US2107387A - Vacuum tube with tank circuits - Google Patents

Vacuum tube with tank circuits Download PDF

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US2107387A
US2107387A US84967A US8496736A US2107387A US 2107387 A US2107387 A US 2107387A US 84967 A US84967 A US 84967A US 8496736 A US8496736 A US 8496736A US 2107387 A US2107387 A US 2107387A
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Prior art keywords
tank
circuit
inductance
capacity
tube
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Potter Ralph Kimball
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AT&T Corp
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American Telephone and Telegraph Co Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/78—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube
    • H01J19/80—Structurally associated resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/36—Tubes with flat electrodes, e.g. disc electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/04—Tubes having one or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly density modulation, e.g. Heaff tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B9/00—Generation of oscillations using transit-time effects
    • H03B9/01—Generation of oscillations using transit-time effects using discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/50—Amplifiers in which input is applied to, or output is derived from, an impedance common to input and output circuits of the amplifying element, e.g. cathode follower
    • H03F3/52—Amplifiers in which input is applied to, or output is derived from, an impedance common to input and output circuits of the amplifying element, e.g. cathode follower with tubes only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to radio frequency oscillation generators and more particularly to generators of very high frequencies such as are used in so-called short-wave signaling.
  • Fig. 15a ShOWS the device 0f Fig 1o obtained and in such manner that the oscillations 13a modied to be an Oscillation generator; and 10 shall be relatively free from disturbances outside Fig. 15b is an equivalent circuit and Fig. 15C is a its own circuit and shall produce a minimum of Simplified shOWing 0f the OSCillatlOn generator 0f disturbances on or in adjacent surroundings.
  • Figure 15a. purpose is also that of providing an oscillatory In the conventional oscillatory circuit the mag- 15 circuit fora generator of very 10W damping factor. netc and electric elds exist outside as well as 15 To accomplish these purposes I make use of inside the coils and condensers of those circuits.
  • the inductclosed by a disk to the outer of the pair of conance itself may then reduce to a single turn of 30 ductors.
  • heavy conductor as illustrated in Fig. 1a, but 30 such a circuit. acts as a small but concentrated in this case the magnetic field is widely distribor lumped inductance at the one vend of the uted.
  • tank or tank circuit as used in 4o low damping in the oscillatory circuits and to this specification and the claims, is defined as an yield a generator or amplifier which is especially enclosing conducting vessel of one or more comwell shielded from extraneous disturbances which partments, enclosing various associated elements, become S0 Serious at the high frequencies here and in which the inner surface of the vessel con- ;5 contemplated. stitutes an essential part of the path for high 45
  • the invention will be better understood by reffrequency currents.
  • FIG. 1b Such a tank circuit with erence to the following specication and the accapacity included to form a resonant circuit is companying drawings, in which Figures 1a to 1d shown in Fig. 1b and may be looked upon as a illustrate the type of inductances and tuned cirligure of revolution, obtained by rotating the cir- ,o cuits which I propose to use; Figs. 2a and 2c show cuit of Fig. 1a about the line b-b as an axis al- 50 the connection of such an inductance into a certhough not shown to scale, particularly as retain type of circuit and Fig. 2b shows the equivaspects flanges a andy d. If the circuit of Fig.
  • FIG. 1a lent more conventional appearance of that cirhad been circular instead of rectangular and a cuit; ⁇ Figs. 3a to 8b show a series of circuits in similar rotation had occurred, a tank of the form 5 pairs, the one giving the circuit with my new shown in Fig.v 1c would have resulted, possessing 55 the same electrical properties as Fig. 1b.
  • a portion of the flange extending toward the center of Fig. 1c is omitted for structural simplicity, the electrical effect of the omission being negligible.
  • the capacity of the circuit is included within the tank and is effectively shielded so far as external objects are concerned.
  • a somewhat different form of' tank, but substantially equivalent, is shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 2a there is shown a tank circuit replacing the conventional arrangement of coils and condensers.
