US937411A - Pulverizer. - Google Patents

Description

J. W. BLOCK.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION nun JAN.25,1908.

937,41 1 Patented Oct 19,1909

Fig. 2

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Jenn w. BLOCK, or coLIET, ILLINOIS.

PULVERIZER.

To all whom 'it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BLOCK, a citlzen of the United States, residing at Joliet, in the county of Will and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Pulverizer, of which the following is a-specification.

My invention relates to grinding mills and especially to the rotary type of machines used for pulverizing or reducing "various substancesto a highly comminuted or powdered condition, such apparatus being elas'siparticles with the more highly comm'inuted portions. The accumulation of moisture'is another disadvantage commonly 'met with In the process under consideration.

The chief objects sought by the improvements which form the subject matter of this application are :to provide an apparatus for the purposestated thatwill be simple in construction, eflicient in its operation and that will have an unusually rapid. effect upon the substances submitted to its action, resulting in their becoming thoroughly comminuted, blende? and aerated, the finished product being 0 a high grade.

Stating certain objects more in detail, the

apparatus hereinafter disclosed is designed to produce a continuous feed of the material to be powdened'and mixed; to intermingle with the substance treated a stream of air having the double function of creating a current by means of which the treated substances will be carried to the operating mechanism and thereafter transferred beyond the operating chamber, and also aerating the comminuted materials, thereby removing surplus moisture, and preventing fermentive, and other chemical changes to which certain classes of substances are liable during the recess of grmdin I aecom-p ish the above an other minor objects by means ofthe apparatus illustrated Specification of Letters Patent.

I l l l l the reference character a indicates a casing Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

Application filed. January 25, .1908. Serial No. 412,609.

in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this application, and in which Figure l is a vertical section of the preferred form of my improved pulverizer; Fig. 2. is a' top plan view of the machine with the driving pulley removed, and'Figs. 3 and a are sectional views on the lines 22- and 3--3 respectively, of Fig. 1.

Referring to the details of the drawing,

f in the form of a truncated cone, and supplied witha cone-shaped cover I), fromthe center of which rises a dome having a side outlet 11. connected in any suitable manner, with an exhaust fan (not shown in. the drawing). The casing a rests upon a bottom plate 0, and this in turn is supported upon a cylindrical base 0 supplied with air inlet ports 0 From the under side of the bottom 0 projects a hollow extension com municating at one end with the interior of the casing 05, through a centrally located circular opening 0* and at its other end'with the chamber 0 Near its bottom the casing a has a hollow cylindrical extension (1 in which is journaled a screw conveyer 6, while above the extension is fixed a feed hopper g. Concentric with the said casing is a vertical shaft j, extending entirely through the casing at both ends, its foot having a bearingin a step j supported in a hanger j suspended from the extension f. Near its upper end the said shaft is journaled in a box or hearing 3' supported upon the dome b and upon its projecting extremity is keyed a driving pulley 3' Mounted upon the said shaft j, within the casing a, is a hollow cone or receptacle 2' having its sides parallel With the said casing a, and separated therefrom by an annular space a. This inside cone i is open above and has a bottom 6 furnished with radially extending channels 70, which communicate with the annularspace a. The outer surface of the receptacle or cone i is studded with a number of wings or beaters m, in the form of flattened vanes or blades secured by threaded stems m which pass through the wall of the receptacle 5, and are firmly secured by nuts. This arrangement permits the blades m to be placed at various angles, which is of special advantage since it is desirable to vary the inclination of the blades of the beaters according to the character of the'substances undergoingtreatment. With- 'are removable.

in the said inside cone or receptacle 5, is suspended a stationary cone-shaped hopper n, which is attached to the cover I) by hang- I crs n. The said hopper has a greater flare than the surrounding revolving drumand is open at both ends. The lower contracted end closely surrounds the hub 2' of the cupshaped receptacle 2', but does not come in contact therewith, a comparatively narrow annular space a being left between the said cone and hub, forming a communication between the cavities of the fixed hopper and movable receptacle. Upon the shaftj between the bottom 71 of the inside cone and the bottom plate'c of the casing a, is mounted a collar p which supports a number of radial arms or hammers p, pivoted to swing or oscillate horizontally to a limited extent upon pins 9 which extend through both collar p and the bottom 71 of the cone 6, and The free ends of the said arms are flattened vertically toform ham mer-heads p and extend to near the inner wall of ,the casing a, only sufficient space being left between the hammers and the casthrough the ports 0 and finds entrance into ing to give properclearance.

