US2457189A - Ultra high frequency oscillation generator - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 28, 1948.

ULTRA Filed March 13, 1944 FIG].

F. H. TAYLOR HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATION GENERATORS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aitorne Inventor Dec. 28,1948. F. H. TAYLOR ULTRA HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATION GENERATORS 3 SheetS -Sheet 2 Filed March 13, 1944 Dec. 28, 1948. F. H. TAYLOR ULTRA HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATION GENERATORS Filed March 15, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 M J KKI ZORSJQDY W200 023% q Oll 7 Inventor I H022 fi l/(1rd Zy/ar.

Alt ney Patented Dec. 28, 1948 ULTRA"H'IIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATION GENERATOR FrankHoward Taylor, London, England, assignor,

-bymesneassigmnents, to International Standard Electric Corporation, New York, N. Y.,"a

V corporation of Delaware Application March 13,1944, Serial No. 526,213

' In Great Britain March 23, 1943 v 19 Claims.

. The present invention relates to electron discharge devices .for use at ultra high frequencies,

for example,.oscillation generators or amplifiers,

-and isof the kind utilising electron discharge tubes of the vdisc seal type having grid-cathode and grid-anode resonant circuits comprising resonant chambers. Electron discharge tubes of the disc seal type are described and claimed in the specifications of the United States Patent,Nos.: 2,419,800, issued to S. G. Tomlin on April 29, 1947; 2,419,544, issued to J. Foster on April 29, 1947; 2,426,198, issued to F. D. Goodchild on August 26, 1947; 2,395,043, issued to F. D. Goodchild on February 19, 1946; 2,406,827, issued to F. D. Goodchild on September 3, 1947,.

,Such tubes comprise metallic discs which pro prises a resonant chamber which is coupled between the grid and anode discs of the tube. The couplingbetween the resonant chamber and the disc is usually a direct electrical connection or a capacitive or inductive coupling.

An object of the invention is to provide an electron discharge device of the kind specified which lends itself to mass production methods and in which the electron discharge tube can be easily and quickly replaced.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple easily adjustable means for adjusting the mean or normal frequency of the device at which it is to operate and in the case of an oscillation generator to vary cyclically the frequency generated about this mean frequency.

According to the invention a device for use at ultra high frequencies with an electron discharge tube of the disc seal type comprises a first resonaia chamber to formthe anode grid circuit of the electron discharge tube and comprising a tubular member having end plates adapted to be respectively secured to and electrically coupled to the grid and anode discs of thetube, and a second resonant chamber to form the grid-cathode circuit, comprising a tubular member electrically closed at one end and mounted at its other end on the end plate of the first resonant chamber to be secured to the grid disc of said tube and on the side of said end plate opposite said first chamber.

According to another aspect of the invention an electron discharge device for use at ultra high frequencies comprises first and second tubular resonant chambers, the first chamber having end platesand the second chamber being electrically closed at one end andmounted at the other end on one of said end plates so that the chambers are on opposite sides of said plate, the said end plates being provided with apertures to allow an electron discharge tube of the disc seal type to be placed home within the resonator system and with means for coupling electrically the anode and grid discs of the tube respectively to said ,end

, plates.

According to an embodiment of the invention an electron discharge device for use at ultra high frequencies comprises an electron discharge tube of thedisc seal type whose grid disc is provided with a tubular extensionenclosing a portion of the tube and supporting at its end a base carrying contact device electrically coupled to electrodes in the tube, first and second tubular chambers, the first chamber having end plates, the second chamber being mounted on one of said plates with the axes of the first and second chambers in alignment and said second 'chamber being electrically closed at its other end and provided with a valve holder for co-operating with said base for connecting said electrodes to external circuit elements, the said end plates being provided with apertures to allow of the insertion of the tube base into the'valve holder, and means coupling the grid disc of said tube to the end plate carrying both chambers and the anode disc of said tube to the other of said end plates.

The inventionwill be further described in relation to an embodiment which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1', is a plan View.

Figure 2'is a partial sectional view along the line A--A of Figure 1 as seen from the bottom of that figure.

Figure 3 shows diagrammatically the circuit arrangement of the oscillation generator shown in Figures 1 and 2.

In all the figures corresponding parts are given like references.

The two resonant chambers are indicated at l and 2 and comprise cylinders of right circular form. The resonant chamber of the grid-anode .circuit comprises a cylinder 2 which has end plates 3 and 4, the end plate 4 being integral with the side walls 2. The end plate 3 is provided with a flange 3a which is adapted to be screwed into a corresponding part 2a until it is screwed home against the shoulder 217. Both the end plates 3 and 4 are provided with circular holes. The hole in the plate 3 is covered by the chamber I which is provided with a flange 6 which sits on the end plate 3 and is secured thereto by means of screws 8 suitably insulated by bushings.

