US2224766A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Typewriting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2224766A
US2224766A US148270A US14827037A US2224766A US 2224766 A US2224766 A US 2224766A US 148270 A US148270 A US 148270A US 14827037 A US14827037 A US 14827037A US 2224766 A US2224766 A US 2224766A
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United States
Prior art keywords
carriage
ratchet
bar
lever
dog
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Expired - Lifetime
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US148270A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ronald D Dodge
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Publication date
Priority to FR839227D priority Critical patent/FR839227A/fr
Priority to BE428467D priority patent/BE428467A/xx
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US148270A priority patent/US2224766A/en
Priority to GB12585/38A priority patent/GB504774A/en
Priority to CH205194D priority patent/CH205194A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2224766A publication Critical patent/US2224766A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/20—Positive-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/32—Differential or variable-spacing arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to typewriting machines.
  • the broad object of the present invention is'to provide an improved spacing mechanism for thecarriages of typewriting machines.
  • An object is to providean improved spacing mechanism which varies the spacing of the characters to correspond with their widths.
  • Another object is to provide a spacing mechanism in which means are provided to vary the spacing of the carriage in accordance with the widths of the upper case letters as well as the lower case letters.
  • An object is to provide means whereby Justification of typewritten copy may be accomplished.
  • ⁇ in object is to provide a novel indicating device for effecting justification of typewritten lines.
  • Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5-5 in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged side elevation of the right hand end of the carriage
  • Fig. '7 is a vertical section on the line in Fig. 4; i
  • Fig. 8 is a rear elevation showing the tabulating mechanism in operated position
  • Fig. 9 is a plan view of the justification indicator mechanism
  • Fig. 10 is a detail view of a portion of the mechanism for operating the justification indicator
  • Figs. 11 and 12 are diagrammatic views of the front paper guide and aligning scale
  • Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the tabulator key
  • Fig. 14 is a large scale detail view of part of the carriage release mechanism
  • Fig. 15 is' a section on the linel5l5 in Fig. 14.
  • Fig. 1 designates the usual character keys on key levers l I pivoted on a rod I! which is supported by a cross frame I: rigidly mounted in the base ll.
  • Rotatably mounted in the base I4 is the power roller l5 which is rotated in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 1) by means of a motor, not shown, by means of a worm drive I I (Fig. 2), the worm shaft "a. in Fig. 2 being connected to the motor by means of a suitable flexible connection.
  • the power roller i5 rotates continually.
  • cam units l6 Cooperating with the power roller ii are the cam units l6 which are pivotally mounted on rods I1 extending parallel with the power roller 15. There is a cam unit [6 associated with each of the key levers H and each cam unit is connected by a link l8 with a sub-lever I9 pivoted on rod l2.
  • the sub-levers H are connected by links 20 to type bars 2
  • are pivoted in the usual wire segment 23 provided with a type guide 24 located in front of the platen 25.
  • the platen is asusual rotatably mounted in the carriage 26 40 which is supported on front and rear rails 21 and 28, respectively, by means of suitable anti-friction roller trucks.
  • Springs 29 connected to a curved spring anchoring member 30 and to toggles22 provide means for locking the toggles 45 in the normal position shown in Fig. 1.
  • the segment 23 is mounted in a frame 32 which forms part of the type basket.
  • the type basket is movably mounted in the" framework of 15' the machine for case shifting movement in a well known way and normally occupies an elevated position shown in Fig. 1 for the typing of the lower case characters.
  • the shift mechanism for drawing the type basket 32 downwardly topermit the printing of capital letters is described in Patent No. 1,945,097 and is partly shown 1 Fig. 4.
  • Pivoted on the stud .31 is a three-armed lever 38 having two pins 38a,
  • T-shaped lever 39 which is pivotally mounted at 48 on one arm of a three-armed lever 4
  • the lever 38 is connected by a link 42 to one arm of the toggle lever 35.
  • the T lever 39 has a stud 43 projecting into a slot formed in an arm 44 comprising an extension of the shift key lever.