  • the lead l which may be an antenna or any other output is shown connected to ground through the resonant circuit consisting of inductance and capacity.
  • the shape of the flanges is slightly modified, one of the extensions being omitted and the other being connected completely across the center for greater convenience in connecting the v antenna.
  • the conventional form of circuit which is equivalent is shown in Fig. 2b.
  • Fig. 2a it should be emphasized that, at the frequencies contemplated, the currents are surface effects only ⁇ and cannot pass through the body of the metal.
  • one path to ground is across the condenser a-d and the other is around the inductive path a-b-c-d inside the tank, that is, the circuit comprises a condenser and inductance in parallel as in Fig. 2b.
  • the high frequency magnetic eld due to the current flowing on the outer surface of the inner cylinder of the tank cannot penetrate through the outer boundary of the tank, and thus the magnetic field due to current on the inner conductor is confined within the tank.
  • any of the high frequency currents flowing on the inner side of the outer cylinder will produce no magnetic field within the tank.
  • high frequency currents flowing on the outer surface of the outer cylinder will produce no magnetic field within the tank.
  • Fig. 3a shows the use of the tank circuit in a vacuum tube oscillation generator, this being equivalent to the circuit of Fig. 3b, which in turn is a well known generator, frequently spoken of as the ultraudion oscillator.
  • Fig. 4a shows another circuit including my tank circuit and which is the equivalent of the circuit of Fig. 4b, this being an oscillator generator commonly spoken of as the dynatron oscillator.
  • Fig. 5a I show a generator with two of my tanks, the circuit being the equivalent of that shown in Fig. 5b, sometimes called the tuned grid tuned plate oscillator.” It will be observed that each of the oscillator circuits of Fig. 5b has been replaced by tanks.
  • Figs. 6a and 6b are a pair of equivalent circuits and are the familiar "Colpitts oscillators.”
  • the conventional oscillatory circuit comprising condensers C1, Cz and inductance L, is replaced by a tank of the form illustrated by Fig. 13 or i9 of my copending application.
  • the plates a, d and b make the condensers C1 and C: of Fig. 6b.
  • Potential variations coming from the plate of the tube give rise to currents across the condensers in series and, in parallel lto these condensers, through the inductance of the tank in a manner analogous to the circuit of Fig. 6b.
  • Figs. '7a and 7b also show a pair of equivalent circuits, the circuit of Fig. 7b being that commonly known in the art as the Hartley oscillator.
  • the conventional oscillatory circuit comprising inductances Li, L2 and condenser C, is replaced by a tank.
  • the connection in the Hartley circuit from the filament to the point between the two inductances finds its equivalence in Fig. 7a by the connection to the midpoint of the tank inductance at M,'and it is evident that this may be made adjustable to vary the ratio of the inductances Li and Lz.
  • connection may consist of a single radial conductor but forbetter current distribution may consist of several radial conductors or even a partition with a number of apertures which would determine the couplingvbetween the two inductances.
  • This connection is obviously similar to the usual connection to some midpoint of a single turn inductance coil.
  • Figs. 8a and 8b represent the so-called Meissner oscillator, in which the resonant circuit, consisting of inductance L and capacity C, is replaced by my tank circuit.
  • I'he method of coupling L' and L" to L is clearly shown in Fig. 8a and is equivalent to the usual method of coupling to a solenoid inductance.
  • the loops L and'L of Fig. 8a are arranged to include a suflicient amount of the magnitude flux within the tank inductance L to provide the required coupling.
  • Fig. 9a The arrangement shown in Fig. 9a is similar to that of Fig. 7a; that is to say, it is a'Hartley type of oscillator circuit, but in Fig. 9a all of the may be looked upon as a vertical axis through the center of the tank. In general this tank will be of ample capacity to accommodate the vacuum tube and accompanying elements with suitable supports.