Between the flange 6 and the end plate 3 is interposed a layer of mica. 1 which forms, together with the plates 3 and flange 6, a blocking condenser which serves to insulate the resonant chamber I from the resonant chamber 2 for direct current. This blocking condenser could be formed anywhere in the anode grid circuit between the anode disc 29 and the grid disc 2|, but is placed in the position shown so that a maximum conduction and radiation surface is provided for heat dissipation from the anode. Since chamber I is metallically connected to the grid disc it provides adequate heat dissipation from the grid.

In the hole in the plate 4 is inserted a cylindrical hollow member 9 provided with a flange 9a at its inner end and with a cap I3 at its outer end provided with a flange I3a which is adapted to be screwed on to the outer end of the member 9. The member 9 is provided with a flange III which is secured to the end plate 4 by means of screws II. Another tubular member I2 provided with a flange I2a at its inner end is a sliding fit into the member 9, so that the member I2 may be removed from the member 9 to allow a tube I9 of the disc seal type to be inserted through the hole when its anode disc 20 will sit against the flange 9a. The member I2 is then inserted so that the flange I2a and the flange 9a sandwich the disc 20 between them. The member I2 is secured home in the member 9 by means of screw of projecting pin 9b. The cap I3 which is screwed on to the end of the member 9 practically eliminates leakage field from the anode.

The chamber I is provided at its end opposite to the flange 6 with a cylindrical metal member or guard ring Ia which is adapted to be screwed on to the end of the chamber I to form an extension thereof, and a cap is adapted to be screwed on to the end of the member Ia. The purpose of the guard ring Ia will be described hereinafter.

Within the chamber I is supported from the walls by means of a bracket IBb secured to the chamber wall I, a valve holder 25 which is provided with three, or other suitable number of valve sockets, and carries insulated therefrom a metal rod I4 which functions as an inductance and is provided at its upper end with a plate I9 which forms with the cap 5 a capacity which is variable by adjusting the distance of the cap 5 from the plate I8 by means of the screw thread with which it is secured to the member I a. This variable capacity enables the grid-cathode resonator I to be adjusted to give optimum positive feedback. The guard ring Ia. is adjusted so that its edge is just above the condenser plate so that the cap 5 cannot be screwed down to contact with the plate. This allows tolerance in the manufacture of the condenser plate and inductance I4. The central member I4 is directly connected to the central valve socket 4 and each of the side valve sockets 24 are connected to plates which are insulated from a plate secured to the central member I4 so as to form filament bypass condensers. The two plates connected to the outer valve sockets 24 are connected respectively to the inner and outer conductors of a concentric conductor coil I5 which functions as the filament choke coil. The end of the outer conductor of this coil is electrically connected to the plate IBb which is insulated by a mica sheet from the wall of chamber I. A similar strip I6a (Fig. 1) is provided on the outside of chamber I and insulated therefrom by a. strip of mica and the inner conductor of the coil I5 passes through holes in the member I6a, lBb, the wall I and mica strips and terminates in contact with Ifia. A terminal screw (not shown) passes insulatingly through I6a and the chamber wall I into the plate I6b and forms one filament supply terminal. Another screw terminal (not shown) is secured to the plate I'Ba and forms the other filament supply terminal. The plates Mia and I6b and wall of chamber I with the strips of mica sandwiched between form filament supply bypass condensers 31 as shown in the circuit diagram, Figure 3.

The chamber I is provided on the flange 6 with contact spring devices 23 which are adapted to make good contact with the cylindrical extension 22 of the grid disc 2| of the tube I9. The end of the extension 22 is provided with three, or other suitable number, of valve pins which are arranged to engage with the valve sockets 24. It will thus be observed that with the members I2 and I3 removed it is an easy matter to place the tube I9 home in its valve sockets, the spring contact members 23 making good contact with the grid disc extension 22 and the anode disc contacting with the shoulder 9a of member 9. The member I2 is then placed home and is held in position by screw or pin 9b which prevents its rotating when the screw cap I3 is screwed on.

The dimensions of the two chambers I and 2 are, of course, made to suit the particular frequency it is desired to operate with but a slight adjustment of the frequency may be made by means of a metallic, for example, copper vane 26 which is mounted insulatingly from the walls of the chamber 2 on a shaft assembly 29 by which the position of the vane may be adjusted relative to the chamber walls.

