US2196437A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS April 9, 1940- v G. F. HANDL'z-:Y

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28, 1957 April 9, 1940. G. F. HANDLEY I TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28., 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR eorjge Hand/'ey BWM #mfr ATTORNEXS V Patented Apr. 9, 191i()l UNITED sTArEs,

PATENT 1 OFFICE TYPEWR'ITING MACHINE Application August 28,

46 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines generally, although more -particularly to a carriage feeding mechanism for uniformly spacing typed characters of unjustified by the step movement of the rack bar will be,

transmitted to the carriage and the latter will be moved longitudinally with respect to the rack bar for a predetermined distance.

Another object of the invention is'to provide control means for varying the distance of the carriage pivot relative to the rack bar pivot whereby the multiplying lever during the travel of the carriage along a predetermined distance g@ will move the carriage longitudinally relative to the rack bar for a distance equal to a predetermined number of character spaces and thereby uniformly space all of the characters in a justled line of predetermined length.

With these and other objects in view which 'will more fully appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by following the description,I the appended claims, and the several views 'illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: Figure lisa top plan view showing a portion of the machine frame, the carriage, the escapement mechanism therefor, and rmy associated invention,

Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof, certain parts being shown in section,

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the usual escapement mechanism, y

Figure 4 is a front elevation of the structure shown in Figure 2, certain parts being shown in section,

Figure 5 is a cross-section taken on-the line 5?-5 oi Figure 1,

Figure 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 2, f"

f Figure 'l is a horizontal section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2, and

Figure 8 is a developed view of the rotary ycon- 50 trol means.

Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several gures' o! the drawings.

My invention is especially applicable to a Royal 55 standard typewriter, although it may be em- 1937, serai No. 161,514'

(ci. 1er-84) ployed with'typewriting machines of other manufacture, and in the accompanying drawings I have illustrated only that much of a typewriting machine as is necessary to a clear understanding of my invention.

The usual typewriting machine includes a main frame A which supports a track 5 on which is mounted a carriage B having end plates 6, 1, in

' which .is journaled a platen 8, the carriage being reciprocal longitudinally along the track from one side of the main frame to the other. The carriage is urged towards the left by the usual spring motor (not shown),` and is manually moved to the right, the carriage being moved intermittently to the left at uniform distances 15 upon release of an escapement. 'I'he usual Royal escapement includes a rack bar which is mounted on the carriage in a manner to prevent any relative longitudinal movement of the carriage whereby upon depressions of any key leveror 20 spacing bar, the escapement mechanism will be actuated and will produce definite longitudinal steps `or character space movements to the carriage.

In the present instance, manually controllable g5 means are provided for varying the carriage step relative to the escapement controlled rack bar whereby the carriage will be moved farther tothe left than the rack bar during each step movement of the latter. To this end, the rack bar 9 a@ is secured to a rack bail I0 having rearwardly extending supporting arms II, I2 at its ends. 'I'hese arms are slidably and pivotally mounted on pivot studs I3, I4 which are rigidly mounted on the end plates 6, 'i and project inwardly therefrom. Yokes I5, I6v are respectively fulcrumed on th'e studs Il, Il, each yoke including spaced inner and outer arms I1, I8 and a rigidly connected tie bar I9. The arms II, I2 of the rack bail are respectively disposed between the arms 4 Il, I8 of the yokes, a'nd horizontal pins 20 which are rigidly connected to the bail arms 0f each' yoke vhave sliding engagements in bearing openings formed in the arms II, I2 at points in front of the pivot 'studs I3, I4. The outer arms I8, I8 of said yokes terminate in rearwardly extending arms 2 I, 2l to which are connected'the lower ends of coil springs 22, 22 which function to retain yieldably the rack bar 9 infopei'ative engagement o with the escapement pinion 23, but permitting the rack 'bar to beeleyated and disengaged therefrom each time the escapement carriage release lever- (not shown) is actuated. The pinion is iournaled on a horizontal shaft 2l supported on the main frame A, and connected to the pinion to rotate therewith is the usual escapement wheel 25 which is controlled by the fixed and movable dogs 26, 2'! mounted on a dog rocker 28 and actuated in the usual manner upon depression of a key lever or the spacing bar. In Figure 1, the carriage' is shown as being located at its extreme right hand position, and considerable space is provided between the bail arm I I and the inner arm I 'I of the yoke I5 and between the bail arm I2 and the outer arm I8 of the yoke I6. Consequently the carriage is capable of moving longitudinally and towards the left with respect to the rack 9 for a distance equal to a plurality of character spaces which in the present instance is seven.

