US2156975A

US2156975A - Typewriting machine

Info

Publication number: US2156975A
Application number: US135639A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ronald D Dodge
Original assignee: International Business Machines Corp
Current assignee: International Business Machines Corp
Priority date: 1937-04-08
Filing date: 1937-04-08
Publication date: 1939-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 1956-05-02
Also published as: GB496630A

Description

May 2, 1939.

VENTO ATTO R N EY May 2, 1939. R. Dv DODGE TYPEWRITING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 8, 1937 d; NVENTOR Mw/w -ATTO R NEY May 2, 1939- R. D. DODGE TYPEWRITING AMACHINE Filed April 8, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 'Y INVENTO I W QM ATTORNEY Patented May 2, 1939 TYPEWRITING MACHINE Ronald D. Dodge, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 8, 1937, Serial No. 135,639

33 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, An object of the invention is tovprovide an improved carriage feed mechanism.

An object is to provide feed mechanism which causes the carriage to be advanced a variable amount depending upon 'the widths of the characters typed. y

An object is to provide a carriage feed mechanism in which the extent of the feed imparted to the carriage as an incident to each character printed is based not only upon the width of the character printed but also upon the width of the character previously printed.

Another object is to provide carriage feed mechanism which has presettable means for controlling the feeding of the carriage for the next character printed.

Another object is to provide novel means actuated by power for causing the carriage` to b 20 fed variable extents.

There has grown in recent years a practice of printing advertising matter, booklets, catalogues and other matter by means\of plates which are prepared from typewritten copy by some suitable process of photo-engraving such as the photo olf-set process. In this process, typewritten copy is prepared and is subsequently photographed and transferred to a suitable printing plate or transfer medium such as a lithographie stone. The type characters used in typewriting machines are a compromiseA due to the fact that typewriter feed mechanisms cause the carriage to feed equal amounts for each character print-Y ed which requires that many 4of the characters, particularly those of great width must be com` lpressed in width in order to avoidexcessive spacing of the narrower letters. This spoils the effect of certain characters and makes them less legible than the others because of the fact that they are usually compressed more than is desirable to ensure a good type face. Thus, the letters M and W, for instance, which in ordinary printing are quite wide in relation to other letters, are so compressed as to lose some of their legibility and good appearance as compared with the same characters in well designed fonts of type used in printing from printers type. l

In order that the typewritten copy used in preparing plates by any of the processes commonly practiced at present may have the good appearance and legibility of printed matter prepared from well designed printers type, it is desirable that the type characters printed by the typewriter have the saine proportions and be of .the same style as those used in ordinary printers (o1. 19V-s4) fonts of type or the type slugs cast by the matrices used in type founding machines such as the linotype and intertype. However, if standard printers type faces are used in typewriting machines, some of the letters like the 5 letter I, for instance, are much narrower and others, like the letters M and W, are much wider than the space ordinarily allotted to each character in designing the spacing mechanisms of typewriting machines. Thus, if an ordinary typewriter is equipped with types having faces of standard design, the letter I and other narrow characters will receive an excessive spacing since the spacing allotted to each character must be large enough to accommodate the widest char-i acter printed. In order to get the same visual effect with typewritten matter as with type-set matter, it is desirable that the feeding of the typewriter carriage be varied in accordance with the width of the letter both for reasons of compactness and to improve the appearance of the copy.

The present invention aims to provide spacing mechanism suitable for use in typewriting machines which permits the use of standard type faces by varying the extent of feed of the carriage according to the widths of the characters printed whereby they may be set as close together as possible and yet be as legible as type set matter printed from well designed type.

'I'his introduces a somewhat difficult problem owing to the fact that it is standard practice to mount the types on the type bars so that the characters on the type bars will be centered with respect to the type guide. It is desirable, therefore, in order to avoid introducing new techniques in y'aligning the types and to avoid .fthe use of special types as far as possible, that the spacing mechanism operate for each character typed in accordance with both the width of that character and the width of the letter previously typed.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for controlling the spacing of each character in accordance with the amount of spacing of the character immediately preceding.

Various other objects, advantages, features of the present invention will be particularly pointed out in the following description and claims and will .be apparent from a study of the descriptive claims and the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig.`1 is a vertical section through the machine;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the carriage feed mechanism and portions of the keyboard;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged rear elevation of the vcarriage feed mechanism;

Fig. 3A is a section on .the line 3A-3A in Fig. 3;

Fig. l is a vertical section on the line 4-4 in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of a single lobe cam.