When the apparatus is used as an oscillation generator it may be required to swing cyclically the frequency through a range on either side of the mean frequency which is adjusted by the vane 26. This cyclic variation of the generated frequency is conveniently obtained by means of another vane 28 which is enclosed in a wind shield 21 and is mounted on a shaft assembly 30 to enable it to be rotated at any desired speed by means of a motor.

The vane 28 and the shaft 30 are connected by a metallic member 28a. The length of this member 28a is chosen to be approximately twice its diameter so that the leakage of high frequency energy to the ball race is attenuated by approximately 30 dbs, and thus eliminates modulation of the oscillator caused by the ball bearing.

The output from the apparatus is obtained by means of a rectangular p 3| (Fig. 1) secured to rods 32 and 33, shown in Figure 2. The rods 32 and 33 are the central conductors of coaxial transmission lines whose outer conductors are respectively 32a and 33a. The output may be taken from the end of the line 32, 32a to an aerial or other load device and a short circuiting plate 33b is provided in the transmission line 33, 33a. The short circuiting plate 33b is secured to a manipulating member 330 which is mounted on a rod 33d which is provided with a screw thread which co-operates with a corresponding thread on the member 330. On rota tion' of the rod 33d it will be evident that the position of the member 330 and, therefore, of the short circuiting plate 331) may be adjusted and by this means the loop 3| with aerial load in series, is tuned to the desired frequency.

- The amplitude of the output may be varied by varying the position of the loop 3| in the chamber I and this is attained in the example shown by means of a device indicated at 35 (Fig. 1) which may be, for example, a cam or an eccentric device which is rotatable by means of a coupling control shaft 36. The cam or the eccentric device carries a thin rod. or pin 34 which formed between conductor 33a and the resonant chamber Whilst the invention has been described in relation to an oscillation generator it is not limited to such a device but is equally applicable to an amplifier in which case device 21, 28 is not required, but would be replaced by an output loop and the loop 3| would be used as the input loop of the waves to be amplified. v

It will be observed that the tube l9 interelectrode capacity controls the feedback to the cathode-grid circuit, and consequently no addrtional external inductive or internal capacitive feedback is incorporated.

What is claimed is: I 1. A device for use at ultra high frequencies comprising a first cavity resonator having one adjacent one aperture of the first resonator and in alignment with the apertures of said first resonator, an electron discharge tube of the disc seal type, means in said second resonator holding said electron discharge tube, means connected to the second resonator adjacent the aperture yjtherein making electrical connection to a grid disc terminal of the disc seal type electron discharge tube positioned in said holding means,

and means connected to said first resonator adtrical connection to the anode disc terminal'of the discharge tube.

2. A device for use at ultra high frequencies comprising a first tubular member having apertured end plates and constituting a first cavity resonator, a second tubular member electrically closed at one end and mounted at its other end onto the outside of the said first tubular member on one end plate thereof adjacent the aperture therein, said second tubular member constituting a second cavity resonator, an electron discharge tube of the disc seal type, means mounted in said second cavity resonator holding said electron discharge tube, means adjacent the aperture of the said one end plate for making electrical connection to a grid disc terminal of jac'ent the other aperture thereof making elfecthe electron discharge tube of the disc seal type positioned in said holding means, and means ad'- jacent the aperture of the other end plate making electrical connection to an anode disc terminal of the disc seal type electron discharge tube.

3. A device for use at ultra high frequencies comprising a first tubular member having end plates provided with apertures and constituting a first cavity resonator, a second tubular member electrically closed at one end and mounted at its other end onto one end plate of the first tubular member and on the side of said end plate opposite the first resonator, said second tubular member constituting a second cavity resonator an electron discharge tube of the disc seal type, means in said second tubular member holding the electron discharge tube, means connected to said second tubular member at its open end securing and making electrical connection to a grid disc terminal of the disc seal type electron discharge tube positioned in said holding means, and means connected to the other end plate of said first tubular member remote from the said one end plate which mounts said second tubular member securing and making electrical connection to the anode disc terminal of the disc seal type discharge tube.

4. A device for use in ultra high frequencies comprising a first tubular member having end plates provided with apertures and constituting a first cavity resonator, a second tubular member electrically closed at one end mounted at its other end onto one end plate of the first tubular member and On the side of said end plate opthe other end plate of said first tubular member remote from the said one end plate which mount said second tubular member securing and making electrical connection to the anode disc terminal of the disc sealed type discharge tube.