Rigidly attached to the main frame A and projecting rearwardly from the upper right hand end portion thereof is a horizontal bracket arm 29, and rigidly connected to and projecting laterally from-the end plate 'I of the carriageB is a horizontal bracket 30. An arm 3l is connected to the right hand end of the rack bar 9 by a horizontal pivot 32, and this arm extends longitudinally of the rack bar and is in effect a part thereof. This arm projects through an opening 33 formed in the end plate l and overlies the carriage bracket 30, the outer end of the arm normally being guided in a straight line during longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the raclt bar, by means of a vertical guide pin 34 xed to the bracket 3B through the medium of a spacing collar 35 and operating in a guide slot 38 formed in and extending longitudinally of said arm.

A horizontally disposed multiplying lever 3i traverses the arm 3| of the rack bar, and is fulcrumed at its rear end on a vertical fulcrum pin 38 mounted in a spacing block 39 fixed to the rear end of the main frame bracket arm 29, the

lever being provided with a longitudinal slot 40' for receiving the iulcrum pin and cooperating therewith to form a sliding fulcru'm connection. The forward end of the multiplying lever 3l is forked to form spaced upper and lower longitudinal arms 4I, 42 for receiving the rack bar arm 3i therebetween'. The upper arm 4I is provided with a longitudinally extending slot 43 for receiving a pivot screw 44 which is secured to the rack bar arm 3l, thereby forming a sliding pivotal connection between the multiplying lever and the rack bar. 'Ihe guide pin 34 and pivot screw 44 both are formed with heads normally spaced above the arm 3l to provide clearance for permitting slight vertical rocking movement of the arm 3i when the latter moves pivotally relatively to the rack bail I incident to upward swinging of the bail about its pivots I3-I4 for escapement release. Thus the bail I0 may be swung upwardly for escapement release without eiecting any binding of the arm 3l.

A rack plate 45 is slidably mountedron the lower carriage bracket 3B below the rack bar arm 3i for longitudinal reciprocal movements in a straight line traversing the rack bar and in a direction at an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar, the plate being provided with a rack 46 along one of its longitudinal edges. The plate adjacent itsvfront and rear ends is provided with rigidly connected and depending guides 4l, 48 which have sliding engagements in slots 4S, 59 formed in'the bracket 3U. The front end of the lower arm 42 of the multiplying lever is pivotally connected to the front end of the rack plate 45 by a pivot pin I' which is iixed to said arm S2 and depends therefrom', the pin projecting into a pivot opening 48a formed in said rack plate. it

will, therefore, be seen that the multiplying lever 31 has a sliding Iulcrum on the main frame, a sliding pivotal connection with the rack bar, and a shiftxable pivot with the carriage. It will be also observed that by moving the rack plate longitudinally the carriage pivot 5I will be shifted towards or from the rack bar pivot 44, and consequently the distance between said pivots and the arm ratio of the lever 31 may be varied to thereby vary the longitudinal step movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar. It will be furthermore observed that the maximum distance between the rack bar pivot 44 and the carriage pivot 5I is reached when the guide pin 48 engages the forward end of the slot 5U, and that the rack plate 45 may be moved rearwardly until the carriage pivot 5I is located in axial alinement with the rack bar pivot 44, whereby the lever 31 will cease to function and the rack bar and the carriage will move in unison. Thus, when the carriage pivot 5I is positioned at its maximum distance in front of the rack bar pivot 44, and the carriage is being moved from extreme left to extreme right, an increased longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar will be made which will be equivalent to seven character spaces, this diiferential movement of the carriage being uniformly distributed throughout the length of the justied writing line whereby all of the printed characters in the line will be equally spaced. By moving the carriage pivot 5l closer to the rack bar pivot 44, a differential longitudinal step movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar will be made to compensate for any character spacing less than seven.