  • the vacuum tube VT with its filament, grid and plate, is mounted ln the tank as shown and the condenser Cb, leading from the grid to one terminal of the inductance formed by the tank, the resistance R connected between the grid and the filament, and the capacity Ca in the connection from the filament to the midpoint of the surface of the tank, may all be suitably mounted within the tank itself.
  • connections will extend out through an opening in the bottom of the tank to the batteries for supplying the filament and plate currents.
  • 'Ihe grid potential is, of course, derived through the drop of the resistance R.
  • the flanges near the center of the tank provide the main capacity C of thev oscillator.
  • Fig. 9b shows an equivalent circuit employing conventional types of electrical elements.
  • the main capacity C of the Hartley circuit corresponds to the capacity of the flanges in the center of the tank
  • the two inductances L1 and Lz are the inductances formed by the interior surface of the tank, from the midpoint along the inner surface of the wall to the upper ange on the one hand, and over the inner surface of the wall of the lower half of the tank to the lower flange on the other hand.
  • the high frequency currents owing over the inner surface of the tank will not be propagated out of the tank along the battery connections because the oscillatory currents are propagated over the interior surface of the tank and flow around the opening, instead of across it, to the load circuit.
  • Fig. 10a shows an oscillator of the Colpitts type and is essentially the same in principle as the circuits of Figs. 6a and 6b.
  • the axis of the tank is longitudinal instead of vertical as in Fig. 1b.
  • 'I'he outlet tubes of the tank are of smaller diameter and the capacity forming flanges are omitted, capacities being formed, however, between the inner surfaces of the outlet tubes and the outlet wires as shown at C5 and Cs.
  • the vacuum tube is shown at VT within the tank and the two main tuning capac- A ities C1 and C2 of the Colpitts type circuit are likewise mounted Within the tank and are connected at their common point to the filament F, with their other terminals connected to the conductive outlet tubes through which external connections are made.
  • These outlet tubes are also connected through capacities C3 and C4 to the grid G and plate P, respectively, of the vacuum tube.
  • 'I'he capacities C3 and C4 Will also be mounted within the tank.
  • 'I'he grid' potential is supplied from a battery which has one terminal connected to the outer surface of the tank (which may be grounded, if desired), the other terminal of the battery being connected to a conductor leading concentrically through the cylindrical outlet tube to the grid.
  • the plate battery has one terminal connected to the outer surface of the tank and the other terminal is connected through a choke coil L4 to a conductor passing concentrically through the cylindrical outlet tube to the plate.
  • a capacity Cs will exist between the conductor and the outlet tube. If the capacities C5 and C6 are sufficiently large, the separate capacities C3 and C4 may be omitted.
  • the two conductors from the filament are connected through a double wound choke coil L3, the one to the inner wall of the tank and the other through an opening in the wall of the tank to the filament battery, the other terminal of which is connected to the outer wall of the tank.
  • the currents owing over the inner walls of the tank from the terminals of the choke L3 to the capacities C5 and C6 are subjected to the inductive effect of the walls of the tank.
  • the Colpitts type circuit has two capacities C1 and C2 with their common terminal connected to the filament and with their opposite terminals connected to the grid and plate as shown in Fig. 10b, and with a single inductance connected from grid to plate in parallel to the two condensers.
  • the single inductance is divided into two parts L' and L" which, from the high frequency alternating current standpoint, function as a single inductance.
  • a mid tap is provided, however, for the necessary connection to permit the battery current to be supplied to the lament.
  • the inner surface of the tank walls provides an inductance (corresponding to L and L in Fig.
  • the tank has a horizontal axis and the circuit is essentially that of a Hartley oscillator.
  • the lament isV connected to the midpoint of the inner surface of, the tank by having one of the filament leads connected to the Wall of a cylindrical outlet tube through the side walllof the tank, the other lament connection passing concentrically through this outlet tube to the battery, the other terminal of which is connected to the outer wall of the tank.
  • the inner surface of the tank is divided into two paths for the flow of current-from the filament to the grid on one hand and from the filament to the plate on the other, thus forming the two inductances L1 and VLi of the Hartley type oscillator as shown in Fig.
