US2132754A - Jig - Google Patents

Description

4 sheets-sheet 1 .//vl/E/VTOR RICHARD D Nici-101.5,

ATTY

Oct. 11, y1938. R. D. NICHOLS JIG original Filed Jan. 22, 195e Oct. l1, 1938.

R. D, NICHOLS 2,132,754

JIG

Original Filed Jan. 22, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet; 2

ATT'Y. y

Oct. l1, 1938. R. D. NICHOLS JIG origina; Filed Jan. 22, 1956 4 sheets-sheet 5 l .//y VENTOR: RICHARD VDN :C HQL?,JV`

ATT'Y R. D. NICHOLS y 2,132,754

JIG

Original Filed Jan. 22, 1936 4 sheets-sheet 4 zllllili FLow //v WEA/Tw? RICHARD D. NICHOLS,

Patented Oct. 11, 1938 PATENT FFIE JIG Richard D. Nichols, Columbus, Ohio, assigner to The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Ohio Application January 22, 1936, Serial No. 60,285 Renewed April 5, 1938 6 Claims.

This invention relates to a jig of the Baum type and particularly to means for deriving a desired time-velocity water curve in such a jig using the usual type of air control valve.

o AnV object of the invention is to provide cam operated means for periodically controlling the rate of water ow into a jig, in synchronism with the water pulsations thereof thereby to modify or modulate the time-velocity water curve otherl() wise obtained.

Another object of the invention is to provide means supplemental to the usual air control valve of a Baum type jig, to effect a variation in the time-velocity water curve usually obtained,

l thereby to produce an impr-oved separation of refuse and clean coal in a jigging operation.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel features and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional elevational view of a jig comprising my invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal elevational view of the jig of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is va sectional plan View taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is an elevational View of a common type of air control valve used in the jig of my invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevational view of the Valve of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an elevational view of a cam controlled Valve operating mechanism comprising a feature of my invention, and taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. '7 is a sectional end View of the mechanism of Fig. 6 taken on the line 1 of Fig. 6 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a water control valve which is controlled by the mechanism of Figs. 6 and 7; I

Fig. 9 is an end elevational view of the Valve of Fig. 8; and

Fig. 10 shows a set of curves representing a desired time-velocity of Water flow and a development of the cam necessary to modify or modulate a sine wave shape of time-velocity curveto obtain said desired time-velocity curve.

5o In an application, Serial No. 736,443, filed July 23, 1934, by Byron M. Bird for a Method of jigging there was disclosed a new and improved method of jigging whereby there was produced an improvedshape of time-velocity curve of water flow with respect to a bed of materials to produce a more complete separation of coal and refuse than was possible by prior known devices. The jig herein disclosed and comprising my invention is adapted to be adjusted to carry out the method of jigging disclosed in that application. That is, 5' I have provided a new and improved type of apparatus for carrying out the method of jigging disclosed and claimed in said'application of Byron M. Bird.

In the familiar form of Baum type jig, it is l0 known that under normal conditions of operation, and neglecting from consideration the inflowing water to the jig, which is constant, that a timevelocity curve, which represents the pulsations of water upwardly and downwardly through the jig 15 screen, will be substantially a sine wave. It has been discovered by Byron M. Bird and disclosed in the above mentioned application, that improved results may be obtained by modifying ci modulating the sine wave time-velocity curve to 20 obtain a particular type of curve disclosed in that application.

A desirable form of this improved time-velocity curve is also illustrated in Fig. 10 of the drawings, in which figure there is also shown a curve repre- 25 senting the inward flow of water to the jig hutch whereby the usual sine wave, which would be obtained from the common type of Baum jig, is modified to produce said desired time-velocity curve. Referring to said Fig. l0 the curve 20 30 represents the time-velocity curve which would be obtained in the jig of the usual Baum type, and represents substantially a sine wave. Curve 2| represents the improved type of time-velocity curve which I desire to produce in accordance 35 with the method disclosed in the above mentioned application of Byron M. Bird. To produce the curve 2| I modify or modulate the sine wave 20 by introducing water into the jig hutch as represented by thc curve 22. That is, instead of 40 providing a uniform inflow of water to the jig hutch I regulate this inflow o-f water cyclically and in synchronism with the sine wave curve 20 as indicated by the curve 22.

