US2067761A - Weft severing mechanism for looms - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12, 1937. w. R. HEWTON WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR L6OMS .Filfed July 24, 1935 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR: mlbiam R. 77211113011 3 w. R. HEWTON WEFT SEVERINGMECHANISM FOR LOOMS 6 Shets-Shet 2 Filed July 24, 1935 t INVENTOR: WiZiiam R. mwm

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Jan. 12, 1937. w. R. HEWTON WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR LooMs Filed July 24, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR: "6555mm 1?. TIER/ion.

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Jan. 12, 1937. w. R. HEWTON 2,067,7 61

WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed July 24, 1955 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIC71 ZIZ TYiLZJiam RJ-lBWm TTORNEYS.

Jan. 12, 1937. w. R. HEWTON WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 24, 1935 FIG m WITNESSES INVENTOR: Wr/Umm Emu/Eon, BY

TORNEYS Jam; 12, 1937. w. R. HEWTON WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed July 24, 1935. s Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR: Wiiliam Rfikwion,

TTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 12, 1937 WEFT SEVERING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS William R. Hewton, Philadelphia, Pa, assignor to Collins & Aikman Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa, a corporation of Delaware Application July 24, 1935, Serial No. 32,823

12 Claims. (01. 139-263) This invention relates to weft severing mechanism useful in connection with automatic weft replenishing looms, particularly double fabric looms fitted with automatic bobbin change mechanism.

This invention has to do with the severing of the trailing ends of the wefts extending from the selvages of the cloth being woven and the shuttles of the looms at the times when fresh filled bobbins from the magazines of the weft replenishing mechanism are substituted in the shuttles for bobbins which are empty or very nearly so.

The purpose of my invention is to make it possible to sever the trailing weft ends with precision and positiveness and so preclude entanglement with each other and with the moving parts of the loom. This desideratum I realize in practice as hereinafter more fully disclosed, through provision of a simple and reliable automatic severing mechanism for single or double fabric looms embodying devices, one for each shuttle, which, when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment, is thrust laterally into the shuttle box, clamps the weft at opposite sides of a grated opening in the shuttle, and cuts the portion of the weft overlying the bars of the grating.

Another object of my invention is to provide for the actuation of the clamping and severing devices above referred to through movement derived from the lay of the loom so that the severing is effected just as the lay completes a final active stroke to beat up the trailing end of the weft of the exhausted bobbin into the fabric and while the shuttle is awaiting replenishment in the shuttle box.

Other objects and attendant advantages of this invention will appear from the detailed description which follows of the attached drawings, wherein Fig. I is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a double fabric automatic weft replenishing loom conveniently embodying the weft severing mechanism of my invention.

Fig. II is a fragmentary plan section taken as indicated by the arrows IIII in Fig. I.

Fig. III is a transverse fragmentary section of the loom taken as indicated by the arrows IIIIII in Figs. I and II.

Fig. IV is a fragmentary detail section on a larger scale taken as indicated by the arrows IVIV in Fig. II and showing the elements whereby the clamping and severing devices are directly actuated.

Fig. V is a fragmentary detail view corresponding to Fig. IV showing the parts in a different position.

Fig. VI is a detail sectional view taken as indicated by the arrows VI-VI in Fig. V.

Fig. VII is a fragmentary detail sectional view in plan taken as indicated by the arrows VIIVII in Fig. IV, and showing one of the weft clamping and severing devices in its normal position in relation to the shuttle.

Fig. VIII is a view like Fig. VII showing the weft clamping and severing devices in operative position in relation to the shuttle.

Fig. IX is a vertical detail sectional view taken as indicated by the arrows IX-IX in Fig. VIII.

Fig. X is a perspective view showing how the weft is cut incident to interchange of bobbins in a shuttle of the loom. 15

Fig. XI is a perspective view of one of the weft clamping and severing devices.

Fig. XII is a detail sectional View taken as indicated by the arrows XII--XII in Fig. XI.

