US2153031A - Process of producing crimped artificial fibers from cuprammonia cellulose solutions - Google Patents

Process of producing crimped artificial fibers from cuprammonia cellulose solutions Download PDF

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Publication number
US2153031A
US2153031A US153058A US15305837A US2153031A US 2153031 A US2153031 A US 2153031A US 153058 A US153058 A US 153058A US 15305837 A US15305837 A US 15305837A US 2153031 A US2153031 A US 2153031A
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United States
Prior art keywords
threads
cuprammonia
artificial fibers
cellulose
fibers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US153058A
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English (en)
Inventor
Zetzsche Walther
Stix Edmund
Faber Hermann
Schurman Max Otto
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts
    • D01F2/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts from cuprammonium solutions

Definitions

  • Our present invention relates to a process of producing artificial fibers resembling wool and more particularly to a process of producing crimped and curly staple fibers from cupram- 5 monia cellulose solutions.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a process by which the fibers acquire a rough, uneven, knotted surface. Further objects will be seen from the detailed specification following hereafter.
  • FIG. 1 showdiagrammatically an apparatus for spinning fand after-treating fibers from copper-oxide ammonia solutions of cellulose, in which the threads are cut'to staples before the actual after-treatment, and
  • Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically a device on whichthe threads are not out before but either after the hardening and decopperizing. or not at a all, but which enables the threads to be hardened and decopperized in tensionless condition.
  • l represents a container for the precipitating bath
  • 2 is a multiple spinning nozzle, which reaches into the middle of ,the funnel shaped tube 3.
  • the precipitating liquid fiows from I into 3 and carries the threads 4 downwards till it reaches the guide roller 5 in vessel 6 from where the liquid may be pumped back into I (pumping'system not shown);
  • the threads'l then pass between two rollers 1 onto a roller driven (8 and 9) conveyer belt at the end of which they are cut to any desired staple length by the cutting device Ill.
  • the cut threads fall into the trough H, where the threads are hardened. A certain amount of the.
  • Figure 2- The understanding of Figure 2-will be facili tated by a perusal of the description of Figure 1.
  • the reference numerals are identical as is the function of the parts with which they correspond.
  • the cutting device is left out in the apparatus shown in Figure 2.
  • the rollers l3 rotate somewhat more slowly than rollers 1, which serve to accumulate a certain amount of thread in trough H and on conveyer belt ll. Y
  • Our invention is based on the observation that very well crimped artificial fibers may be made i from cuprammonia cellulose solutions by relieving the tension on the fresh threads which have been spun under tension and during or after this relieving operation subjecting the threads to atreatment with an agent which has a strong swelling or shrinking effect-and if desired'at the same time have a decomposing action.
  • the process starts from threads made by the stretch-spinning process.
  • fresh threads means threads which still contain chemically bound copper. This is the case, for instance, with threads which have not yet been subjected to a treatment with acid or threads in which the content of chemically bound copper has been only partly removed by a mild acid treatment.
  • the requirement that the treatment in accordance with the invention should-be applied to the threads in an unstretched condition may be fulfilled if the threadsare first cut to staple length.
  • agents which have a swelling or shrinking action are hot water (temperature C.-), hot concentrated salt solutions, for example solutions of sodium sulfate, acid sodium sulfate or ammonium sulfate (temperature 80- Following treatment with the shrinking or swelling agent the fibers, if-desired after preliminary separation of the agent, by washing with,
  • Fibers made by the invention are. very well crimped and have a rough, uneven, ribbon like or knotted and swollen surface. These qualities render the product suitable as a substitute for wool in high. degree.
  • a cuprammonia cellulose solution containing 7 .2 per cent of ammonia and 3 per cent of copper is spun in a spinning funnel which is 1.8 meters long by the stretch-spinning method in water at a temperature of 40 C.
  • the thread leaves the spinning tube with a content 01' copper amounting to 35 per cent calculated on the cellulose. It is next passed to an apparatus for cutting to staple length. In the cut condition the threads are treated in a water bath at 100 C. and then subjected in the usual manner to treatment with acid and water.
  • the dried fibers are found under the microscope to have a varying crosssection and knots and swellings. These qualities and their crimped condition give them a woolly appearance.
  • Example 2 The operation is the same as that described in Example 1, but thereisthe variation that during the coagulation in the spinning tube the threads already receive a mild treatment with acid. Corresponding with the concentration of this acid the threads leave the spinning tube with a percentage of copper below 35. The freshly spun threads are then further treated in the manner described in Example 1. Whether a hot water bath or a hot concentrated salt solution is used there is produced a strongly crimped fiber of woolly appearance.
  • a process which comprises spinning threads from a solution of cuprammonia cellulose, coagulating aid threads stretching said threads during coagulation, relieving the stretch on. said threads, treating said threads with a hot aqueous liquid at a temperature of from 80 to 130 C. decopperizing and washing said threads.
  • a process which comprises spinning threads from a solution of cuprammonia cellulose, coagulating said threads stretching said threads during coagulation, cutting said threads into staple lengths and subjecting said threads to the action of a hot aqueous liquid at a temperature of from 80 to 130" C., decopperizing and washing said threads.
  • a process which comprises spinning threads from a solution of cuprammonia cellulose, coagulating said threads stretching said threads during coagulation, cutting said threads into staple lengths and subjecting said threads to the action oiwater of a temperature of 80 to 100 C., decopperizing and washing said threads.
  • a process which comprises spinning threadsfrom a solution of cuprammonia cellulose, coagu: lating said threads stretching said threads during coagulation, cutting said threads into staple lengths and subjecting said threads to the action of a concentrated aqueous salt solution at a temperature of 80 to 130 C., decopperizing and washing said threads.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US153058A 1936-08-07 1937-07-10 Process of producing crimped artificial fibers from cuprammonia cellulose solutions Expired - Lifetime US2153031A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE218044X 1936-08-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2153031A true US2153031A (en) 1939-04-04