A justied copy consists of lines of uniform length arranged with vertically alined margins, and in practice these copies may be of dierent widths, say, fourffive, six, or seven inches.

Practice has taught that in a four inch justiiled line a maximum differential of four character spaces is suiicient; that in a live inch justified line a maximum diierential of iive character spaces is suilicient;. that in a six inch justified line a maximum differential of six character spaces is suiiicient; and that in a seven inch jus- ,tied line a maximum differential of seven character spaces is sufiicient.

It is obvious that when writing a justified line of a given length, say seven inches, the diierentlal step movement of the carriage must be less than when Writing a justified line of a lesser length, say six inches.

Therefore it is desirable to provide a control means for the multiplying lever which is adaptable for a. justiiied line of any of said widths. To this end, an upper bracket 52 is rigidly secured to the end plate l of the carriage and is disposed above and in spaced relation to the lower carriage bracket 3G.

A single rotary control element C is employed for varying the justiiied carriage step movement to meet the conditions incident to justifying copies of different widths. 'Ihe control element C includes a vertical shaft 53 which is journaled in the brackets 30, 52. Fixed to the lower end of the shaft is a pinion 54 which is in constant mesh with the rack 46 of the rack plate 45, and functions upon rotation of the shaft to move said plate longitudinally, thereby shifting the carriage pivot 5I towards or from the rack bar pivot 44 and eiecting a justified step movement to the carriage. Fixed to the shaft 53 below the upper bracket 52 is a space-indicating cylinder 55. The

periphery of the cylinder is provided with a pluaise-,asv

rality oi circumferential series a, b, c, andv d of justifying space indicating numerals, the series being `arranged one above the other. 'l'he numerals of each series are equally spaced, but the l numerals vary in number in the different series and consequently they spacing between the nu-l merals of one series is diierent from the spacing between the numerals' of the other series. The

z ries a contains .the numerals 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5; the

carriage by the escapement mechanism. l

In operation if it is desired to reproduce an series b contains the numerals 0, vl, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

the series c contains the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,'

5, 6, 7; and the seriead contains the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. v The numerals of the four series are arranged in verticall alinement as shown in Figure 8, and the numerals 5, 6, '1, 4 of the four series are also arranged in -vertical alincment as shown in said figure. A spring arm II is pivotedv end 62 V`of the linger being positioned centrally Y thereof. Thus, when the spring arm 56 is swung upwardly or ldownwardly the pointer arm 60 will always maintain a vertical position .and the pointer nger will always cooperate properly with the series of vnumerals on the cylinder 55.

in order to assist the operator in positioning the pointer nnger' di in cooperative relation with any one of the seriesv a, b, c, or d of numerals, there is provided a vertically disposed indicator plate b3 above the cylinder i795. This plate includes a rearwardly extending bracket arm (iii which terminates in an attaching arm 65 secured to the bracket 52 by screws Cid. On the front .face of this plate d@ are lineindica which consist of a vertical series of spaced horizontal lines and associated numerals, which are respectively indicated'at 6l, 68,169 and "it, the numerals consisting of the numbers 5, 6, '1 and 4 respectively. The lines are vertically spaced to conform to the spaces between the series a, b, c, and d of the justifying space indicating numerals which are located on the cylinder 55l A pointer 'li extends `laterally from the front end of the arm 56 and is adapted to be placed in registration with any oi' said lines upon upward or downward movement of said arm. It will be noted that when the pointer arm B0 registers with any of the numerals 0 on the cylinder 55, the carriage pivot 5| will be disposed in axial alinement with the rack bar pivot 4I and in this position a normal stepmovement will be imparted tothe unjustified line to justied length, the arm 56 is Y moved upwardly or downwardly until the pointer 1l registers with thedesired line length indicia on the p1ate`63.. This movement simultaneously shifts the pointer;A 6| into registration .with the corresponding series of justifying spaceindicating numerals onthecylinder 55, 'Ihe operator having previouslyascertained the number oi' character spaces 'tobe uniformly distributed,l rotatesithe control 'element C until the proper numeral'is positioned in register with the endv 62 of said. pointer El.. 4This movement of the control element C causes the carriage pivot 5Iv to be adjusted either toward or from the rack bar pivot I4 whereby thel distance between said pivots will V besuch as to cause the necessary justifying step movement to be imparted to the carriage.

