US2143993A - Low pressure fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

Jan 17, 1939. K, MCCONNELL 2,143,993

LOW PRESSURE FUEL BURNER Filed July 2'7, 1956 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 17, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Richard K. McConnell, Oklahoma City, Okla., assignor to Phillips Petroleum Company, a corporation of Delaware Application July 27, 1936, Serial No. 92,886

1 Claim.

The present invention relates to fuel burners, and more particularly to low pressure burners for gaseous fuels.

Present day fuel burners employing gaseous substances as the combustible medium, and known to applicant, require relatively high gas pressures for their satisfactory and efilcient operation. Pressures from 15 pounds per square inch and up are generally required.

In many instances, however, the available gas pressure is much lower than the minimum pres-. sure of 15 pounds per square inch, thus resulting in inefficient and unsatisfactory burner operation, and in many instances, when extremely low pressures are encountered, the inefficiency is so pronounced that furnace temperatures or boiler steam pressures cannot be maintained.

It is of course obvious that a result such as above described requires that the gas pressure be raised which in turn raises the cost of gas tothe operator. I

In well drilling in particular, low gas pressures are frequently encountered thereby causing serious losses to the drilling contractor who must have adequate steam pressure at all times to return a profit. Cessation of drilling operations even for a short time while awaiting adequate steam pressure means a substantial loss to the contractor and may mean'a subsequentloss to the producer if the well is not completed in time.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a burner requiring relatively low gas pressures for efiicient operation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas burner in which a satisfactory mixture of gas and air may be obtained even at low operating pressures.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a burner of simple construction, economical and easy to operate and of low cost.

Other objects and advantages of applicant's invention willbe apparent from a consideration of the specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, in which Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the burner,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view, taken on the line 2.-2 of Fig. 1; looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, 10 indicates a burner section which may be employed as a single unit or may be used in conjunction with other sections to form a burner block. An individual section, or a series of such interconnected sections may be installed in the firebox and the other faces the firebox interior.

and cemented in a wall thereof in such manner that one face is exposed to the furnace exterior The burners may be placed in an upright position, a horizontal position, or in any other position dictated by the type. of furnace or boiler in which the burner is to be used, it being understood that the burner will operate in any position. A burner body or frame is indicated at II which is hollow to provide a fuel chamber M (Fig. 2), provided 1 with sides H and faces l2 and I3, which is in communication with another burner section or with a source of supply, through the conduits l5, which in the present instance are indicated as nipples provided with screwthreads 16. -While the burner body H is shown as of box-like configuration, it is obvious that other shapes may be substituted. A series of oppositely disposed apertures H in the faces l2 and I3, connected by tubular members It, form fuel mixing conduits 20 in which gas and air are properly intermixed prior to combustion. Each of these conduits is provided with a cylindrical portion 2| extending for a portion of its length, and which terminates in an abrupt shoulder 22 which in turn joins with a tapered portion 23 terminating in the burner face l2. A fuel jet or port 24 in the form of a bore extending through the wall of each of the tubular members l8 at an acute angle to the axis thereof, terminates in the shoulder 22 and serves to inject gas from the chamber l4 into the mixing conduit 20 in such a manner and at such an angle that the direction of flow will intersect the axis of the mixing conduit at a point within the tapered portion 23 but adjacent the flame opening in the face 12, whereby a thorough mixing of gas and air is obtained even though the gas pressure is of a low order.

It is to be understood that the burner may be cast or otherwise formed, and that the jets 24 may be drilled through the conduit walls after completion of the body portion.

In operation a burner section or a series of interconnected burner sections are sealed into the firebox opening with cement so that the face 45 I2 faces the interior and the face IS, the exterior of the firebox. It will now be evident that air for supporting combustion must pass through the burner apertures l1 and the mixing conduits 20 under the influence of the furnace draft. As 50 this air passes through the conduits 20, it is intermixed with the proper portion ofgas issuing from the jet 24. Thorough mixing is accomplished by conducting the air, at the point of gas admission, through the tapered portion 23 of the 55 In some instances, additional air may be supplied by cementing the burner block loosely in the firebox opening.

Applicant's burner" has proved its eflicacy on pressures as low as 0.5 pound per square inch and excellent results are obtained on pressures of from 1 to 3 pounds. 0n actual installations,

not only have burners embodying the present invention operated successfully on gas pressures within the range above stated, but more complete mixing as indicated by flue gas analyses and increased boiler ratings over replaced high pressure burners indicate the desirability of utilizing burner of this type operating at low pressure, in many installations, even when high pressure gas is available. In actual tests it has been determined that applicants burner consumes about 18% less fuel per B. H. P. than the burner previously used and the developed B. H. P. was increased 25% The foregoing specification and drawing forming a part thereof describe a preferred embodiment of my invention, but it is to be understood that applicant intends to limit his invention only by the scope of the subjoined claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

In a low pressure gas burner for firing a boiler, a hollow body forming a gas chamber for the reception of gas from a source, a conduit defined by walls extending through said chamber from one side of said body to the other, said conduit thus presenting an entrance at one side of said body and an exit at the other side of said body, said conduit having a portion of uniform cross section extending inwardly from said entrance to a point intermediate its length, said conduit being enlarged at this point to present a shoulder, said conduit walls tapering from said shoulder to said exit, a bore in said walls connecting said gas chamber and said conduit, said bore opening in said conduit in a port located on said shoulder, the direction of said bore being such that a line therethrough extended, intersects the axis of the tapered conduit-at a point within the tapered portion but adjacent the exit.

RICHARD K. Mccomzm.

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