US2091274A - Heat radiating system - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lll-lll] R. N. EGGLESTON 4HEAT RADIATING SYSTEM Filed June 20, 1932 Aug. 31, 1937.

r//f/msmr 30 Aug. 31, 1937. R. N. EGGLESTON HEAT RADIATING SYSTEM Filed June 20, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 3l, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HEAT RADIATING SYSTEM Application June 20, 1932, Serial No. 618,393

1` Claim.

The invention relates broadly to heat radiation systems and more particularly to an improved structure of heat radiation having high efciency. One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved commotion of heat radiation system by which a large quantity of heat may be extracted from a body of fluid for improving the degree of radiation of heat over a relatively large area.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction of radiation system employing a gas heater for rapidly raising the temperature of a body of fluid for radiating heat therefrom with a high degree of eiliciency.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a construction of gas heater for Water circulating systems in which gases of combustion are thoroughly ignited in a vertically disposed column around which fluid is circulated for conducting heat to a heat radiating system.

I'. A further object of the invention is to provide a construction of battery member disposed within a vertically arranged column for so directing products of combustion that fluid circulated around the vertically disposed column will extract substantially all of the available heat therefrom.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a heat radiating system which is sealed V to enclose a liquid solution which is characterized by the extremely high boiling point thereof, thus allowing the attainment of high temperatures without boiling while effecting the radiation of heat.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction of sealed radiation system adaptable for automobile cooling systems or domestic radiators in which a quantity of fluid is sealed and adapted for circulation, the fluid consisting of a di-ethylene glycol solution to which there is added parts of boiled linseed oil, acetone and water, characterized by the high boiling temperature thereof.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a construction of device for sealing the radiation circuit of an automobile engine for confining the fluid, which fluid is characterized by its high boiling temperature and its low freezing temperature, permitting operation of the engine at high temperatures and avoiding detrimental effects of freezing at low temperatures.

Other and further objects of the invention reside in a construction of anl improved fluid circulating system asset forth more fully in the (Ci. 13E- 38) specification hereinafter following by reference to the accompaying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a heat radiator system embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a crosssectional view taken through the heater column in the heat radiating system of the invention; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the heater column on line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a crosssectional view through the heater column on line 4--4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a baffle member employed in the heater of the invention; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a portion of the cooling system of an automobile engine showing the manner in which the circulating path is sealed; Fig. l is a theoretical view showing the circulating path for fluid in an automobile cooling system arranged according to the invention; and Fig. 8 shows the arrangement employed for sealing the cooling system to insure the circulation of the coolant confined within the circulation path.

In the radiation system of the invention as applied either to domestic heat radiators or to the cooling system of an automobile engine, a circulating fluid is employed which consists of the following parts: di-ethylene glycol, 5% solution composed of: 2 parts boiled linseed oil, 1 part acetone, and 1 part Water.

It has been found that this solution produces extremely desirable characteristics in fluid circulating systems as the solution has a relatively high boiling point and a relatively low freezing point. Use is made of the relatively high boiling point afforded by this solution in a sealed domestic radiator system for applying heat continuously to the iluid and radiating the heat from the uid rapidly, thereby raising the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere quickly and efficiently. Use is made of this solution in a circulating system for automobile engines which is sealed for preventing leakage or evaporation of the solution While allowing rapid dissipation when the engine is operating at high temperatures and preventing freezing of the radiation system without resulting detrimental effects to the engine jacket under conditions of freezing temperatures.

Referring to the drawings in more detail, reference character I designates a cylindrical casing having terminal connections at 2 and 3 arranged for connection with the ends 5 and 9 of a pipe system arranged in a serpentine course. The terminal connection 2 of the vertically disposed column lis coupled with the end of pipe 5 through detachable coupling 4. The terminal 3 of the column I is coupled with the end of the serpentine pipe 9 through coupling I0. The pipe system is shown as having loops 6, 1 and 8 interconnecting the horizontally extending portions of the pipe system. The pressed metal heat radiating sections I4I and I5 are secured to the pipe system which passes through the radiator sections in a serpentine course. In order to illustrate the arrangement of the pipe system within each of the radiator sections, the radiator sections are shown broken away at II and I2 and have illustrated the horizontal portions of the pipe system therein in cross-section. Suitable supports I3 are provided for mounting the l5 radiation system. The vertically disposed co1- umn I has an inwardly directed cast bore at the top thereof indicated at I6 with an aperture I1 which is open to the atmosphere. The bore I6 depends downwardly within the column I and provides an upper support for the inner tubular member I8. A gasket I9 is arranged between the end of the tubular member I8 and the downwardly depending bore I6 to provide a iluidtight seal. The lower end of the tubular member I8 is supported in a socket, indicated at 20, forming the upper portion of the burner housing 24. 'I'he socket 20 has a seat formed therein for an annular gasket member 22 against which the lower end of the tubular member I8 is seated. The burner housing 24 is provided with a fluid jacket therearound as indicated at 23. The upper portion of the jacket is screw threaded as represented at 2I to receive the lower end of the column I. The housing 24 for the gas burner can, therefore, be readily screw threaded upon the lower end of the vertical column I at the same time that a tight connection is made with the lower end of tubular member I8 by the close fit provided by the socket 20 and the lower end of the tubular member I8 tting against the gasket 22. 'I'he burner housing 24 has a side opening 25 therein to allow access to the burner tip indicated at 28 in order that the gas may be readily lighted. ,The gas is supplied to the burner tip 28 through the pipe 21 which is supported in the bracket 26 which depends from the burner housing 24. 'I'he pipe 21 has a mixing valve 29 disposed thereon coupled through the pipe coupling 30 with the gas supply line which is regulated by means of regulator 3i under control of a thermostatic system operated through a control line indicated at 32. The entire assembly of the gas burner with respect to the lower end of the column I is extremely simple and practical and is capable of manufacture, production and assembly inexpensively on a quantity production basis. The interior of the tubular member I8 is provided with a baille plate member 33. 'I'he baille plate member 33 has a multiplicity of oppositely directed tongues 34 struck therefrom and each having a shape conforming with the interior of the tubular member I8. The tongues 34 project in alternately opposite direction so that a sinuous course for the gases and products of combustion is provided through the tubular member I8. By reason of the continuous change in direction to which the gases are subjected in the course of their passage through the tubular member I 8, a complete consumption of all of the products of combustion is assured so that at the discharge aperture I1 at the top of column I, there is no release of dangerous fumes or gases as such fumes have been wholly consumed throughout the passage thereof to the tubular member I8. 'I'he structure of the baille plate 33 is such that the members 34 which project in planes normal thereto are shaped to readily conform with the cross-section of the tubular member I8 and establish frictional contact with the interior walls of the tubular member I8 for maintaining the baille in position within the tubular member Il.