lt is desirable to yreleasably lock thew control elementC in its adjusted position, and for this purpose a cylinder 12 is ilxedly secured to the shaft 53 above the upper bracket 52. 'I'he cylinder 12 is provided with a plurality of circumferential series e, I, g, and h of openings 13 the several series being arranged one above the other v andthe openings of each series being angulariy spaced. Thenumber of openings, however, varies in the diii'erent series, there being six openings in the series e, seven openings in the series f,

eight openings in the series y, and ilve openings in the series h. 'I'he several series e, f, a, `and h of openings are spaced apart corresponding to the spaced relation betweenV the series a, b, c, and'd of justifying space-indicating numerals on the cylinder 55. The pivot pin 5l for the pointer arm 60 is rigidly secured to the arm Il and the inner end thereof projects toward the cylinder 12 to form a locking pin`14 which is adapted to be seated within any of the openings 13 and thereby lock the rotatable control eleoment C in any position of adjustment. When it is desired to adjust the element C, the operator withdraws 'the locking pin 14 from its associated opening, swings the arm 56 upwardly on downwardly to the desired position, turns the' control element C until the desired character space numeral on the cylinder 55 registers with said locking pin whereby the latter will become seated in the associated opening i3.

Means are provided for limiting the estreme upward and downward movements of the arm 5d and this means is formed by projecting the arm be' outwardly beyond the right hand edge of the upper bracket @E to thereby form a lower stop 115, the arm thence extending upwardly on the right hand side or the arm as at l@ and the free end thereof being bent inwardly as at il to form an upper stop, the lower stop 15 limiting the downward movement of the arm 56 whereby the locking pin is will register with the/openings 13 of the lower series h, and the upper stop 11 limiting the upward movement of the arm 56 wlreby the locmng pin will register with the ope ngs oi the upper series e. The connecting portion '16 serves to prevent the arm 5B from being accidentally swung too far from the right when withdrawing. the locking pin 14 from its associated opening.

It is of course to be,A understood that the details of structure and arrangement of parts may be variously changed and modied without departing from the spiritand scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprisingrthe combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement -mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitu- Qdlnal movements, andv means for eiecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar including a multiplying lever traversing the rack bar and having .a sliding pivotal connection with the rack bar intermediate 'the ends of the lever and in the line of rack bar and the other end thereof having a shiftable fulcrum connection with the main frame on the other side of the rack bar and the shorter arm of the multiplying lever being between vthe sliding pivotal connection and the pivot of the lever on the carriage.

2. A carriage, feeding mechanism for types writing machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an. escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, and means for effecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar including 4an arm pivotally connected to one end of the rack bar and extending longitudinally thereof, and a multiplying lever traversing the arm and having a sliding pivotal connection therewith, one end of the lever being pivoted on the carriage and the other end thereof being fulcrumed on the main frame.

3. A carriage feeding mechanism for tmwriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack -bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, and

meansfor effecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar including an arm pivotally connected to one end of the rack bar and extending longitudinally thereof, the outer end of the arm having a longitudinally slidable connection with the carriage, and a multiplying lever traversing the arm and having a sliding pivotal connection therewith, one end of the lever being pivoted on the carriage and the other end thereof being fulcrumed on the main frame.

4. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the Vcarriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and means for effecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar including an arm pivotally connected to one end of the rack bar and extending longitudinally thereof, and a multiplying lever traversing said arm, the lever. at one end forming upper and lower rigid arms for receiving the rack bar arm therebetween, the outer end of thelower arm being pivoted on the carriage and the upper arm having a sliding pivotal connection with said rack bar arm, the other end of the lever being fulcrumed on the main frame.

5. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements,` an escapement mechanism forvthe carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket arm rigidly connected to the main frame and extending rearwardly from one end thereof, a bracket extending laterally from the adjacent end of the `carriage, and means for e`ectingfa longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar including an arm pivotally connected to the adjacent end of the rack bar and extending-longitudinally of said rack bar and disposed above the carriage bracket, and a multiplying lever traversing -said arm, the lever at one end forming upper and lower rigid arms for receiving the rack bar arm therebetween, the outer end of the lower arm being pivoted on the carriage bracket and the iupper arm having a sliding pivotal connection with said rack bar arm, the other end of thelever being fulcrumed on the main frame bracket.

6. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a 'carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an'escapement mechanism for the carriage .including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements lrelative to the carriage, means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot pin shiftably mounted on the carriage, a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted to the rack bar and on said pivot pin, and carriage-mounted adjusting means for shifting said pivot pin towards and from the directional line of movement of the rack bar for varying the extent of longitudinal movement of the ycarriage relative to the rack bar caused by predetermined movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar.

l7. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a. rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, means for effecting a movement of the car'riage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, and means including a rack and pinion mounted on the carriage. for shifting the carriage pivot towards and from the rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack'bar.

8. A carriage, feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for .letter space movements. an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements,A means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to Jthe rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever having pivotal connections with the rack bar. and with the carriage, and means for shifting said lever longitudinally to vary the distance between said pivots and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriagerelative to the rack bar.

9. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapementmechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the carriage, and means including a rack and pinion for shifting said lever longitudinally to vary the distance between said pivots and thereby increase or decrease` the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar.

" 10. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewritl greens? l with a main Jframe. of a carriage mounted there.-

. rack bar and with the plate, and means for moving the plate and the lever to shift the carriage pivot relative to the rack bar pivot and thereby increase or decrease the .longitudinal movement v -of the carriage relative to the rack bar..

l1. A carriage feeding mechanism for' type Writing machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, means for eilecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, and means for shifting the carriage pivot towards and from the rack bar and in a line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack bar.

12. A l,carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprisingthe combination with a main frame of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanis for the carriage including a rack bar mounted ereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for effecting a movement of the lcarriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot plate slidably mounted on the carriage for movements in a line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axisI of the rack bar, and a multiplying leverv slidably fulcrumed on the main frame and having pivotal connections with the rack-bar and with the plate, and means for moving'the plate and the lever to shift the carriage pivot relative to the rack bar pivot and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar. d l

13. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of acarrlage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the. carriage including a rack barA bracket, and means mounted `on the carriage` bracket for shifting the carriage pivottowards and from the directionalline of movement of the rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack bar. .y

14. A carriage feeding mechanism for typevwriting machines comprising the `combination on i'or 'letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack barz mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket Jarm rigidly connected to the main frame and extending rearwardly from one end thereof, a bracket extending laterally from the adjacent end of the carriage? means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement .of the Llatter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame bracket and having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the carriage bracket, and means mounted on the carriage bracket for shifting the' carriage pivot towards and. from the rack \bar and in'a line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis/of -the rack bar for varying the extent of the longilt'udinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack bar. l

15. A carriage feeding mechanism for typevwriting. machines' comprising Vthe combination with a mainframe, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanismv for the carriage including arack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket arm rigidly connected to the mainframe and extending rearwardly-from one end thereof, a' bracket extending laterally from the adjacent end of the carriage, means for effecting a movement 'of the carriage relative 'to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot plate slidably mounted on the carriage bracket for movements in a straight line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar, a multiplying lever slidably fulcrumed on the main frame arm and having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the plate, and means mounted on the carriage bracket and having a rack and pinion connection with the plate for moving the plate and the lever to shift 'the carriage pivot relative to the rack bar pivot and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar. A

16. '-A carriagedfeeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon forletter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereor for relative longitudinal movements, means'v for eifecting a longitudinal -movement of the carriage relative to the rack nections with the rack bar and with the carriage, and means for shifting the carriage pivot into axial alinement with the rack bar pivot to render'said lever ineffective. f

17. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combinationwith a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longiildlnal movements, means` for leffecting a longi dinal movement of. the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space .movement of thei latter including al multiplying lever having pivotal' connections with the racl:I bar and with the carriage, and means for shifting'the carriage pivot` along a line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar and into alinement with the rack bar'pivot` to render said lever ineective.