  • One arm of lever4l has a link connection 45 to a cam unit, not shown, which is controlled by a shift key, also not shown.
  • the escapement mechanism is mounted in a frame casting 46 which is secured to the undersides of the front and rear rails 21, 28 (Figs. 1, 3, and 4).
  • the frame 46 is formed with two parallel struts 46a (see Fig. 3) which support the escapement ratchets which are designated 48, 49, and 58.
  • are loose in aligned holes in the struts 46a and support the rod 52 on which the ratchets 48; 49, and 50 are rotatably mounted. Abutting the end of each sleeve 5
  • the rear end of the pinion 55 is formed as a ball race (see Fig. 15) in cooperation with balls 68 located adjacent the hub' of the ratchet 49.
  • the pinion meshes with one of a pair of intermeshing pinions 6
  • the pinion 64 meshes with one of a similar pair of intermeshing pinions 65 mounted on brackets 66 carried by ratchet wheel 58, while the other pinion 65 meshes with a pinion 61.
  • a ratchet wheel 68 (Figs. 3 and 15) which is of the same diameter as the ratchet 56 while secured to the pinion 67 is a ratchet 69 which is considerably larger in diameter than the ratchets 56, 68.
  • the ratchets 56 and 69 are normally connected for driving purposes by means best shown in Figs. 14 and 15 comprising a dog 18 pivoted on a stud 1
  • the dog 18 normally engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 56 whereby the ratchet wheel 69 will be rotated in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 14) whenever the ratchet wheel 56 is similarly rotated by movement of the carriage.
  • the dog I0 is slotted to embrace a stud '12 carried by a member 13 also pivotally mounted on the stud H.
  • the member 13 has a lug engaging a stud 14 secured to the side of ratchet wheel 68.
  • a spring 15a anchored to studs 72 and 11, holds the tooth in dog 18 in engagement with the teeth of ratchet 56.
  • Movement of the carriage is effected, as usual in typewriting machines, by means of a spring drum 18 partly shown in Fig. 3 and shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6 on which drum is wound the tape 19 passing over a pulley 88 mounted on the rear rail 28 and thence to the right hand end of the rack 51 at which point the tape 19 is secured to the rack. Due to the constant tension produced in the tape 19 by the spring drum 18, the carriage 26 tends to move to the left. Thus the ratchet 56 tends to rotate the ratchet 69 and pinion 61 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 14) or clockwise in Fig. 7. This rotational tendency of the pinion 61 is communicated to the ratchet wheels 48, 49, and 58 (Fig.
  • the bracket 85 is adjustably rotated on the stud 83 until the free end of said dog 82 engages one wall of a tooth in the ratchet 69 but does not quite touch the other wall of the adjacent tooth, the object being to silence the clicking noise which ordinarily is experienced with similar ratchet-and-pawl mechanisms due to the end of the dog striking the side of the next succeeding tooth after. riding over a given tooth.
  • release mechanism which is operated by the usual.
  • carriage release levers 81 one of which is shown in Fig. 6,these levers being pivoted on studs 81a on the side plates of the carriage with the freeends of levers 81 adjacent the usual platen rotating knobs 88.
  • Each lever 81 abuts one endof acbail 89 pivotally mounted in the side plates of the carriage.
  • the ball 89 is rocked clockwise in Fig. 6 thereby causing the rod 89 (Fig. '7 which forms part of the bail to move rearwardly oi the platen or forwardlyin Fig. '7.
  • (Figs. 1, 6. and '1) pivoted on the top surface of the rear rail 28 is thereby moved rearwardly of the platen. or forwardly in Fig. '7 whenever the ball 89 is moved by the release levers 81.
  • a r lease dog 93 having a slot 93a embracin a stud94 carried by the bracket 92.
  • a spring 85. anchor d to the lower end of the dog 93 and to the bracket 92, normallyliolds the lower end of said dog against a stop lug 92a formed in the bracket 92, with the stud 94' at the lower left hand end of the slot 93a. Inthis position of the dog 93, the
  • the ratchet 68 is moved by doe 93 in a counterclockwise direction relati e to the ratchet 69 (Fi 7) or 61' the p n 14 on ratchet 68 with t e slot n lever 13, and the coonerat ornnf pin 12 with the lu on the do 0. the latter is lifted out of engagemerit with the teeth of ratchet 56 thereby p rrnitting said ratchet to be moved independently of the ratchet 69.
