US2191605A - Refrigerating plant comprising piston operated compressor - Google Patents

Refrigerating plant comprising piston operated compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2191605A
US2191605A US200232A US20023238A US2191605A US 2191605 A US2191605 A US 2191605A US 200232 A US200232 A US 200232A US 20023238 A US20023238 A US 20023238A US 2191605 A US2191605 A US 2191605A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
compressor
motor
pressure
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US200232A
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English (en)
Inventor
Zehnder Otto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zehnder Group AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Zehnder AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Zehnder AG filed Critical Gebrueder Zehnder AG
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Publication of US2191605A publication Critical patent/US2191605A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/02—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of reciprocating-piston type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18088—Rack and pinion type
    • Y10T74/18128—Clutchable gears

Definitions

  • This invention I relates to refrigerating plants comprising reciprocating piston type compressors.
  • an electric motor drivingly connected with the refrigerant compressor by means 'of a belt drive is automatically connected with. or disconnected from 'a source of current asrequired by means of a relay or a thermostatic regulator, for the purpose of maintaining a predetermined :temperature in the refrigerator.
  • the electric motor When the electric motor is con-'- nected, the refrigerant gas is compressed in the compressor and displaced into the condenser wherein it is condensed while emitting heat.
  • the present invention is concerned with a refrigerating plant comprising a piston type compressor the suction stroke of which is effected by the pressure of the refrigerant gas entering the compressor, whilst the compression stroke of the compressor is effected by electric; energy which is automatically controlled by switch means.
  • the abovementioned drawbacks are eliminated in that, for the purpose of effecting the pressure stroke, -a plunger operated device cooperating with the compressor piston is automatically locked, when vthe'pressure of the refrigerant gas in the slic 4 tion conduit, is relatively low, and is automatically released, when the pressure of the refrigerant gas in the suction conduit attains a pre- 35 determined higher value, the shaft of an electric motor being rotated during the suction stroke by means of the piston rod, while the energising circult of the motor is interrupted and the energising circuit of the motor being closed while thepiston -moves through the respective end portion of stroke.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a compressor
  • Fig. 2 is a larger scale section of a detail of the compressor
  • Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, taken at right angles to the plane of Fig. 1 and including the electric motor and parts of a toothed gearing;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line'IV-IV of Fig. 1 on a larger scale.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken at right angles to the plane of Fig. 4 showing a gear wheel provided with a one-way clutch, and
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views for explaining the In Fig. 1, the numeral I designates the condenser containing liquid ammonia, -.a lower conduit 2 leading-from the condenser to a temperature regulating device 3 which communicates with an evaporator 4 the other end of which is connected with the upper end of a. cylinder 5 forming part of a refrigerant compressor. The upper end of the cylinder 5 is further connected with the upper end of the condenser I through a conoperation of individual movable parts.
  • the cylinder 5 is provided with acom- .pressor piston I which, under certain conditions of operation, moves up and down and which is provided with a packing ring 8 (Fig, 2) serving for the removal of oil and with an apron 9 consisting of a hygroscopic material, such as felt.
  • a collar I consisting of a material resistant to oil, for example, a special rubber material, is arranged on the piston I as well as a headpiece ll which is situated inside of the collar so that, on the one hand, the lost space is accordingly reduced and, on the other hand, an open annular space I2 is formed within the collar (Fig. 2) which is filled with a special oil.
  • a further packing ring l3 for oil removal is arranged, for the purpose, of preven oil leakage in the direction towards the cylin er head, that is, towards the pressure side for the vapor.
  • piston I dips each time, when moving downwards, into an oil supply I4 present in the closed lower end of the cylinder 5, thereby absorbing oil for lubricating the cylinder 5.
  • the lower packing ring 8 on the compressor piston I also prevents the passage of an excess of oil. Owing to the oil within the cylinder having the tendency to flow downwardly to the most part, the supply of oil .tively (Fig. 2).
  • valve disks l5, II are correlated to the port openings of the connecting conduits to. the evaporator 4 and the condenser l respec-
  • the two valve disks l5, H are displaceably arranged in associated recesses in the upper head of the cylinder 5, so that the disks can open and close in response to correspondingpressure influences.
  • the valve seats l5a,, Ila, which consist of rubber, ensure that the respectlve port openings are tightly sealed against leakage of ammonia.
  • a rack l9 which forms an extension of this rod and is provided with oppositely disposed toothed portions 29, 2
  • the pinion 22 is arranged on a shaft 24 with which it is connected by a one-way clutch 25 (Figs, 4, 5) so as to be driven by this shaft in one direction of rotation only, namely while the compressor piston I moves downwardly; thus by means of the rack l9.