5. A device according to claim 3 whereina'n insulating layer is inserted between the second resonator and the end plate upon which it is mounted, so that saidplate is insulated from the grid for direct currents and allows a large surface for radiation of heat from the anode disc terminal.

6. A device according to claim 3, and a plate for closing the end of the second resonator opposite to the end on which it is mounted, a member located adjacent said plate forming a capaclty with said member, and an inductance carried by said plate and located within the second resonator.

7. A device according to claim 3, and a plate for closing the end of the second resonator opposite to the end on which it is mounted, a member located adjacent said plate forming a capacity with said member and an inductance consisting of a straight conductor carried by said plate and located within the secound resonator.

8. A device according to claim 3, and a plate for closing the end of the second resonator opposite to the end on which it is mounted, a member located adjacent said plate forming a variable capacity with said member, and an inductance carried by said plate and located within the second resonator.

9. A device according to claim 3, and a screw capfor closing the end of the second resonator opposite to the end on which it is mounted, a member located adjacent said screw cap forming a capacity with said screw cap, and an inductance carried by said member and located within the second resonator.

10. A device according to claim 3, wherein means are provided inside the first resonator for tuning said resonator to a desired frequency, said means comprising a metallic vane adjustable with respect to the walls about an axis parallel to the end plates.

11. A device according to claim 3, wherein means are provided inside the first resonator for tuning said resonator to a desired frequency, said means comprising a metallic vane adjustable with respect to the walls about an axis parallel to the end plates.

12. A device according to claim 3, wherein means are provided for cyclically and continuously varying the frequency of operation'of the device, said means comprising a metallic vane in the first resonator continuously rotatable about an axis parallel to the end plates of the resonator.

13. A device according to claim 3, wherein means are provided for cyclically and continuously varying the frequency of operation of the device, said means comprising a metallic vane in the first resonator adjustable with respect to the walls and continuously rotatable about an axis parallel to the end plates of the resonator.

14. A device according to claim 3, wherein means are provided for cyclically and continuous- 1y varying the frequency of operation of the device, said means comprising a metallic vane in the first resonator, a shaftattached to said vane and a metallic member attached to said shaft and extending outside said first resonator for continuously rotating the vane about an axis parallel to the end plates of the resonator, the length of said member being approximately twice its diameter to attenuate high frequency leakage.

15. A device according to claim 3, wherein the end plate of the first resonator opposite to the second resonator is provided with a central aperture, a cylindrical member mounted within the aperture and provided with a flange at its inner end, an inner removable cylindrical member inside said first mentioned cylindrical member having a flange at its inner end for clamping the anode disc terminal to the flange of the first mentioned member and means securing the inner member in position adjacent said first mentioned cylindrical member.

16. A device according to claim 3, wherein the end plate of the first resonator opposite to the second resonator is provided with ya central aperture, a cylindrical member mounte'dwithin the aperture and provided with a flange'at its inner end, a removable metallic cap closing the outer end of the cylindrical member, an inner removable cylindrical member inside said first mentioned cylindrical member having a flange at its inner end for clamping the anode disc terminal to the flange of the first mentioned member and means securing the inner member in position adjacent said first mentioned cylindrical member.

17. A device according to claim 3, wherein a metallic loop is provided projecting into the second resonator, means electrically coupled to said loop for tuning said loop'to the operating frequency, and means secured to "saidloop for varying the position of said loop to vary the power output level taken by said loop.

18. A device according to claim 3,,wherein a metallic loop is provided projecting: irit'o the second resonator, two concentric lines having the two inner conductors projecting through the Walls of the second resonator, said loop being secured at either end to said inner conductors, an adjustable short circuiting member variably positioned on one of said lines, whereby tuning of the loop is effected, and means secured to said loop for varying the position of said lo op' to vary the power output level taken by said'loop.

19. A device according to claim 3, wherein'a metallic loop is provided projecting into the gridcathode resonator, means electrically coupled to said loop for tuning said loop to the operating frequency, means secured to said loop for varying the position of said loop to vary the power output level taken by said loop, the last mentioned means comprising a cam device and a rod secured to said loop, and means coupled to the cam device for rotating the cam device to move the pin to varying degrees within the resonator.

FRANK HOWARD TAYLOR.

REFERENCES CITED 9 The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1 2,088,722 Potter Aug. 3, 1937. 2,278,210 Morton Mar, 31, 1942 2,280,824 Hansen et al Apr. 28, 1942 2,306,282 Samuel Dec. 22, 1942 2,351,895 Allerding June 20, 1944 2,353,742 McArthur July 18, 1944 2,400,753 Haeff May 21, 1946 2,404,279 Dow July 16, 1946

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