US1995414A - Plastering machine - Google Patents

Description

March 26, 1935. J, A. BLANKEN 1,995,414

PLASTERING MACHINE Filed Aug. 12, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY March 26, 1935. J. A. BLANKEN PLASTERING MACHINE Filed Ailg. 12, 1933 I I IN NTOR XIKEYQ oaw v ATTORNEY 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 26, 1935 mseeiase maxim i Abpiicatibh-Augdstl-Z} 1933; Serial Na 6845791 My invention relates to'a ln'acliine' fdf dliv ering plaste'r fro'rn asupfaly tankjeither'dire'ctls f or'it'o' a wall which is being plastered, or'tcapositien con venient" for the plasterer to apply the" plaster w; 5 the walls. I'haveshow'n-the invention embodied in or applied to a'portabl'e truck which"pe'riiiits the machine to be wheeled from onfe 'loatiori' to another and it is' preferably' of slicli'w'idth' as'to" permit it to'be'passed through doorways, sotl'ia't 10* it may be-move'd about a building'to beiii con- .venient location to the particular "room or' wall which is to be plastered;

It is desirable in machines of this"type','-t'o feed the plast'er regularly as desired; an'dat'th'e re:

quired speed; to properly' supply thew'orknianwith enough plaster to be'a'pp'lid tdthewallat whatever speedhe may operate; an'dthe present ma: chine is designed to accomplish this.

In'machines for feedingplaster-there "has be'en difliculty in feeding-theplaster as r'equ'ired avoiding compacting'or plugging 'oii-the plaster in--v the {machine and the various" pipes* and hfOSe'j through-which it passes';and the present machine meets-these requirements successfully.- c c To a great extent the method of'propellirigithe plaster through the machineand the hose has -a" great deal to do with the successful propulsion-of the-plaster; If-certain devicesyareused'iofipro; pellingthe plaster-, they will causemore or-1ess-* so separation -of *the- -1iquid and solid content of; the

material andcausethe-latter to plug up the hose as-well--as-parts oi the maehine.-, v It'is an objectofp-thepresent inyention-tofirst receive-"the plaster-{rem a-supply tankyhopper;orother containerinto the;s hell-of a 'pump; and to force-the plaster from this pump casing or shell, bymeans of apiston,--into-a-;1 ece iyer chamber tank; which'has approx-1111ately the :same capacity as;the pump; -sj -i lia a r ac str ken i e umpw 40 this chamber is filled with a charge of-plastei 1 iv nac am er I i 9 2, r -c P? diihil the charge is beingpumped therein, aiter which it is closed. A valve between the pumpand theireceiiliii' cHainBefi's' thii closed'ito prevent the "re;

other ipoin't and "may" be d a lanning-ails;

tioiiof the pu'm'p 7 Figure 6 is" asimilar Vie the time the and Figure '7 is 'a-sect 7--7of Figure'fi."

showizigithe puiiip ational"view"-takeri onthe line the" truck is shown as provided'with castefs df rollers 2 which permit it to' 'b'e 'wheelefalong a?" floor to place'it'ir'i "a convehieiitpositiontb'be fiear the work:- On-tliis truck there issi'ipported a?- framework 3fo1mir'ig an elevated suir'sp'o'rt for vari 40" ous parts of the machine: "'O'n tl'f uppefi awce the machine there is 'a-"tank -,0r; container? f6? holdinga' s'upply'" o"fplaster" or similar materialwhich is to bedistributed'bythe'machinegand ndesired the material; including theiiqui'd'orvskltef 4 and the plaster and' other" ingredients? may -e-i 7 mixed orstirred this container 'so that the mixai ing'ope'rationrwillitakeplaceatithe-niachinef I 6 which drivesan"='endless belt": meme newer 6* piston is making its upward stroke? engages also around the pulley wheel 8 which is fixed to a shaft 9 and is mounted cross wise of the machine in suitable bearings 10.

and drives the worm gear 18 and through this the shaft 19 which runs longitudinally of the machine is driven at a much lower speed than .15

the speed of the motor. On this shaft 19 to the right in Figures 1, 3 and 4, there. is fixed a sprocket wheel 20 which drives the endless chain 21 and this chain in turn drives the sprocket wheel 22 which is fixed to the shaft 23. The latter extends into the tank 4 and is supplied with the usualpropeller device (not-shownl-for mixing the material contained within the feeding tank. Even though the material may be mixed at somelocation other than the machine, it is desirable to agitate the material within the tank in order to prevent separation of the moisture arid solid] content beforethe material is deliv-..

ered from the machine.

