US2178627A - devaux - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 7, 1939. P. DEvAux 2,178,627

DRAFTING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 5, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 7, 1939. P. DEvAux l 2,178,627

DRAFTING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 5, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 P. DEVAUX Nov. 7, 1939.

DRAFTING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 5, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ?atented Nov, 7, l39

[application February 5, 1937, Serial in France August 3l, 1936 Ll Claims.

This invention is improvement in the draft mech ism of spinning and like machines and more particularly an improvement on roy Patent lj'tl, Decor-aber i938, in which a pair of small rollers, sf. etiines called slip-rollers. is lo cated to control the fibers between a pair oi retaining rolls and oi drawing delivery rolls and is driven by a rotating permanent magnet on which the lower slip roll rests. The present ir e` chie-ily in that the drive shaft, instead of being carrying p oanent magnet, is me: n shaft of mag; tlc niaterial separate trom the dreit. retaining rolls small roller in ce act with it is itseli a perinanen regnet and made effective to produce tic attraction, necessary for the required driv 1g friction by providing that its magnetic at the opposite end of such small contact only with noninagnetic material, thy eby avoiding short-circuitinU oi the magnetic unes ci force with consequent impairment oi the friction drive.

Further characteristics of the invention will be set forth in the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, which are given solely by way of example:

Fig. l is a vertical cross-section, on the line l-l of Fig. 2, oi a mechanism according to the invention (shown in heavy lines) in position upon a continuous spinning' machine.

Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan View, the usual upper cylinders being removed.

Figs. 3, l and 5, 6 show two modications in sectional and in plan view.

f In the embodiment shown in Figs. l and 2, the drawing head for spinning purposes comprises, in the known manner, delivery rollers l and la, intermediate or retaining rollers 2 and 2a, and feed rollers il and 3a.

The bearing parts o' upon the frame of lower rollers and t bear upon a member 5, adjustable in position relatively to the roller l, by sliding on the frame li. The upper rollers 2a and 3a have their journals located in grooves in the arms of caps d, which are pivoted to a bar l.

As to the roller la, its journals are located in grooves formed in the blocks t, which are secured by screws G to the cap arms '5.

ln order to support the libres of the roving as near as possible tothe nip ci the delivery rollers i-ia, there is mounted between the rollers l-la and a set consisting of two rollers it and l l, whose diameter is small as necessary in order that their line ci contact shall be at as short a,

the lower roller l rest dr wing head. The

(Cl. 1li- 130) distance as may be desired from delivery rollers.

The roller lil is a permanent positive rotation ci said magnet speed is obtained without torsion or bending, clue to the fact that said magnet rests on a driving shaft iii having the normal diameter oi the rollers used in spinning machines. Said shaft lill is driven at end or in any other manner in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rollers i, t and 3.

The roller ii and the magnet lil are preferably each o a length which corresponds to two spindles ci a continuous machine, that is to say, each is local to one of the spaces between the frame members.

ln this case, each magnet element lil, and the corresponding pressure element il, are held in place by journals engaged in grooves li formed in the members i3, which consist oi non-magnetic material.

Each. member it forros a fork in order to give passage to the supporting arm oi the block 8 in which is journalled the roller la, and the said fork bears upon the edges of said arm in order to avoid any lack of parallelism between the elements lil and il, relatively to the usual rollers.

Each member lil can be secured to one of the arms S by any suitable means, such as a screw B9 passing through a slot 2@ in the member It.

The shaft il@ and the magnet i il may be smooth 01 luted, striated, milled, etc.

The effect of confining the ends of the small roller itl in the grooves il ci the non-magnetic roll-holders i8 is to block oli and greatly reduce the flow oi magnetic lines of force through the frame members and adjacent rolls, thereby coniining practically the whole magnetic ilux to the small roll itself and the portion of the drive shaft that is co-eirtensive with it. This concentration is indispensable to the required magnetic attraction for friction-driving purposes.

The pressure with which the upper roll l l bears upon the roving is subject control by selecting the amount oi magnetic material in it, but as the required pressure is only slight this roller is made of magnetic material with a non-magnetic covering such as brass or leather oi a selected thickness, spacing it away from the lower roller to the extent desired for the particular pressure wanted. With such magnetic insulation on the roll il there is only an uri-objectionable shunting of the magnetic field away from the drive shaft.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. l and 2, the material under treatment is supported and conthe nip of the magnet. The is at the desired ducted by the magnet Il), whose surface speed is the same as that of the shaft 40, whatever be their respective diameters, and thus the said shaft 40 should give to the magnet lil the speed which is to be imparted to the material.

