US2082182A - Manufacture of abrasive articles - Google Patents
Manufacture of abrasive articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2082182A US2082182A US576414A US57641431A US2082182A US 2082182 A US2082182 A US 2082182A US 576414 A US576414 A US 576414A US 57641431 A US57641431 A US 57641431A US 2082182 A US2082182 A US 2082182A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- field
- carrier
- manufacture
- backing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001691 amnion Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
- B24D11/005—Making abrasive webs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S101/00—Printing
- Y10S101/37—Printing employing electrostatic force
Definitions
- My invention relates to the manufacture of abrasive articlespand is particularly concerned with the production of flexible abrasive material of which one example is sand paper.
- An object of the invention is to produce a sand paper having a maximum abrading efliciency by means of a process wherein the particles are dispersed to form a uniform coating upon the ad- 1 hesive surface of a web or carrier.
- the invention is applicable in'the manufacture of both open coated and closed coated sand paper and may be used with varying grades and sizes of particles.
- the figure is a diagrammatic view of the invent on.
- the numeral l 0 indicates a hopper in which are disposed the abrasive particles which, are preferably usually employed in the manufacture of sand paper.
- the particle mixture comprises the customary under grade, control grade, and over grade" in which the control grade predominates.
- a suitable gate H Disposed below the hopper is a suitable gate H which will preferably be adjustable, so as to control the feed of ,the particles from the hopper.
- the particles are released from the hopper in controlled amounts to a web II, which is preferably provided with an adhesive surface l3.
- the web may consist of paper, cloth or a laminated material composed of paper and cloth, or in fact any usual backing or carrier known in the art is continuously fed in a preferably horizontal direction in accordance withthe arrow, being supported and carried over suitable rollers ll,-a nd that the lines of force created by the electrical field are substantially parallel to the web.
- the lines of force of this field are parallel to the surface of the carrier and are disposed entirely at one side thereof and in the present instance above the carrier.
- the strength of the field will be varied in accordance with the nature of the particles and the character of the coatingrequired, and can also be varied in accordance with the distance of the field from the web. 0
- the feed of 2 the particles may be regulated in accordance with the strength of the electrical field.
- the electrodes 14 and I5 may be agreater or less distance apart, depending upon the article .to be prepared, and the nature of the abrasive particles and, as stated, the strength of the field may be varied.
- the web having an adhesive surface is continuously coated and is only necessary that the feed and the strength and position of the field be suitably regulated, whence the positions of the particles is controlled.
- My invention is adapted for the production of either open coated or closed coated paper and .while I have referred herein to sand specifically as the abrasive material, it will be understood that other abrasives of a particle nature are oper-' able with this invention. '5
- the steps which comprise continuously feeding the particles as individually separated bodies to and through an electrical field in which the electrodes creating the-same are disposed entirely at one side of the carrier whereby the particles must pass through the field in theirtravel to the carrier, and passing the particles from the field to acontinuously moving backing having an adhesive surface in adirection constituting an alteration of the action of the gravitational force due to the mutual repulslveness of the particles and to the lines of force created by said field whereby the particles are applied to the adhesively coated backing in dispersed relation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
June 1, 1937. E. c. SCHACHT 2,082,182
MANUFACTURE OF ABRASIVE ARTICLES Filed Nov. 20, 1951 amnion Maw Patented June 1, 1937 7' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application November 20,1931, Serial No. 576,414
4 Claims.
My invention relates to the manufacture of abrasive articlespand is particularly concerned with the production of flexible abrasive material of which one example is sand paper.
5 An object of the invention is to produce a sand paper having a maximum abrading efliciency by means of a process wherein the particles are dispersed to form a uniform coating upon the ad- 1 hesive surface of a web or carrier.
I have found that if an electrical field be provided between a hopper or other feeding source and the web to be coated, which field will be so sand distribution having the-maximum number of cutting points.
The invention is applicable in'the manufacture of both open coated and closed coated sand paper and may be used with varying grades and sizes of particles.
In the drawing:
i The figure is a diagrammatic view of the invent on.
Referring to the drawing, the numeral l 0 indicates a hopper in which are disposed the abrasive particles which, are preferably usually employed in the manufacture of sand paper.
The particle mixture comprises the customary under grade, control grade, and over grade" in which the control grade predominates.
Disposed below the hopper is a suitable gate H which will preferably be adjustable, so as to control the feed of ,the particles from the hopper. The particles are released from the hopper in controlled amounts to a web II, which is preferably provided with an adhesive surface l3. The web may consist of paper, cloth or a laminated material composed of paper and cloth, or in fact any usual backing or carrier known in the art is continuously fed in a preferably horizontal direction in accordance withthe arrow, being supported and carried over suitable rollers ll,-a nd that the lines of force created by the electrical field are substantially parallel to the web.
The field is created by reason of the spaced I electrodes I4 and I5, one of which will be charged and the other grounded. In the present instance, I have shown the electrode H as negatively charged and the terminal l5 grounded. Obviously this arrangement can be reversed.