The present invention, purely for convenience in description, has been illustrated in the drawings as applied tothe well known International electric writing machine formerly known as Electromatic. However, it is not limited in its application to the specific form of power operated typewriter, but may be applied particularly regardless of to other typewriters as well, Whether they are power operated or manually operated. It is not desired to be limited, therefore, to the speciilc type of machine selected for purposes of illustration. The typewriting machine has been changed in relatively few particulars since the object of the present invention is primarily to provide variable spacing mechanism and in all respects except the construction of the spacing mechanism and certain changes in the keyboard, the machine may be identical with the standard commercial machine, now well known in the art. Since the machine is well known in the art only a brief general description of its construction will be given herein.

The carriage is generally designated I in Fig. 1

and supports the' usual platen 2 mounted by means of antifriction rollers on the rails 3 which are supported by the main frame of the machine. The type basket is generally designated 4 and has the usual type bars 5 pivoted in the segment 6. Associated with each type bar is a toggle 1, one member of which is connected by a link 8 to a sub-lever 9 pivoted on rod I0. Each sub-lever 9 is connected by a link I I to a cam unit I2 which cooperates with a power roller I3. 'I'he power roller I3 rotates constantly in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 1). Y

Normally double lobe cam units are used to operate the type bars of International electric writing machine but, for reasons which will be explained hereinafter, the type bars in the present case are operated by single lobe cams similar to the one shown in Fig. 5. The cam unit I2 has a dwell l4a of approximately 180 followed by a rise I4b. Each cam unit associated with a type bar is controlled by akey lever I5 pivoted on a rod III which also serves for a pivot for the sub-levers 9. Whenever one of the key levers I5 is depressed, the cam. I4 is caused to rotate slightly until it engages the power', roller I3 which thereafter turns the cam in the proper direction. During the first half revolution of the cam I4 by the power roller I3 the cam unit remains dormant, however, when the rise I 4b cooperates with the power roller, the cam unit is rocked to draw down the proper link I-I and cause the type bar to be operated in the well known manner. So far as the operation of the single lobe cam unit is\concerned this is well known and described in the Patent No. 1,753,450.

Normally, the movement of the type bar to printing position operates escapement mechanism which causes the carriage I to be spaced one unit for each impression, this spacing operation of the carriage taking place after the impression has been made and is effected in consequence of the type 'bar striking a universal bar. In the present machine, the spacing is effected est space.

before the type bar commences to move to the' printing position and is varied according to the character printed by the type bar selected. Pivotally mounted underneath 4all the key levers I5 are three rhails designated I8,v I9, and 28 (Figs. l and 2). Secured to each key I5 isa plate I5a having a downwardly extending lug I5b cooperating with one of the bails I8, I9, and 20 whereby when'a key is operated, it will cause one of the bails I8, I9, or 20 to beconie depressed.

The three bails cause different increments of spacing, the bail I8 controlling the greatest amount of spacing while the bail 28 controls the `feed thecarriage the smallest space, while lwhen bail I8 is depressed, the carriage is fed the great- The plates I 5a are so mounted on the keys for narrow letters like i, for instance, and the numeral l operate bail 20 whereby these characters are spaced a relatively smaller amount than the wider letters like m and w, for instance,l

the keys for which operate bail I8, these repre-r y senting the extremes of spacing. The bulk of the keys |5 operate the bail I9 which controls the spacing mechanism for the spacing of letters like A and S.

Near the left hand side of the machine, the bails I8, I9, and 20 (see Fig. 2) have link connections with

levers

2I, 22, and 23, respectively,

which are pivotally mounted on the rod I0 and are similar in shape to the key levers I5 but do not have key caps. These

levers

2I, 22, and 23 control double lobe cam units I2a similar to those normally used to operate the type bars of the International electric writing machine. Each of these cam units I2a has a link connection 24 with one of

threebails

25, 26, and 21 pivotally mounted on rod I 0 and provided with rubber buffers 28 cooperating with the underside of the frame member 29 supporting the rod I0.

'Ihe bails 25, 26, and 21 are connected by links 30 with three

bell cranks

3I, 32, and 33 pivoted at 34 in slots formed in a block 35. Each of the bell cranks 3|, 32, 33 has an arm provided with upwardly extending lugs` designated 3Ia, 32a, and 33a, respectively, in Fig. 2 and is provided with a restoring spring 36 anchored to a pin carried by the framework. Also loosely pivoted upon the stud 34 carried by block 35 is an arm 31 which is engaged by all the lugs 3I`a, 32a, and 33a whereby the arm 31 is rocked clockwise whenever any of the bell cranks 3|, 32, 33 vis rocked clockwise. A'third bell crank 38 is pivoted on the stud 34 and has a link connection 39 with a bell crank 40 pivoted upon the rod Il! and provided with a rubber cushion 28. 'I'his bell crank 4I! is operated by a double lobe cam unit like I2a which is controlled by the leve 4I associated with the space bar 42.