  • the carria e may be moved by hand or by the power operat d return mechanism without disturbin the escanism mechanism and without the escapement mechanism interfering -with the movement of the carriage.
  • the dog 93 is operated automatically whenever the usual power operated return mechanism operates to return the carriage prior to writing a new line.
  • the carriage is returned by power mechanism very similar with the one described in Patent No. 1,753,450 under control of a carriage return key.
  • This mechanism is not shown in the present case, because it is not directly involved in the operation of the invention claimed hereinafter. It will sufllce to say that when the carriage return key is depressed, a cam unit I60 (Fig. 2) controlled thereby is operative to straighten the toggle which engages the carriage return clutch and, through a chain of connections including a link 96 (Fig. '1), a bell crank 98, and a link 99, rocks a three-armed lever I pivoted at I0l to a plate I02 secured to the rear rail 28.
  • the bracket 92 is secured to the plate I02.
  • the three-armed lever I00 controls the release of the carriage return clutch and, when operated as described, moves one arm of said lever
  • the dog 93 is operated to disengage the dog 10 from the ratchet 56.
  • the ratchet 56 rotates in aplo'cgwise direction (Fig. 14) whereby, if the dog 10 were not released by the connection including
  • 03a strikes a cam surface I 000 in the arm
  • 02 is engaged by the left hand marginal stop
  • the ratchet wheels 48, 49, and 50 have teeth, 21, 36, and 21 respectively, whereby the amount of feeding movement imparted to the carriage may be varied. Due to the method of interconnecting the ratchet wheels by means of intermeshing pinions, the ratchet wheels 48 and 50 rotate in a direction opposite to the ratchet 49. Assuming for the moment that the ratchet Wheels 48 and 49 (Fig.
  • pinion 61 rotates twice as much as ratchet wheel 49.
  • the same amount of movement will be communicated from the ratchet wheel 48 to the ratchet wheel 61 through the pinions 6
  • the pinion 61 and hence the pinion 55 will be rotated 1 of a revolution whenever the ratchet wheel 48 rotates one tooth space. on the other hand. since the movement of the pinion 61 is twice that of the ratchet wheel 49 and the latter has thirty-six teeth, the pinions 61 and 56 will be rotated the equivalent of 5 of a revolution of the ratchet wheel 49. Likewise, the ratchet wheel 50 having twenty-seven teeth, pinions 61 and 65 will be rotated 6 of a revolution of the ratchet wheel 50.
  • the rotation of the escapement ratchet wheels 48, 49, 60 is controlled by means of three dog rocker mechanisms which are selectively controlled by power operated selecting mechanism.
  • FIG. 5 shows the dog rocker mechanism for the ratchet wheel 49.
  • Each dog rocker mechanism includes a dog rocker plate I06 which is pivotally mounted on'vertically aligned conical studs I01 screwed into threaded holes in two parallel and horizontal portions 46b of the frame 46. The conical points of the studs are seated in conical holes in lugs formed in the dog rocker plate I06.
  • Pivoted on a stud I08 carried by the rocker plate I06 is the usual loose escapement dog 8
  • the left hand end of the dog 8I engaging one of the teeth of the ratchet is held in the position of Fig. 5 owing to the tension of the spring drum I8 (Fig-4) being greater than the tension of the spring I09 (Fig. 5) whereby the dog 8I is forced against a resilient stop IIOa mounted on an arm III which is rotatably secured to the side of the rocker plate I06 by meansof the'stud I08.
  • the stud I08 has a shoulder on which the dog 8
  • the upper left 1 hand portion of the arm III is provided with a bent-over lug against which bears an adjusting screw II2 carried by a lug formed in the rocker plate I06.
  • the arm III may be rotatably adjusted about the stud I08 as a pivot.
