US2182429A - Process and apparatus for spinning artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for spinning artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions Download PDF

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Publication number
US2182429A
US2182429A US134436A US13443637A US2182429A US 2182429 A US2182429 A US 2182429A US 134436 A US134436 A US 134436A US 13443637 A US13443637 A US 13443637A US 2182429 A US2182429 A US 2182429A
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Prior art keywords
thread
threads
spinning
artificial silk
filaments
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Expired - Lifetime
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US134436A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frowein Kurt
Bauriedel Gotthard
Elsaesser Viktor
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AMERICAN BEMBERG Corp
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AMERICAN BEMBERG CORP
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts
    • D01F2/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts from cuprammonium solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions by the funnel stretch spinning process and has for its object to provide an improved process for the manufacture of such artificial silk and an apparatus for carrying out this process.
  • composite thread has quite a special structure
  • strands built up from the multiple filaments can then be continuously acidified, wound up and further worked up in the known manner.
  • the guiding together of the multiple filament bundles to form the composite thread bundle at the moment of the production process referred to can be effected under a certain degree ofpressure for assisting the adhesion.
  • specially constructed closing devices are employed. These closing devices which are more or less in the form of thread guides must be narrow and mayfor example be in the form of a slot or V-shaped. It is advantageous if the form of the thread guide is adapted to the size corresponding to the titer, in order that when ponent filament bundles are partly stuck togetherat their outer surfaces without on the other hand completely losing their original shape.
  • the composite threads consequently have imparted to them on the whole an irregular multi-.lobular cross-section.
  • v Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an artificial silk thread having a thickness corresponding for example to denier and comprising 75 individual filaments each having a thickness corresponding to 1 denier.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal view of the thread shown in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 shows a composite thread having a thickness corresponding to '75 denier but comprising three component threads or basic threads each having a thickness corresponding to 25 denier,
  • Figure 4 shows a thread which has been united to form a composite thread in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows diagrammatically the steps of the process
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of an apparatus for carrying out the process.
  • the artificial silk thread which has been spun in accordance with the usual process in a single spinning funnel comprises 75 individual filaments, each having a thickness corresponding to 1 denier, so as to form a composite thread having a thickness corresponding to 75 denier.
  • the individual capillary threads are distributed more or less regularly over the entire cross-section of the thread which is approximately circular.
  • the individual capillary threads in the thread strand are stuck together at certain points so that a lightly reticulated sticking together or stiffening has taken place in the entire thread strand.
  • This is the usual structure of the known artificial silk strand which has been produced by "the funnel spinning method from a cuprammonium cellulose solution.
  • each component thread comprises 25 separate filaments each having a thickness corresponding to 1 denier.
  • the three basic threads lie closely adjacent to one another, particularly when twisting has taken place but they are not stuck together or stiffened. They are produced by combining three individual basic filament strands having a thickness corresponding to 25 denier, after being formed, to produce the composite thread having a thickness corresponding to 75 denier either after acidifying or even later.
  • the cross-section is lobular and is seen to be composed of three parts corresponding to the three basic threads.
  • the basic threads however are stuck together to a marked degree attheir points of contact so that the composite thread behaves on the outside as if it were a unitary structure, in spite of its comprising three separate parts.
  • the sticking together of the individual filaments in the manner shown in Figure 2 takes place in the cross-section of Figure 4 not only within the component threads but also from the capillaries of the one component thread to the capillaries of the other component thread. This structure has come to pass in that three basic threads have been spun in separate funnels.
  • the component threads After the component threads have left the funnels and have parted with the bulk of the spinning liquid while passing around the first deviating device and after they have been thus preformed and are still in 'a sufiiciently alkaline condition, they are united under light pressure in a narrow thread guide to form a composite thread and the composite thread is thereupon in continuous operation, acidified, wound up and then finished in the known manner.
