an off regenerator during the periods in which the other is an 0n regenerator.

In the form'of the present invention shown in Figs. 1 5, the uprising passages through which rich fuel gas is supplied to the heating wall ilues, are not formed in the `pillar walls F, as has been customary heretofore, but in the intermediate division walls f, as they are in my above mentioned prior application. Thus as shown in Figs. l and 2, rich fuel gas is supplied to the twin flue brances d in each heating wall through a set of channels I formed in the adjacent intermediate division wall f at the right of the heating wall. The chanels I in each wall f alternate with channels I supplying rich fuel gas to the twin flue branches d in the heating wall immediately to the left of said wall f, the upper ends of the channels I and I' being bent to the left and right, respectively, as is shown clearly in Fig. 2.

Since the two regenerators at opposite sides of each intermediate division wall f are both on, or both ot regenerators at any one time, and are both on regenerators when rich fuel gas is being supplied through the channels I and I in said wall, there is no pressure differential tending to create any signicant leakage from either regenerator into the other, and small tendency to leakage into either regenerator from the rich fuel gas supply channels I or I' in said wall, even though cracks form, or joints open in said wall.

A leakage barrier in the form of a metal plate or web J is incorporated in each oi the walls F. The plate or web J is preferably formed of a refractory, corrosion resisting metal such as a nickel-chromium alloy, adapted to safely with-- stand the maximum temperatures to which it is subjected and as shown, each plate or web J is centrally disposed in the wall F, in which it is incorporated, and extends from below the bottom level of the sole channels to a level somewhat below the level of the tops of the regenerators, so that the plate is not subjected to the relative high temperatures prevailing in the top portion of the well F, where the risk of objectionable leakage is relatively slight, because o1' the relatively small difference between the pressures at the opposite sides of the wall.

The ducts or passages I and I in each of 'the walls f may receive rich fuel gas from a distribution pipe Alocated in the basement space a as has n been heretofore customary. Advantageously, however, rich fuel gas is supplied to the passages I'and If in each wall f from a horizontal distribution channel K located in the special masonry layer AA, which is interposed between the or wire o3 or suitable size mmugn the bore or the orifice member vAs shown in Fig. 3, the

deck A and the coke oven brickwork mass to receive the channels K,- and the horizontal distributionchannel KAand KB, through which lean Vgas and air are supplied to the regenerators E and e,

to b e preheated therein. As shown, each of the air to be preheated in the oven regenerator E is supplied by a main M running longitudinally of the battery, preferably at a pressure slightly abov atmospheric pressure. The mmn M is advantageously located at the opposite side of the battery from the rich gas mainv L, and is connected to the corresponding end of each pipe KB through a reversing valve M'. In operation with rich fuel gas, each pipe K may receive decarbonizing air through a corresponding reversing valve M3 and eutoi valveM4, from the main M, during the periods in which it ih not receiving rich gas from the main L. Each distribution pipe lKA is connected by a reversing valve M' to a supply main MA extending longitudinally of the battery, adjacent one orthe other of the mains LA and M. The main MA serves to supply lean fuel gas to the regenerators e, when the battery 'n axial au ent with the pipe and formed in is being heated by combustion of lean fuel gas,

and to supply air to the regenerators e under the same pressure as itis supplied by the main M during operation with rich fuel gas.

The amount of gas supplied to each channel I and I', caribe regulated from the basement space a. To that end, each pipe K is provided with a separate outlet for each passage' Igand I served by the pipe, each such outlet comprising concentric pipes 0 and OA, as shown in Fig. 3. Each pipe O is vertically disposed and has its axis external to the corresponding pipe K, but separated from the periphery of the latter by a distance less than the internal radius of the pipe O. Each pipe O is formed with a. port in its `side in register with a correspending port in the wall of the pipe K. Advantageously, each pipe O is welded to the corresponding pipe K at the margins of their respective registering ports. of each pipe OA is appreciably less than the in side diameter of the corresponding pipe O, so that the lower end oi' the pipe 0A is in communication with the pipe K through the annular space Vbetween the pipes O and OA. The pipe 0 has its upper end inbent into contact with, and welded to the pipe O, which extends upward into the lower end-of the corresponding channel I o r I.

'I'he lower end of the pipe 0A extends down to or below the top of the basement space A, and is accessible from that space on the removal oi the cap O whichnormally is threaded on land closes the lower end of the corresponding pipe' O. As shown, the amount ciegas supplied throughi each outlet connection from the pipe K, may be regulated, by variably throttling the corresponding pipe OA.. As shown, each pipe OA is throttled by an oriilce member O2 removably seated in the lower end o! the pipe OA. By replacing oneoriiicemember` O2 by another of slightly larger or smaller bore, the pipe OA may be variably throttled. Additional regulation may be had by extending an obturator rod The outside diameter.

obturator O3 rests upon a removable plug closing an opening in the end of the cap member O'.

