US1135795A - Pulverizer. - Google Patents

Description

J. L. HILLER.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2.9. 190B.

lPatentedApr. 13, 1915.

` 3 BEEETB-BHEET 1 J. L. HILLEH.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29| 1908.

Patented Apu, 13, 11915.

3 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

J. L. HILLER.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29, 1908.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

u 3 SHEETS*SHEET 3. e5 C5 it l .recaen r.. 'renna or narrarorsn'rr, nnssacnnsnrrs.

PUILWERIEEH.

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npeeitcatton or mettere Patent.

ratentea api. ia, iaia.

application tiled nptilf, tutt. aerial tto. ante.

certain .llmprovements in Fulverizerayof which the ollowing is a specication.' f-

lar or lum materia such as coal, and ll further desire that the device forming the subject of my present invention shall be of relatively simple and inexpensive construction, as well as of high capacity.

llt is further desired to provide a pulverizer which shall include a casing .of such construction that material thrown from a suitable rotating structure within it shall, if over a predetermined size, be returned to such rotating structure, while if it is under this size it will be discharged from the machine. c

Another object of the invention is to provide a pulverizing machine whichv shall break or comminute the material fed to it by delivering this upon a rapidly turning' disk or plate so that it is violently thrown olf against suitable structures withl great force, the fine crushed or broken material being permitted to pass away from the machine, while all particles above a predetermined size are returned to the disk or plate to. be again thrown off under the action of centrifugal force and further broken or crushed.

llt is also desired to provide a pulverizing machine having the above noted characteristics with means for governing the feed of material to the revolving plate or disk and also means for facilitating the pulverizing of material under treatment as well as the separation of the line particles from those which are coarser.

rlhese objects ll attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Which:

Figure l, is a "ertical section of a inachine constructed according to my invenbtt tion; Fig. 2, is an inverted plan view of the cover or guiding top of the machine. Fig. 3, is a plan of the machine with the cover removed; Fig. 4, is a vertical section of a modified form of my invention; Figs. 5 to 8, are vertical sections of various forms of hopper and casing which may be used in carrying out my invention; Figs. 9 and 10,

formed by the disk b.

'4 screen or though, 1f deslred, there may also be openare plans illustrating special vterms of hopper; Fig. 1i, is an elevation of a modified form of the revoluble disk, and Fig. l2, is a fragmentar vertical section showing a construction o parts which may be used when 1y "balls are employed to lassist in the pulveriz- @ne object of my invention is toprovldev a machine which shall be capable of reducing to anydesired degree of iineness granu- -ingoperation lln Figa'l-to 3 of the above drawings, A

representsl a suitably vconstructed base having a step bearing for a vertical shaft lB and also provided with an'upwardly extendlng hollow portion openv at one side, in the top part of which is a s'econdbearing for the u pper end of the shaft B, or, in the present lnstance, for the extension b thereof, upon which is mounted the disk or plate b. rllhe shaft B has mounted upon it a pulley b2 vdriven in an suitable manner; in the present instance y. means of a belt b3. Mounted upon the base A is a cylindrical body C open at the bottom and formed with an inwardly extending portion joining'the upwardly extending part a of the base in such manner as ,to form therewith a chamber completely closed oil' from the remainder of the interior of said body.

As above noted the extension b of the shaft B has fixed to it in any suitable mannerv a substantially horizontal plate` or disk b,'

which is preferably provided upon its upper surface with a number of upwardly projecting spirally formed vanes or ribs b4, though these may be omitted in some instances if found advisable.

The portion a of the base A and the body C together serve to support a dished receptacle D, the center of whose bottom part is lln the bottom-and sides of this receptacle are a number of openings or holes d which constitute the sieve portion of my machine,

ings in lthe revoluble plate or disk b as shown in Figs. 5 to 8 at d". At suitable intervals ll preferably mount within the part D a number of directing valves d', which also serve the function of abutments upon which the pieces of material thrown ofi' from the plate b' may strike.