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ID=5831070

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US153058A Expired - Lifetime US2153031A (en) 1936-08-07 1937-07-10 Process of producing crimped artificial fibers from cuprammonia cellulose solutions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2153031A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH218044A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR825390A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB481136A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL46742C (en:Method)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2420033A (en) * 1941-09-10 1947-05-06 Robert A Fairbairn Method and apparatus for separating fibers
US2558732A (en) * 1947-09-04 1951-07-03 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing staple fiber from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile
US3988085A (en) * 1975-11-24 1976-10-26 Krchma Ludwig C Apparatus for forming uniform shaped particles of thermoplastic material
US5267845A (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-12-07 Polysource, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing expandable polystyrene (EPS) pellets
US6592350B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2003-07-15 Berstorff Gmbh Underwater pelletizer with separator
US20080178985A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Apparatus and method for making fiber reinforced sheet molding compound

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1156975B (de) * 1960-02-20 1963-11-07 Bemberg Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Folien aus Kupferoxydammoniak-Cellulose-Loesungen

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2420033A (en) * 1941-09-10 1947-05-06 Robert A Fairbairn Method and apparatus for separating fibers
US2558732A (en) * 1947-09-04 1951-07-03 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing staple fiber from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile
US3988085A (en) * 1975-11-24 1976-10-26 Krchma Ludwig C Apparatus for forming uniform shaped particles of thermoplastic material
US5267845A (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-12-07 Polysource, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing expandable polystyrene (EPS) pellets
US5573790A (en) * 1992-05-13 1996-11-12 Polysource Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing expandable polystyrene (EPS) pellets
US6592350B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2003-07-15 Berstorff Gmbh Underwater pelletizer with separator
US20080178985A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Apparatus and method for making fiber reinforced sheet molding compound
US7691223B2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2010-04-06 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Apparatus and method for making fiber reinforced sheet molding compound

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR825390A (fr) 1938-03-02
GB481136A (en) 1938-03-07
CH218044A (de) 1941-11-30
NL46742C (en:Method)

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