US2376718A - Regenerative coke oven - Google Patents

Description

.'M-ay 22, 1945. C, QTTO y REGENERATIVECOKE OVEN l 4 shawls-sheet 1 Filed Nov. 9, 1942 l l l www@ INVENTOR` BY A y ATTORNEY f f u; w wn m,

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C. 'OTTO REGNERATIVE COKE OVEN Filed Nov. 9, 1942 4" Sheets-S-heet 2 Y ATTORNEY INVENTOR CARL OTTO May 22, y1945. c OTTO REGENERATIVE COKEOOVEN Filed Nov. 9, 1942 lo if: HI8

IVE'NTOR .Cfr/sal. Orzo ATTORNEY Patented May 22, 1945v UNITE@ Si raient TES PMFT FWE REGENIERATEVIE GCKEE @VEN Car vtto, Manhasset, N. Y., assgnor to Fuel 1Refi ing Corporation, New York, N. Yga corporation of Delaware 10 Claims.

The general object of the present invention is to provide structural improvements in underflred coke. oven batteries of the type noW extensively used in the manufacture of metallurgical coke in this country and abroad.

A coke oven battery of the above mentioned type includes as essential and characteristic elements, a brick work mass or block, a deck member Application November 9, 1942, Serial No. 464,971

(CII 202--l33) tures. The battery deck temperatures are much lower, the average deck temperature being Vof underlying and directly supporting the brick work 'transmitting heat from the heating gases leaving the heating walls to the combustion air, and to the fuel ga's, if lean, supplied to the heating Walls.

- Said brick work mass is also formed with vertically disposed expansion joints which extend transversely to the battery length and divide the brick work block into a series of sections arranged end to end along the length of the battery.

A highly important specific object of the invention is to provide an underred coke oven battery of the above mentioned type with novel deck and pinion wall structural characteristics and supporting provisions, adapted to avoid or substantially minimize difliculties which the relative thermal expansion of different portions of the battery tend to produce. Those difficulties are vespecially serious because of the large bulk and weight of underfired coke oven batteries.

In the numerous underred coke oven batteries now in use and in process of construction in this country, the brick work blocks have an average length of about 250 feet, an average Width of about 43 feet and an average height of about 29 feet, and in such batteries'the average bearing load on the deck is of the order of 2500 pounds per square foot of horizontal -deck area. In` such batteries the heating flue temperatures in full load operation are of the order of 2600 F., and but for the expansion joints in the brick work block, the portion of the latter between the oven floor and roof levels would elongate more than 1% as a re'sult of the thermal expansion of the bricks occurring when the order of 200 F. In consequence, the total longitudinal expansion of the deck of a battery having a brick work block length of 250 feet is about 4 inches whereas said brick- Work block would elongate more than 30 inches if it included no expansion joints.

In all underfired coke oven batteries now in use in this country, and I believe in all such batteries now in process of construction in this country, the deck supporting members which extend upward through the basement space, are arranged in rows extending transversely to the battery length and the supports in each such transverse row are connected at their upper ends by a beam extending transversely of the battery and engaging the 'superposed portion o'f the deck directly above it 'The thermal expansion in the longitudinal direction of the battery of a monolithic deck which is 250 feet long and supported on the transverse beams just described, would inevitably increase the distance between the transverse beams supporting the opposite end portions of the deck, and would therebysubject the corresponding uprising supports to severe and highly objectionable bending stresses. Risk of such bending stresses have been avoided in every underfired coke oven battery in use in this country, the division of the deck into a multiplicity of end to end sections separated by expansion joints, and by the provision designed and operative to so take up the expansion joints in the deck and in the brick work .block as to reduce the overall longitudinal expansion of the deck andthe brick work block and make each small fraction of the deck elongation which would occur if the deck included no expansion joints.

To attain the above mentioned specic object part from priorpractice by providing a battery l,

sub-structure including deck supporting beams which extend longitudinally of the battery for substantially the full length of the latter, and each of which connects the upper ends-of uprising deck supports arranged in a row extending the battery is brought up to Working tempera- 55 longitudinally of the battery, to thereby pro- 'ing separate parts, as has been customary heretofore. In the preferred forms of the present invention, however,k the deck reenforcing means differ from that heretofore customary, in that it consists in substantial part of horizontal pipes extending transversely to the battery length and embedded in the deck and serving as distribution pipes supplying combustion air and fuel gas to the regenerators and heating ilues of the battery. The'embedding of such metal pipes in the deck reduces the deck resistance to fracture along lines transverse to the battery length and increases the deck resistance to fracture along lines extending longitudinally of the battery; and a further specific object of the invention is to provide a battery deck including embedded transverse distribution pipes, with supporting means including longitudinal supporting beams whichA minimize the risk of deck fracture along lines transverse to the length of the battery.