Fig. XIII is a perspective view of the knife member of one of the clamping and severing devices; and

Fig. XIV is a perspective View of one of the shuttles of the loom.

The loom which I have chosen to illustrate my invention is an automatic double pile fabric bobbin changing loom generally of the construction disclosed in a pending application No. 750,626 filed by me jointly with Whitworth F. Bird, whereto reference may be had for details herein omitted. As shown, the loom has a lay I which is reciprocated horizontally through coaction of rollers 2 thereon with rotary cams 3 on a constantly driven shaft 4. At opposite sides, the loom is provided with stationary shuttle boxes whereof one is shown at 5 in Figs. I-IV, said boxes having top and bottom shuttle compartments 6 and l. Incident to weaving of double fabric F (Fig. X) in the loom, two shuttles are concurrently thrown in opposite directions from the respective shuttle boxes 5 when the lay l is in the retracted position shown in Fig. I, through the subdivisions of the double shed S, S formed by the warps W, the shuttle assigned for passage between the upper compartments of said boxes being shown in full lines at 8 in several of the figures, and the shuttle assigned for passage between the bottom compartments of said boxes being shown in dot and dash lines in Fig. IV only where it is designated by the numeral 9. Mounted over the illustrated shuttle box 5 is a storage magazine l0 for fresh filled bobbins which are to be used to replace the bobbins in the shuttles by automatic mechanism actuated from the lay I after the manner set forth in the pending application 5 supra. Insofar as the automatic bobbin changing mechanism of the loom is illustrated, it comprises an actuating shaft II which is horizontally supported for oscillation in bearings on the frame of the bobbin magazine I3. Within the magazine I is a vertical bobbin-ejecting plunger I2 which is coupled, by means of a link I3 with an arm I4 on the shaft I I, the latter also carrying a pendant arm I5 with lateral projections I6 and I? adapted to be engaged respectively by hook levers I8 and I9 independently fulcrumed at and 2| on the lay I. Normally, the hook levers I8 and I3 rest horizontally upon stops 22 and 23 on a fixed upright bracket 24 with their hook ends respectively in the range of lateral stud projections 25 and 26 on the armatures 27 and 28 of vertically positioned solenoids 29, 30 which are suitably supported in fixed relation to the frame of the loom. When the solenoid 29 is energized and the hook lever I8 thereby lifted into engagement with the stud I 5, the arm I5 is moved counterclockwise in Fig. I incident to a beat stroke of the lay I to effect ejection through the plunger I2, of a filled bobbin B from the magazine I0 and depression of such bobbin into the lower shuttle 9 while the latter rests temporarily in the bottom compartment of the shuttle box 5 with incidental ejection of a substantially empty bobbinfrom said shuttle. When the solenoid 33 is energized to couple the hook lever I9 with the stud I! of the arm I5, the plunger I2 is similarly actuated during a beat movement of the lay through a shorter stroke and depresses a filled bobbin B from the magazine In into the upper shuttle 3 while the latter rests temporarily in the topcompartment 6 of the shuttle box 5, the timing of the excitation of the solenoids 29, 33 being determined after the manner set forth in the previous application hereinbefore referred to. The movements of the shaft I I are yieldingly resisted by a torsion spring 3| which tends to maintain a finger 32 on said shaft in engagement with a fixed transverse rod 33 on the magazine III. The loom is moreover provided with a revolving spool 35 for collecting the loose ends of the wefts T, T, Figs. I and X extending from the edge of the fabric F after severance as later on explained, said spool being journaled in a fixed bracket 36 and constantly rotated by a belt 37 in the direction indicated from the drive shaft (not illustrated) of the loom. Projecting from the spool 35 is a pair of radial weft engaging hooks 38 which move through the slot 39 of a fixed arcuate guard 43 partly surrounding said spool. A Weighted deflector 3i freely pivoted on the bracket 35 and operated by a solenoid d2, normally keeps the wefts out of the range of the hooks 38 of the spool 35. When, for example, the upper shuttle 8 is to be replenished, the deflector 4! is swung downward to the position shown in Fig. X to permit the trailing end of the weft T between said shuttle and the selvage of the fabric F, to fall back against the guard 43 into the range of the hooks 38 on the spool 35, and to be caught by one or the other of said hooks, torn from the fabric, and collected upon said spool. To insure engagement of the wefts T with the guard 40 at the time of the severance, the upper end of a double ended bristle brush 43 on the lay I presses said weft forward as shown in Fig. X as said lay completes its beat strokes.