At the left-Figure 1 and Figure- 3 I have shown an ordinary compressor 24 which is driven from asecond pulley-25 onthe shaft of the motor,

, by means; ofan endlc ss belt'26 travelling over this pulley and also travelling over a pulley 2'7 on theshaft of the compressor. 1 have not shown the interior constructionof the compressor becausethe ordinary stock compressor may -be used for this purpose. 7 The air compressed in the compressor is delivered by means of a; pipe; 28 to a pressure tank 29 in which the. compressed air is stored under pressure until fed to the receiving chamber, to be hereinafter de scribed.

I have found that in the operation of a machine of this type it is desirable to maintain the air in the compression tank 29 at about thirty or thirty-five pounds; that if the pressure ex-' ceeds; this to a great extent, ;the'machine;will

not operate as satisfactorily and there .is a tendencyof the liquid and solid contents to be separated. V c I At the front end of the machine I have shown mounted on theframework 30 a vertical or upstanding post 31 at about the middle of the machine. This post ,or standard forms a support for variousmovable'parts as will bexdescribed. I

have shown mounted on a stud shaft32. at the upper endof the standard, a lever having one arm 3,3,extendin'g to the left in Figure 2, and-to the free end .of-lwhich is pivotally, connected a pistonv rod 34the lower end of which piston is connected. with the piston of a pump.

The other arm 35 of this leverhas pivotally connected with it a link 36 and the. other end of thislink isjpivotallyconnected with a cam disc 37 which ismounted on the shaft. The cam disc 37. is revolved :in the. direction. indicated by the arrow inFigure 2 because it is fixed to one end of the longitudinal shaft 19 which has previously beendescribed-and which: isdriven from the motor;;by the belts andpulleys above described.

The revolving motion of the cam disc 3'7 causes this discto act as a crank and to operate the link 36 ;'f or the purposeof rocking :the lever 33, 35 thus movingthe pump pistonup and down. i

. Attheleftin Figure 2 andin Figures 5 to 7 On this same shaft.

purpose of opening the-valve. V

54 of this lever is connected by a wire or rod 55' with one. arm 56-of a bell ,crank which is pivoted I'have shown a simple form of pump casing 38 consisting of a cylinder which at the bottom end has connected thereto a pipe or hose 39 through which the material is discharged by the action of the pump.

There is arranged to move vertically up and down in this pump casing a piston 40 which is shown as in the form of a circular disc of slightly smaller diameter than the bore of the casing 38. This piston is pivotally connected as shown at 41 by a hinge pin which is pivotally mounted upon a plate 42 extending vertically and connected as by rivets. with the lower portion of the piston rod 34 which is the piston rod connected with the rocking lever described above.

Around the hinge pin 41 there is coiled the spring 43 one end of which engages the under side of the piston 40 for the purpose of applying slight'upward pressure to the latter in order to move it against the stop member 44 which is formed by bending the end of the piston rod, as

shown in Figure 6. a In this position the piston lies at right angles to the axis of the pump casing and is in position to force the material from the pump casing on-the downward stroke of the piston rod. The piston may be swung downwardly in opposition to the light spring 43 as shown in Figure 6 while the piston rod is moving upwardly, in order to allowthe piston to be moved 7 above thematerial in the pump casing.

VThere isa chuteor hopper 45 which is connected with one end of the supply tank 4 and into which the material from the tank feeds by gravity. The'lower and smaller end of this chute engagesthe upper end of the pump casing, as

shown in Figures 5 and6, so that the material is fed "down through this chute into the pump casing. r

At the right in Figure 2 I have shown a hollow I body 46 which forms a receiving chamber to receive the material which .is delivered by .the pump, in which the "material is momentarily stored until 'it is driven out bythe compressed air. This member is simply a hollow cylinder, and. between the lower end thereof and the lower end of thepump casingthere is aipipe 39 for thereto. At the upper endof the receiving chamber 46 there is anothervalve 49 which is also adapted to be operated by a lever arm 50 The purpose of this valve is to permit the discharge of air from the charging chamber while the 7 material is being forced therein by the pump in order that the'charging chamber may be filled with the material. This valve simply permits the discharge of air from the charging chamber into the open air.

There is a pipe or hose 51, one end of which is connected with the pressure tank 29 and it ex tends forwardly and is connected to the upper end of the charging chamber 46, preferably just below the valve 49. In this pipeor hose there.

is a valve 52 for controlling thesupply of comhas a vertically, moving; spindle 53 and this is operated by means of the lever 54 which is pivotedto a portion of the valve casing and it has one pressed air to the charging chamber. This valve arm 55 adapted to press on'the spindle for the 7 The other arm cam disc the lever arm 60 is'first swung upward-- ly and then moved downwardly following the roller or pin 62 part of the way.

