US2184214A - Gyratory crusher - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 19, 1939.

R. S. ELLIS GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed April 27, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I f //V Vf/V TOP.:

ussal. Scorri-Lus,

Dec. 19, 1939.

R. s. ELLIS 2,184,214

GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed April 27, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /A/Vf/v 70,?.- /Pussfu Sca TrELL/q,

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Patented Dec. 19, 1939 UNITED STATES GYRATORY oRUsHER it;

Russell Scott Ellis, Vineland, N. J.

Application April 2'7, 1939, Serial No.I 270,408

6 Claims. (Cl. 83-10) It is the object and effect of my invention to 'provide' means for disintegrating lumps of agglomerated sand and particularly such sands as are found in the southern portion of the State of New Jersey, and elsewhere, including particles of substantially pure silica and traces of titanium; to prepare the natural material as dredged or mined, for separation by flotation in apparatus of the character disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 2,104,537 granted January 4, 1938, and No. 2,146,672 granted February 7, 1939,

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I have found it convenient to illustrate my present invention in apparatus for eiecting separation of particles of material by flotation, of the general character claimed in said patents. However, said apparatus is adapted for crushing other material. v

As hereinafter described, my invention includes apparatus in which a slightly conical crusher tube is held stationary with its apex upward and a conical gyratory pendulum crusher body of similar inclination is suspended in radially spaced relation in said tube by an axial member. Said pendulum crusherbody is gyrated, conveniently by an electric motor, to crush material which gravitatesywithin a separator casing, to the annular space between said tube and the gyratory body. An essential feature of my invention is that the gyratory movement of said conical Crusher body is eiected by rotation 'of a shaft in coaxial relation therewith, but carrying an eccentrically disposed yweight which is thus shifted circumferen- 4tially with'respect to the axis of said shaft and cone. Such gyratory movement progresses said conical crusher body in a circular path, but without rotating said body upon its axis, although it has freedom for such rotation, independently of said shaft.

In the form oi my invention chosen for illustration, the axial supporting member of said conical Crusher body is upheld by a circumferential series of springs in a stationary support at their lower endspbut upholding a roller` bearing xed on said axial member in concentric relation therewith.

vMy invention includes the various novel features of construction, arrangement, and method of operation hereinafter more definitely specifled.

In the drawings; Fig. I is a vertical sectional view of apparatus conveniently embodying my invention.

Fig. II is a detached plan view of the metal frame which supports said conical tube, as shown in Fig. I.

In said gures; the concrete or masonry base members I, conveniently four blocks of rectangular configuration in plan and disposed in radial relation to the center of the apparatus support the base frame 2 and the super frame 3 at the topoiy said frame 2.

` The material to be treated is conveniently supplied through the conduit mixed with water and by a centrifugal pump. Said conduit 5 leads to 5 the surge tank supported on the platform 1 at the top of said super frame 3.v The spreader chute BfL extends from the bottom of said surge tank 6 to deliver the materialA from the latter4 upon the scalping screen 8 which is inclined so that the portion of the material, including stones, which it is desired to exclude from the apparatus, gravitates down said screen between the side members 8a thereof and is discharged upon the incline 3 which may lead to a railway car. The portion of the material which passes through said scalping screen 8 is directed by the chute I0 into the conical hopper II which is rigidly supported upon the grinding unit frame I2 which is conveniently formed of cast iron, and which, as shown in Fig. II, includes fourradial arms |28. As' indicated in dotted lines in Fig. I, said arms are rigidly connected by bolts IZb vwith the horizontal brace members 2i1 of said frame 2. Said grinder frame I2 has detachably fixed therein the conicaltube I3 with its apex upward. Said tube is preferably formed of metal harder than the metal vof saidframe I2 and is detachable so that it may be renewed when worn;

Interposed between said frame members 2SL and said crusher frame members 2a is the conical Aseparator casing E5 thus rigidly supported with its apex downward. Said casing has the cylindrical discharge outlet member I5a at the bottom thereof rigidly connected with the angle ring I6t to which radial brace members 2b extend from said base frame `2. I find it convenient to ll said ring I6 with concrete Iiia to brace and rigidly support said casing discharge member I 5a.