The method of operating the pulverizing apparatus hereinbeforedescribed is as follows :The pulley j having beenconnected with any available source-of power the up -right shaft j is rapidly rotated, causmg a swift revolution. of the drum carrylng the heaters m, and also the swinging hammers p. By means of a pneumatic exhaust fan, (previously mentioned but not illustrated) attached to the outlet h of the cover dome b a strong current of air is maintained throughout the various communicating passages and cavities of the apparatus, taking a course as fol lows :The air first enters the base '0 the casing a by the passage f and opening a,

i p where it encounters the swingingh'ammers p,

and ascending through the annular space a between the cone z and the casing a, finally escapes through the outlet passage h in the dome b and is then led. to any desired locality. The material to be ground or pulverrized is fed into the hopper g,'and by the screw conveyer e is forced into the casing a where it meets with the current of air which tends to carry said material upward. The

materialhowever, is usually fed in suchacondition that the particles and masses are too'heavy to be materially affected by the air current, and must first be reducedto the proper condition, so that the gravity of the substances may be sufliciently reduced to per- .mit of their flotation. This reduction is ac- I complished by. the action of the swiftly revolvlng; arms {0 and hammer-heads p which 'beat and-strike the heavier, particles until they are sufliciently comminuted to permit the action of the, current to carry the pulver as a valve.

space a where the revolving beaters continue the disintegrating and blendin process, so that by the time the materia laden current has reached the greater space directly beneath the cover, some of itwill have become sufliciently light to be carried onward through the outlet port with the escaping air but as the velocity of the current is lessened in the more expanded space above the annular passage (1 the heavier particles will fall by gravity and being collected by the fixed chute or hopper n will pass through the annular space 11. and be carried by the centrifugal force through the channels k meeting the ascending current to be again subjected to the action of the numerous beaters m. The heavier particles are thus being continuously driven'upward, subjected to the action of the heaters and allowed to fall and again brought into contact. with the heaters until the entire mass hasbeen reduced to a sufliciently comminuted state to permit of its being carried away through the proper channels.

The action of the hammers is of special advantage, since their pivotal attachment to the upright shaft permits them to rebound somewhat when meetingwith unusual resistance, and as the substances to be pulverized are frequently fed to the machinein comparatively large and hard pieces not readily reduced by a single direct blow, this arrangement avoids the tendency to severe shocks which would be likely to break or otherwise damage the mechanism. The current of air is prevented from finding an exit through the extension 03 by keeping the conveyer well filled with material so as to act While the housing or casing as well as the revolvin cone or receptacle have 'been shown Q conical form this shape is not essential to the proper working of the appa- :-ratus. It is obvious that other changes may be made in the devices of my invention without departing from the-spirit and scope thereof, and I do not wish, therefore, to be limited'tothe precise construction set forth.

When the grinding material is of moderate density or the substances supplied have received a preliminary crushing so as to render the particles l1ghter,. the swinging hammers may be detached, the pivots being made removable for that purpose and the heaters m alone depended upon to produce the pulyerizing. The adjustability of the 'vanes or bea will permit the blades to be placed at an incline .to the horizontal plane, and as they are rapidly revolved they will create a strong current .of air, thus supplementing the effect of the current-generating device or exhauster and this result may besuflicient to accomplish the transmlssion of lighter grades of materia1 through the casing provided with an air inlet and outlet orts and means for introducing material to e pulverized into the saidcasing, said means arran ed at the bottom of the casing, of a rotata le drum mounted within the casing and havingi'discharge conduits near its bottom, and eaters projecting radially from the drum.

2. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing provided with axial air inlet and outlet ports, feed means communicating with the lower part of said casing, a rotatable receptacle in the casing, said receptacle having discharge conduits near the bottom, beaters projecting radially from the receptacle,

and a hopper inclosed by said casing and spaced therefrom, said hopper adapted to discharge into said receptac e.

3. In a pulverizer, the combination with the casing, having air inlet and outlet ports,

of a rotatable receptacle in the casing and having radial channels in its bottom, of a drum arranged within the casing, and com- -mu nicating therewith and with the receptacle, and beater-s projecting from the said receptacle.

' 4. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing having air inlet and outlet ports, and

a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle rotatable in said casing, pivoted arms rotatable with said shaft and extending horizonand beaters fixed on said receptacle, sai receptacle having communication with the casing at its top and bottom. I

5. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing having air inlet and outlet ports, and a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle mounted upon the shaft in the casing, discharge conduits in the bottom of said receptacl communicating with the said casing, beaters extending laterally from the receptacle, arms carried by the shaft and arranged below the receptacle, and a fixed hop er arranged partly within said receptac e and partly within said casing and having communication with both casing .and receptacle.

6. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing, having air inlet and outlet ports, and a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle ing having a central air' inlet port at its bottom, a central discharge port at its top,

material to be pulverized,pulverizing means comprising a rotatable drum havingrigid beaters secured thereto, and other beaters swingingly mounted on said drum, and means for driving said drum.

8. In a pulverizing mill comprising a casing having a central air inlet port at its bottom, a central discharge port at its top, and means for feeding into the casing the material to be pulverized, pulverizing means comprisinga rotatable drum having rigid beaters ad ustably secured thereto, and other beaters swingingly mounted on said drum, and a hopper Within said casing and communicating with said drum.

9. In a pulverizing mill, comprising a casing having suitable air inlet and outlet openings, a rotatable drum open at the top and having discharge openings in its bottom, a chute fixed in said casing and discharging into said drum at the bottom, heaters secured to said drum, and means for feedin material into the bottom of the casing an means for conveying the pulverized material from the top of sald casing.

10. In a pulverizer, a casing having inlet and outlet for air and material to be pulverized, an inverted frusto-conical chute fixedly arranged Within said casing with an annular space between the top of the chute JOHN W. BLOCK.

Witnesses: i

M. FOLEY, I JOSEPH BLOCK.

and a fixed hopper arranged andmeans for feeding into the. casing the r

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