  • the main condenser C of the Hartley circuit has its terminals connected, respectively, to the outer surfaces of the cylindrical outlet tubes.
  • capacities C3 and C4 are connected between the outer surfaces of the outlet tubes and the grid and plate, respectively. These two capacities and capacity C are mounted within the tank as in the vacuum tube VT itself.
  • Capacities C5 and Cs effectively in parallel with the capacities C3 and C4 exist between the outlet conductors and the cylindrical outlet tubes, the electrical equivalent being shown in Fig. 11b.
  • capacities C3 and C4 may be omitted if capacities C5 and Cs are sufliciently large. 'Ihc direct current potentials for the grid and plate are supplied in the same Way as in Fig. 10a.
  • the output of the oscil- Ais ylator would be a radiating antenna or something equivalent thereto and, for illustrative purposes, antennae have been shown connected to the plate of the tube VT in each of these figures.
  • the antenna is connected to the fiat disc-like flange forming the lower plate of capacity C, and the current flows over this flange to the plate electrode of the tube VT.
  • the antenna is lead in to the plate by a lead-in wire .passing through the interior of the outlet tube of the tank.
  • This feature of enclosing the vacuum tube and certain auxiliary apparatus within the tank is suitablevnot omy for oscillators but for amplifiers, and it may well be that in any given case one could wish to redesign the vacuum tube in order to adapt it to the particular situation in hand.
  • the vacuum tube might be redesigned so as to be built into and form a part of the tank structure itself.
  • a resonant circuitwith capacity between G and P and inductance a'-b'-c-d In the output there is a resonant circuitwith capacity between G and P and inductance a'-b'-c-d.
  • the equivalent of this circuit is shown in Fig. 12b where the tube element capacities are Cgf, Cpr. Depending upon the effectiveness of shielding provided by the grid G, or any other more complicated structure replacing this grid, therel will be more or less capacity between F and P of Fig. 12a.
  • the equivalent in Fig. 12b is determined by the size of the 4hole in the partition a: between plates y and z. If the partition were solid the capacity coupling between y and z would be zero.
  • the circuit of Fig. 12a as an amplifier for example, it is necessary to provide means to get into and out of the tank.
  • FIG. 13a A practical amplifier circuit arrangement is shown in Fig. 13a with an input at the left and an output at the right in the form of concentric conductor transmission lines TL1 and TLz.
  • the three tube elements, filament F, grid G and plate P are surrounded by a glass envelope to provide for the evacuation.
  • the envelope may in turn be and is here shown as enclosed within a conductive shell which provides additional capacity shunting the inter-element capacities.
  • the filament battery B1 is connected through the choke coil L3 (with a winding in each filament lead) to conductors led in through the interior of a pipe forming the continuation of the central conductor of the concentric conductor transmission line TL1. From the inside of this pipe the filament leads pass through the glass walls of the vacuum tube to the two terminals of the filament F.
  • the plate supply from battery Bz is also led through a choke coil L1 to the central conductor of the output line TLz, and to the plate of the tube as shown.
  • Capacities Cz and C3 are formed between the two halves of the conductive shell with its flanges, and the mid-wall :z: of the tank, and hence are in effect connected to the grid G which ismounted in the mld-wall.
  • This is shown in the equivalent circuit of Fig. 13b where capacities Cz and C: are connected from the grid tothe central conductors of the transmission lines 'I'L1 and TLz, respectively.
  • the capacity C: is in this manner connected directly to the plate but capacity Cz is connected to the filament through the capacity Cf which exists betweenthe inner wall of the inner concentric tube and the filament leads.
  • a capacity C1 exists between the inner surface of the concentric conductor and theinner conductor of the transmission line TL1.
  • a similar capacity C4 exists between the inner and outer conductors of the concentric transmission line TM. High frequencies will not pass from the interior of said transmission line over the plate battery connection because of the choke coil L4 and because the high ⁇ frequencies nd a low impedance path around the opening in the wall.