Pivotally mounted upon the stud 34 (Fig. '3)

are two

arms

43 and 44 which are connected by mally holds the rollers 5I in contact with the is cqnnected by a link ss with a lever which is rotatably mounted on shaft 55. The bell crank 38 is connected by a link 58 with a two-armed lever 59 also rotatably mounted on shaft 55. The shaft 55 as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 is mounted upon anti-friction bearings 60 and 6I carried by the frame 50.

Secured to the shaft 55 (Figs. l, 2, and 4) isa spiral pinion 62 which meshes with a rack 63 secured to the underside of the carriage I. Mounted on the rear end of shaft 55 is a ratchet wheel 64 having relatively fine teeth and keyed to the shaft 55 by means of a pin 65 which enages diametrically opposite slots formed in the hub of the ratchet. 'I'he arm 54, bell crank 59 and lever 51 are separated by ball thrust bearings comprising disks 61 having holes loosely retaining the balls 68, a plain disk 69 holding these parts in place on a shoulder 55a formed in the rear end of shaft 55, the rear end of shaft 55 being threaded and provided with nuts 5517 holding disk 69 on shaft 55.

The bell crank 59 has pivotally mounted thereon a pawl (Fig. 3) actuated into engagement with the ratchet 64 by means of a spring 1|. When the space bar 42 is depressed its cam unit 12a is caused to operate, drawing link 39 to the right in Fig. 2 to rock bell crank 38 counterclockwise. This causes link 58 to be pulled downwardly to the right in Fig. 3 thereby rocking bell crank 59 in a clockwise direction. This causes ratchet 64 to be rotated a predetermined extent limited by means of a stop screw 12 carried by a lug formed in the frame 58.

Before proceeding further with the description it is desired to explain how the increments of lspacing are distributed on a unit basis. In order to allow for the appropriate spacing of the printed characters, provision has been made for a maximum at six increments of spacing each of the order of .025. The narrow characters like I, the numeral 1, most punctuation marks, are spaced two units. 'I'he letters of medium width, like A, S, and N, are assigned four units of spacing, while the widest letters like M- and W are assigned six units of spacing. However, this will be explained more fully hereinafter.

Each letter receives not only half the number of units of spacing assigned to it, but also receives an additional spacing which is equal to half of the width of the letter previously typed. 'I'he teeth on the ratchet 64 are so spaced that moving the ratchet one tooth space causes the carriage to be moved one unit of spacing or .025". The stop 12 and the linkage operating the bell crank 59 are so designed that the ratchet wheel 64 is rotated two tooth spaces whereby the carriage isf fed four units of.l spacingeach time the space bar 42 is operated, this spacing being adopted for words. The spacing of the carriage for the letters is effected by means of the lever 51 and the movements of this lever are controlled both by the

cams

41 and 48 and by additional mechanism hereinafter to be described which is pre-set according to the width of each letter type to govern the spacing of the next letter.

Pivotally mounted on the upper end of lever 51 is a pawl 13 (Fig. 3) which is actuated into engagement with the ratchet 64 by means of a spring 14. Whenever a character key is depressed, the appropriate bail I8, 19, or 20 is depressed thereby drawing down one of the levers 2I,. 22, 23 and causing one of the double lobe cams 12a to operate the

corresponding bail

25, 26, 21 in a clockwise direction through the medium of links 24. This causes one of the links `3l) to be drawn to the right in Figs. l and 2 therebyrocking one of the levers 3|, 32, 33 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2). By the cooperation of the

lugs

31a, 32a, 33a with lever 31, the latter is also rocked counterclockwise, drawing the link 56 to the right (Fig. 3). This causes the lever 51 to rock in a clockwise direction thereby rotating the ratchet wheel 64 by means of pawl 13. The extent'to which the ratchet 64 is rotated is dependent upon the position of the cams 411 48, these cams being normally in the position shown in Fig.3.

