Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
  • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
  • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
  • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
  • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
  • B24D3/08—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for close-grained structure, e.g. using metal with low melting point
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
  • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
  • A22C13/00—Sausage casings
  • A22C13/0013—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings
  • A22C13/0016—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings based on proteins, e.g. collagen
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
  • D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool

Definitions

• A (CI. 18-57) the hide may be replaced by heat disintegration or biological loosening or opening up, supplemented by mechanical resolving.
• the resulting l5 "artificial gut is dried, for example by treatment with hot air, and rendered waterproof in a suitable manner, for example with the aid of distillate of cellulose-containing substances such as wood, or formaldehyde solutions.
• the waterproofness or resistance to boiling attained depends substantially on the composition 7 of the hardening liquid. It was found that the hardening properties of the distillates of cellulosecontaining substances are due not only to their content of formaldehyde, but also to their content of other iodine-consuming substances. Whereas the formaldehyde content can be directly determined, the content of other hardening constituents is expressed in terms of the iodine value.
• the term iodine value is here used in the usual manner to indicate the quantity of iodine expressed in grammes which is consumed.
• uniform artificial gut which is neither overnor under-hardened, may be obtained by treating the artificial gut with hardening liquids, preferably distillates of cellulose-containing substances, which have been adjusted to a formaldehyde content of from 0.025 to 0.2%, preferably 0.1 to 0.15%, an iodine value of from 3.5 to 8.5, preferably 5.9, and a pH value of from 2.5 to 3.0.
• hardening liquids preferably distillates of cellulose-containing substances, which have been adjusted to a formaldehyde content of from 0.025 to 0.2%, preferably 0.1 to 0.15%, an iodine value of from 3.5 to 8.5, preferably 5.9, and a pH value of from 2.5 to 3.0.
• composition of the cellulose derivatives. too. low iodine values of the distillates may be compensated by increasing the formaldehyde content.
• the iodine-consuming substances in the wood distillates employed with the exceptionof formaldehyde can only be determined with difficulty.
• the process of this invention is with advantage carried into effect by first drying the artificial gut discharging from the annular nozzle. This may be effected by conveying the gut in the form of a continuous band through drying channels in which it is subjected to the action of hot air.
• air is blown from the nozzle head into the interior of the tube being formed and the artificial gut dried in this inflated condition.
• the hardening is likewise with advantage effected whilst the endless tube is in this inflated condition.
• the crude distillate obtained which is in general more highly oxidized than the distillate obtained in the carbonization of wood, contains up to 0.5% of formaldehyde and has an iodine value of about 42.5.
• the crude distillate after a distillation is if necessary adjusted by the addition of water to a formaldehyde content. of, for example, 0.12%, whereby the iodine value is also decreased. If the iodine value of the diluted distillate amounts to less than 3.5, crude distillate is added thereto until the iodine value exceeds 3.5.
• the formaldehyde content may be allowed to exceed the value indicated above.
• a wood distillate may be added, the iodine value of which is very high in proportion to the formaldehyde content, for example 1.
• the distillate is thereafter adjusted to pH values of between 2.5 and 3.0 by the addition of formic acid or acetic acid, if it is too alkaline and by the addition of ammonia if it is too acid.
• the continuous artificial gut is painted-over or the distillate with regard to iodine value and formaldehyde content and amounts to from 2 to 30 days. After this period of action the gut is washed or rinsed with water having a pH value of 8, whereby it first becomes cloudy and then glassy. The excess portion of the hardening substances is washed away thereby. The gut is then again dried.
• the gut after treatment with the distillate is dried and kept for three days at 25 C.
• the gut is then washed for about 3 hours with'water having a pH value of 8 and is then again dried.
• the gut After five-times spraying with this hardening liquid andsubsequent drying, the gut is stored for 14 days at 25 C. and 70% relative air moisture and is thereafter freed from the excess of the V artificial gut with hardening liquids containing from .025 to 2% of formaldehyde, and iodine consuming substances occurring in the distillates of cellulose containing substances, said hardening liquids having an iodine value of from 3.5 to 8.5

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6542607

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (5)

• 1936
  • 1936-10-10 US US105145A patent/US2103138A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1936-10-14 GB GB27953/36A patent/GB480971A/en not_active Expired
  • 1936-10-14 NL NL79587A patent/NL44296C/xx active
• 1937
  • 1937-01-27 FR FR828461D patent/FR828461A/fr not_active Expired

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