The lower end of'thelever arm 60 is pivotally connected witha link 63 and the other end of this link is pivotally. connected with the lever armwhich operates thevalve 49. There is another link 64 having'one end connected pivotally with the same pin which unites the link 63 and the-lever arm 50. Theother end of this 1 link 64 is pivotally connected with a pin on the end of the valve 47.

lever arm 48) operates the 'The lower end-of; the charging chamber 46is provided with anozzle 65 and to this is connected" one end'ofa flexible hose fifi-which' is adapted to convey the material to the point of application. The other end of this hose may simply discharge the material into a receptacle where the plasterer is working, but 'preferably'there -is-a-fan shaped spout '67 connected with the end of-the hose, to

discharge the material through afltaentral'fslot or aperture inthe trowel"-68.; The qrneinber '67 is shown provided with handles 69 by which the operator may manipulate the trowel .in applying the plaster to a wall or'ceiling; I do not claim in the present case any patentable features in the trowel or nozzle.

Operation I Assuming the machine is in operation, that is,

the motor 5 is driving the various parts of the machine, the following operations will take place; that is to say, the compressor 24 is'continually driven through the pulley 25, the-belt 26, and the pulley 27, for the purpose ofcompressingair and feeding the compressed air to the compression tank 29 to maintain sufficient airpressure to.

7 drive the material in the manner hereinafter described. The pressure tank is connected by means i of the pipe 51 with the upper portion of the charging chamber 46 and is therefore ready to supply compressed airto the charging chamber whenever the valve 52 is operated for thispur pose. I 1

Through the pulley 6- the belt 7 and the pulley 8 the shaft 9 is driven and from there thepower is applied by the pulley 11, the belt 12, and the pulley 13, to the shaftv 14 which carries the worm 1'7. i

This worm operates-the worm gear 18 and therefore drives the longitudinally arranged shaft 19' at a speed which is much less; than the speed of the motor; due to the 1 reduction effected through the worm and worm gear drive. As the shaft 19 carries the cam disc- 37, the latteris op erated in synchronism with the other parts of themachine and as the lever 3 3, 35 is operated from, this cam disc the-pump piston is reciprocated vertically in synchronismaWith the cam disc.

nt each revolution of the; cam disc, the pistonrod 34 makes astroke first downwardly and then upwardly. When the piston rod'movesdo'w'm' wmdlywiththe lever arm 33 the piston is-cross:

wise of .the'pump casing and as this piston'zmoves downwardlyit forces the. material. which is below'it from the pump casing through: the: pipe39 and into the charging chamber 46. lyprefer'to so design the machinethat the. capacitybf :the

charging chamber will be the same or approxb. I

mately the same capacity as thetpump in order that it may receive and hold temporarily :the same quantity of material which. is discharged in one operation of the pump; Although these proportions -may be varied more or less, rend that when thisoharging chamber is about of thesame, capacityas the pump, the best. results are obtained because the charging chamber iszfilled atonestroke'of the pump and is discharged'while the pump ismaking its return stroke.

During the downward movement of the piston,

iii-

as well as. at other times, the materialin the,

hopper 45 has a tendency to flow down by gravity 1 into the pump casing sothatv when the piston is movingdownwardly toforce the material which Y is below the piston out of the pump casing, the material from the hopper is flowing into the pump casing above the piston.

I When the lever arm 33 makes. its upward movement and raises the piston rod 34 the piston iscaused to swing on its pivot 41 to the position shown in Figure 6 by reason of thefweight' of material which above the piston. This allows the piston to rise through the material which is" now about filling the pump casing and ;by the time the piston rod reaches its extreme upper posit-ion as shown in Figure 5, the piston will be swung by the spring 43 into the horizontal position shown in Figure 5. However, the piston'will operate in thismanner notwithstanding the spring althoughsomewhat later because as soon as the,

piston rod startson its downward motion the greatest pressure of the material is below the piston and this forces it into the horizontal position.

I-Icwever, Iprefer to use the light spring 43 in,

order to have the piston move to the horizontal- IlOSliZlOll while the pistonrod is in itsu'pper positron as shown in Figure 5.

motion of the lever 33, 35.

cylinder while the piston is making its downward stroke the pump casing is fillBd'il'llliil'lBlOl. downward stroke of the piston.