Itis to be notedf moreover, that the embedding of the distribution pipe in the concrete layer makes it entirely feasible and advantageous to support that layer` on beams extending longitudinally of the battery. whereas with the fuel gas distribution pipe located in the basement space in accordance with prior practice, the use vof longitudinal beams requires an undesirable lowering of the distribution piping.

Another specific object of the present invention is-to provide a `special relative arrangement of regenerator checker bricks and supporting provisions therefor, whereby the checker bricks may, be made 'of clay, having a relatively small coemtudinally of the battery shown in Fig. 1, through the lower portion ofthe coke oven battery;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional plan on the broken line 4 4 of Fig. 1; y

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a' partial section taken similarly to Fig. 7 through a portion of the deck of a batterydiffering somewhat from that show'n in Figs. 1-4;

Fig. 7 s a partial longitudinal section of a battery differing somewhat from those shown in Figs. 1-5;vand

Fig. 8 is a partial section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7. L

In Figs. 1-5 of the drawings,'I have illustrated the 'use of the present invention in a horizontal, underflred, regenerative coke. oven battery comprising a concrete layer A whichV forms the supcient of thermal expansion, and may be supported on parts of regenerator walls which are formed of silica bricks 'or blocks having a relac tively high coeiilcient of expansion, so that the expansion of the regeneratorwalls relative to the checker bricks will not interfere with the proper spacing of the checker bricks in the`re- L comprises'a plurality of spaced apart steel beamsv generator chambers, and so that the silica brick supporting parts are not4 exposed to the wide guctuations in temperature to which the lower checker bricks are subjected as a result ofv the 4 reversals of ilow through the regenerato'rs.

Still another specific object o f the inventionis to provide an improved arrangement of channels and conduit connections for supplying gas to thecombustion flue's.

The various features of novelty which characlterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to andforming a parto! this speciiication. For a better understanding of the invention, however, its advan tages, and specific objects attained with 'its use, reference should Abe had to the accompanying rich fuel vdrawings and descriptive matter in which I have tion cfa cckeoven battery;

Fig. 2 is a partial vera lil-section onthe une' 2-2 ofFig; 1;

rias is aparaal vertical section taxen ipngiporting deck for the coke oven brick work block or-mass B, and forms the roof or the basement space a of the battery. The brick work block B has its ends in. abutting relation with so called pinion walls A at the opposite ends of the battery which are rigidly connected at their lower ends to the corresponding ends of the deck A. The deck A and pinion walls A' thus collectively form a brick work supporting structure which underlies and supports the weight of the brick work block B and restrictsthe expansionof the brick work block `in the direction of the length of the battery as hereinafter explained. y

O rdinarily, and as shown, the deck A and pinion Walls A constitute a monolithic structure of reenforced concrete. The upper ends of the pinion walls are connected by tie bolts A2 extending longitudinally of the battery and resting on'the roof of the latter. As diagrammatically shown, each end of each tie bolt extends through the upper nend of the corresponding pinion A' and acts onthe latter through a cushion spring As and an abutment nut A4 threaded on the end of the tie rod. By suitable adjustment of the nuts A4, the tie bolts A2 may be maintained under such tension as the battery heats up, that the upper ends of the pinion walls are spread apart by the thermal elongation of the deck member A.

'I'he brick work supporting structure formed by the deck A and pinion walls A', is mounted on a sub-structure whichn as shown' in Figs. 1-5,

C cwhich extend longitudinally of the battery for the full length ofthe latter, and each of which is supported at distributed points along its length by steel columns CA which extend upward from l ,the masonry battery foundation CB through the battery basement space a. The columns CA supporting each beam C are arrangedy in row extending longitudinally of the battery and have their upper ends Welded to said beam. As shown in Fig. 1 the ends `of the beam C extend under the pinionwalls A and rest on masonry piers CC extending upward from the foundation CB at the end of the battery. In the particular battery design shown` in Figs. 1`5 there are seven longitudinal beams C spaced apart as shown in Fig. 4.