The ratchet 64 will be permitted to rotate six spaces with the parts in the position of Fig. 3 owing to the cooperation of the end of pawl 13 with a pin 15 carried by the arm 54. When the cam 48 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the link 52 is caused to move upwardly and tothe left whereby the pin 15 is moved toward the pawl 13. Thus, if

levers

31 and 32 are operated together, the ratchet wheel 64 will only be rotated flve tooth spaces. On the other hand, if arm 31 and bell crank 33 are operated together, the cam 41 will be rotated in, a clockwise direction and move the link upwardly to an extent to conflnethe` rotation-of ratchet 64 to four units of spacing. The foregoing explanation is based on the assumption that lever 51 always starts from the position of Fig. 3.

The lugs 3Ia, 32a and 33a. are suitably cut away whereby bell crank 3| operates only the arm 31; bell crank 32 operates the arm 43 and arm 31, while the bell crank 33 operates both the arm 31 and arm 44. In other words, arm 31 is invariably operated by bell cranks 3|, 32, 33 whereas

arms

43 and 44 are operated only when characters requiring the medium and the smallest spacings are to be printed, lever31 operating alone only when the widest letters are to be printed. The lever 51 is returned to the position of Fig. 3 by means of a spring 16 anchored to a pin carried by the frame 50 and to a stud 11 in lever 51. The return movement of lever 51 is governed by the extent of movement irr'ipted to the ratchet' 64 under control of cams Pivotally mounted on a stud 18 is a lever 19 having a bent over lug 19a engaging a stop screw 80 carried by a lug formed in the frame 50. A spring 8l is'anchored to the arm 19 and to a pin carried by frame 50 tending to rock the lever clockwise into engagement with the stop screw 80. The le'yer 51 has an arm 51a carrying a roller 82 adapted to engage a lug 191) formed in the lever 19. Pivotally mounted on the upper end of lever. 19 is a lever 83 provided with three notches 83a, 83h, 83e on different levels. pawl 84 is pivotally mounted on the upper end of.

lever 51 and has a bent over lug 84a adapted to engage notches 83a, 83h, 83e. A spring 85 tends to rock the pawl 84 in a clockwise direction limited by the stud 11.

The left hand end ofthe lever s3 is guided by means of a strap 86 secured to the rear face of an elongated boss formed in the frame 50. The strap 86 is spaced from said boss by means 'of collars 81 whereby the lever 83 has a limited amount of rocking movement upon lever 19. A spring 88, connected to the left hand end ci lever 83 and to a pin carried by frame 50, tends to rock the lever 83 in a counter-clockwise direction. The lever 83 is also provided with two

notches

83d and 83e with which cooperates a latch pawl 89 iivoted on -fa stud 98. A spring 9| attached by the spring 16 is dependent upon the position of the

levers

19, 83. With the lug 84a,.a pawl 84 located in the notch 83a of member 83, the spring 18 can retract the lever 51 to the fullest extent equivalent to six units of spacing of the carriage, assuming neither of

cams

41, 48 were operated. With lug 84a in the notch 83h, the restoring movement is equivalent to iive units of spacing, while the notch 83o is so located as to limit the restoring of lever 51 to four units of spacing.

Each time the bell cranks 3|, 32, 33 are operated to rock the lever 51 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 3), the roller 82 on the arm 51a of lever 51 engages the lug 19h and may rock said lever an amount dependent upon the amount of clockwise rotation imparted to the lever 51. For instance, if the letter M is typed, bell crank 31 alone is operated and lever 51 moves in a clockwise direction from the position of Fig. 3 an amount equivalent to six units of spacing. This causes lever 51 to rock lever 19 in a counterclockwise direction moving lever 83 to the left far enough to cause pawl 89 to enter notch 83e. 0n the other hand, when lever 51 is rotated in a clockwise direction as a consequence of the depression of one of the keys associated with the letters of intermediate width, like A or S, lever 19 is rocked far enough in a counterclockwise direction to cause the pawl 89 to cooperate with notch 83d to hold lever 83 in an intermediate position. Lever 51.

momentarily by the engagement of pawl 89 with one or the other of

notches

83d, 83e. This positions the member 83 so that on the return movement of the lever 51 pawl 84 may enter one of the three notches 83a, r8317, 83e and thereafter the tension of spring 18 will rock member 83 in a clockwise directiony disengaging said, member from the pawl 89. This permits spring 8| to restore lever 19 to the positionof Fig. 3.