The solution having the characteristics of a high boiling temperature is circulated in the annular space surrounding the tuhular member I8, and throughout the vertically disposed co1- umn I as the fluid circulates around the tubular member I8 in a. relatively thin layer uniformly about the stack formed by the tubular member I8 the fluid ls raised in temperature and heat continuously supplied thereto during the cyclic movement of the fluid through the pipe system 5 6-1-8-9 from which heat is continuously abstracted by the radiator sections I4 and I5 serving to release heat to the atmosphere as rapidly as it is generated and used to heat the fluid circulating around the tubular member I8. By virtue of the extremely high boiling temperature of the circulating fluid, a considerable amount of heat may be supplied to the fluid and abstracted therefrom for heating a large area in the vicinity of the heat radiator.

When the principles of the invention are applied to a radiator for an automobile engine, the arrangement shown particularly in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 is employed. In Fig. 6, the automobile engine is designated generally at 36 having a cooling jacket 31. 'I'he :fluid inlet for the cooling jacket 31 is shown at 38 connected in series with the driving pump 39 which forces the fluid through the cooling system from the surface radiator system designated generally at 40. The surface radiator system has a lower manifold 4I connected to the circulating pump 39 and another manifold 42 arranged to receive the uid which is returned thereto through the pipe system 43, hose connection 44 and connection 45. The overflow pipe 46 which is normally employed in the radiator system is provided with a special form of closure member for preventing access to the atmosphere frorm the single radiator system. 'Ihe closure member consists of a stopper device 41 which is insertable in the top of the overflow pipe for closing the pipe. 'I'he stopper 41 has an annular groove 48 immediate- 1y below the head thereof within which the resilient strip member 48 is secured having resilient arms 50 extending downwardly in diametrically opposite position from the stopper member 41. 'I'he resilient arms 5l normally tend to wedge inwardly and the stopper member 41 is inserted in the overflow pipe 46 by forcing the arms 50 over the end of the overflow pipe 46 whereupon the sharp ends of the resilient arms 50 bite into the soft metal of the overflow pipe 46 and serve to anchor the stopper member 41 firmly therein. 'I'he stopper member serves to seal the radiator system against leakage. 'I'he coolant or fluid having the characteristics which have been described hereinbefore is lled into the radiator system to a level below the upper end of pipe 46 and thereafter will remain for a substantial time period at such level inasmuch as evaporation takes place very slowly and at the same time air is not admitted to the radiator system to interfere with the operation of the circulating system.

'I'he means provided for closing the circulatory path for the cooling fluid is represented more clearly in Fig. 8 which illustrates the stopper member 41 centered in the upper extremity of the overow pipe 46 with the grooved head 48 supporting the downwardly depending diametrically opposed resilient arms 50 which engage into the material of the overflow pipe for securing the arms in position and closing the overflow pipe for sealing the circulatory path for the cooling iiuid.

Inasmuch as the coolant possesses characteristics of high boiling temperature and low freezing temperature, the closed circulatory system of the invention gives high eflicient results by enabling greater fuel efficiency to be obtained through normal operation of an engine at temperatures above 350 F. as compared to temperatures of operation of approximately 180 F. when using Water as a coolant. In employing the system of the invention in aircraft engines, the cooling surface can be reduced by reason of the increased heat transfer which takes place at higher temperatures. The air resistance is thus decreased and the speed of the aircraft increased. In addition to this, the volume of the cooling uid is reduced thus removing weight from the front of the aircraft and enabling the pilot to more readily control the aircraft.

While the invention has been described in certain preferred embodiments, it is desired that it be understood that modifications may be made and that no limitations upon the invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claim.k

What is desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

A baille for directing the path of gases through a tubular member comprising in combination with a surrounding tubular member, a metallic strip extending longitudinally through said tubular member, said strip having quadrantal portions struck therefrom with alternate pairs of said quadrantal portions disposed in opposite directions in parallel planes normal to the axis of said strip and substantially lling the lateral area of said surrounding tubular member for establishing a spiral path for the passage of products of combustion through said tubular member for effecting the transfer of heat to the fluid in the conduit surrounding said tubular member.

BLANCHE G. EGGLESTON, Administratria: of the Estate of Robert N.

Eggleston, Deceased.

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