The coke oven brick work comprises va lower story, or section, and an upper story, or section.'

In the lower section, regenerator division walls D and d alternate along the length of the battery,

walls D and d is a regenerator E or e, extending from one side of the battery to the other. The

different regenerators E and e are similar in con'- struction, butthe regenerators E are used only for preheating vcombustion air while the re'generators e are used to preheat either leanv fuel gas or air, accordingly as the oven is heated by the combustion of lean gas which requires preheating, or by the combustion of rich gas which does not require preheating.- There are a pair of regenerators E, or a pair of regenerators e, between each two adjacent walls d, the pairs of regenerators E alternating with pairs of regenerators e along the length of the battery.

The upper story or section of the coke oven brick work mass B, is vshown as of .well known type comprising horizontally elongated coking chambers F, alternating with heating Walls G, eachof said chambers and walls extendingfrom one side of the battery to the other. Each heating wall G is formed with vertical flues g and g' alternating with one another in a row extending -from one side of the battery to the other.

Each flue g' and an adjacent flue g are connected at their upper ends and collectively form a socalled hairpin flue. Each heating wall G is directly above a corresponding regenerator division wall D, which may therefore be aptly called a pillar wall, and beneath each coking chamber F is a wall d, which may be called an intermediate regenerator division wall.

Beneath each of the regenerator chambers E and e is a correspondingsole channel E or e', respectively, through which the waste heating `(gases which ilow down through the regenerator,

when the latter is serving as an off regenerator, pass to one or both.sides of the battery, and thence through the usual reversing Valves to the waste heat flue system. The reversing valves and waste heat flue system form no part of the present invention and may be of the usual type, and hence need not be illustrated or further described. Each of the regenerators E and e is connected at its upper edge by channels E2 or e2 in the brick work to the lower end of one limb, g or g', of each of the hairpin flues in each of the two heating walls G directly above the two immediately adjacent pillar walls D between which the regenerator is located, and each hairpin flue limb is connected by one channel e2 to the regenerator E at one side of the subjacent pillar wall D, and is connected to the regenerator e at the other side of said pillar wall by a second channel e2.

Each of the regenerators E and e receives the combustibleagent, air or lean fuel gas, which it preheats, through a corresponding one of distribution pipes H and h, respectively. Each of said pipes is imbedded in the concrete layer A, and is formed with a multiplicity of upper .outlets distributed along its length. The flow through each of said outlets is regulated by the size of the `measuring orice or nozzle passage in a nozzle member H threaded into, or otherwise replaceably'mounted in, the outlet opening. Each nozzle H' discharges into a corresponding uprising passage A formed in the layer A, and communicating atits upper end with the lower end of a corresponding brick work channel E2 or e3, 'formed in the adjacent pillar wall D. Each of the channels E3 and e3 opens laterally at its upper end into the corresponding regenerator Er or e, above the grid like refractory material parts E4, which separate the regenerator proper from its sole channel E' or e'. Advantageously, thev regenerator checker bricks I, which are supported as hereinafter described, comprise erid portions I shaped and disposed to collectively form vertical partition walls dividing each regenerator into a row of regenerator cells which correspond in number to the hairpin flues in a heating wall,

F, and the ceiling of a subjacent regenerator chamber e. Each joint f extends vertically for the depth of a corresponding brick course, and the joints in adjacent superposed brick courses are staggered, and similarly staggered expansion joints f are formed in the floor of the sole channel e at the bottom of the last mentioned regenerator chamber e, and in the roof of the last mentioned oven chamber, but the oven roof expansion joints are not shown in Fig, 4.`

In accordance with the usual practice the expansion joints are initially lled with cardboard or analogous combustible material which will clear, or burn out when the battery is heated up, so that the opposed vertical joint sides extending transversely of the battery may approach one another as the end to end brick work block sections expand in the direction of the length of the battery and the bodily elongation of said block is restricted.