These vanes are usually spirally curved and extend from points adjacent to the yopening for the disk b to the upper edge of the receptacle. vIn some cases I employ balls Q to aid in the pulverizing and under these conditions curve or fillet the vanes d so as to increase the available grinding surlli).

face capable of being engaged by the balls Mounted upon the part D is a cover E usually having its centralportion made in a generally funnel shaped form so as to provide a hopper for the reception of material,

l curved and united with the inner surface of the receptacle D. that it is practically continuous therewith; that is -to say, the. portions of'- the receptacle D immediately adjacent to the outer edges of the plate b are substantially continuous with the surface of said plate and from this latter the recepltacle D is gradually'curved upwardly until its surfacev meets the surface of the cover E. This latter is so formed that` while the top of its outerl part forms a hopper for the reception ofmaterial, its inner surface is so curved as to be capable of directin material so as to cause it to be delivere to the plate 5 after it has been violently thrown off therefrom. l

Under operating conditions coal l or other material to be broken or pulverized is delivered into the hopper formed by the cover E, and the shaft B and the plate b attached thereto are turned at a high velocity, in the present instance by means of the belt bs. Thematerial fed and restin upon said plate b is thus turned at a hig speed until it is thrown oi under the-action of centrifugal force -so that `it violently strikes the side portions or the vanes d of the casing formed by the receptacle D and the cover E, and is crushed or pulverized thereby.

' As above noted, the pulverizing action may be facilitated and the capacity of the.

vmachine increased by the use of the balls which are of hardened metal and grind the material under treatment in the manner similar to that ordinarily occurring in ball mills. As the material is crushed or pulverized it passes throu h the holes d in the interior of the body from which it may fall into any suitable receptacle; it bein noted that'the part c of said body, as wel as the upwardly extending part a of the base structure, efectually serves to protect the belt and step .bearing a from the broken or powdered material. As shown in dotted linesin Fig. 1, the above `mentioned parts arev so sloped as to direct material ypassing through those of, the holes d over the belt and pulley to opposite sides of the casing.

The' pieces of material in the casing formed by the receptacle D and the cover E uwhich are still of too great a size to pass through the holes d, are directed upwardl by the curved surface of the receptacle and strike the interior surf ce or vanes of the cover E, where further crushing or pulverizing takes place while the unbroken pieces are directed back from said surface onto said plate b from which they are again thrown off to be further broken. It is' noted that the curvature of the'inside of this cover is such that the large or unbroken pieces of material are repeatedly guided back to the revolving plate, which is turned at such a velocity as to most efliciently per- ,form the above noted operations; it being obvious that the material acted upon is very thoroughly and rapidly pulverized to any desiredneness. I

' -It will be further noted that there are but few moving parts to the device and with the exception of the plate, these are thoroughly protected from injury from the material acted upon. Said plate itself may be easily removed and replaced since it is preferably bolted to the flanged extension Z) of the driving shaft B so as to be quickly detached therefrom. The vanes b, d and e may be fixed in position either radially of the shaft B or may be given any desire inclination relatively to planes radial of Said shaft as may be found to most efficiently direct and assist in the pulverizing of the material acted upon. l

In place of providing the vanes 5* on the plate b I may if desired make said plate with a series of radial corrugations, as indicated at B", in Fig. 11. The walls of Athese corrugations, as is obvious, serve in effect as ribs or projections whereby a high speed of revolution is imparted to any material resting upon said disk, with the result that this is thrown oill and crushed or pulverized in the-manner previously set fort In Fig. 2, I have shown a series of removable ide vanes e* as mounted on the inner sur ace of the top or cover E. While these may be arranged in any desired manner so as to provide fiat surfaces lprojectin in the paths taken by material flung o from the central revolving plate b', I preferably mount them as shown in Fig. 2, in a number of series each of which defines a 'generally spiral line; itbein obvious that similar vanes may be mounte on the receptacle D or main portion ofthe casing.

In that form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 4, I have employed a body completely closed at the sides as indicated at C. Within this is mounted an electric motor Gwhich is also completely inclosed and so arranged that its armature shaft B is vertical, as in the case of that form of my device illustrated in Fig. 1. The upper end of this shaft carries the plate b', and pulmeanrat verized material passing through lthe holes d of the container D may fall through the casing C into any suitable bin or'other receptacle. ln this instance the cover E' forming the top of the pulverizing casing is provided with an annular hopper e so constructed that material passing through it is delivered over an annular area ot the plate b' instead of directly in the center thereof.