  • the spinning funnels are arranged in a double row and are furthermore offset with respect to one another in order that the threads of the rear row will be able to pass conveniently between the gaps of the front row.
  • This arrangement has been found to be advantageous and it has been proved that the geometric difference between the rear and front rows of funnels do not produce prejudicial results-in the finished product.
  • a very large number of spinning funnels it is true come pected results in the manufacture of artificial silk by the stretch spinning process which have only now actually become particularly apparent. It is intended in future to spin in the individual spinning funnels only a single titer, e. g.
  • a titer corresponding to a thickness of 20 denier Notwithstanding this. the market can be supplied with a comparatively large number and range of titers, in that namely a corresponding doubling of the component threads will be effected to form .a composite thread comprising two, three, four or five component thread bundles, so that the factory will be able, without any special changing over, to deliver finished artificial silks having a total titer of 20, 40, 60, etc. denier.
  • the invention is thus capable of dealing with the varying requirements of the market in respect of fine titers in every respect without, as is well known, the delicate spinning machinery with the spin ning funnels having in any way tobe changed over.
  • water and solution pressure and the quantitiesof these substances can be uniformly regulated and controlled, in a manner which was never possible in the case of a multi-titer spinning process, where one is compelled to make compromises in view of the multiplicity of the titers.
  • the improvements have also the further advantage that in future the spinning machine plant can be operated with the same output or capacity, independently of what total titers are to be spun or called for. In this manner the capacity of the machine, i. e. the output in kilograms per unit of time, can be maintained constant independently of the desired titer, whereby a very good and uniform utilisation of the machine results.
  • the filaments are withdrawn from the funnels I, I, I", 2, 2', 2 and so on.
  • the filaments 3, 3", 4, and 5" are doubled together in the alkaline state in the thread guide members 6 and are then passed as a composite thread I through the fixed acidifying device 8 and the thread guide member 9. From there the composite thread passes through the thread guide device Ill to the reel II.
  • the solution flows from a solution pipe I! and a branch pipe I8 to the spinning head I9, from which the filaments issue into the spinning funnels I, I, 2, the component thread bundles 3, 4, 5, passing around a glass roller I2 constituting the first deviating member and over deviating rods I3, M to the doubling bar on which is mounted the grooved closing rod I5, whereby the component thread bundles are brought together and united to form a triple thread which then passes around a second glass roller I6 and from there to the reel II where it is wound up.
  • the triple threads are acidified in known manner, e. g. by spraying as shown at 20, or by passing through an acidifying bath.
  • a process for the production of artificial silk comprising forming a plurality of separate bundles of artificial silk filaments preliminarily by the cuprammonium stretch-spinning process in a stream of precipitating liquid, conducting the freshly spun bundles of filaments separately from one another around a deviating member to separate the precipitating liquid from the said threads, then bringing the said bundles of arthe said bundles of filaments to form a composite thread, and thereafter acidifying the composite thread.
  • a process for the production of artificial silk comprising forming a plurality of separate bundles of artificial silk filaments preliminarily by the cuprammonium stretch-spinning process in a stream of precipitating liquid, conducting the freshly spun bundles of filaments separately from one another around a deviating member to separate the precipitating liquid from the said threads, guiding together the said bundles of artificial silk while the latter are still somewhat adhesive, applying a light pressure to the filament bundles while being united to form a composite thread, and thereafter acidifying the composite thread.
  • a process for the production of artificial silk comprising forming a plurality of separate bundles of artificial silk filaments preliminarily by the cuprammonium stretch-spinning process in a stream of precipitating liquid, each of said bundles having a thickness lying within a range correspo-nding to 10 to 25 denier, inclusively, conducting the bundles of threads separately in a path whereby separation of the precipitating liquid from the said threads takes place, guiding together the said bundles of artificial silk filaments while the latter still possess a certain amount of adhesiveness so as to unite the said bundles of filaments to form a composite thread, and thereafter acidifying the composite thread.
  • An artificial silk stretch spinning apparatus for producing threads, comprising a precipitating apparatus, a plurality of spinnerettes arranged to provide a plurality of individual threads arranged in separate groups, a plurality of funnels, each of which is disposed to receive one of said groups of filaments, means toguide said groups of filaments separately from said funnels in a path whereby precipitating liquid is separated from said groups o f'threads, a thread uniting means to receive said threads from said guiding device and cause said separate groups of' thread to form a composite thread, and means to acidify said thread after passage through said thread uniting means.