In heating the battery by the combustion of rich fuel gas, the latter is distributed by pipes HA embedded in the concrete layer A. Each pipe HA may be and is shown as similar in construction and arrangement to the pipes H and h, but ordinarily and as shown, each pipe HA may be somewhat smaller in diameter than the pipes I-I and h', and in the arrangement shown, each of the pipes HA has twice as many outlet openings, with nozzle members H removably mounted therein, as does each 0f the pipes H and h. Each pipe HA is located beneath a corresponding intermediate regenerator division wall d. and has its alternate outlet openings connected to one limb y or g of each hairpin iiue in one adjacent heating wall by a set of brickwork channels J, and has its other outlet openings connected by a second setof brick work channels JA to the limbs g or g' of the different hairpin ues in the other adjacent heating wall. The lower portions of the channels J and JA associated with each pipe HA are vertical and centrally disposed in the corresponding division wall d, but upper portions of the channels J curve away from thatwall to- A ward one, and the upper portions of the chanvnels JA curve away from that wall toward the other of the two adjacent heating walls.

Asv shown, each of the pipes H, h and HA, is formed with an opening in its bottom wall each normally closed by a screw plug or other removable closure H2 and each located beneath a cor- 'ton illustrated in Figs. l-5 is like that disclosed and claimed in Patent 2,273,885 of February 24,

1942, granted on my application led October 9, 1939. Furthermore, in respect to the features oi' itsconstruction and arrangement already described, the coke oven brick work does not differ from that disclosed in Reissue Patent 21,933, dated October 28, 1941. In the last mentioned patent, moreover, the combustible agents are distributed by distribution pipes corresponding generally to the above mentioned pipes H, h and HA. In any regenerative coke' oven comprising transverse regenerators arranged for side by side reversaL there are necessarily on regenerators each separated by a single regenerator division wall from an cil regenerator. The diierence between the pressures at the opposite sides of such a division wall, causes leakage through open joints or cracksln that wall from the on" regenerator to the "ofP regenerator. Such leakage from an on regenerator in which lean gas is being preheated, into an off regenerator is seriously objectionable' when substantial in amount as the lean gas leaking into the fc regenerator will unite in combustion with unburned oxygen invariably contained in the waste heating gases.

' Other things being equal; regenerator divisionwalls including rich fuel gas supply channels havea greater leakage tendency and capacity, than regenerator division walls not including such channels, and leakage of rich fuel gas from supplyf channels in a wall, into an oiP' regenerator alongside that wall is highly objectionable. However, as explained in the above mentioned Reissue Patent 21,933, risk of objectionable leakage through the walls including the rich gasA supply channels J and JA maybe avoided by arranging thos`e channels', as shown, in the walls d, each of which separates regenerators which are both .on regenerators during the reversal periods in which rich fuelgas is being passed `through the supply channels.

lIn said Reissll Patent 21,933, I also'disclose how s igniiicant yleakage through regenerator division walls may b e vvprevented byincorporating vertically disposed leakagev barrier plates of heatv resistent metal in the lower portions of the walls which are subjected to lower temperatures and to high leakage` inducing pressure differentials than "are the upper portions of the walls.

The construction shown in Fig. 3 includes an improved arrangement of metal leakage-barrier plates, K and M, whichneed notbe described ing the regenerator division walls of prior underflred coke oven batteries, are made of silica.

Each row of bricks LE forms' one supporting ledge of a wall d, and the adjacentrow of bricks LH of the adjacent wall D forms the other supporting ledge for the stacks of checker brick I in the corresponding regenerator. The checker bricks are formed oi clay which is not subject to the objectionable spalling which occurs when silica bricks are subjected to the wide temperature fluctuations to which the checker biicks and the bricks LE and LH are subjected by their contact with downilcwing waste gases and upilowing air or lean gasto be preheated during alternating reversal periods. Furthermore, with the clay bricks LE and'LH incorporated in silica brick walls as described, the great thermal expansion of the silica bricks relative to that of clay bricks,

- will not disturb the general arrangement of the stacks of checker brick distributed longitudinally of each regenerator and'hence will have no tendency to open up large gaps between portions of the checker brick work displaced longitudinally of the regenerator, whicli exists when the checker bricks are supported on ledges formed by silica l bricks. c