'lhe motor casing is preferably provided with a stuiling box g whereby entrance et grit or pulverized material along its armature shaft to its interior is eectually prevented.

lln Figui?, ll have illustrated in plan the construction of the hopper e5 employed in this form of my invention and in Fig. 10 l have shown an arrangement in which the material is delivered through a pair ot oppositely disposed spouts or chutes c formed in the cover lE2` so as to discharge the material upon the revolving disk b' at two points 180o apart.

ln Figs. 5, 7 and8, ll have shown various forms of adjustable hoppers whereby the feeding of material to the plate b may be regulated. For example, in Fig. 5, l provide the center of the plate with a conical boss b placed centrally under the hopper e7. This hopper is provided with an interior sleeve e8 which has laterally projecting lugs e extending under the lower edge of the main part of the hopper. gaged by bolts e whereby said sleeve may be raised or lowered to vary the distance ot its loweredge from the revoluble plate b' and thus to regulate the'amountof material passing from the hopper into the casing of the machine. y

ln the case illustrated in Fig. 7 l have shown the adjustable hopper sleeve e as provided with lugs projectmg from its top edge outside of the machine and in this case the bolts e pass through suitably `formed lugs' on the hoppen its before, by meansv ofA these bolts the adjustable hoppersleeve may be moved toward or from the disk b in order to regulate the :teed of material to the machine.

ln Fig. 8, l have shown a modification of the invention in which the adjustable hopper sleeve may be raised or lowered by means of hand levers j fulcrurned to the outside of the casing of the machine, which levers may if desired be clamped in an?? adjusted position `by means of wing nuts y operative on their pivot bolts.

ln Fig. 6, l have shown in detail a construction employed where it is desired to pulverize any material to what is practically an impalpable powder or to obtain such a powder as a by-product, as in the construction shown in Fig. 1. ln this case ll provide the upper portion of the cover with a hollow extensionV and perforate that portion of said These lugs are enment of a conduit H leading from it to any Y suitable exhausting device connected to the extension k. In the conduit ll is an auxiliary screen h of any desired degree of iineness whereby the size of particles of powdered material passing od from the conduit may be determined.

ile in Fig. 6 l have shown perforations 0l in the body D and also perforations in the revoluble disk d', these two latter may be omitted if desired when it is wished to obtain merely the exceedingly fine particles which may be drawn through the extension la and the conduit H.

l claim:

1. The combination of a plate; means for supportlng said plate in a substantially horizontal plane; means for rotating the plate; a stationary annular screen in the form of a structure having its interior surface curved continuously with and surrounding said plate; vanes on said screen for directing and delivering the 'material thrown olf trom the plate; with a cover projecting downwardly over the plate for returning thereto material thrown ed the same.

2. rll`l1e combination of a casing having a portion of its interior formed by a movable plate; means fory turning said plate relatively to the casing; said casing having its mittingthe escape of pulverized material;

vand spiral vanes projecting from the inner surfaceof the caslng.

3. 'llhe combination o'a stationary casing having its top portion' constructed to exteriorly form a' hopper for the reception of material to be pulverized; with a device placed to receive material from said hopper and throw it forcibly against the walls of the casing, the upper interior portion of said casing being formed by the exterior of the hopper and shaped to return to said device the material thrown od' by it.

4. The combination of a casing having a central revoluble plate continuous with the adjacent portions of the casing, a cover having its interior surface continuous with the side portions of the casing and interiorly curved toreturn to the plate material thrown oil' from it, with spirally curved vanes on the body of the casing and on the top thereof; and means for rotating the plate.

5. The combination of a revoluble plate having vanes, means for driving said plate,

' o therefrom.

7. The combination of a casing; a rotatable 'striicture therein, said casing be' forhe'to return to said structure materia 15 thrown off orf the same; means for driving the structure and vanes arranged in substantially spiral lines in said casing.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence 20 of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH L. HILLER Witnesses:

Wrnmmm E. BRADLEY, Jos.- H. Kmtm.

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