  • the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 1311111115-l trates the relative arrangements of the various capacities, inductances and other elements of the circuit.
  • the inductances L1 and L1 are frmed by the separate inner surfaces of the two compartments of the tank. It will be seen that a high frequency tuned circuit exists between filament F and grid G and ⁇ between plate P and grid G.
  • the former may .be traced from the filament F, through the capacity C1, through the capacity C1 and the inductance L1 to the grid, a parallel path extending from the capacity C: through the capacity C2 to the grid.
  • the plate-grid circuit maybe traced from the plate 4P through the capacity C4 in series with the inductance La to the grid, this capacity and inductance being shunted by the capacity Ca.
  • Fig. 13a The essential elements of the circuit of Fig. 13a are shown in simplified form in Fig. 13c and it will be noted that the input and output circuits are capacity coupled to the resonant tank circuits, since the capacities C1 and C4 of Fig. 13b are across the transmission lines TL1 and TLz and form with capacity C2 and C3, respectively, the total tuning capacities included in each of the circuits.
  • a signal input from the transmission line TLi of Fig. 13a sets up oscillations within the associated tank circuit and produces a resonant voltage between F and G.
  • the steady flow of electrons between F and P provided by the D. C. field between these elements is, accordingly, modulated in the well known manner, and the field between G and F is varied in such a way as to set up amplied oscillations in the second circuit similar to those impressed in the first. It is, of course, necessary to adjust these circuits to provide resonance-as in any conventional amplifier of this type. This may be accomplished by varying the positions of the two conductive shells S1 and Sz, or by any design of the structure which will permit equivalent variations. For example, we might make the length of one of the tank circuits adjustable, as indicated, by the sliding contact to the conductor TL1.
  • the vacuum tubes used in Fig. 13a may be physically modified forms of any of a variety of tubes, either three-element or four-element tubes, or others, which are suitable for amplifiers or oscillation generators.
  • the elements may be conentrically arranged as shown in Fig. 14a where the grid and plate elements of the vacuum tube are in cylindrical form about a common axis with the filament located in said axis. Again the cathode, grid and plate may be related to eachv other in the manner indicated in Fig. 14h.
  • the coupling between the two tank circuits is restricted to that through the grid which functions as a control element. If it should be desirable to apply a D. C. bias to the grid the above mentioned contact may be broken by a spacer of some insulating material which would provide a low impedance path for the high-frequency currents while isolating the D. C. potential.
  • Fig. 13a To make the amplifier arrangement of Fig. 13a function as an oscillator, it is necessary to provide coupling of suitable magnitude and phase between the oscillation in the rst and second tank circuits.
  • Such coupling may be provided in a number of ways and, in particular, may be provided by apertures in the partition zc. Such apertures are shown at a and a in Fig. 15c which,
  • Fig. 15a there is shown schematically an oscillator arrangement in which an aperture coupling between tank circuits, of the type just described, is used. There is also shown a capacity which isolates the grid.
  • the coupling aperture is provided in the mid-wall .r which, in this case, is connected directly to one-half of the conductive shell.
  • the grid is then mounted in another conductive plate between which and the mid-Wall :c of the tank (a part of which is formed by onehalf of the conductive shell) a capacity C3 exists. This capacity isolates the grid from the mid-Wall of the tank.
  • a similar capacity Cz exists between the plate in which the grid is mounted and the other half of the conductive shell with its flanges, thereby isolating the grid from any connection to the walls of the tank through the tubular conductor which permits of the battery connections to the heater H.
  • the capacity C2 also isolates the grid from the cathode F.
  • the aperture coupling is in reality an inductive coupling since it permits current in one chamber to flow into the other and this forms a conductor (or inductance) common to the two circuits.
  • L1 and L2 represent the inductances due to the current flowing over the inner surfaces of the two compartments of the tank, while M represents the inductive coupling between the two parts of the tank due to the current flowing from one compartment of the tank to the other through the aperture.