  • An artificial silk stretch spinning apparatus for producing threads, comprising a precipitating apparatus, a plurality of spinnerettes arranged to provide a plurality bf individual threads arranged in separate groups, a plurality of funnels, each of which is disposed to receive one of said groups of filaments, means to guide said groups of filaments separately from said funnels in a path whereby precipitating liquid is separated from said groups of threads, a thread uniting means to receive said threads from said guiding device and cause said separate groups of thread to .form a composite thread, said thread uniting means comprising a narrow slot through which the composite thread is forced to pass, and means to acidify said thread after passage through said thread uniting means.
  • An artificial silk stretch spinning apparatus for producing threads, comprising a precipitating said groups of threads; a-thread uniting means to, receive said threads from said guiding device while said threads are in a plastic state and cause said separate groups of threads to form a composite thread, means to acidify said composite thread, and means to collect said thread.
  • An artificial silk stretch spinning apparatus for producing threads comprising a precipitating apparatus, a plurality of spinnerettes arranged to provide a plurality of individual threads arranged in separate groups, a plurality of funnels, each of which is disposed to receive one of said groups of threads, means to guide said groups of threads separately from said funnels in a path whereby precipitating liquid is separated from said groups of threads, a thread uniting device comprisinga narrow slot to receive said threads from said guiding device while said threads are in a plastic state, means to apply pressure to said threads as they pass to said thread uniting means and cause said groups of threads to form a composite thread, means to acidify said composite thread after passage through said uniting means, and means to collect said thread.
  • An artificial silk stretch spinning apparatus for producing threads, comprising a precipitating apparatus, a plurality of spinning funnels arranged in two rows and staggered with respect to one another, a spinnerette disposed within each of said funnels for spinning a plurality of individual threads through each of said funnels, means to guide said groups of threads separately from said funnels in a path whereby precipitating liquid is separated from said groups of threads, a thread uniting device to receive a plurality of said groups of threads from said guiding device while said threads are in a plastic state and cause said separate groups of threads to form composite threads, means to acidify said composite threads, and means to collect said threads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
US134436A 1935-11-16 1937-04-01 Process and apparatus for spinning artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions Expired - Lifetime US2182429A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1935B0171788 DE686319C (de) 1935-11-16 1935-11-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstseidefaeden aus Kupferoxydammoniakcelluloseloesung nach dem Spinntrichterverfahren
DEB173653D DE708301C (de) 1935-11-16 1936-04-05 Vorrichtung zur Ausfuehrung des Verfahrens zur Herstellung von Kunstseidefaeden aus Kupferoxydammoniakcelluloseloesung nach dem Spinntrichterverfahren
GB9217/37A GB491038A (en) 1935-11-16 1937-03-31 An improved process and apparatus for manufacturing artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions by the funnel stretch spinning method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2182429A true US2182429A (en) 1939-12-05

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US134436A Expired - Lifetime US2182429A (en) 1935-11-16 1937-04-01 Process and apparatus for spinning artificial silk from cuprammonium cellulose solutions

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US (1) US2182429A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE420866A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE686319C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR819661A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB491038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3333040A (en) * 1962-12-17 1967-07-25 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of producing novelty yarn and apparatus associated therewith

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE871349C (de) * 1940-09-14 1953-03-23 I P Bemberg A G Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstseide-Kettenbaumwickeln
US3148101A (en) * 1958-06-26 1964-09-08 Celanese Corp Process for making non-woven batt
DE1280717B (de) * 1961-11-16 1968-10-17 Bancroft & Sons Co J Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von gebauschtem Garn mit begrenzter Elastizitaet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3333040A (en) * 1962-12-17 1967-07-25 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of producing novelty yarn and apparatus associated therewith

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB491038A (en) 1938-08-25
DE686319C (de) 1940-01-06
FR819661A (fr) 1937-10-25
BE420866A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1937-06-30
DE708301C (de) 1941-07-17

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