In this construction, the spacing between the nips of the said magnet EU and that of the roller 2, is determined by the diameter of the shaft 40 and of the said roller 2, and although this spacing is reduced to 22 (which as a rule will perfectly control the fibres at this point) in the case of usual diameters of l0 mm. for the magnet l0, 19 mm. for the roller 2, and 16 mm. for the shaft 4G, it may be desired, in certain special cases, to have smaller spacings but at the same time to obtain a progressive surface speed from the roller Z to the roller l0.

For this purpose, it is possible to reduce the diameters of the rollers 2 and 49 and to leave them independent, but the choice oi said diameters is limited by the strength of these rollers which is indispensable for their durability and for their manipulation during cleaning.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 4 on the one hand, and Figs. 5 and 6 on the other hand, it is possible to comply with such requirements and to obtain these results, by using the shaft 4@ to support and to drive two magnets disposed along the longitudinal direction of the machine.

Thus in the embodiments shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the cylindrical shaft lill, whose diameter is 16 mm. for instance, supports and drives a magnet IIJ of 10 mm. diameter, for instance, upon its whole length, said magnet having the same circumferential speed as the shaft, and also a magnet Il!a whose parts in contact with the shaft 4t have a larger diameter than that of the parts of this magnet which operate upon the material (for instance 13 mm. and 12 mm.). Hence the magnet IB has a circumferential speed of 1.083 in the present construction, when the magnet l0a has a circumferential speed of 1 for the same speed of the shaft 40.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the shaft 40, which has for instance 18 mm. diameter in its parts which support and drive the magnet lil, has a smaller diameter (for instance le mm.) in its parts which support and drive the magnet ille; on the other hand, the magnet l0 has for instance 10 mm, diameter upon its entire length, and the magnet I0a has 16 mm. in its parts in contact with the shaft 40, and 10 mm. in its parts acting upon the material. In this case, the circumferential speed of the magnet IU is 2.05, when the magnet Illa has a circumferential speed of 1 for the same speed of the shaft 40.

In the constructions shown in these Figures 34 and 5-6, the distance between the nips of the roller I and of the magnet I6, as well as the distance between the nips of magnets IU and ia, are for instance 16 mm., while at the same time permitting the use of a load pressure or a pressure which is free but is sufciently heavy, in many cases, by means of the roller 2a.

Such distances may be further reduced if so desired, by reducing the diameter of the magnet I0 and of the roller Il, etc. In these constructions the driving friction between the shaft 4U and the intermediate roll il)a is susceptible of increase as desired by increasing the weight of the top roll 22L so that the magnetic attraction of Ie to 2a need not be relied upon for the entire friction and it is not of so great consequence if some of the lines of force ci' the roll (ita) are slicrted to the top roll 2a or the frame.

These examples alone will give an idea oi` the number oi possible combinations.

In these devices, the rollers which are not shown in plan view, are machined in order to fit upon the bosses oi the magnet it@ and to bear freely upon the parts of the said magnet which act upon the material.

It will be observed that the material under treatment, such as cotton, wool or the like, will not be subjected to any eiec't from the magnets, as these are by no means charged with electricity, but have simply received, once for all, the magnetic induction, whose flux has no eiect whatever upon such material.

The said devices and their modiiications as above described are chiey adapted for use with two spindles of a continuous machine or four spindles of a self-acting machine; however, they may be arranged, for reasons oi economy, for four or more spindles for continuous machines or eight or more spindles or self-acting machines.

The several devices herein described and their modications are applicable to the existing machines for the preparation and the spinning of cotton, wool, and the like, as well as to all such machines which may be further constructed.

Obviously, the said invention is not limited to the embodiments herein described and represented, which are given solely by way ci example.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In drawing mechanism for spinning and like machines, of the kind including small rollers located to have controlling contact with the bers passing from pairs of retaining rolls to pairs of drawing rolls and close to the bite of the latter, said rolls being supported at intervals in frame members and said small rollers being local to the spaces between said members and held therein to rotate on xed axes and being driven by a common rotary drive-shaft by virtue of their irictional contact therewith, the improvement which consists in each said small fiber-contacting roller being a permanent magnet and said drive-shaft in contact therewith being of magnetic material and the parts contacting the magnetic poles at the opposite ends of said small roller being of non-magnetic material adapted for reducing short-circuiting of the magnetic field of said small roller through said frame members and the other rolls.

2. The structure oi claim 1 having an upper small roller of magnetic material, resting on the lower small roller and covered with non-magnetic material.

3. The structure of claim l. in which the lowermost of the two retaining rolls is also a permanent magnet irictionally driven by said driveshaft.

4. The structure oi claim l in which the bottom retaining roll is also a permanent magnet and is provided with parts of larger diameter having frictional driving contact with said driving-shaft.

PAUL DEVAUX.

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