  • an opening in the partition running all the way around the vacuum tube forms a capacity common to the input and output circuits.
  • the grid is not only isolated by the capacity C3, as
  • the enclosing vessel might, for example, be a cube or other parallelopiped with the main entrances to the vessel at the centers of two opposite faces or at two opposite corners. Again the vessel may take on the form of a sphere with the chief entrance points at the ends of a diameter. In any of these cases the magnetic field set up within the vessel would probably be somewhat more distorted than in the case of a circular cylinder, but each vessel would have a definite inductance.
  • the entrance points shall be symmetrically arranged as indicated above, but they might be at any two points on the vessel, although in that event the distortion in the magnetic field would be greater and the lack of symmetrical distribution of the surface currents would tend to make the losses somewhat larger.
  • an amplifier tube having cathode, anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel enclosing said tube and constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over it, two of said electrodes being connected to points of different potential on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves as an inductance connected to said electrodes, and a connection from the third electrode to said tank.
  • an amplier tube having a cathode, anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel enclosing said tube and constituting a tank Whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over it, two of said electrodes being connected to points of different potential on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves as an inductance connected to said electrodes, a connection from the third electrode to said tank, and capacities within said tank connected between certain of said electrodes.
  • an amplifier tube having cathode, anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel enclosing said tube and constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over 1t, two of said electrodes being connected to points of different potential on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves as an inductance connected to said electrodes, a connection from the third electrode to said tank, said tank including elements constituting a capacity connected between certain of said electrodes.
  • a three-electrode vacuum tube inductance connected to two electrodes thereof having dift ferent potentials, said inductance consisting, in part at least, of a substantially closed conducting vessel constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over it, said tubev being enclosed within said tank, and a connection from the third electrode to said tank.
  • a tube having a cathode, anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over it, the control and anode electrodes being connected to points of different potential on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves, in part at least, as an inductance connected to said electrodes, and two series capacities within said tank with a midpoint connection to said cathode and having their opposite terminals connected to said anode and control electrodes, said capacities and said inductance being included in an oscillating circuit for said tube.
  • a tube having cathode, anode and control electrodes, two series capacities with a midpoint connection to said cathode and having their opposite terminals connected to said anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel enclosing said tube and constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents flowing over A it, said anode. and control electrodes being connected to points of different potential on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves, in part at least, as an inductance connected to said electrodes, said inductance and capacities being included in an oscillating circuit for said tube.
  • a tube having cathode, anode and control electrodes, two series capacities with a midpoint connection to said cathode and having their opposite terminals connected to said anode and control electrodes,A a substantially closed conducting vessel enclosing said tube and said capacities, said vessel constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect. to high frequency current 'flowing over it, said anode and control electrodes being connected to points of different potential on theinner surface of said tank .so that the tank serves, in part at least, as an inductance connected to said electrodes, said inductance and capacities being included in an oscillating circuit for said tube.
  • a tube having cathode, anode and control electrodes, a substantially closed conducting vessel constituting a tank whose inner surface acts as an inductance with respect to high frequency currents, said anode and control electrodes being connected to points of different potentials on the inner surface of said tank so that the tank serves, in part at least, as an inductance connected to said electrodes, a high frequency connection from an intermediate point on the inner surface of said tank to said cathode electrode, so that said tank serves as a divided inductance between said anode and control electrodes with an intermediate connection to said cathode, and a capacity in parallel to at least a portion of said inductance.