The lines of force of this field, as stated, are parallel to the surface of the carrier and are disposed entirely at one side thereof and in the present instance above the carrier.
The strength of the field will be varied in accordance with the nature of the particles and the character of the coatingrequired, and can also be varied in accordance with the distance of the field from the web. 0
It should be understood also that the feed of 2 the particles may be regulated in accordance with the strength of the electrical field.
Upon reference to the drawing, it will be observed that by reasonof the lines of force set up in the field, the particles become charged and thus mutually repellent, causing them to shower or fan-out.
By reason of this process, I obtain a uniform I dispersement to produce a level sand distribution 30 having maximum number of cutting points.
The electrodes 14 and I5 may be agreater or less distance apart, depending upon the article .to be prepared, and the nature of the abrasive particles and, as stated, the strength of the field may be varied.
By reason of the process, the web having an adhesive surface is continuously coated and is only necessary that the feed and the strength and position of the field be suitably regulated, whence the positions of the particles is controlled.
In some cases, I find it desirable to employ a screen or shield Hi to confine the particles, although this is not essential.
My invention is adapted for the production of either open coated or closed coated paper and .while I have referred herein to sand specifically as the abrasive material, it will be understood that other abrasives of a particle nature are oper-' able with this invention. '5
It will be clear that the gravitational feed of the particles'from the hopper III and feed roller or gate ll, causes them to enter the electrical field and pass therethrough. Upon becoming charged the particles are mutually repellent and their direction is changed from that due to the gravitational force alone, to a resultant which is the combined effect of the gravitational force and the respective repellent actions of the particles to each other, plus the action of the lines of force. In this manner, the dispostion of the particles upon the carrier is controlled to produce the desired eifectsoi' uniform dispersement, resulting in an abrasive surface having the particles permanently associated and possessing a maximum cutting efliciency.
What I claim is:
1. In the art of preparing abrasive articles, wherein abrasive particles are depositedv upon the adhesive surface of a backing, the steps which comprise feeding the particles as individually vseparated bodies to and through an electrical field in which the electrodes creating the same are disposed entirely at one side of the carrier whereby the particles must pass through the field in their travel to the carrier, and passing the particles from the field to adhesive surface of the backing in a direction constituting an alteration of the action of the gravitational force due to the mutual repulsiveness' of the particles and to the lines of force created through the field on their way to the carrier,
and passing the particles from the field to the adhesive surface of the backing in a direction constituting an alteration of the action of the gravitational force due to the mutual repulsiveness of the particles and to the lines of force created by said field whereby the particles are applied to the adhesively coated backing in dispersed relation.
3. In the art of preparing abrasive articles, wherein abrasive particles are deposited upon the adhesive surface oi a backing, the steps which comprise continuously feeding the particles as individually separated bodies to and through an electrical field in which the electrodes creating the-same are disposed entirely at one side of the carrier whereby the particles must pass through the field in theirtravel to the carrier, and passing the particles from the field to acontinuously moving backing having an adhesive surface in adirection constituting an alteration of the action of the gravitational force due to the mutual repulslveness of the particles and to the lines of force created by said field whereby the particles are applied to the adhesively coated backing in dispersed relation.
4. In the art 'of preparing abrasive articles, wherein abrasive particles are deposited upon the adhesive surface of a backing, the steps which comprise continuously feeding the particles to and through an electrical field in which the electrodes creating the same are disposed entirely at one side of the carrier and having its lines of force parallel to the surface whereby the particles must pass through the field on their way to the carrier, and passing the particles from the field to a continuously moving backing having an adhesive surface in a direction constituting an'alteration of the action of the gravitational force due to the mutual repulsiveness of the particles and to the lines of force created by said field whereby the particles are applied to the adhesively coated backing in dispersed relation.