Each time the lever 51 is rocked in a clockwise direction vthe spring 85 rotates the pawl 84 clock" wise so as to move the lug 84a to a point in an arc having shaft 55 for a center and of radius equal to the radial distance between the center of shaft 55'and the bottom of notch 83o. This position of lug 84a is determined by stud 11. In other.

words, with the parts as in the initial position shown in Fig. 3, lug 84a will enter notch 83e during the last portion of the restoring movement of lever 51. `With lever 83 displaced to the left only far enough to cause pawl 89 to engage notch 83d,

, lug 84a will enter notch 83h, while lug 84a will -member 83 is set differentially each time the spacing mechanism is operated in accordance with the width of the character printed whereby the spacing of subsequently printed 'characters is dependent not only upon their own width but also upon the width of the previous characters typed. Let it be assumed, for example, that the parts initially have the position shown in Fig. 3, which is the position taken by the parts after a wide letter like M has been typed, calling for the maximum spacing with respect to that character, and that it is now desired to type the letter I calling for the minimum spacing so far as that letter is concerned. When the I key is depressed, the cam unit |2a associated therewith operates the bell crank 33 and also the arm 31 simultaneously. This causes the cam 41 to. move to a position to limit the clockwise movement of lever 51 to the minimum amount so far as control by the

cams

41, 48 is concerned. Since lever 51 is as far as it can go in a counterclockwise direction, it will be moved in a clockwise direction three units as a consequence of its initial position andone additional unit as a consequence of the control exercised by cam 41. Thus, four units of spacing will be imparted to the carriage. This corresponds to .100". In other words, the

' carriage is moved three units which is half the width of the letter M plus one unit or half the Width of the letter I.

If the A key, for example, had been operated, the cam 48 would have been operated and would cause the lever 5,1 to move one unit further giving five units of spacing to the carriage. If the letter W were typed, neither of the

cams

41, 48 would be operated and the lever 51 would be moved the maximum possible amount causing six units of spacing to be imparted to the carriage.

After each of the above key operations, the lever 19 and member 83 are moved to position the lug 84a in different ones of the notches 83a, 83h,

83e. In the case of the I key, member 83 willnot be moved whereby, when the pawl 84 returnsas a consequence of the restoration of lever 51, it will enter the notch 83e thereby limiting the return movement of lever 51 to the minimum extent. In thelcase of the A key, the roller 82 will move lever 19 and member 83 to the intermediate position with pawl 89 cooperating with the notch 83d whereby, on the return movement of pawl 84, it will enter the notch 83h before disengaging lever 83 from pawl 89. In a similar fashion, the lug 84a enters the notch 83a when the w key is depressed, pawl 89 cooperating, yin this case, with notch 83e. When the space bar is operated, lever 51 remains inactive and the ratchet 64 is spaced an invariable amount equal to four units of spacing.

Reverse rotation of ratchet 64 is prevented by .a pawl 93 (Fig. 3) actuated into engagement with ratchet 64 by a spring 94.

The bearings 68, 8| are adjustably mounted in frame 50. 'I'he inner ball race of the front bearing 8l abuts a shoulder formed in shaft 55 and is loosely mounted in a bore vin frame 50. This bore is closed by a threaded plug 95 which may be turneztop'ermit moving the bearing and hence shaft 55 longitudinally. The plug 95 is slotted as shown in Fig. 2, and is provided with a screw 96 to lock the plug in its adjusted position.

The rear bearing 68 is similarly mounted on a shoulder on shaft 55 and loosein a bore in the rear portion of frame 5D. A threaded bushing 91 is screwed into the rear end of the bore housing bearing Wand has a slot 91a into which pr jects a tongue 98a formed in a ring 98 loose on bushing `9'1. The ring 98 is notched at'regular intervals to enable the ring and hence bushing 91 to be turned with a spann-er to adjust the bearing 60 longitudinally of the bore. A clip 99 has a tongue engaged in one of the notches inring .98 to lock the ring and is secured by means of a screw |00 to the frame 50. The screw |00 must be loosened sufficiently to disengage the tongue of clip 90 from the notch in ring 98 before the latter can be turned.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single embodiment it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a typewriting machine, typing means, keys for selectively controlling the operation of the typing means, a platen, a carriage on which the platen is mounted, feeding means for the carriage including a ratchet wheel, means controlled by the keys for variably rotating said ratchet according to the widths of characters typed under control of the keys, a device for further controlling the rotation of the ratchet in accordance with the width of a letter previously typed, and means controlled by the keys for setting said device in accordance with the width of each character typed.