At each revolution of the cam discl37 thelever 66 is rocked upwardly and downwardly by means of the pin or roller'62 and this lever arm by reason ofthe links 63, 64 causes both'o'f the valves 52, 47 to be opened and closed at the same time] Furthermore, at each revolution of ;the

cam disc the cam 59 acts on the'bellcrank lever 58 torock it and thus act through the wire or link 55 to rock the lever 54 and thusopen and each.

These operations are repeated at eachr'ocking' The material .is some'-' what sluggish but since it is feeding intothe pump close the valve 52 whichcontr-ols the supply-of compressed air to the upper portionof the charging chamber. 7

These several operations are soitirned thatfthevalves 49 and 47 are heldopen during the time the piston is making its downward strokea'n'd therefore the material is drivenout of-the pump casing by the downward stroke'of' the pumnand is caused to travel through the pipe 39 and'tofill the charging chamber 46.. v

' While this operation. isitakingplacalthe' valve 45. is held open so that the 'air'in the charging chamber is allowed toescape-into. theopenuair' while :the material is. being forced-upwardlyfihto.

the charging chamber, thereby providing space for the reception of the material and allowing the charging chamber .to'be filled." This condition exists while the piston is making its complete downward stroke. At this time the valve 52 which controls the passage of compressed air into the charging chamber is closed, so that there is no compressed air in the chargingchamber while the charge isbeing pumped into it. While the piston is making its upward stroke, both of the valves 49, 47 are closed. When these valves are closed, the cam 59 on the cam disc acts on the bell crank 58 to rock the lever 54 and-thus open the valve 52. v

As'stated above, the valves 49,-47 are closed while the piston is making itsupward stroke. While the valve 52 is open, the compressedair rushes from the compression tank'through the pipe 51.and into the upper portion of the charging chamber; and this compressed air forces the charge of,material which had previously been supplied to the charging chamber, out of. the latter and through the hose 66 toa point where the material is being applied to a wall.

, As the valves 49, 4'7 are closed at this time, the

charge cannot pass back into the pump'casing and it is compelled to travel out through the ho' As the valve 49 is also closed while the compressed air is in the chargingchamber, the compressed air or the material in the charging cham ber cannot pass out of this release valve. At about the time the piston completes its upward stroke or prior thereto, the bell crank 58 rocks back to the position shown in Figure 2, so that the valve 52 is closed and the machineis ready for a repetition of the operations just described.

It will be apparent that the operation of the several valves is synchronized in relation to the operation of the pump and there is nothing to'de-, stroy or interfere with this synchronization.

It will be apparent that the action of themachine is intermittent or pulsating, but since the machine may operate rapidly, the pulsations are sufiiciently close together to produce a practically steady flow of material through the nozzle. It will be apparent that the mechanism described above may be duplicated by providing two'pumps and two charging chambers operating in alternation for the purposeof maintaining a substantially constant flow if it is found that the pulsations of the singlepump and charging chamber do not furnish a sufiiciently constant supply of material. However, I have found that a single pump and charging chamber produce a suificiently constant flow for all practical purposes.

The pump employed in this machine is very simple in construction and operation, which is a desirable featurein handling material such as plaster. It is not necessary that the piston fit snugly to the Wall of the pump shell because of the somewhat sluggish nature of the material andin order for the piston to be swung downwardly into the position shown in Figure 6 it cannot be made 3 to fit snugly to the pump shell when in the horizontal position shown in Figures and 7.

This type of pump, in addition to being very simple, also provides for the filling of the pump casing above the piston while the latter is making its downward stroke in order that there will be suflicient material below the piston at the time r the latter moves into the horizontal position shown the pump casing at all times, and the pump casing is practicallyfilled with the material at the time thepiston is making its upward stroke, as shown inFigure 6. .l

The machine is very simple and effective in its operation and the various parts operate in the necessary sequence and in synchronization with each other. By employing compressed air to drive the material from the charging chamber, the liquid and solid constituents of the material are not separated nor doany parts of themachine become pluggedor clogged by the material. By

the employment of a pump and a charging cham-.

ber I am enabled to charge the latter once with each, stroke of the pump and then to discharge completely the charging chamber while the pump charging chamber adapted to receive the material.

delivered by said pump,means for discharging air from said charging chamber while it is being charged withthe material by said pump and for closing said discharge during return strokes of the pump, and-means for delivering compressed air into said charging chamber during the return strokes of the pump to force the material from said charging chamber.