The water withwhich the raw material is de-l livered through the spreader chute 6a serves as part of the flotation fluid in said separator casing I5 to levitate the lighter floccule material, slurry,

etc., which is carried by the flotation water over the top edge of said separator casing I5 into theifl trough I5c from which it gravitates to waste through the discharge conduit ld. However, the main portion of flotation iluid is preferably clear water supp-lied through the conduit I8, conveniently by a centrifugal pump. Said conduit1250 i8 is connected with the axial conduit Illa, which is supported in coaxial relation with said separator casing I5 and its cylindrical lower portion i5, by the outlet member I5e having the outlet conduit I5f through which the crushed material'f55 precipitated in said separator casing I5 is discharged therefrom. Conduit Isa is vertically adjustable and upheld by the screw I 8 which is supported by the central foundation block Ia, and has its ends oppositely threaded.

vents I3b is distributed uniformly into the annular space I5 in said casing I5. The diaphragm plate |9d, which is tightly fitted at the top of said receptacle I9 around said axial conduit I 8a rigidly supports said flange I9c in coaxial relation with said axial conduit, but is provided with a circular series of ports I9e which permit the flotation iiuid to pass freely therethrough.

I nd it convenient to provide said diaphragm I9a in said receptacle I9 with the pendent cylindrical sleeve I9f closely fitting said axial conduit lI8a to further rigidly support said spreader structure in coaxial relation with said axial conduit. Said axial conduit |8a has rigidly connected with the top thereof the annular spreader ange 29 1 .opposed to said spreader flange I9, and I provide l. the lower end of the cylindrical sleeve I9f with zalm , the collar 2| by which said receptacle I9 may be manually raised and lowered through the stufng box 22 on the bottom of said outlet member I5e to precisely predetermine and vary the area ofthe completely annular fluid passageway be- 1 tween said flange I9c and said flange 20.

As means to adjustably vary the effective area tof said openings |91), I provide the circular'valve f plate 23 with the circular series of openings 23a :therethrough adapted to register with, or more I9b in said stationary diaphragm |93.

plate 23 has the tubular extension forming a' or less obstruct, the circular series of openings Said valve sleeve 23b closely fitting the outer cylindrical surface of said sleeve I9f and having the radially projecting handle 23c by which said sleeve 23'D and valve plate 23 may be turned.

Referring to Fig. I, platform 'I supports the electric motor 25 having its armature shaft 25a provided with pulley 25h, connected by belt 26 y:in bearing 29a on the gear casing 29.

with pulley 2l on the shaft 28 which is journaled Shaft 28 has fixed on its inner end bevel pinion 30, in mesh with bevel gear 3| journaled in bearings 29h and 29C. Gear 3| has spline 3 ISt engaging shaft 32, which is axially movable in gear 3 I.

Shaft'l 32 is connected with coupling shaft 33,

, by the universal joint 33a, and shaft 33 is connected, by universal joint 33h, with the pendulum shaft 35. Shaft 35 carries at its lower end the eccentrically disposed Weight 36, and extends Athrough the pendent axial tubular support 3'I of the gyratory conical pendulum crusher body 38 which is progressed in a circular path by shaft 35 and weight 36, as they are turned by motor 25.

' The boWl 33 is rigidly connected with crusher body 33 to receive and direct over its upper edge the crushed material which passes from the hopper through the tubular space II between the tube I3 in the frame I2 and the tubular facing 38a on body 38, which facing may either be formed of metal harder than body 38, or formed of rubber if it is desired to merely disintegrate lumps of sand without crushing the grains thereof. Bowl 39 supports the cylindrical housing 36a having in the lower portion thereof the thrust bearing 35a for said shaft 35, and forming a chamber 36' in which said weight 36 is turned.