  • the pinion 23 is freely revolnbly arranged on a shaft 25 (Fig. 4).
  • the hub 23' of the pinion 23 provides one portion of a claw clutch and can be moved into engagement with a second portion 21 of this clutch which rotates together with the shaft 25.
  • the pinion 23 is provided with a circumferential groove which is formed in the hub thereof and which is engaged by a slot guide on a clutch control lever 28 which is mounted on a bolt 29 and carries a roller 30, at its outer end.
  • the clutch control lever 28 cooperates, by means of the roller 30, with a cam slot 3
  • the projection 34 is further pro vided with a guide face 35 (Figs. 6 and 7) which joins with an oblique face 35 to which a switching member 31 is correlated.
  • a lever 38 cooperates with the faces 35, 35 and the switching member 3'! by means of a perpen- 'dicularly-bent up arm, this lever being mounted switch 40 and influenced by a tension spring 4
  • the switch control lever 38 provides the armature of an electromagnet 42 one terminal of which is connected to the tumbler switch 40 by a lead, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the second terminal of the timibler switch 40 is connected to an electric motor 44 by a lead 43 (Fig. 3), further leads 45, 45 and 41 being associated with this motor, and a branch conductor 48 extending between the latter and the electromagnet 42, whereas the numerals 45, 41 designate line conductors of the network.
  • the energizing circuit of the electric motor 44 is closed or broken by means of the tumbler switch-'45 depending upon conditions of operation.
  • gear wheels 49, 50 respectively both of which are in mesh with an intermediate wheel 5
  • gear wheel 53 whiclrmeshes with a pinion 54 which is fixed to the shaft 55 of the A locking bar 56, which is rockably mounted on a pivot bolt 51, cooperates with the rack l9 1
  • a tension spring 63 tends to retain .the locking bar .in the II, by means of aroller.
  • a spring-loaded auxililever 66 cooperates with the locking bar. 66'
  • .lead 66 connects the movable contact member "to the line conductor 41 of the supply circuit.
  • the plant is assumed to be in the condition of non-operation as depicted in Fig. 1.
  • the temperature regulating. device 3 allows liquid ammonia to pass from the condenser I into the evaporator 4 so that the [ammonia present in the evaporator begins to' vaporize, due to this heating eifect and the normal pressure of less than two atm. existing in the evaporator.
  • the elastic bellows 62 is accordingly expanded, that is, clangated, in the direction of its longitudinal axis, so that the movable contact member 66 contacts with the stationary contact member 6
  • the motor is not connected at this time.
  • theswitch control lever 33 Prior to the rack l9 arriving at its lowermost'position theswitch control lever 33slides along the oblique face 36 provided on the projection 34, whilst this, lever is rocked againstv the action of the spring, so that the mercurytumbler' switch “is tilted, in such a way, that contact is established between the two terminals of this switch and thus the energizing circuit of the motor is closed through the leads 41, 46, 43, 45 and 46, in consequence of which, the mechanical driving of the motor is changed over to electrical driving.
  • switch control lever 38 being, however, prevented from rocking back under the'influenceof the associated spring 4
  • an evaporator In an automatic refrigeration system, an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor having .a
  • the compressor has a piston provided with a downwardly extending apron oi. hygroscopic material
  • the compressor has a cylinder provided with an oilreservoir in which the apron is immersed at the lower portion 01' the piston stroke, so that oil is raised by the apron and distributed over the walls of the cylinder upon up- OTTO ZEHNDER.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US200232A 1937-04-09 1938-04-05 Refrigerating plant comprising piston operated compressor Expired - Lifetime US2191605A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE206287X 1937-04-09
DE504593X 1937-04-09
DE836806X 1937-04-09
DE2191605X 1937-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2191605A true US2191605A (en) 1940-02-27

Family

ID=33458846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US200232A Expired - Lifetime US2191605A (en) 1937-04-09 1938-04-05 Refrigerating plant comprising piston operated compressor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2191605A (de)
CH (1) CH206287A (de)
DE (1) DE658968C (de)
FR (1) FR836806A (de)
GB (1) GB504593A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3500748A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-03-17 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Percussion fuze for a missile and procedure for the assembly of same
US3988936A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-02 Fmc Corporation Conveyor indexing mechanism
US20150233368A1 (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-20 Level Best Technologies Ltd. Rack and Pinion Driven Gas Compressor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3500748A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-03-17 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Percussion fuze for a missile and procedure for the assembly of same
US3988936A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-02 Fmc Corporation Conveyor indexing mechanism
US20150233368A1 (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-20 Level Best Technologies Ltd. Rack and Pinion Driven Gas Compressor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB504593A (en) 1939-04-27
DE658968C (de) 1938-04-22
CH206287A (de) 1939-07-31
FR836806A (fr) 1939-01-26

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