18. Al carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar lmounted thereon forrelative longitudinal movements, means for effecting a longitudinal move- 'ment of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the carriage, and

-means including a rack and pinion for shifting movements, means for eecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever traversing the rack bar and having a pivotal connection therewith, one end of the lever being pivoted on the carriage and the other end thereof being fulcrumed on the main frame, and means for shifting said lever longitudinally to position the carriage pivot in axial alinement with the rack bar pivot to thereby render said lever ineffective.

20. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted .thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for eil'ecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever traversing the rack bar and having a pivotall connection therewith, one end oi' the lever being pivoted on the carriage andthe other end thereof lbeing fulcrumed on the main frame, and means including a rack and pinion for shifting said lever longitudinally to position the carriage pivot in axial alinement with the rack bar pivot to thereby render said lever ineifective.

`21. A carriage feeding mechanism for type-y Writing machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket arm,rigidly connected to the main frame and extending rearwardly from one end thereof, a bracket extending laterally from the adjacent end of the carriage, means for effecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space move-` ment of the latter including a pivot plate mov" ably mounted on the carriage bracket, a multiplying lever slidably fulcrumed on the main frame arm and having pivotal connections with the rack `bar and with the plate, and means including a rack and pinion connection with the plate for moving the, plate together with its pivot whereby the latter will be positioned in axial alinement with the rack bar pivot to render the lever ineective.

22. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for effecting a longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, and means for shifting the carriage pivot towards and from'the rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack bar or for shifting the carriage pivot into alinement with the rack bar pivot to render said lever ineffective.

23. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for eii'ectinga movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, and means including a rack and pinion for shifting the carriage pivot towards and from the rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to said rack bar or for shifting the carriage pivot into alinement with the rack bar pivot to render said leverA ineective.

24. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for eecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the carriage, and means for shifting said lever longitudinally to vary the distance between said pivots and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar or for shifting the carriage pivot into alinement with the rack bar pivot to render said lever ineffective.

25. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket arm rigidly connected to the main frame and extending rearwardly from one end thereof, a bracket yextending laterally from the adjacent end of the carriage, means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot plate slidably mounted on the carriage bracket for movements in a straight line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar, a multiplying lever slidably 'fulcrumed on the main frame arm and having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the plate, and means mounted on the carriage bracket and having a rack and pinion connection with the plate for moving the plate and the lever to shift the carriage pivot relative to the rack bar pivot and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar or for shifting the carriage pivot into alinement with the rack bar pivot to render said lever ineffective.

of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and 'pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, means for shiftlng the carriage pivot towards and from the rack bar for varying the extentof the longitudinal movement of the carriage-relative to said rack bar, and means for locking said carriage pivot in a shifted position.

\27. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal move? ments relative to the carriage, means for eifecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on mthecarriage, means including a rack and pinvarying the extent of the longitudinal movement ion mounted on the carriage for shifting the carriage pivot towards land from the rack bar for of the carriage relative to said rack bar, and means for locking said carriage pivot in a shifted position.

28. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted there-- on. for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, means for eiecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying levver having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with ,the carriage,4means for shifting said lever longitudinally to vary the'distance between said pivots and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar, and means vfor locking said carriage pivot in a shifted position. f

29. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letterface movements, an escapement mechanism fo the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for effecting a movement `of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot plate movably mountedvon the carriage, and a multiplying lever slidably fulcrumed onthe main frame and having pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the plate, means for moving the plate and the lever'to shift the carriage pivot relative-to the rack bar pivot and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the 'rack bar, and means for locking said carriage pivot in a shifted posimechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, means for eifectinsg a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on the main frame and pivoted on the rack bar and on the carriage, means for shifting the carriage pivot towards and from the rack bar and in a line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the -rack bar for varying the extent of the longitudinal movement of vthe carriage relative to said rack bar, and means for locking said carriage pivot in a shifted position.

31. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a. main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for'the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, a bracket arm rigidly connected to the main frame and extending rearwardly from one end thereof, a bracket extending laterally from the adjacent end of the carriage, means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the latter including a pivot vplate slidably mounted on the carriage bracket for movements in a straight line extending diagonally to the longitudinal axis of the rack bar, a multiplying lever slidably fulcrumed on the main frame arm and having` pivotal connections with the rack bar and with the plate, means mounted on the carriage bracket and having a rack and pinion connection with the plate for moving the plate and the lever to shift the carriage pivot relative to the rack'bar 4pivot and thereby increase or decrease the longitudinal movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar, and means for locking said carriage pivot in a shifted position.

32. A carriage .feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising tlie combination with a main frame, -of a carriage mounted vthereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mount- `ed Vthereon for relative longitudinal movements,

, ing machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon foi" letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever havinga lever arm between the rackfbar and the carriageanda lever arm between the rack bar and the mainframe, and means for varying the ratio of said arms including a rotary control element mounted on the carriage, said control element being provided with a circumferentialv series of spaced character space indicating numerals indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of said le er connection.

34. A carriage feeding mechanis for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, i,

and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm between the rack bar and the main frame, means for varying the ratio of said arms including a rotary control element mounted on the carriage, said control element being provided with a circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of said lever connection, and a stationary pointer mounted on the carriage .for cooperation with said numerals.

35. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for thecarriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said leverhaving a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm between the rack bar and the main frame, control means for varying the ratio of said arms, and means for locking said control means in a predetermined position of adjustment.

36. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm` between the rack bar and the main frame, means for varying the ratio of said arms including a rotary control element mounted on the carriage for adjusting said variable lever connection, said control element being provided with a circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of said lever connection, a stationary pointer mounted on the carriage for cooperation with said numerals, and cooperating means between the rotary control element and the pointer for locking said rotary control element in a predetermined position of adjustment.

3'7. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm between the rack bar and the main frame, means for varying' the ratio of said arms including a rotary control. element mounted on the carriage for adjusting said variable lever connection, said control element being provided with a circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of saidlever connection, said rotary control element being also provided with a circumferential series of openings corresponding in number and in spacing to the indieating numerals, and means mounted on the carriage for cooperation with said openings to lock 9.19am y the control element in any predetermined position of adjustment.

38. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted on the carriage for longitudinal movements relative to the carriage, means for effecting a movement of the carriage relative to the rack bar during each space movement of the e latter including a multiplying lever fulcrumed on mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said leverhaving a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm between the rack bar and the main frame, means for varying the ratio oi.' said arms including a rotary control element mounted on the carriage, said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals arranged in parallelism for dierent lengths of justified line copies, the numbers of 'said numerals differing in each series and being indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of said lever connection.

40. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage and a lever arm between the rack bar and the main frame, means for varying the ratio o1' said arms including a rotary control element mounted on the carriage for adjusting said variable lever connection, said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals arranged in parallelism for different lengths of justified line copies, the numbers of said numerals differing in each series and being indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of saidlever connection, and a pointer mounted on the carriage for movements from one series of numerals to another for cooperation with any numeral in a selected series.

41. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar, the main frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the' carriage and a lever arm between the rau: ber and the man frame. means for varyingthe ratio of said arms including a rotary" control element mounted on acter space indicatingnumerals arranged in par- Iallelism for different lengths of justified line copiessthe numbers of said numerals differing inv eachseries and being indicativeof predetermined positions of adjustment of said lever connection,

.and means i'or locking said rotary control element in a predetermined position of adjustment deiined. by a selected'numeral in any one of said series.

42. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relativelongltudinal movements, and avariable multiplying -lever connection between the" rack the main-frame, and the carriage, said lever having a lever arm between the rack bar and the carriage 'and a lever arm betweenithe rack bar and the main frame, means for varying the ratio of said arms in- `-cluding a rotary control element' mounted on the carriage for. adjusting said variable lever connection, said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series, ofspaced character space indicatingnumerals arranged in parallelism for' different' lengths of justified line copies,l the numbers of said numerals differing in each series and being indicative of predetermined positions of adjustment of said lever connection, a pointer mounted on the carriage for movements from one series of numerals to another for co4- operation with any numeral in a selected series, and cooperating means between the rotary control element and the pointer for locking the element in a predetermined position of adjustment defined by a selected numeral in any one of said series and forlocking the pointer in its adjusted position. c

' 43. A carriage feeding mechanism for type- `writing machines- `rco'mprising they combination with a main frame', of a carriage mounted thereonfor letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack barI mounted thereonefor relativeV longitudinal movements, and a variable multiplying lever connec-` tion between the racl; bar and the carriage, a control element .for .adjusting said variable lever connection mounted on the carriage for` rotation about a verticakaxis, .said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals arranged in'parallelism for different lengths of `-justiiied line copies, the numbers of said numerals differing in each series and being indicativeof predetermined positions Yoi! adjustment of saidfY lever connectiomsaid rotary control element be ing also provided with 'a circumferential series of openings disposed above the ,space indicating numerals 'and corresponding in number and in spacing to the indicating numerals. an arm pivoted on the carriage to swing about/a horizontal pivot, a pointer mounted on said arm to swing about a horizontalpivqt'for movements from one series of numerals toanother for cooperation with any numeral in any-series, and a pin xedto lsaid arm for cooperation* with an opening corresponding to the selected numeral for locking the control element in its position o f adjustment.

' copies,

44. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting4 machines comprising the combination mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a variablemultiplying lever 4connection between the rack b ar and the'- carriage, a

control element for adjusting said variable lever' connection mounted on the carriage for rotation about a vertical axis, said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals arranged in parallelism for diiierent lengths of justified line copies, the numbers of said numerals diering in each series and being positions'of adjustment of said lever connection, said rotary l with a circumferential series of openings disposed above the space indicating numerals and corresponding in number and in spacing to the indicating numerals, an arm pivoted on the carriage to swing about a horizontal pivot, a pointer mounted on said arm to swing pivot for movements from one series of numerals lto another for cooperation with any numeral in any series, stop means mounted on the carriage for limiting the swinging movement of said arm, and a pin iixed to said arm for cooperation with an opening corresponding to the selected numeral for locking the control element in its position of adjustment.

45.' A carriage feeding mechanism forA typewriting machines comprising the combination with a main frame, of a carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechani'sm for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, and a-variable multiplying lever connection between the rack bar and the carriage, a

control element for adjustingaid variable le'ver v connection" mounted on the carriage for rotation about a vertical axis, said element being provided with a plurality of circumferential series of spaced character space indicating numerals arranged in parallelism for different lengths of justified line the numbers of said numerals' differing indicative of predetermined about a horizontal y n.

control element being also provided in each' series and being indicative of predeterl mined/positions of adjustment of said leverconnection, said .rotary control element being` also provided with a-circumferential series ofopenings disposed above ,theV space indicating numerals and correspondingnn number and in spacingto the indicating numerals, an arm pivoted on the carriage to swing about a horizontal pivot, a pointermounted on said arm to swing about la Ahorizontal pivot for movements from one series of numerals to another for cooperation with any numeral in any series, an indicator plate mounted on vthe carriage in front of said series of 'openings and provided with a series of vertically spaced line" length indicia, the spaces corresponding to Ythespaces between the series of.space indicating numerals. a pointer fixed to said arm for cooperation with said indicia, and a pin iixed to said arm for cooperation with an opening corresponding to the selected numeral for locking the control element in its position of adjustment.

46. A carriage feeding mechanism for typewriting machines comprising the combination with 'a main frame, ofl a' carriage mounted thereon for letter space movements, an escapement mechanism for the carriage including a rack bar mounted thereon for relative longitudinal movements, means for efiecting a movement of the einem@ relative 'to the rack bar; and means for indicating the setting of the leven-shifting means required for eecting a desired space justification in n. line of any one of a plurality of dierent line lengths. v

GEORGE F. HANDLEY.

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