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US84967A 1934-10-04 1936-06-12 Vacuum tube with tank circuits Expired - Lifetime US2107387A (en)

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Cited By (25)

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US2416319A (en) * 1942-10-08 1947-02-25 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd High-frequency oscillator
US2416698A (en) * 1938-04-29 1947-03-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radiation and reception of microwaves
US2423327A (en) * 1942-10-02 1947-07-01 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency oscillator of the cavity resonator type
US2428020A (en) * 1941-10-24 1947-09-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electron discharge tube for ultra high frequencies
US2428013A (en) * 1942-06-30 1947-09-30 Louis H Crook Electron tube
US2433386A (en) * 1941-09-26 1947-12-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2439387A (en) * 1941-11-28 1948-04-13 Sperry Corp Electronic tuning control
US2448713A (en) * 1944-12-02 1948-09-07 Rca Corp Radio listening buoy
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2497809A (en) * 1942-04-17 1950-02-14 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co High-frequency discharge tube apparatus
US2513324A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-07-04 Fed Telecomm Lab Inc Single tuned circuit ultra high frequency oscillator
US2523307A (en) * 1944-10-28 1950-09-26 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Feedback coupling circuit
US2524821A (en) * 1943-12-28 1950-10-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Wide frequency band amplifier
US2545106A (en) * 1948-04-30 1951-03-13 Rca Corp Applicator for radio-frequency heating
US2556813A (en) * 1947-05-13 1951-06-12 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency thermionic tube
US2591316A (en) * 1943-03-06 1952-04-01 Hartford Nat Band And Trust Co Device for producing an oscillatory circuit tuned to an ultrahigh frequency
US2611079A (en) * 1942-07-27 1952-09-16 Arthur A Verela Duplexing device for transceiver antenna systems
US2689915A (en) * 1944-11-04 1954-09-21 Us Navy Folded line oscillator
US2752495A (en) * 1951-05-08 1956-06-26 Rca Corp Ferroelectric frequency control
US2783344A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co Dielectric heating systems and applicators
US2783348A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co High-frequency heating applicators
US2783349A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co High-frequency heating applicators
DE969867C (de) * 1940-01-02 1958-07-24 Pintsch Bamag Ag Hohlraumresonator mit veraenderlicher Eigenfrequenz
DE976253C (de) * 1952-04-10 1963-05-30 Standard Elek K Lorenz Ag Mischanordnung fuer Dezimeterwellen
US4342066A (en) * 1978-05-16 1982-07-27 Kuelper Klaus Electrical condenser with a dielectric of gas under pressure

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GB523712A (en) * 1937-10-11 1940-07-22 Univ Leland Stanford Junior An improved electrical discharge system and method of operating the same
US2519420A (en) * 1939-03-08 1950-08-22 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Thermionic vacuum tube and circuit
US2558021A (en) * 1939-03-08 1951-06-26 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Thermionic vacuum tube and circuit
DE750380C (de) * 1940-03-12 1945-01-06 Schwingungserzeugerschaltung fuer kurze oder ultrakurze Wellen
DE970149C (de) * 1940-05-17 1958-08-21 Western Electric Co Elektronenentladungs-Vorrichtung zur Verstaerkung einer hochfrequenten elektromagnetischen Welle
US2462082A (en) * 1941-12-19 1949-02-22 Int Standard Electric Corp Thermionic valve
DE944197C (de) * 1942-02-01 1956-06-28 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenzeinrichtung, insbesondere zur Frequenzumsetzung oder -vervielfachung
US2507972A (en) * 1942-07-25 1950-05-16 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuits
DE976657C (de) * 1942-09-01 1964-01-30 Erhard Fasshauer Elektronenroehre fuer ultrakurze Wellen zur Erzeugung grosser Leistungen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE971141C (de) * 1942-10-01 1958-12-18 Siemens Ag Elektronenroehre zur Erzeugung oder Verstaerkung sehr kurzer elektrischer Wellen
FR962868A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1942-10-02 1950-06-22
US2428609A (en) * 1942-11-09 1947-10-07 Gen Electric High-frequency electric discharge device
US2443907A (en) * 1943-01-11 1948-06-22 Gen Electric High-frequency cavity resonator apparatus
US2527549A (en) * 1943-02-04 1950-10-31 Jr Robert A Herring Concentric line construction
US2451249A (en) * 1943-03-18 1948-10-12 Rca Corp Electron discharge device for ultra high frequencies
US2457189A (en) * 1943-03-23 1948-12-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultra high frequency oscillation generator
US2516887A (en) * 1943-10-30 1950-08-01 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultra high frequency radio receiver
US2459593A (en) * 1944-03-17 1949-01-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Feed-back system for electronic tubes comprising hollow body resonators
US2582846A (en) * 1944-04-19 1952-01-15 Neher Henry Victor Microwave amplifier
US2619597A (en) * 1945-12-18 1952-11-25 Lawrence L Mlynczak High-frequency oscillator
US2685034A (en) * 1946-05-31 1954-07-27 James H Schaefer Coaxial line oscillator
US2615998A (en) * 1948-01-31 1952-10-28 Fed Telephone & Radio Corp Multistage cascade amplifier
NL171049B (nl) * 1952-06-18 Basf Ag Werkwijze voor het bereiden van 2-ethylhexanal-1.