  • the dog rocker plate I06 (Fig. 3) is provided with a lug I06a which is substantially in horizontal alignment with the left end of the dog 8I but does not normally engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel 49.
  • the rocker plate I06 (Fig. is formed with a lug'I I4 which extends between two resilient stops I I5a, II 5b niounted on arms II 6a, I I6b,respective- 1y, which arms are pivoted in scissors fashion on one of the conical studs I01.
  • the stops 5a, II5b being located on opposite sides of the lug II4, adjustably limit the oscillatory movements of the plate I06 on the 'studs I0'I as pivots.
  • brackets I I8 (Figs. 1 and 2) secured to the lower edges of the sides of the base I4 is a rod II9 which issteadiedat its midpoint by extending through a slot in a bracket I20 (see Fig. 4 also) secured to the frame I2I which supports the case shift mechanism and the type basket by means not shown.
  • Pivotally mounted on the rod II9 are selector bars I22 which extend forwardly and horizontally to points underneath the cam units I6. There is a selector bar I22 for each cam unit I6 and its key.
  • the r bars I22 are made in two lengths which alternate on-the rod II9, the shorter bars I22 being inter-.
  • Each gof the selector bars I22 has a link connectionlIZS with an extension I24 formed as part of one of the side frames of the cams and release mechanism of the cam'units I6.
  • Theselector bars I22 are provided with one o: more lugs like I22a, I222), I22c I221 (Fig. 4) each designed to be engageable with one of three bails which selectively control the operation of the escapement mechanism.
  • Each bail comprises a rod I25 mounted in side arms I26 (Figs. 2 and 4)"which are pivotally mounted on studs I21.
  • These studs are carried by arms I28 the hubs of which are rigidly mounted on and near the ends of a shaft I29.
  • This shaft is rotatably of the longer bars and adjacent the ends of the shorter bars by means of a comb I3I which is secured to the lower'edges of the base I4.
  • the bars I22 Adjacent the rod II9, the bars I22 are guided by a comb I32 which is formed with side arms I32a attached to hubs fixedly mounted on the rod I I9 as best shown in Fig. 2.
  • Pivotally mounted on the rod II9 near the center of the machine are three arms I 33, I 34, I 35 which. extend forwardly (Fig. 2) or to the right in Fig. 4 to overlie the rods I25.
  • the arms I34, I35 are curved at their forward ends whereby bar I34 may be operated only by the central rod I25 and the bar I35 only by the right hand rod I 25.
  • the end of the arm I33 is straight and is operated only by the left handrod I 25. It will be seen that each time one of the selector bars I22 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 4) one or more of the arms I33, I34, I 35 will be similarly rocked about rod III) as a pivot.
  • brackets I36, I31 (Fig. 2) secured to the inside face of the base II4.
  • Each bracket I36, I31 extends horizontally underneath the arms I26 and is provided with a resilient facing I38 of material such as leather and each of the arms I26 is provided with a bent-over lug I26a resting on the top surface of the adjacent resilient facing I38.
  • Each of the levers I33, I34, I35 extends rearwardly of the rod I I9 and supports arms I39, I40, I4I which are pivoted on studs I42 carried by the arms I33, I34, I35, respectively.
  • Each of the arms I39, I40, I has a bentover lug I43 which cooperates with the upper edge of the rear end of the corresponding levers I33, I34, I35 and these lugs are normally held in contact with said levers by means of torsion springs I44 interposed between pins carried by the arms I39, I40, I and pins carried by the levers I33, I34, I35.
  • the levers I33, I34, I35 are urged in a clockwise direction by means of springs I 45 anchored to pins carried by said levers and ear formed in bracket I20.
  • the arms I39, I40, I have link connections I46 to arms I41, I48, I49, respectively, which are pivotally mounted on the front sides of the rocker plates I06 of the several escapements. It is evident that when one or more of the levers I34, I35, I36 is rocked I in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 4), one or more of the links I46 will be drawn downwardly thereby rocking the corresponding arms I41, I48, I49 downwardly, or clockwise in Fig. .5, which shows only the arm I48 for the middle escapement mechanism.