While the` elongation of each wall D or d due to the thermal expansion of the silica bricks in the wall, increases the distance between each two end to end bricks are thus separated herein, however, as that arrangement forms no` part'of the invention claimed herein, and is fully disclosedin 'Patent 2,273,886, granted February 24, 1942. on an application filed by me as a division of my application, Serial No. 314,760, illed January 20. 1940. The vinstant application is a continuation in part of said application,- Serial The walls D and d may be similar in form and construction except as the inclusion of rich gas supply channels J and JA, V,only in the walls d and the inclusion of regenerator supply channels E? and e3, only in the walls D, result in differences in the shape and` disposition of the ceramic bricks or blocks forming said walls. Except for said channels, the walls D and d need differ from.

adjacent end to end ledge `forming clay bricks LE or LH in the wall, the extent to which aid two small. The separation oi any two end to end ledg bricks normally results in a corresponding small and insigniilcant 'separation of the portions of the y checker brick massdirectly above and supported by said two end'to end bricksl and, normally does not result in any sliding movement of the checker bricks on the ledge bricks in the longitudinal di,-

rection of the walls D and d. Such sliding move-A ments inevitably occur when the ledge bricks are formed of silica, which expand with the wall of which theyv form a. part without relative move'- ment of the adjacent ends of each two end to end ledge bricks. Such sliding movements are normally irregular and result in the irregular separation of the checker brick mass in each regenerator chamber into end to end sections. 'lfhe number of checker brick sections so formed depends on fortuitous circumstances,- but normally is a small fraction only of the number of end to end'wbricks in each supporting ledge. The thicknesses of the joint spaces opened between the adjacent sections may vary, but the average thickness necessarily increases as the number ot sections formed is diminished.

The avoidance of large andirreguiarly positioned gaps in the checker brick mass is especially important when the regenerator checker bricks are shaped and disposed as previously described to divide eachv regenerar/or into a row of regenerator cells communicating individually with' the diiferent adjacent combustion nues.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1-5, the

portion of each wall D, below the level of the bottoms of the checker brick masses. includes a blocks LI to unite-with notches LH in adjacent blocks L'LI-lin forming the vupper portions ot the corresponding channels E3 or e. The portion 0i' each wall D'at each side ofl its central barrier M and below the notched parts LH and LI, comprises vertical stacks of apertured bricks or blocks LK, each stack of blocks LK 'forming the Wall of a vertical portion of a corresponding channel E3 or e3.

As shown in Fi'gs. 1-5,- the masonry above the basement space a is directly supported by metallic I beams Cy which extend longitudinally of the battery. Those beams maybe replaced by reenforced concrete beams C as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, however, since theuse. of the features of the invention previouslydescribed, does not depend upon the character ofHthe beams supporting the Alaver A, except that for reasons already explained, it is practically important to have those beams extend longitudinally of the battery.

Where an especially strong foundation is required, asin the case of a coke oven battery in a locality subject to earthquake conditions, the concrete layer A may be directly supported by longitudinal beams ',C', which are associated, as shownin Figs. 7 and 8 with transverse beams CD.

The latter need notcome in direct `engagement with the deck structure, but are advantageously combined with the beams C' and with the supporting pillars CA' in a monolithic structure of reenforced concrete. e

The overall thermal elongation of the deck A depends upon the deck temperature and is devantage is obtainable by the use of longitudinal deck supporting beams on which the deck is mounted with freedom to move as it expands, even though the deck is not subject to the cooling action of embedded distribution pipes, and even though the pinion walls are not connected to the ends of the deck as shown in Fig. l, but have their lower ends anchored to the battery foundation as has been customary heretofore, and as is shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

At each end of the battery shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the corresponding ends of the deck A and of the longitudinal beams C extend over a horizontal supporting shoulder or ledge portion CC2 at the adjacent side of a member CC. -The latter forms the corresponding end of the battery structure. In effect, the member CC is a retaining wall comprising a lower portion integrally connected to the battery foundation CB and corresponding generally to one of theimasonry piers CC of Fig. 1, and comprising an uppor portion which is integrally connected to said upper portion and which corresponds to one of thel pinion Walls A' shown in Fig. 1. As shown, the shoul- 'der CO2 is the bottom wall of a horizontal groove or .recess formed in the corresponding side of the back wall CO3 of the recess deep enough to prevent the adjacent ends of the beams CB and deck regenerator division wall DA, extends vertically battery. As shown in Figs 7 and 8, the pillars CA1 as well as the battery end walls CC' are integrally connected with, and extend upwardly from the mat foundation CB which may be made of reinforced concrete as usual.

