US2386882A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

3nventoxs L5. ea gan Filed June 29, 1944 L. S. REAGAN ETAL COMBUSTIONAPABATUS Oct. 16, 1945.

Patented Oct. 16, 1945 UNITED. sMTE r COMBUSTION APPARAIUS Loch S.'Reag*afi and John c. Wallis, Tulsa, Okla.', assignors to Vebster Engineering Company, Tulsa, Okla., a corporation of Delaware. Application June 29, 1944, Serial No. 542,679

3 Claims.

The present invention relates to gas burners of the type embodying a multi-ported burner block in a draft duct. Burners of this type have special utility in connection with steam boiler furnaces but as heretofore designed have been subject to the drawback that fiame pulsations readily occur in the fumace firebox. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved burner of the type indicated which shall not be subject to the dificulty mentioned.

For a consideration of what is believed to be novel and our invention, attention is directed to the following specification and the claimg appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawing wherein the preferred form of the invention is shown,

Fig. 1 shows the improved burner in partial side elevation and Vertical section and as pitioned in a horizontal draft passage in the vertical wall of a combustion chamber.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the burner viewed from the right in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the fuel nozzles arrangq.- in a somewhat difierent pattern as regards their angularity With respec to each other.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary detail views of certain details of construction.

In the drawing, l0 indicates an upright side wall of a combustion chamber of a steam boiler furnace. In this wall Il), there is a horizontal passage 1 l wherein the burner of the present invention is positioned te lire into the combustion space or ohamber at the right of the wall 10 as viewed in Fig. 1.

The improved burner comprises an air duct or casing l2 adapted to be positioned in the passage Il. Louvres 13 in a frame l4 at the outer end of the duct control the entry of air into the duct and a multi-ported burner block [5 at the inner end of the duct divides the main air stream into a plu rality of separate streams, the ports or apertures in the block being indicated at 16 and being shown as of the square type and as being arranged in vertical and horizontal rows, this being the preferred arrangement. The burner black is made of refractory material supported in a dished frame 11 fixedly secured to the walls of the casing 12 in any preferred way as by spot welding.

The fuel supply pipe is indicated at H! and extends into the casing l2 to a transversely extend ing header l9 closed at both ends. In gas connection with this header is a plurality of gas distribi1ting tubes 20, one tube for each horizontal C.Il

row of air ports [6. As shown in Fig. 5 the tubes 20 are preferably welded to the header l9.

Each tube 20 has a row of elongated gas nozzles 2l extending therefrom, one nozzle for each adjacent air port 16. It is important that the nozzles be maintained in predetermined fixed position with respect to the burner block 15. A simple expedient for this purpose comprises (sec Fig. 4) clamp bars 22 for clamping the ends of the distributing tubes 20 to vertical spacing bars 23 secured to the back of the frame 11 as by screws 24. Clamping screw for the bars 22 are indicated at 25. As best shown in Fig. 6, each nozzle 2l comprises a removable tip or spud 26 to facilitate changing of the discharge area of the nozzle as the special conditions of each burner application may require as, for example, the particular kind of gas that is available, etc.

In the present invention, each gas nozzle 2l is so arranged with respect to the adjacent air port l6 that the gas will be fed into said port one side only of the air stream passing through the port, the nozzle for this purpose having its discharge end in relatively close proximity t0 a spot on the inner surface of the air port and being arranged to discharge towards said spot at a relatively small angle of incidence, the preferred angle being about 23. This manner of adding the fuel to the air efiectively prevents fiame pulsations from occurring in the furnace combustion chamber and may be said to constitute the distinguishing feature of the present invention. Also by thus causing the fuel t0 fiow in contact with the inner surface of the air port, intermixing of the fuel layer next to said surface is sufiiciently delayed to provide in close proximity to the discharge end of said surface a pilet fiame Which tends to hug said end and Which, therefore, cannot be blown oi regardless of how much the rate of fiow of air through the,air port may vary due to varying draft conditions.

It will readily be appreciated that because the air and fuel flow side by side in the respective air ports the combustion flame tends to .be relatively long. However, in accordance With the present invention, the length of fiame can be varied by varying the angular pattern of the nozzles With respect to each other. 'Ihus, in Fig. 2, all of the nozzles in any one horizontal row are shown as parallel to each other but in adjacent rows they point alternately up and clown. This particular angularity of nozzles between adjacent rows produces a fiame pattern that is shorter than would be the case if the nozzles in adjacent rows all pointed in the same general direction as, for example, upwardly or downwardly or sideways. A

stil1 shorter fiame pattern Wil1 resuIt if the nozz1es of each horizontal row point alternately in converging and diverging directions. A typical arrangement is shown in Fig. 3, it being noted that in this figure the nozzles point alternately in converging and diverging directions in horizontal planes. HQWever, the planes mightjust as we ll b.e vertical: r

From the foregong description it should be clear that the present invention provides a unique type of burner well adapted forits intended purpose. 7

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a burner for supplying air and fuel gas t0 a furnace chamber, the combination of a burner block having a. multiplicity ofports through which the combustion air fiows to said chamber, and a, gas discharge nozzle for each port, the discharge end of the nozzle being positioned so close to one wall of the port that the air gap therebetween is negligible and the angle of incidence of the gas jet on said wall being s0 small that the gas jet tends to maintain its stream integ ritg for, a. substantial distance along said wall, whereby intermixing of the air and ga,s proceeds rlatively slowly in the port.

2. In the combinaticn specified in claim 1, the said angle of incidence being about 23.

3. In the, combination specified in claim 1, the said gas discharge nozzIes pointing in various difl5. rections with. respect to each other.

LEON S. REAGAN. JOHN C. WALLIS.

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