  • bracket I50 having a horizontal slot into which extends a stud I5I on a bar I52.
  • This bar at its forward end (Figs. 3 and 4) is pivotally connected to a bell crank I 53 pivotally mounted on a bracket I53a secured to frame 46.
  • the bell crank I53 has a link connection I54 to the movable frame including the universal bar 3
  • the link I54 has a slotted connection to the universal bar frame.
  • the bar I52 through most of its length is L-shaped in vertical section and on the top surface of the horizontal portion of said bar there is secured three screw studs I56 located in the rear of and slightly below the ends of the arms I41, I48, I49, respectively, whereby the bar I52, if operated alone, will not affect any of the arms I41, I48, I49.
  • a spring I55 anchored to a or more of the levers I33, I34, I and their corresponding arms I39, I40, MI is drawn downwardly thereby rocking the corresponding arms I41, I48, I49 downwardly or clockwise in Fig. 5
  • the bar I22 .for the Q key I0, shown in front in Fig. 4, has a lug I22f whereby only the lever I 35 and arm I41 are operated.
  • the bar I 5.2 is restored by spring I to the position of Figs. 3 and 4, this operation taking place during the first part of the restoring movement of the type bar and is completed by the time the type bar has receded a short distance from the printing point.
  • the bails comprising rods I25 and arms I26 and the operated levers and arms I33, I34, I35 and I39, I40, I4I, respectively, will be restored to the position of Fig. 4 thereby restoring the operated arms I41, I48, I49 to the position shown in Fig. 5.
  • escapement ratchets I48, I49, I50 will be operated with the result that the carriage will be permitted to move a distance depending uponthe spacing of the teeth in the selected ratchets I48, I49, I 50.
  • An arm I51 (Fig. 4) is secured to the shaft I29 and has a link connection I58 to an arm I59 secured to the shaft 36 which it will be re"- called is rocked counterclockwise each time the type basket 32 is drawn downwardly to the upper case position.
  • arm I59 is rocked counterclockwise thereby, through the link I58, rocking arm I51, the shaft I28, and the arms I28 in a clockwise direction.
  • The,bails comprising arms I 25 and arms I26 are thus drawn rearwardly, or to the right in Fig. 4, to re-position the rods to register with lugs I22a, I220, I22e.
  • the smallest spacing of the carriage which may be accomplished by the escapement mechanism herein described is .044" 2 per character.
  • the back-space mechanism is capable of reversally moving the carriage one unit of spacing or .022".
  • the back space key Ilia (Fig. 1) as well known in the art controls a cam unit I6a (Fig. 2) which, however, has a single lobe on its cam instead of a double lobe as is'the case with the cams in the cam units I5 operating the type bars.
  • This cam unit is not shown in Fig. 1 but is connected by a link I8a to a bell crank I66 having a link connection I6I to one arm of a bell crank I52 (Fig. 1) pivoted on a stud I63 carriedby the rear rail 28.
  • The' other arm of the bell crank has a link connection I54 to a bell crank I65 pivoted on a stud I65 carried by a bracket I61 secured to the frame 46.
  • a back space feed dog I68 actuated by a spring I6! is pivoted on the other arm of hell crank I65 and has a bent-over lug which normally is clear of the teeth in ratchet 56.
  • the upper end of the dog I68 is held in engagement with an eccentric quiet-III on bracket I61 by spring I66 which stud holds the dog I68 clear of the teeth in ratchet 68.
  • the lower feed roller I is rotatably mounted on one end of a shaft .I82 journaled on a bracket I83 secured to the side of the base I4.
  • the upper feed roller I19 is rotatablymounted on a stud I84 mounted at the mid-point of a release lever I85 which is pivoted at I86 to a stud carried by the bracket I83.
  • a torsion spring I81 wound around the stud- I88 and hooked over the edge of the lever I85, urges said lever in a counterclockwise direction to constantly engage the roller I19 with roller I80.
  • the upper feed roller I19 is flanged so as to project on each side of the ribbon and feed roller I80 and prevents the ribbon from slipping off the feed roller I80.