It is to be noted that the reference line for the 45 curve 22 is marked 0 water ow while the reference line for the curves 2|0 and 2| is marked 0 velocity. Considering these curves for a moment, it is to be noted that toproduce curve 2| it is only necessaryy to add curves 20 and 22, and 50 therefore I may make curve 2| of substantially any shape by appropriate variations in curve 22, which curve 22 may be obtained by controlling a water valve through an appropriate cam as will be hereinafter described in more detail. 55

, ment of fluid during the suction At the zero position of curves 28 and 2| the water ow into the hutch, as indicated by curve 22, is approximately at a medium value. At the position indicated by numeral 'l the water flow into the hutch is at a minimum and said watei` flow is almost completely shut off. At the position indicated between I4' and l5 the water flow into the hutch is a maximum.

Briefly described, it may be noted that curve 2| rises more gently than does the sine curve 28' during the initial period. It is alsoto be noted that the peak of curve 2| is a smooth rounded curve with a radius of curvature less than the radius of curvature of curve 28. It is also to be noted that the slope of the curve 2| following the peak value is greater than the slope of curve 23. it is further to be noted that the maximum absolute value of the negative portion of curve 2i is less than the maximum absolute value of curve 2i?. It is, furthermore, to be particularly noted that during the latter part oiY curve 2l it very gradually approaches the reference line indicating very small downward velocities. The advantages of this type of curve areV pointed out in detail in the above mentioned application of Byron M. Bird.

Brieiiy described, the relatively slow increase in velocity during the initial portion of what is termed the pulsion period, followed by a rapid increase in velocity to lift the bed which is followed by a substantially simultaneous opening of the entire bed. The rapid decrease in velocity from the maximum value during the pulsion period prevents a prolonged period during which the bed is entirely open, which, ii permitted, will result in a classier action with the consequent undesirable stratification of small refuse particles with larger coal particles.

The relatively low velocities during the latter part of the suction period represented by the negative portion of the curve prevent undue packing of the bed due to a sustained downward moveperiod. If this sustained downward movement were permitted, it would tend to close the bed so tightly that it could not be completely and satisfactorily opened during the pulsion period.

The specific apparatus comprising my invention for obtaining this desirable time-velocity curve, as seen at 2|, is disclosed in Figs. c to 9 of the drawings. Referring to Figs. l, 2 and 3 there is seen a jig of the Baum type which, except for structural differences which will be specifically7 pointed out hereinafter, may follow the construction of the jig disclosed and claimed in the application of Byron M. Bird and Ernst F. Muller, Serial No. 876, filed January 8, 1935. Said jig comprises a main base frame 23 upon which is mounted a tank 24 which may be formed into three separate compartments 25, 26 and 27. Mounted upon the base frame 23 is an upper frame 2S upon which is mounted a motor driven blower 29 having a conduit 33 leading to an air reservoir 3|. From the air reservoir 3| there extend a plurality of conduits 32, two foreach of the compartments 25, 26 and 21. 32 each lead to an air control valve 33, which valve controls the admission of air to an air chamber 34. Each of the compartments 25, 2t and 2"! is divided into a sub-compartment by an appropriate partition. The partition which divides compartment 25 into sub-compartments is seen at 35 in Fig. 1. It will be understood that in general the structure of compartment 25 illustrated in Fig. l would apply for the compartments Y 33, is provided by virtue of Said conduits 26 and 2l as well. As there are three main compartments, each of which is divided into a subcompartmenhit will be evident that there are six sub-compartments for the complete jig, and thus there will be six air controlled valves designated by the reference character 33.