2. In a typewriting machine, a platen, a carriage for supporting the platen, typing means cooperating with the platen, keys for selectively controlling the typing means. letter feed mechanism for the carriage, means controlled by said keys for variably controlling the feeding mechanism in accordance with the widths of the characters typed, a device settable in accordance with the width of each character typed and operative to further control the amount the carriage is fed,

and means controlled by the keys for setting said 'typing means for typing upon a work sheet, carriage feed mechanism, selective means for controlling the typing means, means controlled by the selective means for causing the feed mechanism to advance the carriage an extent dependent upon the width of each character typed, and supplemental means for further controlling the extent of movement of the carriage in accordance with the width of a character typed including a device presettable in accordance with the width of each character typed to condition the feed mechanism for the nextl typing operation.

5. Feed mechanism for the carriages of typewriting machines comprising a feed ratchet, a pawl for rotating said ratchet, rockable means to support said pawhmeans to variably control the movement of the pawl in one direction and presettable means set by movement of the rockable means to control the movement of the pawl in the opposite direction whereby to cause the ratchet to be rotated a variable extent.

6. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, a carriage feed rack, a pinion engaging 'said rack, a ratchet wheel for rotating said pinion, an arm pivotally mounted adjacent said ratchet, a pawl mounted on said arm and engageable with said ratchet, means to rotate said arm to cause the pawl to rotate the ratchet and hence feed the carriage through said pinion, selective means to limit the forward movement of said pawl, and presettable means controlled by said arm for limiting the return movement of said pawl whereby to govern the extent of movement imparted to the ratchet by said pawl.

'7. In feed mechanism for typewriters, a feed ratchet, a feed pawl engageable with said ratchet, means to variably move the pawl in one direction and presettable means controlled by the rstnamed means for variably selectively controlling the extent of the restoring movement of the pawl.

8. In feed mechanism for typewriter carriages, a carriage feed ratchet, a pawl engageable with said ratchet, means to operate the pawl in a forward direction to rotate the ratchet, selective means to limit the movement of the pawl `in a forward direction, additional presettable means for limiting movement of the pawl in the reverse direction including a member settable to a plurality of positions and cooperating with the pawl to control its reverse movement, and means whereby the operating means sets said member according to the extent of forward movement of the pawl. l

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage for supporting a work sheet, typing means for typing upon the work sheet, means for selectively controlling the operation of .the typing means, a carriage feed ratchet, a pawl engaging said ratchet, a rockable arm on which said pawl is mounted, means for operating said arm in a forward direction as an incident to each typing operation, a plurality of devices selectively controlled by the selective means for limiting the forward movement of said pawl in accordance with thel width of a character' typed, means to restore the pawl, a member settable variable extents for variably arresting the pawl in its restoring movements, and means for setting said member in accordance with the extent of forward movement of the pawl.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, typing means, selective means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a rotatable member having a connection to-the carriage for feeding the carriage, presettable means for controlling the movement of said member in one direction, and means controlled by the selecting means for setting the presettable means in accordance with the width of each character typed including means controlled by the selecting means for limiting the movement of the rotatable-member in the other direction in accordance with the width of a character typed.

ll. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, typing means, `selecting means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a feed rack connected to the carriage, a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a ratchet for rotating said pinion to thereby feed the carriage, a rock arm, a pawl carried by said rock arm and engaging said ratchet, presettable means to limit rotation of the rock arm in one direction, selectively settable means for limiting movement of the rock arm in the other direction, and means controlled by the selecting means for operating both the preselecting means and the limiting means.

12. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, typing means, selecting means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a carriage feed ratchet having a driving connection to the carriage to feed the carriage when the ratchet is rotated, a rock arm, a. pawl carried by the rock arm and engaging the ratchet whereby when said arm is rocked the ratchet will rotate, a differentially movable lever operative to variably control movement of the rock arm in one direction, means controlled by the selecting means for limiting movement of the rock arm in .the opposite direction, said rock arm being operative to set the differentially settable lever in accordance with the extent of movement of the rock arm as limited by the limiting means, and means controlled by the selecting means for operating both the limiting means and the rock arm.

13. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, typing means, selecting means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a rotatable member having connections to feed the carriage when said member is rotated, a variably movable member, means whereby the variably movable member rotates the rotatable member, presettable means to variably limit the movement of said member in one direction, selectively operable means for limiting movement of said member in the opposite direction, said member having means to set the pre'settable means, and means controlled by the selecting means for operating said member and selectively operable means.

14. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, typing means, selective means for controlling the operation of the typing means, power means for operating the typing means under control of the selective means, means for feeding the carriage variable extents according to the width of each character typed including a member operated as an incident to each typing operation, selectively settable means for governing the operation of vsaid member in one direction, variably settable means for governing the operation of said member in the other direction,

and power means controlled by the selective means for operating both variably settable means and the selectively settable means.

15. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, typing means, means to selectively control the operation of the typing means, a carriage feed rack, a pinion engaging said rack, a ratchet for rotating said pinion, a lever mounted coaxially with said ratchet, a pawl on said lever engageable with said ratchet, a plurality of cams selectively ,operable to limit movement of said lever in one direction to rotate said ratchet, a second lever having a series of stop portions on different levels, means on the first lever to cooperate with the stop portions on the second lever to limit movement of the iirst lever in the opposite direction, said second lever lbeing dinerentially settable by said first lever in accordance with the extent of movement of said iirst lever as determined by said cams, and means controlled by the selective means for selectively operating both the cams and the rst lever.

16. In combination with a carriage for a typewriting machine, typing means, selective means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a carriage feed ratchet, means to connect said ratchet to the carriage whereby the rotation of the ratchet feeds the carriage, a rock lever mounted adjacent said ratchet a pawl on said rock lever engaging said ratchet, selectively operable cam means for limiting the rotation of said rock lever in one direction, a stop lever movably mounted so asto be selectively settable to any one of a plurality of positions and provided with stop portions cooperating. with said rock lever to variably limit its movement in the opposite direction, said rock lever having means to position the stop lever in accordance with the movement of said rock lever as delimited by the cam means,

and power means controlled by" said selective means for operating the lever and selectively operating the cam means.

17. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, typing means, keys for controlling the typing means, a plurality of selecting bails cooperating with said keys, means whereby each key operates one of said bails; means to feed the carriage variable extents according to the key operated comprising a carriage feed ratchet, a movable member, a pawl on said member cooperatingwith the ratchet to rotate same, a stop lever variably settable by said movable member for determining the extent of movement of said member in one direction, and selectively operable cam means forl determining the extent of movement of said member in the opposite direction; ,and power means controlled by said bailsfor selectively operating the cam means and operating`x said movable member.k

18. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, typing means, power means for operating the typing means, keys for controlling the operation ofthe typing means by the power means, a series of control members selectively operated by the keys; means for feeding the carriage including a feed pinion and a rack meshing therewith, ratchet and pawl means for rotating said pinion to feed the carriage, presettable means for limiting the movement of the ratchet andv pawl means in one direction, selectively settable means for limiting the movement of said pawl in the opposite direction, means whereby the ratchet and pawl means variably sets the presettable means in accordance with the extent of movement of the ratchet and pawl means permitted by the limiting means, and power means controlled by said control members for operating the ratchet and pawl means and selectively controlling the limiting means.

19. In a variable feed mechanism for the carriages of typewriting machines, a rotatable element operatively connected with the carriage whereby rotation of the element feeds the carriage, means rotatably mounted adjacent the y,

rotatable element and having means to couple the rotatable means and rotatable element together whereby movement of the rotatable means in one direction rotates the rotatable element, means to variably selectively 'determine the extent of rotation of the rotatable element tent of feed imparted to the carriage upon a subsequent operation of the feeding mechanism.

20. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, typing means, means to selectively control the operation of the typing means; a carriage feed ratchet, a lever mounted coaxially with said ratchet, a pawl on said lever engageable with said ratchet, a plurality of cams selectively rotatable to determine the extent of movement of said lever in one direction to rotate said ratchet, a second lever, one of said levers having a series of stop portions on different levelsmeans on the other lever to cooperate with any one of the stop portions to limit movement of the first lever in the opposite direction, said second lever being differentially settable by said first lever to render one of the stop portions effective in accordance with the extent of movement of said first lever as determined by said cams, and means controlled by the selective means for selectively rotating the cams.

21. In a typewrting machine, typing means, keys for selectively controlling the operation of the typing means, a platen, a. carriage on which the platen is mounted, feeding means for the carriage including a rotatable element, means controlled by the keys for variably rotating said element according to the widths of characters typed under control of the keys, a device for further controlling the rotation of said element :in accordance with the width of a letter previously typed, and means controlled by the keys for Variably selectively setting said device in accordance with the width of each character typed.

22. In a typewrting machine, a platen, a carriage for supporting the platen, typing mans cooperating with the platen, means for selectively controlling the typing means, letter feed mechanism for the carriage, means controlled by said selective controlling means for variably controlling the feeding mechanism in accordance with the widths of the characters typed, a device settable in accordance with the width of each character typed and operative to further control the amount the carriage is fed, and means controlled by the selective controlling means for setting said device according to the width of the character typed.