  • the shaft I82 extends through the base I4 0 and is journaled in a lug formed in a bracket I834 (Figs. 3 and 4) secured to the frame 46 which supports the escapement mechanism.
  • bevel gear I82a secured to shaft I82 meshes with a similar bevel gear 182?) secured to a 45 short shaft I82c extending at right angles to the shaft I82 and journaled in lugs formed inthe frame I83a'.
  • a large gear I 82d is secured to the shaft I820 and meshes with pinion 81.
  • the shaft I82 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction when the escapement mechanism is operative whereby the carbon ribbon I18 willbe fed an extent depending upon the width of the character typed.
  • the tabulating mechanism is shown in Figs.
  • the usual marginal release key I88 of the International electric writing machine is herein employed to operate the tabular stop lever.
  • This key (Fig. 13) is slidably mounted in brackets I89, I90 and its rear or left hand end 2 0 I (Fig.13) abuts a lug formed in one arm of a bell crank I9I which bell' crank, is urged in a clockwise direction (Fig. 13) by a spring I92 anchored to the bracket I90.
  • a pin I93 is carried by the key I88 to limit the restoring movement of said key.
  • the other arm of the bell crank I9I has a hole into which projects the narrowed portion I94a. of the tabular lever I94 which is pivoted on a stud I95 (Fig.
  • a bracket I96 secured to the rear rail 28.
  • a tabular stop arm I91 having its right hand end turned upwardly at I91a into the path of the column stop I98 on column fstop rack I99.
  • the lever I94 has a pin 200 projecting through a slot formed in the lever I91 which pin is interconnected by a spring 20I with a pin I91b carried by the lever I91.
  • the bell crank I9I (Figs. 8 and 13 is mounted on a bracket 202 secured to the rear rail 28 which bracket has a stud 203 screwed therein having an eccentric shoulder 2034; in the plane of the bell crank I9I. Shoulder 203a acts as an adjustable stop to limit clockwise movement of bell crank I9I when the key I88 is pushed to the left in Fig. 13.
  • 11 and 12 is shown parts of the usual front paper guide 204 which is located at the printing point on each side of the type guide for the purpose of keeping the type from fouling or embossing the paper as would happen if the paper should bulge away from the platen.
  • a .portion of the paper guide is cut away at 204a to provide a vertical straight edge for the purpose of positioning the ca riage after an error has been erased.
  • the space bar is operated four times which causes the carriage to space sufiiciently far to the left to bring the letter used for a basis for realigning the carriage to the position of Fig. 12. Thereafter, depression of the proper key to correct the error will cause the correct letter to appear in its proper position to the right of the letter used as a basis for alignment and such letter will be typed with the proper spacing.
  • the center line of the type guide is indicated by the vertical broken line. This line lies in a plane which passes through the longitudinal axes of the type bars when in printing position.
  • the characters on the types are not centered with respect to the longitudinal axis of the type bars but are offset more to the right than to the left with reference to the center line in Figs. 11 and 12 as shown by the letter M in Fig. 12.
  • One portion of all the characters is offset to the left (Fig. 12) a constant distance but the other portions of the letters are offset variable extents to the right of the center line depending upon the respective widths of the letters.
  • the escapement mechanism is designed to space the letters so that the right hand portions of the letters always take a position a predetermined distance to the left of the center line which distance is slightly greater than the extent to which every letter is offset to the left.
  • a justification indicator and signal device is provided in order to facilitate the justification of the typewritten matter in the preparation of the master sheets.
  • This device is shown in Figs. 1, 9, and 10.
  • Mounted on the rear rail 28 near the right hand end thereof is a bracket 205 (Fig. 10) which slidably supports a rod 206,
  • This rod has a short arm 201 secured thereto which is in the path of movement of the right hand marginal stop l03b whereby said marginal stop will engage the arm 201 as the carriage moves to the left in writing a line.
  • the left hand end of the rod 206 is pivotally connected to one arm of a bell crank 208 (Fig. 9) on a stud 209 carried by an extension l02a formed in the plate I02.