The structure of the air controlled valve 33 is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 and comprises a casing 36 having an inner cylindrical wall 3'1 within which reciprocates a hollow piston 38. The casing 35 is provided with a plurality of circumferential exhaust ports 39 adapted to be opened simultaneously when piston 38 is in its upper position, by virtue of a plurality of slots 49 in said piston 38. That is, when the piston 38 is in its upper position the two groups of slots 40 will cooperate with the two top groups of ports 39 to provide a connection from the interior of the casing 36 to atmosphere. Communication to atmosphere through the lower group of ports the fact that the 38 uncovers these illustrated in Fig. 5 38 will close all of lower portion of the piston ports. When in the position of the drawings the piston the ports 39 and will provide an opening from air receiving chamber 4| to the inerior of the casing 33. It will be evident that the chamber 4| will be connected to an air receiving conduit 32 and when the valve is in the position illustrated in Fig. 5 the air chamber 34 of the jig will be supplied with air from the reservoir 3|. It is also obvious that when the piston 38 is moved to its upper position, communication from air reservoir 3| will he shut olf and air chamber 34 will be allowed to exhaust to atmosphere by virtue of the. uncovering of ports 38. It will thus be evident that by the cyclic operation of the valve 33 air will be periodically admitted under pressure to air chamber 34 thereby to force the jigging water in the hutch of the jig, that is in the tank 24, upwardly through a material supporting screen 42 of the jig. When the valve is operated to exhaust the chamber 34 as aforesaid, the water will move downwardly through the screen 42 into the hutch of the jig.

In order to operate the valves 33 cyclically and in synchronism I provide a pair of shafts 43, 44 which may be driven from a motor 45 through appropriate gear reduction mechanism 46. Each of the valves 33 will be operated from the shaft 43 or the shaft 44 by an eccentric mechanism It will thus be obvious that all of the valves 33 will be operated cyclically and in synchronism.

The normal cycle of operation of the valves 33 pulsating water which moves upwardly and downwardly through the screen-42, such as curve 2i? of Fig. l0. -.T n to modify'or modulate-this sine wave curve I provide means for cyclically varying the inow of water to each sub-compartment of the jig operating in synchronism with the valve 33, whereby a curve, like curve 2i may be produced. This means may comprise a water supply main 48 from which extend a plurality of conduits, six in number, which lead to individual cam operated water controlled valves 49 which control the iiow of water from the main 48 to each said jig sub-compartment through a conduit 50, which may also contain an individual hand operated valve5| The structure a sine wave form of time-velocity .i

is so constructed that the trolled valves .ew of fluid therethrough under constant pressure will be directly proportional to the movement of the gate 54. Operation of said gate 54 may be through a shaft 55 which extends from the casing 52 through a packing gland 56.

To operate each of the control valves 49 cyclically and in synchronism-with the valves 33 I provide a shaft 51 which is operated from shaft 44 through chain and sprocket drive mechanism It may also be mentioned that associated with each of the jig compartments 25, 26 and 21 there is a refuse control mechanism 59 which is 0perated from a common shaft 60 driven from shaft 44 through chain and sprocket mechanism 6|.v Said refuse control mechanism 59 is disclosed in complete detail and claimed in the above mentioned application of Byron M. Bird and Ernst F. Muller.

For operating each of the individual water control valves 49 from the common' shaft 51 I provide a cam operating mechanism 62 shown in detail in Figs. 6 and '7. The cam of this mechanism may be the same for' each of the six sub-compartments or it kmay be different for each sub-compartment or for each of the three compartments. It may be desirable to give a different treatment to the material treated in the second and/ or third compartments from that given the material in a previous compartment. If this is desired different cams may be employed for the different compartments or sub-compartments as aforesaid.