The use of rich gas fuel distribution channels J and JA with their lower vertical portions in the same Wall d and with the upper portions of the chanels J running to one heating wall and with the bent upper portions of the channels JA running to an adjacent heating wall has the advantage that all of the said channels in each wall d may be supplied with rich gas from a single distribution pipe HA.

Notwithstanding the above advantage and others possessed by the rich gas supply arrangement shown in Fig. 3, I now consider it ordinarily desirable to locate all of the rich gas supply channels for each heating wall in the pillar wall directly beneath the heating wall. When this is done it becomes necessary to employ one distributionpipe to supply rich fuel gas to the channels JA, and another distribution pipe to supply rich fuel gas to the channels JA in the same pillar wall, as is made apparent in the above mentioned Reissue Patent 21,933, and as isv illustrated in Fig. 6. In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 6, the group of channels J and the group of alternating channels JA in the pillar wall DA beneath each heating wall, receive fuel gas during alternating reversal stages from distribution pipes ha1 and HAN, respectively, embedded in the deck member A.'

As shown in Fig. 6, the regenerator supply channels E3 and e3 are formed in the sides of the pillar walls da. The regenerators with which the chanenls E3 and e3 are associated may well be connected to the heating iiues inthe manner dis- 'closed in my Patent 2,293,074, dated August 18, 1i942, though this is not essential.

In the rich fuel gas supply arrangement shown in Fig. 6, each rich fuel gas supply channel in a downward to the subway space, and has its lower portion lined by a metal tube H10, incorporated in the lower portion of the deck layer A, and located at one side of the corresponding distribution pipe HAN. The latter, as shown, is formed` with a tubular outlet H11 extending downward from the underside of the pipe and connected at its lower en'd into a T H12. The lower end of the latter extends below the bottoml surface of the layer A and is internally threaded to receive a removable plug H13, normally closing the corresponding branch of the T. The transverse opening in the T receives the corresponding end of a short horizontal pipe section I-ll4I `embedded in the masonry and having its other end extending through a lateral opening in the corresponding vertical pipe H11'. An orice member H15 is mounted in the upper opening of the T and regulates the volume of gas flow from the pipe 4HA10 into the corresponding channel JA.

As shown, the plug H1a is formed with a conical recess in its upper side which receives and centers the lower end of a wire or rod H18. The latter extends up through the nozzle member H15 and correspondingly restricts the area of the flow path-through the oriiice. The replacement of one rod H1s by another of diiferentdiameter will vary the volume of flow through the nozzle member by a denlte amount. The lower end of each vertical pipe H10, extends below the underside of the deck. layer A, and is externally threaded to receive aremovable closure part H1". When the latter is removed, the corresponding uprising 4fuel gas supply channel may be-entered by a exible shaft or rod, employed to clean out the channel when necessary to eliminate mortar, or carbon l deposit.

during the periods in which the supply of gas through the corresponding distribution pipe HA10 is interrupted, serves the graphite removing puripose for which decarbonizing air is customarily supplied to the uprising rich gas supply channels. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6, the rich gas supply channels J in each wall DA, are associated with and connected to a corresponding distribution pipe hal, in the same manner in which the channels JA and distribution pipes HA10 are associated and connected.

As those skilled in the art will understand, the apparatus illustrated and described is well adapted to the attainment of the hereinbefore stated objects of the invention, and has numerous practically important characteristics and advantages. The wide difference between the oven brlckwork temperature at the iioor level of the ovens and adjacent the deck is mainly due to .the regenerators, and would exist if the type of regenerator provisions shown were replaced by regenerator provisions of the kind specifically designated recuperators.

'used with advantage without a corresponding -use of other features.

Having now described my invention what I claim as`Y new and desire to secure by Letters Patentfis: l

1. A regenerative underflred coke oven battery comprising in combination an elongated brick work block formed with transverse horizontal coking chambers arranged side by side and with heating walls `alongside the coking chambers and with regenerator chambers and walls beneath said coking chambers and heating walls, said block beiner formed in sections, arranged end to end longitudinally pf the battery and separated by transverse expansion joints. a brick work supDOrting structure comprising a deck member underlying saidbrick work block, pinion walls abutting against ,the ends of sa'id brick work block and rigidly connected at their lower end to the ends of said deck member. and a tie ro connection between the upperends of said pinion walls including means adjustable to elongate said connection on and in accordance with the thermal elongation of said deck member asv the battery is heated up. and a battery sub-structure cornrlris-u ing a foundation beneath said deck member and separated therefrom by a space forming an oven operation, distributed supports extending ur Wardly from said foundation through said space and beams carried by said suppOrts and extending longitudinally of the 'battery and providing a supporiI on which said supporting structure rests with freedom to move in accordance with changes in the relative lengths of said supporting structure and beams resulting from changes in their temperatures.