By removing the -plug O4, the obturator 03v is made removable for cleaning or for replacement by an obturator of diierent diameter, and the bore of the orifice member O2 ymay be readily cleaned. As shown, a tubular wire mesh screen Os having its upper end closed, is mounted on a reduced upper end portion of the orifice member 02. The screen O5 eliminates risk of the small backre explosions which may otherwise occur in the pipe K under certain conditions, and also tends to prevent objectionable dirt deposits on the orifice wall ofthe member 02.

In the preferred construction illustrated, each of the horizontal distribution pipes KA and KB is provided with outlets distributed along its .length and-corresponding in number and location to the ues in a heating wall, and each such outlet may have its flow capacity regulated from the basement space, a. As shown, each outlet from the pipes KA and KB comprises a vertical` pipe P connected -t'o and in communication with i* the corresponding pipe KA or KB, as each pipe O is connected to and in communication with a pipe K. Thev lower end of each pipe P extends into the basement space and is normally closed' by a removable cap P'. The upper `end'of each pipe P extends into a masonry channel F', in.

the -lower portion oi' the pillar wall F alongside the correspo sole channel E' or e. As

shown, the flow capacity of each outlet pipe P.

is dependent on the diameter of an. obturator P2, shown as of ovoid form and axially disposed in the pipe above the ports through which itl communicates with the corresponding pipe KA or m. The obturator P2 is replaceably mounted on theupper end of a rod P3 which has its lower end resting on the corresponding cap P'. As shown, the rod P3 is provided with spider arms P4 adjacent its upper end through which the rod is centered in the pipe P.

As shown, each port F' terminates at its upper end in a horizontal por-t Ili opening into the lower portion of the corresponding regenerator E or e. Each port F2 is elongated in the direction of the regenerator into which it opens, and, as shown, is in register with a port formed in the side ange of Athe adjacent tray-like parts E2 supported on brlckwork shoulders formed with side walls of'the regenerator. The ported trays E2 serve as supports for the checkerbricksiii3 in the regenerator. In the preferred construction, the checkerbricks are shaped to form regenerator partition walls E4, extending vertically from the top to the bottom of the regenerator and dividing the latter into compartments, each receiving air or lean fuel gas to be preheated at its lower end through a corresponding outlet pipe P and passage F', and communieating at its upper end through one duct H and one duct H' or one duct hand one duct h' with one twin flue branch in each of two adjacent regenerators at thejunction at thebottom of each regenerator with its sole channel. The ports in the plates E5, which may be formed of D2 in the flue branches d of each heating wallf is at the upper end of a corresponding rich gas supply channel I extending upwardly in the regenerator division 'wall'f at the right of the heating wall. The channels I' in the same regenerator division wall ,f lead to the low and high burner outlets D' and Da in theA twin flue branches d' in the heating wall at the right of the wall f. With the described arrangement,

as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

at any one time combustion will be initiated in the flue branches d of heating walls alternating with heating walls in which combustion is being initiated in flue branches d'.

As will be understood, the reversing valves L' are normally adjusted so that distribution pipes K which at any instant are receiving rich fuel gas fromthe main L. alternate with pipes K then out of communication with that main. In consequence, at any one time, in normal rich fuel gas operation, the walls f containing channels I and I' through which gas is passing, alternate with walls f containing channels I and I',through which rich fuel gas isnot passing, but into which decarbonzing air may then be passing. By a'suitable throttling adjustment of the corresponding outlet OA, the amount of gas burning 40 at a low burner D' may be increased, and the heat supplied to the bottom ofthe charge may be correspondingly increased. Similarly, by a throttling adjustment of the corresponding outlet pipe OA, the fuel gas issuing from each high burner outlet D2, may be increased, and the amount of heat imparted to the to'p of the charge may therebybe increased. By suitable relative throttling adjustments of the two outlet -pipes OA through which gas is supplied to the low andv ESQ high burners D and D2 in the same flue branch, d

or d', the relative :amounts of gas discharged by the two outlets may be .varied without changing the total amount of fuel gas supplied to the ue containing the two outlets, and therefore without disturbing the preheating action or capacity of the corresponding regenerator.