2. A machine for delivering fluid material, including means for holding the materiaL'a reciprocating pump for receiving the material and for propelling it, a charging chamber and means connecting said pump and charging chamber at one end oi the latter, means for discharging air from said charging chamber at the opposite end to which the material is fed thereto by saidpump and for closing said discharge during return strokes of. the pump, and .means for delivering compressed air into said charging chamber to force the material therefrom.

3. A machine for deliveringfluidmaterial, in-

cluding means for holding the material, a reciprocating pump for receiving the material and for propelling it, a charging chamber and means connecting said pump and charging chamber at one end of the latter, means for discharging air from said charging chamber "at the opposite end to which the material is fed thereto bysaid pump and for closing said discharge during return strokes of the pump, and means for delivering compressed air into said charging chamber at the opposite end to which'the material is delivered thereto 'by said pump for forcing the material from said charging chamber.

4. A machine for delivering fluid material, including means for holding the material, a reciprocating pumpfor receiving the material and for propelling it; a charging chamber and means connecting said pump and charging chamber at one end of the latter, means for discharging air' from said charging chamberat the opposite end to which the material is fed thereto by said pump and for closing said discharge during return strokes of the pump, and means for deliveringcompressed air into said charging chamber at the opposite end to which the material is delivered thereto by said pump for forcing the material" from said charging chamber, the capacity of said charging chamber corresponding approximately from and for propelling it, a charging chamber adapted to receive the material delivered by said pump, means connecting said pump with one end of said charging chamber, a valve controlling the passage between said pump and said charging chamber, a valve for discharging air from. said charging chamber, means for delivering compressed air into said charging chamber to force the material therefrom, a valve for controlling the delivery of compressed air to said charging chamber, and means for operating said severai valves so that said first two valves are opened While the pump is making its discharging stroke and are closed while the pump is makingits return stroke and so that the'compressed air valve is opened while the pump is making its return stroke and closed while the pump is making its discharge stroke.

6. A machine for delivering fluid-material, including means for holding the material, a reciprocating pump for receiving the material therefrom and for propelling it, a charging chamber and means connecting said pump and one end of said charging chamber to permit the flow of the material into the charging'chamber, a valve for controlling the passage of the material into said charging chamber, a valve adjacent the opposite end of said charging chamber for discharging air therefrom while the material is moving into said chamber, means for delivering compressed air to the end of said charging chamber to which said latter valve is connected, a valve for controlling the feed. of the compressed air to said charging chamber and means for operating said valves in timed relation whereby said first and second valves are opened during the driving stroke of said pump and closed during the return stroke of said pump and whereby said compressed air valve is opened while the pump is making its return stroke and closed while it is making its driving stroke.

7. A machine for delivering fluid material, including means for holding a supply of the material, a pump having a cylinder in continuous communication with said supply, a piston rod and a piston pivotally connected therewith, whereby said piston may lie crosswise of the cylinder during one stroke thereof, and move to a non-crosswise position during the opposite stroke of the piston rod, whereby the piston may move upwardly through the material on its return stroke,

and a charging chamber into which said pump is adapted to deliver the material, and means for delivering compressed air into said charging chamber to force the material therefrom.

, 8. A machine for delivering fluid material, including means for holding a supply of material; a pump having a cylinder for receiving the material from said supply, and a piston rod, for operating the pump, a rocking lever for operating said piston rod, a cam disc and means connecting it with'said lever whereby the cam disc rocks said lever, a charging chamber into which the material is adapted to be delivered by said pump, a valve controlling the passage of material between said pump and charging chamber, a valve for discharging air from said charging chamber while the charge is being fed thereto, means for delivering compressed air to said charging chamber, and a valve for controlling the same, and means all operated from said cam disc for operating said several valves.

9. A machine for delivering fluid material, in-

cluding means for holding a supply of material,

a reciprocating pump for receiving the material therefrom, a charging chamber and means connecting said pump and charging chamber, a valve controlling the passage of material between the pump and charging chamber, a valve for discharging air from said charging chamber, means for feeding compressed air to said charging chamber, and a valve for controlling the same, a'lever for operating said pump, a'cam disc and means connected therewith whereby. the cam disc acts through a crank motion to operate said lever, and a plurality of levers operated by said cam disc, one of said last levers connected with said first two valves and the other connected with the valve for feeding the compressed air to charging chamber.

10. A machine for delivering fluid material, including means for holding a supply of the material, a pump for receiving the material from said supply, a charging chamber and means for connecting said pump with one end of said charging chamber and provided with a valveto control the passage of material between the pump said

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