2. A coke oven battery as specified in claim 1 comprising metallic combustible agent distribution pipes extending transversely of thefbattery and imbedded in said deck.

3. A 'coke oven battery as specified in claim 1, in which said distributed supports are metal columns and said beams are formed of metal welded to the upper ends of the subjacent columns.

e. In an underiired coke oven battery comprising a basement space and a masonry structure above said space'and including coking chambers, heating walls, regenerators, and regenerator division walls all extending transversely of the battery, metallic combustible agent distribution pipes extending transversely of the battery and incorporated in the, lower portion of said structure, beams extending longitudinally of the battery and directly supporting said masonry structure with freedom for relative movement in agcordance with changes in the relative lengths of said structure and beams, and pillars extending upward through the basement space of the battery and supporting said beams.

5. In an underred coke oven battery, the combination with a masonry structure comprising coking chambers, heating walls, regenerators, and

regenerator division Walls all transverse to the length of the battery, of combustible agent distribution-pipes extending transversely of the battery. a reenforced concrete layer beneath and directly supporting said brick work mass and in which said pipes are incorporated, and a supporting structure comprising beams extending longitudinally of the battery beneath and directly supporting said layer with freedom for relative movement in accordance with changes in the relative lengths of said layer and beams and pillars extending upward through the basement space of the battery and supporting saidy beams.

'6. An underiired coke oven battery comprising a basement space and a masonry structure" above said space and including heating walls, coking chambers, regeneratpr spaces, and regenerator di vision walls, al1 extending transversely of the battery, and supporting means for said structure,

cbmprising beams extending longitudinallyl of the posed between, said beams and said masonry with freedom for relative movement in accordance with changes in its length relative to the lengths 'of said beams andsaid masonry as a result of temperature changes occurring in heating up the battery.

'L In an underred. coke oven structure comprising a basement space and a 4masonry structure above said space and including coking chambers, heating walls, regenerators, and resenerator` division walls all extending transversely of the battery, metallic combustible agen distribution pipes extending transversely of t e battery and incorporated in the. lower portion of said structure, said structure being formed with fuel gas supply channels v.extending upwardfrom said space to said heating walls through regenerator `division walls, a removable closure for the lower end of each of said channels, and a conduit connection including a restricted portion and embedded in the lower portion of said structure between each ci said channels and an adjacent distribution pipe, and means independent of said space to said heatingwalls through regenerator division walls, a removable closure for the lower end of each of said channels, and a conduit connection in the lower portion of said structure between each of said channels and an adjacent distribution pipe, and means independent of said channel and accessible from said space for adjustment to thereby regulate the flow through said conduit connection, each of said supply channels having asmall constantly open inlet for the continuous inilow of atmospheric air into said channel.

9.Y An undernred coke oven structure compris= ing a basement space and a masonry structure above said space including coking chambers, heating walls and regenerator walls all extending transversely oi the battery, arow ot fuel gas supply channels extending upward from said space to each heating wall through a subjacent regenerator division wall, metallic combustible agent distribution pipes extending transversely of the battery and each displaced in the longitudinal directions of the battery from each adjacent row oi upwardly extending channels, a conduit connection between each of said channels and an adjacent distribution pipe each of said conduit connections being embedded in said structure and including a restricted portion, and said structure being formed with passages each leading upward from said space into intersection with a currea *sponding connection, means adjustable through said passages to adjust the ow capacities of the restricted portions of said conduit connections, removable closures for the lower ends of said channels, and closures for the lower ends of said passages removable to permit access from said space for the adjustment of the ilow restricted portions of said conduit connection.

10. An underred coke oven battery as specified in claim 6, in which each ci' the beams extending longitudinally of the battery, extends from one and of the battery to the other.

CARL OTTO.

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