  • the other arm of the bell crank 208 has a link connection 2
  • the other arm of the lever 2 has a link connection M4 to a slide 2l5 which is guided by a strip 2? secured to one side of a bar 2" mounted on the front cover plate 2! (Fig. 1).
  • the slide MS has its ends 2l 5a formed with lugs which loosely extend around the edges of the strip 2l6 so as to guide the slot 2l5 for a longi: tudinal movement of the bar 2I'l.
  • One face of the bar 211 is inclined so as to be at right angles to the line of sight of a person using the machine and is graduated as shown in Fig. 9 to correspond with successive points .022" apart in the movement of the carriage.
  • the spacing of the graduations on the bar- 211 corresponds to the spacings which are given the carriage by the back space mechanism.
  • the slide 215 has a portion 2I5b which extends over the surface of the bar 2
  • v 2,224,766 operator counts the number of spaces between to move eight units of spacing. remembering that the space bar causes the carriage to move four units of spacing when operated. The operator, after typing the first word, depresses the.
  • back space key three times which back spaces the carriage three units.
  • the effect produced by these operations is to cause the first two words to be separated by five units 01' spacing. If these operations are repeated after each word of the first line, five units of spacing will likewise be produced between the remaining words. Thus, for the seven words of the first line, six additional spaces will have been inserted causing the first line to terminate at the right-hand margin. In other words, after the first line has been retyped, the slide 2
  • the spacing between words may be varied by small increments to cause each line to terminate fiush with the margin.
  • the width of the last letter typed may cause the last word of the line to extend beyond the marginal position to such an extent as to be noticeable with reference to a preceding or following line which terminates flush with tration, the lower case letter 1" is very considerably narrower than the lower case letter m," and the diflerence is sogreat that if two successive lines terminated with the letters 1 and m, respectively, the margin would be noticeably ragged in the justified copy owing to the letter m" being offset to the right an extent suflicient to be noticeable.
  • a unit may be subtracted between two words whereby the letter m will not, in the final draft, project beyond the mar-.
  • a carriage means to variably space the carriage according to the widths of the characters typed including a plurality of selectable escapements, selecting means for combinationally selecting the escapements for operation, character keys, power means controlled by said keys for operating the selecting means and type bars, and means controlled by the selecting means and operated by the type 40 bars for operating the selected escapements.
  • typing means a carriage for a record sheet; selectively operable elements, each representing a character, for controlling the operation of the typing means,
  • variable feed mechanism for the carriage including a series of feed controlling elements, each being operable to cause a predetermined feed of the carriage, and operable singly or in various combinations to produce a plurality of different feeds of the carriage greater in number than the number of feed controlling elements; means connecting the feed mechanism to the carriage, a common operating member with which said feed controlling elements are engageable, and means controlled by the selectively operablea elements 'for engaging the feed controlling elements with the common operating member.
  • typing means a carriage for a record sheet, selectively operable members representing characters for controlling the operation of the typing means,
  • each element being operable to cause a predetermined feed of the carriage and operable either singly or in various combinations to produce a plurality of difierent feeds of the carriage greater in number than the number of operable elements; means connecting the feed mechanism to the carriage; means common to said operable elements for operating one or more of said elements, said elements being selectively operatively engageable with the common operating means; and control means intermediate the selectively operable members and the feed controlling elements for selectively and combinationally engaging the latter with the common operating means whenever one of the selectively operable members is actuated.
  • typing means a carriage for a record sheet; selectively operable elements for controlling the operation of the typing means, each element representing a character and, when operated, causing the typing means to print such character; means controlled by the selectively operable elements for operating the typing means; variable feed mechanism for the carriage including a series of feed controlling elements, each, when operated, causing the carriage to be fed a predetermined amount, said feed controlling elements being normally idle and operable singly or in various combinations to cause the carriage to be fed a plurality of different extents; means to connect the feed mechanism to the carriage, means common to said feed controlling elements for operating the latter to effect a feed of the carriage, a second RONALD D. DODGE.