23. In a typewrting machine, a carriage, mechanism for typing upon a work sheet, means for selectively controlling typing mechanism, carriage feed mechanism including a device presettable in accordance with the width of a character typed, said device when set being operative to controlthe feed of the carriage when the next character is typed, and means controlled by the first named means for setting said device as a preliminary to the next typing operation.

24. In a typewrting machine, a carriage and typing means for typing upon a work sheet, carriage feed mechanism, keys for controlling the typing means, means controlled by the keys for causing the feed mechanism to advance the carriage an extent proportional to the Width of each character typed, and supplemental means for further controlling the extent of movement of the carriage in accordance with the width of a character typed, including a device presettable in proportion to the width of each character typed to condition the feed mechanism for the next typing operation.-

25. Feed mechanism for the carriages of typewriting machines comprising a rotatable element, means for rotating said element, means to variably rotate said element in one direction and presettable means controlled by the rotating means to control the movement of said element in the opposite direction whereby to cause the rotatable element to be rotated a variable extent.A

26. In combination with the carriage of a type- Writing machine, a carriage feed ratchet, an arm pivotally mounted adjacent said ratchet, a pawl mounted on` said arm and engageable with said ratchet, means to rotate said arm to cause the pawl to actuate the ratchet and hence feed the carriage, selective means to limit the forward movement of said pawl, and presettable means actuated by said armfor limiting the return movement of said pawl whereby to govern the extent of movement imparted to the ratchet by said pawl.

27. In feed mechanismA for typewriter carriages,

`a carriage feed ratchet, a pawl engageable with said ratchet, means" to operate the pawl in a forward direction to actuate the ratchet, means to restore the pawlselective means to limit the restoring movement of the pawl, including a stop member selectively settable to a plurality of positions and cooperating with the pawl to control its reverse movement, and means whereby the operating means selectively sets said member according to the extent of forward movement of the pawl.

28. In a typewrting machine, the combination of a carriage for supporting a work sheet, typing means for typing upon the work sheet, means for selectively controlling the operation of the typing means, a carriage feed ratchet, a pawl engaging said ratchet, a movable member on which said pawl is mounted, means for operating said .movable member in a forward direction as an incident to each typing operation, a plurality of devices selectivelycontrolled by the selective means for limiting the forward movement of said movable member in accordance with the width of a character typed, means to restore the movable member, a stop member settable variable extents for varlably arresting the movable member in its restoring movements, and means for setting said stop member in accordance with the extent of forward movement of the movable member.

29. In a typewrting machine, the combination with a carriage, typing means, selective means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a rotatable member having a connection to the carriage for feeding the carriage, presettable stop means for controlling the movement of said member in one direction, and means controlled by the selecting means for setting the presettable means in accordance with the Width of each character typed including selective stop means, means controlled by the selecting means for limiting the movement of the rotatable member in the other direction in accordance with the width of a character typed.

30. In a typewrting machine, a carriage, typing means, selecting means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a feed rack connected to the carriage, a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a ratchet for rotating said pinion to thereby feed thecarriage, a rock arm, a pawl carried by said rock arm and engaging said ratchet, a differentially settable stop member for limiting rotation of the rock arm in one direction, selectively settable means for limiting movement of the rock arm in the other direction, and means controlled by the selecting means for setting both the preselecting means and the limiting means. 70

riage to feed the carriage when the ratchet is 75 means, and means controlled by the selecting means for operating both the limiting means and the rock arm.

32. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, typing means, selecting means for controlling the operation of the typing means, a rotatable member having connections to feed the carriage when said member is rotated, a variably movable member, coupling means whereby the variably movable member rotates the rotatable member in one direction only, diierentially presettable stop means to variably limit the movement of said member in one direction, selectively operable stop means for limiting movement of said member in the opposite direction, said member having means to dierent'ially set the presettable means, and means controlled by the selecting means for operating said member and selectively operable means.

33.v In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, typing means, selective means for controlling the operation of the typing means, power means for operating the typing means under control of the selective means, means for feeding the carriage variable extents according to lthe width of each character typed including a variably movable member operated as an incident to each typing operation, selectively settable means for variably controlling the movement of said member in one direction, diierentially settable means for governing the movement of said member in the other direction, and power means controlled by the selective means for operating both the differentially settable means and the selectively settable means.

RONALD D. DODGE.