Advantageously, and as shown, the outlets D are located at a'greater distance above the bottoms of the ues and coking chambers than it has been customary heretofore to locate the high burners in coke oven heating walls having high and low burners. This increase in height of the high burner outlets, facilitates, and contributes to, the desired regulation of the top and bottom heating actions, and with the accurate and easily effected adjustment of the gas supplies to the different burner outlets provided for, the unusually high level of the outlets D2 involves no objectionable risk of overheating the topof the at one end, andthe branch d' at the opposite endl outletin each of its flue branches d'.

struction shown in Fig. 6, and the construction shown -in Figs. 9 and 10. ,As shown in Fig. 9, high burner outlets D2 are4 provided only in the flue branches d, which have low burner outlets D adjacent their bottoms.V 'I'he ue branches 5 d', other than the one at theend yof the heating wall, are provided with burner outlets D3, at a level somewhat above the level of the outlets D', but appreciablj'r below the level of the outlets D2.

Fig. 6 illustrates the arrangement of the channels I and IA in the wall ,f of a battery .in which rich fuel gas is supplied wholly through passages 4I and I' in the walls f, to heating walls, each like that shown in Fig. 9, in having but one burner l5 In lieu of forming the supply passages for the set of high burner outlets, and for the set of low burner outlets of a heating wall, in the two adjacent intermediate walls f, it is sometimes advantageous to form the supply passages for one 20 set of burner outlets' in said intermediate walls, and to form the supply passages for the other set of burner outlets in the pillar wall F directly beneath the heating wall. In such cas, the supply passages running to the different sets of burners in a single heating wall will receive gas from different distribution pipes, Aand by varying the relativev gas pressures in those pipes, the charge heating effect of the top of each heating wall can be increased or decreased relative to that of the bottom of the wall. Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate one arrangement, and Figs. 7, v8, and 1l another arrangement in which one set of burners in each heating wall are supplied with gas through passages extending vupward through the subjacent pillar wall.

In the battery construction. illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10,richfuel gas is supplied to the high burner outlets D2 in each heating wall, through vertical passages I2 formed in the pillar Wall F directly beneath the heating wall, and gas is supplied to the low burner outlets D' and D3 of each heating wall, through passages I and I' located as are the passages'I and I supplying rich fuel gas to the burner outlets D' of the constructions shown in Figs. 1-5.

The passages I2 in each wall F, receive rich fuel gas through a corresponding distribution channel KC, which is located in the masonry layer.AA, andv which may be exactly like the previously described channels K in respect to its connection to the supply 'main L, and in the arrangement of itsregulable outlet pipes O and OA. Advantageously and as shown, however, each pipe KC is somewhat smaller in diameter than the pipes K, since the amount of gas supplied by each pipe KC is substantially smaller than that supplied' by each pipe K. The reduction in diameter of the pipe KC is particularly desirable in the arrangement shown in Fig. l0, in which the pipe KC is necessarily quite close to an adjacent distribution pipe KA or KB. With rich fuel gas supplied to the high burneroutlets Dz in veach heating wall through passages P from a distribution pipe KC supplying gas only to those channels and burner 35 outlets, the amount of gas supplied to those high burners D2 may be varied by varying the gas pressure in the distribution pipe. That pressure may be varied by variably throttling the supply connection leading from the main tothe pipe KC.

Figs. 7, 8 and 1l illustrate an arrangement of rich fuel gas supply channels I2 and I3, extending upwardthrough a pillar wall F, adapted to vsupply fuel gas to the high burner outlets of a heatl ing wall above the pillar wall and like the heating n wall shown in Fig. 1, in having a low burner outlet D in every ue d and d', and in having a high burner outlet D2 in every flue except the two end nues of the wall. As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the channels I2 are adapted for connection to the burner outlets D? of the fiues d of the heating wall shown in Fig. 1, and channels I3 which alternate with the channels I, are adapted for connection to the high burner outlets D2 in the ues d'.

As shown in Fig.4 11, there are two horizontal rich gas distribution pipes KC and KD at the opposite sides of the row of pipes OA associated with the different vertical channels I2 and I3 of a single heating Wall. The horizontal distribution pipe KC, as shown, is in communication only with the pipes OA associated with the channels I2, and the distribution pipe KD is in communication only with the pipes OA connected to the channels I3. When combustion isbeing initiated in the flues d, the distribution pipe KC will be in, and the dis-v tribution pipe KD will be out of communication with the gas supply main, but the pipe KD will then ordinarily be connected to a source of decarbonizing air. When the flow through the ilues and regenerators is reversed, the pipe KD is connected to the gas supply main, and the pipe KC is disconnected from the gas supply main and connected to the source of decarbonizing air.