Landscapes

  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
US148270A 1937-06-15 1937-06-15 Typewriting machine Expired - Lifetime US2224766A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR839227D FR839227A (en)van) 1937-06-15
BE428467D BE428467A (en)van) 1937-06-15
US148270A US2224766A (en) 1937-06-15 1937-06-15 Typewriting machine
GB12585/38A GB504774A (en) 1937-06-15 1938-04-27 Improvements in or relating to typewriting machines
CH205194D CH205194A (fr) 1937-06-15 1938-06-07 Machine à écrire.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US148270A US2224766A (en) 1937-06-15 1937-06-15 Typewriting machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2224766A true US2224766A (en) 1940-12-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US148270A Expired - Lifetime US2224766A (en) 1937-06-15 1937-06-15 Typewriting machine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2224766A (en)van)
BE (1) BE428467A (en)van)
CH (1) CH205194A (en)van)
FR (1) FR839227A (en)van)
GB (1) GB504774A (en)van)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2435933A (en) * 1942-02-20 1948-02-10 Rock Ola Mfg Corp Coin control and credit register mechanism
US2477702A (en) * 1944-07-08 1949-08-02 Coxhead Ralph C Corp Backspacing mechanism
US2527213A (en) * 1947-04-24 1950-10-24 Royal Typewriter Co Inc Variable spacing mechanism for typewriting or like machines
US2697502A (en) * 1951-12-15 1954-12-21 Underwood Corp Uniform impression typing mechanism
US2734614A (en) * 1956-02-14 Proportional ribbon feed mechanism
US2788881A (en) * 1955-01-06 1957-04-16 Ibm Justifier indicator
US2811235A (en) * 1955-11-10 1957-10-29 Underwood Corp Machine for typing a tape record and a proof sheet simultaneously
DE969421C (de) * 1951-03-08 1958-05-29 Adlerwerke Kleyer Ag H Volltextschreibende Buchungsmaschine
US2905307A (en) * 1957-03-29 1959-09-22 Hazeltine Research Inc Typewriter carriage position indicator
US2930471A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-03-29 Sperry Rand Corp Automatic position indicator
US3401783A (en) * 1965-12-30 1968-09-17 Ibm Proportional ribbon feed mechanism
US3444979A (en) * 1965-06-09 1969-05-20 Olivetti & Co Spa Ribbon feeding device for a variable spacing typewriter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2862595A (en) * 1954-10-18 1958-12-02 Underwood Corp Proportional letter-feed mechanism for typewriters or the like

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734614A (en) * 1956-02-14 Proportional ribbon feed mechanism
US2435933A (en) * 1942-02-20 1948-02-10 Rock Ola Mfg Corp Coin control and credit register mechanism
US2477702A (en) * 1944-07-08 1949-08-02 Coxhead Ralph C Corp Backspacing mechanism
US2527213A (en) * 1947-04-24 1950-10-24 Royal Typewriter Co Inc Variable spacing mechanism for typewriting or like machines
DE969421C (de) * 1951-03-08 1958-05-29 Adlerwerke Kleyer Ag H Volltextschreibende Buchungsmaschine
US2697502A (en) * 1951-12-15 1954-12-21 Underwood Corp Uniform impression typing mechanism
US2788881A (en) * 1955-01-06 1957-04-16 Ibm Justifier indicator
US2811235A (en) * 1955-11-10 1957-10-29 Underwood Corp Machine for typing a tape record and a proof sheet simultaneously
US2905307A (en) * 1957-03-29 1959-09-22 Hazeltine Research Inc Typewriter carriage position indicator
US2930471A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-03-29 Sperry Rand Corp Automatic position indicator
US3444979A (en) * 1965-06-09 1969-05-20 Olivetti & Co Spa Ribbon feeding device for a variable spacing typewriter
US3401783A (en) * 1965-12-30 1968-09-17 Ibm Proportional ribbon feed mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB504774A (en) 1939-05-01
CH205194A (fr) 1939-06-15
FR839227A (en)van) 1939-03-29
BE428467A (en)van)

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