US2961578A (en) * 1957-10-02 1960-11-22 Radiation Inc Vacuum tube circuit
DE1135527B (de) * 1960-07-02 1962-08-30 Telefunken Patent Schaltungsanordnung zur Leistungsverstaerkung, Leistungsmischung oder Vervielfachung von sehr hohen Frequenzen mit Hilfe von Transistoren, die in Basisschaltung betrieben werden
US3290614A (en) * 1964-03-20 1966-12-06 Sanders Associates Inc High frequency oscillator having distributed parameter resonant circuit

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416698A (en) * 1938-04-29 1947-03-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radiation and reception of microwaves
DE969867C (de) * 1940-01-02 1958-07-24 Pintsch Bamag Ag Hohlraumresonator mit veraenderlicher Eigenfrequenz
US2433386A (en) * 1941-09-26 1947-12-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2428020A (en) * 1941-10-24 1947-09-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electron discharge tube for ultra high frequencies
US2439387A (en) * 1941-11-28 1948-04-13 Sperry Corp Electronic tuning control
US2497809A (en) * 1942-04-17 1950-02-14 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co High-frequency discharge tube apparatus
US2428013A (en) * 1942-06-30 1947-09-30 Louis H Crook Electron tube
US2611079A (en) * 1942-07-27 1952-09-16 Arthur A Verela Duplexing device for transceiver antenna systems
US2423327A (en) * 1942-10-02 1947-07-01 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency oscillator of the cavity resonator type
US2416319A (en) * 1942-10-08 1947-02-25 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd High-frequency oscillator
US2591316A (en) * 1943-03-06 1952-04-01 Hartford Nat Band And Trust Co Device for producing an oscillatory circuit tuned to an ultrahigh frequency
US2524821A (en) * 1943-12-28 1950-10-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Wide frequency band amplifier
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2523307A (en) * 1944-10-28 1950-09-26 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Feedback coupling circuit
US2689915A (en) * 1944-11-04 1954-09-21 Us Navy Folded line oscillator
US2448713A (en) * 1944-12-02 1948-09-07 Rca Corp Radio listening buoy
US2513324A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-07-04 Fed Telecomm Lab Inc Single tuned circuit ultra high frequency oscillator
US2556813A (en) * 1947-05-13 1951-06-12 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency thermionic tube
US2545106A (en) * 1948-04-30 1951-03-13 Rca Corp Applicator for radio-frequency heating
US2752495A (en) * 1951-05-08 1956-06-26 Rca Corp Ferroelectric frequency control
DE976253C (de) * 1952-04-10 1963-05-30 Standard Elek K Lorenz Ag Mischanordnung fuer Dezimeterwellen
US2783348A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co High-frequency heating applicators
US2783349A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co High-frequency heating applicators
US2783344A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-02-26 Nat Cylinder Gas Co Dielectric heating systems and applicators
US4342066A (en) * 1978-05-16 1982-07-27 Kuelper Klaus Electrical condenser with a dielectric of gas under pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR798581A (fr) 1936-05-20
US2088722A (en) 1937-08-03
NL43144C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB450280A (en) 1936-07-14

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