As seen in Figs. 6 and 7, there is mounted upon shaft 51 a cam 63 which may have an inner bearing surface 64 and an outer bearing surface 65, between which rolls a roller 66, which roller is carried upon a shaft 61 adjustably mounted in an elongated slot 68 in a lever arm 69 pivoted to a stationary bracket 10 carried upon the jig frame. The lower end of the lever arm 69 is pivotally attachedto the shaft 55 of the water controlled valve 49 by a link 1I.

It will be obvious that upon rotation of the shaft 51 the shaft 55 of water controlled valve 49 will adjust the size of the orifice of said valve 49 as determined by the shape of cam 63. It will be evident that this cam 63 may be given any desired shape and said cam may be formed in the following manner. Having determined the desired shape of the curve 2 I, the curve 22 is plotted to represent the difference between curves 2U and 2l about the reference line 0 velocity. Having obtained curve 22 a circle may be drawn about the axis of shaft 51 or about the center of the hub of cam 63 and eighteen equally spaced radial lines drawn therethrough. Curve 2l may then be divided into eighteen equal parts as indicated in Fig. 10, and the distance' of said curve from a Zero water iiow reference line measured. With reference to Fig. 10, the eighteen equally spaced lines will represent a development of the eighteen equal angular positioned lines of Fig. 6. By measuring the distance between the zero water iiow line of Fig. 10 and the curve 22, and laying off this distance or a proportional distance on corresponding radial lines, the shape of the cam 63 can be derived. This is a well-known method of designing a cam and needs no further detailed explanation.

In addition to those elements previously described it is also to be noted that associated with the water supply main 48 is an air chamber 12, which has a short conduit leading to said water supply main 48 adjacent each of the water con- 49. The air chamber 12 insures a substantially constant pressure in the main 48 adjacent each valve 49 thereby `insuring a water ow into the sub-compartment of the jig, as determined by the opening of the individual controlled valves 49.

It may also be noted that in the bottom of the tank 24, and common to all of the compartments thereof, there is a screw conveyor 14, which conveys hutch refuse to one of three elevators 15, 15 or11 individual to the compartments 25, 26 and 21 respectively. Said elevators 15, 'F6 and 11 not only remove the hutch refuse, but also receive and remove the separated refuse directed thereto by the individual refuse controlled mechanisms 59. Each of the individual sub-compartments is also provided with a uid flow controlled plate 18 which may be adjusted by a rod 19 to control the flow of jigging water through the screen 42. This feature is disclosed and claimed in the above mentioned application of Byron M. Bird and Ernst F. Muller.

In the operation of the device air will be periodically supplied to the individual air chambers 34 of the sub-compartments of compartments 25, 26 and 21; first, to force liquid'upwardly through the screen 42, and then'to be exhausted from said air chambers to permit the fluid to flow downwardly through said screen. All the while raw coal will be fed to the feed chute 86 of the jig and clean coal will be discharged from the discharge chute 8| thereof. At the same time and in synchronism therewith the instantaneous rate of water ilow to each subcompartment of the jig will be controlled by a cam operated water control valve 49 thereby to produce 'a time-velocity curve as represented at 2l in Fig. l0. As a consequence, the received raw coal will be stratified into strata of clean coal and refuse, the refuse accumulating adjacent the screen 42 with the clean coal on top thereof. The automatic refuse control mechanism 59 of each compartment will operate to maintain a predetermined depth of refuse bed on each screen 42 and will discharge the refuse into the boot of the elevator mechanisms 15, 16 or 11 associated with the individual compartment. Thus a continuous method of cleaning coal will be carried out involving an improved type of time-velocity curve in accordance with the invention disclosed and claimed in the above mentioned appliaction of Byron M. Bird.

