US2088594A - Carburizing box with inner surface resistant to carbon penetration - Google Patents

Carburizing box with inner surface resistant to carbon penetration Download PDF

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US2088594A
US2088594A US107257A US10725736A US2088594A US 2088594 A US2088594 A US 2088594A US 107257 A US107257 A US 107257A US 10725736 A US10725736 A US 10725736A US 2088594 A US2088594 A US 2088594A
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box
nickel
carburizing
carbon
penetration
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US107257A
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Henry H Harris
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks

Definitions

  • CARBURIZING BOX WITH INNER SURFACE RESISTANT TO CARBON PENETRATION Filed Oct. 23, 1936 w, 19% MJQLW Patented Aug. 3, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,088,594 CARBURIZING BOX WITH INNER SURFACE RESISTANT TO CARBON PENETRATION
  • the present invention relates to carburizing boxes for use in heat treating furnaces; this application being in part a continuation of my copending application Serial No. 19,196, filed on May Most carburizing boxes have a relatively short life due to the injurious effects of the varying conditions to which they are subjected in use. Specifically, among the difficulties which develop in carburizing boxes are that the boxes are penetrated by carbon, become porous and permit gas leakage therethrough, and solid carbon streaks form in the porosities while the metal is hot,
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a method of treating carburizing boxes to render them more resistant to carbon penetration and the formation of porous spots.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a method of coating the interior of carburizing boxes with a layer of material which will make the boxes more resistant to the penetration by carbon and less susceptible to the formation of porous centers.
  • My invention is best adapted to a carburizing box of chromium-nickel-iron composition and will be described in connection therewith, although it may be adapted for use and application but several coatings with other types, principally those of which nickel is an important constituent.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional carburizing box undergoing the treatment of my invention, the details being exaggerated for illustrative purposes;
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged similarly exaggerated sectional view through one wall thereon on the line 2-2.
  • Carburizing boxes, in use, are emptied of their contents while still extremely hot. These boxes thus have a deflnite oxidizing atmosphere when exposed to the air at high temperatures. This nickel is thus converted into the simple and higher oxides of nickel in the exposure to high temperatures incidental to use of the box, and functions thereby to resist and reduce any penetration by carbon.
  • This added resistance to carbon penetration is of two kinds: chemical and mechanical; chemical in so far as nickel and its oxides are highly resistant to carbon, and mechanical since a definite thickness of nickel and its oxides is between the box wall and the carbon within the box among the materials being heat-treated.
  • a single spray coating is ordinarily sufficient, or layers may be sprayed thereon if desired, and the ratio of nickel to other metals in the box correspondinglyincreased.
  • a carburizing box of alloy material comprising nickel, chromium, iron, etc., and an interior surface layer of oxides of nickel, said oxides being present due to a deposited interior surface layer of nickel, whereby the chemical and mechanical resistance to carbon penetration is increased.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Description

Aug. 3, 1937. H HARRIS 2,088,594
CARBURIZING BOX WITH INNER SURFACE RESISTANT TO CARBON PENETRATION Filed Oct. 23, 1936 w, 19% MJQLW Patented Aug. 3, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,088,594 CARBURIZING BOX WITH INNER SURFACE RESISTANT TO CARBON PENETRATION The present invention relates to carburizing boxes for use in heat treating furnaces; this application being in part a continuation of my copending application Serial No. 19,196, filed on May Most carburizing boxes have a relatively short life due to the injurious effects of the varying conditions to which they are subjected in use. Specifically, among the difficulties which develop in carburizing boxes are that the boxes are penetrated by carbon, become porous and permit gas leakage therethrough, and solid carbon streaks form in the porosities while the metal is hot,
which create a strain when the metal of the box contracts. Varying combinations of alloys have been developed for use in carburizing boxes to overcome these difliculties, and it has been found that a box of chromium-nickel-ironcomposition is very well adapted to resist carbon penetration and porosity formation, and thereby to have a longer relative life than ordinary steel alloy boxes.
However, these nickel-chromium-iron boxes are comparatively more expensive, and after a while they too must be laid aside due to carbon penetration at the chromium grain boundaries, the chromium having a definite affinity for carbon. It is, therefore, the main object of my invention to provide a chrome-nickel-iron carburizing box which will be highly resistant to carbon penetration and streaking.
It is a further object of my invention to provide' a carburizing box with an interior surface layer which will resist carbon penetration.
A further object of my invention is to provide a method of treating carburizing boxes to render them more resistant to carbon penetration and the formation of porous spots.
A further object of my invention is to provide a method of coating the interior of carburizing boxes with a layer of material which will make the boxes more resistant to the penetration by carbon and less susceptible to the formation of porous centers.
Further objects of my invention will in part be apparent and in part be pointed out hereinbelow in connection with thedescription of an illustrative embodiment of my improved box and I the method of making the same.
My invention is best adapted to a carburizing box of chromium-nickel-iron composition and will be described in connection therewith, although it may be adapted for use and application but several coatings with other types, principally those of which nickel is an important constituent.
In the annexed drawing, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional carburizing box undergoing the treatment of my invention, the details being exaggerated for illustrative purposes; and
Fig. 2 is an enlarged similarly exaggerated sectional view through one wall thereon on the line 2-2. my
I spray the inner surfaces of the carburizing box ID with a layer of nickel l2, preferably by means of the Shoup gun l4, whereby the coating material is sprayed as it is melted. Carburizing boxes, in use, are emptied of their contents while still extremely hot. These boxes thus have a deflnite oxidizing atmosphere when exposed to the air at high temperatures. This nickel is thus converted into the simple and higher oxides of nickel in the exposure to high temperatures incidental to use of the box, and functions thereby to resist and reduce any penetration by carbon. This added resistance to carbon penetration is of two kinds: chemical and mechanical; chemical in so far as nickel and its oxides are highly resistant to carbon, and mechanical since a definite thickness of nickel and its oxides is between the box wall and the carbon within the box among the materials being heat-treated.
A single spray coating is ordinarily sufficient, or layers may be sprayed thereon if desired, and the ratio of nickel to other metals in the box correspondinglyincreased.
Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A carburizing box of alloy material comprising nickel, chromium, iron, etc., and an interior surface layer of oxides of nickel, said oxides being present due to a deposited interior surface layer of nickel, whereby the chemical and mechanical resistance to carbon penetration is increased.
2. The process of imparting enhanced chemical and physical resistance to carbon penetration to a carburizing box of an alloy material comprising nickel, chromium, iron, etc., which consists of spraying the interior surface of the box with nickel in molten, finely-divided state, thereby depositing a layer of nickel thereon, and thereafter exposing the box to high heat converting said nickel layer into a layer of oxides of nickel.
HENRY HARRIS.
US107257A 1936-10-23 1936-10-23 Carburizing box with inner surface resistant to carbon penetration Expired - Lifetime US2088594A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2463633A (en) * 1943-02-13 1949-03-08 Levi S Longenecker Sand seal shoe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2463633A (en) * 1943-02-13 1949-03-08 Levi S Longenecker Sand seal shoe

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