Crusher body 38, bowl 39, and housing 36EL are supported with freedom not only for gyration as above contemplated, but also for rotation in either 5 direction on the axis of shaft 35, by providing said axial tube 3'I with the collar 3'Ia resting upon the upper rotary thrust bearing member 3'Ib, upheld by balls 31, in bearing member 3ic, supported by a circular series of vertically disposed 10 .helical springs 48, Which rest upon the stationary bearing 4| supported by I-beams 2b rigidly connected with the top girder members 2 of said base frame 2. Bearing 3'ID also suspends shaft 35 and weight 36, by said tube 3I. 15

The construction and arrangement above described are such, that when-the material to be crushed is supplied through said hopper I I and said gyratory pendulum crusher38 progressed circumferentially as above described, by the operation of said electric motor said material is disintegrated in said tubular space and discharged over the rim of said bowl 39 at a rate which varies with the speed of rotation of the shaft and the amount of the weight 36 and,25 of course, in accordance with the nature ofthe material being crushed. Body 38 is free to be turned in either direction, by friction withY the material being crushed to facilitate the crushing operation. The separation of the crushed mate-30 rial by flotation in said separator casing l5 and determination of what portion thereof shall be levitated and discharged by the iiotation iiuid, and what portion thereof shall be precipitated and discharged may be variably predetermined byi'35 the axial adjustment of said spreader flange I3c and by the rotary adjustment of said valve plate 23.

It may be observed that it is characteristic of the crusher structure of my invention that the 40 weight 36 is suspended from a point eccentric with respect to the center of gravity of its mass; that the gravitative force of such mass continually tends to effect centripetal movement of said mass laterally toward the center from which it is sus-` 45 pended, with the effect of imparting centrifugal movement to the other member 38 of the crushing couple with respect to the axis of the latter.

Although water is preferable as a flotation iluid for the disintegration and separation of agglomerated sand, by the means above described; said means may be used to crush and separate dry material, and air or other gaseous fluid may be used for flotation in the apparatus illustrated. However, the crusher mechanism disclosed here- 455 in may beused without embodiment in apparatus for effecting otation by separation.

Although I have found it convenient to use for the outer member of the crushing couple the conical tube I3; such outer member may be of any 60 suitable annular form. Moreover, any suitable means may be used for connecting the gyratory elements with a motor to turn them. For instance, the. motor may be operatively connected with a gear worm in mesh with a worm'gear G5 substituted for said bevel gear 3|.

Therefore, I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction, arrangement, or method of voperation herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made T0 therein Without departing from the essential features of my invention as dened in the appended claims.

' I claim:

l. In a gyratory crusher;A the combination with a vertical tubular crusher member; of a circular crusher member within said tubular member in radially spaced relation therewith; means for suspending said circular crusher member with freedom for gyratory movement, including an axial tubular member rigidly connected at its lower end with said circular crusher member; means for effecting gyratory movement of said circular crusher member including a rotary shaft in coaxial relation therewith. and a weight eccentrically disposed with respect to said shaft; a motor; means for operatively connecting said shaft with said motor, including a iiexible coupling at the upper end of said sha-it; a conical hopper in coaxial relation with said tubular crusher member; a conical separator casing in coaxial relation with said tubular crusher mem ber; and means rigidly connecting said tubular crusher member, hopper, and separator casing, including a cast metal frame encircling said crusher member and having radial arms con nected with said separator casing.