The possibility of leakage from the rich gas supply channels I and I', I2 or I3, to the regenerators at the sides of the regenerator wall including the channels, may be eliminated or substantially minimized by the use of metallic barrier means incorporated in said wall. In general, the risk of leakage from the channels in the intermediate regenerator division walls f, is not serious enough to justify the incorporation of metallic barriers in those walls, but with the considerable diierence between the pressures at the `opposite sides of each wall F, the simple metal plate barrier J, of the construction first described, may advantageously be replaced by barrier means which encircle the tubular tile forming the walls for rich gas channels formed in said wall. Such a barrier JB is illustrated in Figs. 8 and ll. The barrier JA may be formed of metal plate material like that used in the previously mentioned barrier J, and may extend from the bottom of the coke oven brickwork about as high as do the barriers J. As shown in Fig. 8, 'each barrier JA is formed of metal sections, each extending between a passage I2 and an adjacent passage I3, and each having its vertical edges bent to form half cylinders JA' and JA. The adjacent half cylinders JA' and JA2 of the two sections at opposite sides of each supply channel I2 or I3, encircle the tiles I forming the wall oi said channel in the manner in which the walls of rich gas channels are customarily formed.

Hairpin ue coke ovens with a single burner in each lbranch of each hairpin flue and with some of the burners distributed along the heating wall and located at a different level from that of other burners distributed 'along the heating wall, are now in extensive and such use. In many cases, such a "high and low burner arrangement permits of all required regulation of the relative charge heating effects of the upper and lower portions of the beating wall. In some cases, however, particularly wlth large capacity ovens having relatively high heating walls, the required regulation of top and bottom heating effects cannot be 'obtained with sucha high or low burner arrangement without an undesirably large difference in the amounts of rich fuel gas simultaneously supplied to adjacent flues. The maintenance of emcient combustion and regeneration conditions, require that the fuel gas and combustion air should be supplied to the different fines in substantially the same proportions, and require that the relative amounts of preheated combustion air and fuel passing to adjacent iiues, and the r'elative amounts of products of combustion simultaneously passing from said ues to a regenerator should not vary greatly.

With simultaneously operable high and low burners in the same vertical ues as hereinbefore described, it is possible to relatively proportion the top and bottom heating eiects of a heating Wall through as Wide a range as is practically desirable without significant change in the amounts of rich fuel gas and preheated combustion air supplied to each hairpin flue, and consequently without significant variation in the amount of products of combustion passing from the hairpin flue to the regenerator associated therewith.

My prior Patent No. 1,770,285, granted July 8, 1930, discloses an underred coke oven with hairpin heating flues, and with a high burner and a low burner in each branch of each hairpin flue, and with the supply passages for all the rich gas burners in each heating wall, extending up from the basement space of the battery through the pillar wall directly beneath the heating wall. The multiplicity of supply passages in each pillar wall in the construction shown in said patent has a tendency to weaken and increase the risk of leakage through the pillar Walls which may be wholly or largely avoided by the use of the present invention.

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, I have illustrated and described the best forms of embodiment of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus 'disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the appended claims and that in some cases certain features of lmy invention may be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desiretosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an underred regenerative coke oven battery comprising a masonry mass including coking chambers and heating walls alongside the coking chambers in an upper portion, and'vregenerators and regenerator division walls in a lower portion, of said mass, all extending transversely of the battery, said heating Walls having vertical liues connected at their upper ends in groups for simultaneous upfiow in one or more, and downlow in one or more other fiues, of each group, the improvement comprising a low burner and a high burner in each of a plurality of flues in each heating wall in which the gas flow at any one time is in the same direction and at least one burner. in the other flues of the heating wall, and means for supplying gas to the said burners in each heating wall comprising separate supply passages for the different burners extending up from, the bottom of the mass, some through one and others through another of two different regenerator division walls.

2. In an underred regenerative coke oven battery comprising a masonry mass including coking chambers and heating walls alongside the coking chambers in an upper portion, and regenerators and regenerator .division walls in a lower ends in pairs with each flue of the pair forming one branch of a hairpin iiue, the improvement comprising a low burner and a high burner in one,

branch, and at least one burner in the other branch of each of a plurality of hairpin ues in each heating Wall, and means for supplying gas to said burners comprising separate supply passages for the diierent burners extending up from the bottom of the mass through regenerator division walls, the supply passages for some of the burners in two adjacent heating walls extending up through the same division wall.