ELMER C. SCHACHT.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US576415A US2027308A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2082182A true US2082182A (en) | 1937-06-01 |
Family
ID=24304327
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US576413A Expired - Lifetime US2245301A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
US576414A Expired - Lifetime US2082182A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
US576415A Expired - Lifetime US2027308A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US576413A Expired - Lifetime US2245301A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US576415A Expired - Lifetime US2027308A (en) | 1931-11-20 | 1931-11-20 | Manufacture of abrasive articles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US2245301A (en) |
DE (1) | DE590459C (en) |
FR (1) | FR731457A (en) |
GB (1) | GB396385A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3468691A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1969-09-23 | Lipoma Electronics Co | Method of and apparatus for the electrostatic application of solid particles to articles |
US3680779A (en) * | 1970-10-05 | 1972-08-01 | Oxy Dry Sprayer Corp | Method and apparatus for electrostatic spraying |
US3900602A (en) * | 1970-05-15 | 1975-08-19 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for the manufacture of catalytic layers for electrodes in electrochemical cells, particularly fuel cells |
US4120713A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1978-10-17 | A/S Weston Taeppefabrik | Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product |
US4138284A (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1979-02-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of forming graded shade band on substrate |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2447374A (en) * | 1934-04-25 | 1948-08-17 | Granne Trust Company | Method of applying coating materials |
US2476145A (en) * | 1944-08-12 | 1949-07-12 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Protection of surfaces |
US2742018A (en) * | 1952-01-02 | 1956-04-17 | Lindquist Theodore | Apparatus for coating by electrostatic force |
US2742185A (en) * | 1954-01-11 | 1956-04-17 | Norton Co | Method and apparatus for feeding and dispensing particulate materials |
DE1080512B (en) * | 1954-05-11 | 1960-04-28 | Saladin & Co | Method and device for producing plush, velvet, velor, artificial suede, emery cloth, sandpaper or the like by electrostatically driving in small particles |
DE1163340B (en) * | 1955-04-23 | 1964-02-20 | Gerhard Ritzerfeld | Lithographic printing form foil and process for their production |
US2976839A (en) * | 1955-08-29 | 1961-03-28 | D & S Proc Company Inc | Apparatus for making pile fabrics |
US2995393A (en) * | 1957-10-30 | 1961-08-08 | Nalco Chemical Co | Method and apparatus for increasing the coefficient of friction between metal surfaces |
US2975757A (en) * | 1958-02-26 | 1961-03-21 | Gen Motors Corp | Electrostatic paint spray |
US2970929A (en) * | 1958-03-12 | 1961-02-07 | Norton Co | Manufacture of coated abrasives |
US3122320A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1964-02-25 | Ford Motor Co | Method for filling electrically charged receptacle |
US3128773A (en) * | 1961-03-15 | 1964-04-14 | American Mach & Foundry | Cigarette making machine |
US3160524A (en) * | 1962-02-13 | 1964-12-08 | Xerox Corp | Apparatus for charging powder particles and applying the charged particles to a receiving member |
NL6504837A (en) * | 1964-04-23 | 1965-10-25 | ||
US3292045A (en) * | 1964-04-23 | 1966-12-13 | Oxy Dry Sprayer Corp | Electrostatic powder sprayer |
USB362128I5 (en) * | 1964-04-23 | |||
US3273016A (en) * | 1964-04-23 | 1966-09-13 | Oxy Dry Sprayer Corp | Powder sprayers |
US3402658A (en) * | 1965-01-06 | 1968-09-24 | Owens Illinois Inc | Electrical printing method which changes image size during powder transfer |
US3457080A (en) * | 1966-02-07 | 1969-07-22 | Lipoma Electronics Co | Method of and apparatus for the electrostatic application of solid particles to food products |
NL135855C (en) * | 1966-04-08 | |||
US3488411A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1970-01-06 | Alumacraft Marine Products Cor | Production of low density thin gauge plastic articles |
US3341740A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1967-09-12 | Oxy Dry Sprayer Corp | Powder sprayer with flexible blades |
US3415222A (en) * | 1967-03-20 | 1968-12-10 | Indev Inc | Electrostatic grid |
NL156300B (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1978-04-17 | N Proizv Ob Agropribor | DEVICE FOR EASILY BONDING OF GRAINY MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR INSECT EGGS, ON A MOVING TAPE-SHAPED UNDERLAY. |
JPS5393396A (en) * | 1977-01-28 | 1978-08-16 | Yazaki Corp | Abnormal sound preventive connector and method of producing same |
DE2802020A1 (en) * | 1978-01-18 | 1979-07-19 | Artos Meier Windhorst Kg | ARRANGEMENT FOR FIXING PRINTS WITH REACTIVE AND COUPLING DYES |
-
1931
- 1931-11-20 US US576413A patent/US2245301A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1931-11-20 US US576414A patent/US2082182A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1931-11-20 US US576415A patent/US2027308A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1932
- 1932-02-01 GB GB2971/32A patent/GB396385A/en not_active Expired
- 1932-02-07 DE DEB154261D patent/DE590459C/en not_active Expired
- 1932-02-16 FR FR731457D patent/FR731457A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3468691A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1969-09-23 | Lipoma Electronics Co | Method of and apparatus for the electrostatic application of solid particles to articles |
US3900602A (en) * | 1970-05-15 | 1975-08-19 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for the manufacture of catalytic layers for electrodes in electrochemical cells, particularly fuel cells |
US3680779A (en) * | 1970-10-05 | 1972-08-01 | Oxy Dry Sprayer Corp | Method and apparatus for electrostatic spraying |
US4138284A (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1979-02-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of forming graded shade band on substrate |
US4120713A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1978-10-17 | A/S Weston Taeppefabrik | Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2245301A (en) | 1941-06-10 |
US2027308A (en) | 1936-01-07 |
DE590459C (en) | 1934-01-03 |
FR731457A (en) | 1932-09-03 |
GB396385A (en) | 1933-08-01 |
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