2. In a gyratory crusher; the combination with a vertical tubular crusher member; of a circular crusher member within said tubular member in radially spaced relation therewith; means for suspending said circular crusher member with freedom for gyratory movement, including an axial tubular member rigidly connected at its lower end with said circular crusher member; means for effecting gyratory movement of said circular crusher member including a rotary shaft in coaxial relation therewith, and a weight eccentrically disposed with respect to said shaft; a motor; means for operatively connecting said shaft with said motor, including a flexible coupling at the upper end of said shaft; a conical hopper in coaxial relation with said tubular crusher member; a conical separator casing in coaxial relation with said tubular crusher member; means rigidly connecting said tubular crusher member, hopper, and separator casing, including a cast metal frame encircling said crusher member and having radial arms connected with said separator casing; means, including a flotation fluid inlet conduit extending axially in said separator casing, for delivering notation fluid in said casing below said crusher member; and means for adjustably variably predetermining the proportion of fluid delivered into said casing from said inlet conduit, respectively upward in cooperative relation with said crusher members and downward to discharge precipitated material from said separator casing.

3. In a gyratory crusher; the combination with a vertical tubular crusher member; of a circular crusher member within said tubular member in radially spaced relation therewith; means for suspending said circular crusher member with freedom for gyratory movement, including an axial tubular member rigidly connected at its lower end with said circular crusher member; means for eiiecting gyratory movement of sad circular crusher member, including a rotary shaft in coaxial relation therewith, and a weight eccentrically disposed with respect to said shaft; a motor; means for operatively connecting said shaft with said motor, including a coupling at the upper end of said shaft; an upwardly outwardly flaring bowl rigidly connected with said circular crusher member at the lower end thereof in coaxial relation therewith, and in vertically spaced relation with said tubular crusher member; a conical separator casing rigidly connected with said tubular crusher member, with its apex downward; means rigidly connected with the lower end of said separator casing for receiving the crushed material, precipitated in said separator casing, and having a lateral discharge outlet for the precipitated material; an inlet at the bottom for flotation fluid; and an outlet at the top for the light ne material in suspension;

whereby the material crushed is received in said bowl and directed upwardly over the upper rim thereof, and the light ne material is discharged through said outlet at the top, by the flotation fluid.

4. A structure as in claim 3; wherein the inlet at the bottom for the notation fluid includes a conduit extending axially in said separator casing.

5. A structure as in claim 3; wherein the flotation fluid inlet includes a conduit extending axially in the separator casing, for delivering flotation fluid in said casing below said crusher members; a iiuid receiver in said separator casing, in coaxial relation with said conduit, for directing the dotation fluid both upward and downward; and valve means, in said receiver, having means, exterior to said receiver, for adjusting said valve; whereby the proportion of fluid delivered into said casing from said inlet conduit, respectively upward in cooperative relation with said crusher members and downward to discharge the precipitated material, may be adjustably variably prede termined.

6. In a gyratory crusher; the combination with a stationary vertical tubular crusher member; of a circular crusher member within said stationary tubular member in radially spaced relation therewith; an upwardly outwardly flaring bowl rigidly connected with said circular crusher member at the lower end thereof in coaxial relation therewith, in vertically spaced relation with said stationary tubular crusher member, but with its upper edge extending above the lower edge of said stationary crusher member; means for suspending said circular crusher member and bowl with freedom for gyratory mulling movement, including an axial tubular member rigidly con nected at its lower end with said circular crusher member; means for eifecting gyratory mulling movement of both said circular crusher member and bowl, including a rotary shaft in coaxial relation therewith; a motor; means for operatively connecting said shaft with said motor, including a coupling; a conical separator casing rigidly connected with said stationary crusher member, with its apex downward; means for introducing the material-to be crushed, between said stationary crusher member and the gyratory circular crusher member and bowl; whereby the ilow of material between the stationary and gyratory crusher members is retarded by the obstruction of said bowl and said material is subjected to two successive mulling actions, respectively, first, within said stationary crusher member, and second, within said bowl; means at the lower end of said separator casing for receiving the crushed material, precipitated in said separator casing and having a discharge outlet for said precipitated material; an inlet at the bottom for flotation fluid; and an outlet at the top for the light ne material in suspension; whereby the material crushed is received in said bowl. and directed upwardly and distributed laterally over the upper rim thereof, into said separator chamber, and the light ne material is discharged through said outlet at the top, by the notation fluid.

RUSSELL SCOTT ELLIS.

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