3. In an underiired regenerative coke oven battery comprising a masonry mass including coking chambers and heating walls alongside the coklng chambers in an upper portion, and regenerators and regenerator division walls in a lower portion of said. mass, all extending transversely of the battery, and each of said heating walls having vertical fiues connected at their upper ends in pairs with each flue of the pair forming one branch of a hairpin flue, the improvement comprising a low burner and a high burner in one branch, and at least one burner 'in the other branch of each of a plurality of hairpin ilues in each heating wall, and means for supplying gas to said burners comprising separate supply passages for the diierent burners extending up from the bottom of the mass through regenerator division walls, and distribution conduits extending transversely of the battery and each supplying gas to a number of' said passages, the supply passages for some of the burners in each heatingwall, extending up some through one and low burner and a high burner in one branch, and

at least one burner in the other branch, oi each i of a plurality of hairpin nues in each heating walL separate gas supply passages for the said High burners in each heating wall extending upward from the bottom of the' mass through one regenerator division wall adjacent the last mentioned heating wall and separate gas `supply passages for the said low burners in the same heatng wall extending up from the bottom of the mass through a second regenerator division wall adjacent the last 'mentioned heating wall.

5. In an underiired'regenerative coke oven bat-V tery comprising a masonry mass including coking chambers and heating walls alongside the'coking chambers in an upper portion, and regenerators and regenerator division walls in. alower portion of said mass all extending transversely to the battery and each of said heating walls having vertical nues connected at their upper ends in pairs with each ilue oi a pair forming one branch of a hairpin nue, the improvement comprising a low burner and a high burner in one branch,`and at least one burner in the other branch, of Aeach of a plurality of hairpin ilues in each heating wall, and separate gas supply passages 'for-each of the said high and low burners in one heating wall, and for each of the burners in the said other flue branches in an adjacent heating wall, extending upward from the bottom of said mass through anadjacent regenerator divison wall.

6. In an underiired regenerative coke oven battery comprising a'masonry mass including coking chambers and heating walls alongsidethe coking v chambers in an 4upper portion, and regenerators and regenerator division walls in a lower portion, of said mass, all extending transversely of the battery, and each of said heating walls having vertical nues connected at their upper ends -in pairs with each ilue ofa pair iormingone branch of a hairpin flue, the improvement com-A prising a set of high burners, a set of low burners and a third set of burners for each heating wall, each of a plurality of said hairpin ues in said. heating wall includingone high burner and one a burner of the third set in its other branch and separate gas supply passages for the diilerent burners extending upirom; the bottom oi said mass to the burners through regenerator division walls, the supply passages for each set of burners in each heating wall extending up through a regenerator division wall, dierent from those through which the supply passages for the other sets of 'burners' extend, the supply passageszfor another set of burners extending up through a regenerator division wall at one side, andsthe supply passages ior the third set of burners extendand regenerator division walls in a lower por,

tion, oi said mass, all extending transversely of the battery, and each of said heating walls having vertical nues connected at their upper ends in pairs with each ue of a pair forming one .branch of a hairpin nue, the improvement comprising two alternately operable sets `of high burners, and two alternately sets of low burners for each heat'- ing wall, each of a plurality of said hairpin ues including one of said high burners and one of said low burners in each o i'rits branches and separate gas supply passages extending up from the bottom of the massto the-burners through regenerator division walls, the supply passages for two sets oi' burners ineach heating wall exte'nding up .through one adjacent regenerator division wall, the supply passages for a third set of burners yin said heating wall extending up through a regenerator division wall at one side,

vand the supply passages for the fourth set of burners in said heating wall extending up through the regenerator division wall at the opposite sides of the first mentioned division wall, the high and low burners in each branch being operable alternately with the high and low burners in the other branch.

.low burner in one of its branches and including 8. In an underfiredregenerative coke oven battery comprising a masonry mass including coking" chambers, heating walls, regenerators, and regenerator division walls, all extending transversely of the battery. and having vertical ilues one branch of each twin iiue of one heating wall, during periods alternating with the periods in which combustion is being initiated in a second set of vertical ues including the second branch of each of the twin ues of said heating wall, each heating wail having one setoi' burners for one of its two sets of vertical ues and a second set of burners for its second set of vertical ues, the said. burners of one set including some high l@ burners and some low burners, gas supply passages for the low burners of each heating wail extending upwardly through one regenerator division wall adjacent said heating wall, and gas supply passages for'the high burners in the same heating wall extending upwardly through a regenerator division Walladjacent said heating wall but at one side of the division wall including the supply passages for the low burners of the same heating wall.

CARL OTTO.

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