While the jig herein disclosed is of the Baum type, it is to be understood that it may be of the diaphragm type in which a pulsating diaphragm is placed in the bottom of the tank, or it may be a plunger type of jig in which a pulsating piston causes the jigging operation of the liquid.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims hereto appended, and I therefore wish not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a jig, the combination with a tank adapted to contain a jigging liquid, of means` including a screen in said tank over which material is to flow and be cleaned by a jigging operation, cyclically operating means adapted to cause said liquid to move relative to said screen, to provide pulsion and suction periods, means for supplying liquid to said tank to compensate forI that which iiows therefrom in the jigging operation, and means for cyclically varying the rate of flow of said liquid into said tank in synchronism with said cyclically operating means, said last named means comprising a cyclically operated cam controlling a valve in a liquid supply line leading to said tank and formed to provide a time-liquid inflow curve having a diiferent shape during the pulsion and suction periods. Y

2. In a jig, the combination with a tank adapted to contain a jigging liquid, a partition dividing said tank into compartments, means including a screen in one compartment over Which material is to flow and be cleaned by a jigging operation, a source of air supply connected to said other compartment, periodically operated valve means for controlling said air supply and constructed and arranged periodically to admit air to said other compartment and to exhaust air therefrom, whereby said liquid Will have a pulsating movement relative to said screen providing pulsion and suction periods, and means for periodically controlling the rate of iiovv of liquid to said tank, thereby modifying the pulsating action of said liquid, said last named means operating in synchronism with said valve and being constructed and arranged to provide a time-liquid inlet curve which has an entirely different shape for the pulsion and suction periods.

3. In a jig, the combination with a tank adapt-- ed to contain a jigging liquid, a partition dividing said tank into compartments, means including a screen in one compartment over which material is to iiow and be cleaned by a jigging operation, a source of v air supply connected to said other compartment, periodically operated valve means for controlling said air supply and constructed and arranged periodically to admit air to said other compartment and to exhaust air therefrom, whereby said liquid will have a periodic pulsating movement relative to said screen, and means for periodically controlling the rate of ilcW of liquid to said tank at a non-symmetrical rate during each period, thereby modifying the pulsating action of said liquid.

4. In a jig, the combination With a tank adapted to contain a jigging liquid, a partition dividing said tank into compartments, means including a screen in one compartment over which material is to iioW and be cleaned by a jigging operation, a source of air supply connected to said .other'compartment, periodically operated valve means for controlling said air supply and constructed and arranged periodically to admit air to said other compartment and to exhaust air therefrom, whereby said liquid will have a pulsating movement relative to said screen, and means for periodically controlling the rate of flow of liquid to said tank, thereby modifying the pulsating action of said liquid, said last named means operating in synchronism with said valve, and comprising a Valve in a liquid supply line leading to said tank and means for adjusting the opening and closing thereof at a non-symmetrical rate.

5. In a jig, the combination with a tank adapted to contain ,a jigging liquid, a partition dividing said tank into compartments, means including a screen in one compartment over which material is to flow and Vbe cleaned by a jigging operation, a source of air supply connected to said other com- .partment, periodically operated valve means for controlling said air supply and constructed and arranged periodically to admit air to said other compartment and to exhaust air therefrom, v `iereby said liquid Will have a pulsating movement relative toV said screen, and means for periodically controlling the rate of flow of liquid to said tank, thereby modifying the pulsating action of said liquid, said last named means comprising a valve in a liquid supply line leading tc said tank and a cam for controlling it, said cam being constructed to provide non-symmetrical opening and closing rates for said valve.

6. In a jig, the combination with a tank adapted to contain a jigging liquid, of means including a screen in said tank over which material is to iiow and be cleaned by a jigging operation.,

' cyclically operated means adapted to cause said liquid to move relative to said screen, and additional cyclically operated means adapted to cooperate With said liquid to produce, with said iirst mentioned cyclically operated means, a motion of said liquid relative to said screen different from that Which would be produced by said first mentioned cyclically operated means if operated alone, said two cyclically operated means operating in synchronism, said second mentioned cyclically operated means including a cam constructed to provide non-symmetrical operation of said second mentioned means during successive half cycles of operation thereof.

RICHARD D. NICHOLS.

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