The weft severing mechanism with which the present invention is more especially concerned, includes a lever 45 pendant from one end of the cross rod 33 of the bobbin magazine ID, see Figs. IV and V more particularly. As shown, the lever 45 is free on the cross rod 33 and subject to the action of a torsion spring 46 (Fig. VI) having one of its ends secured to a fixed collar 41 on the rod, and its other end secured to said lever. As a consequence of this arrangement, the lever 45 is maintained in contact with a roller 48 at the end of a wiper arm 39 on the shaft II. The portion 45a of the lever 45 with which the roller contacts is of arcuate configuration, the curvature being concentric with the axis of the shaft I I when said arm is in the normal retracted position indicated in dot-and-dash lines in Fig. IV. An abutment member in the form of a gravity influenced pin 50 is axially slidable in a vertical aperture 5| in the top of the lever 45 within the limits imposed, on the one hand, by a head 52 on said pin, and on the other hand, by a stop projection 53 on the fulcrum boss of the lever. The function of the pin 50 will be later on explained. Pivotally connected to the lever 45, at 55 and 56 respectively are horizontal members in the form of slides 51 and 58 having their front ends passing through guide apertures in the shuttle checks 59 and 60 of the shuttle box 5. Each of the slides 51 and 58 terminates in an open head BI which carries three transversely-aligned plunger; a central plunger 62 with a knife end 52a, and two side plungers 63 With buffers 64 of rubber or the like at their outer ends. Individual springs 65 urge the plungers 62 and 63 forward so that stop collars 36 on them normally bear against the cross bars 6'! of the heads GI on the slides 51 and 58. As shown, the collar 55 associated with each knife plunger 52-is square with opposite flats bearing against the sides of the central openings in the corresponding head 3I to prevent rotation of said plunger.

The shuttles 8 and 9 are similar in construction, and, as exemplified in Fig. XIV, each has a central slot 68 vertically through it to accommodate a bobbin B. The shuttle 8, moreover, has an opening or eye 59 near one end thereof and a longitudinal recess III in one side for the weft T. According to my present invention, each shuttle 8 and 9 is further provided in its longitudinally recessed side adjacent the eye 69 with a grated opening II, the grating being formed in this instance by parallel vertical rods or wires I2 extending crosswise of said opening.

The operation of the weft-severing mechanism is as follows:

Let it be assumed in Figs. II and III that the shuttle 8 has just come to rest in the box 5 in readiness for weft replenishment. Immediately the solenoid 36 is energized and the hook lever I9 engaged with a pin I i on the arm I 5 while the lay is retracted as previously explained. Also at the same time, the solenoid 42 is energized to move the weft guard M to the position shown in Fig. X. Upon the next forward or beat movement of the lay I, the shaft II is turned counter-clockwise with attendant movement of the wiper arm 49 downward from the position 49a to the position 391) in Fig. IV. As the roller 43 on the arm 49,

engages. the protruding lower end of the pin 50 as shown in Fig. IV, the lever $5 is given a quick movement from the normal dot and dash line position to the full line position. By this sudden movement of the lever 4-5, the slides 57 and 58 are thrust laterally into the shuttle box 5, the thrust of the slide 58 being an idle one since the shuttle 3 at this time is absent from said shuttle box. As the slide 57 is thrust inward of the shuttle box 5 in the manner just explained, the buffers 54 on the plungers 33 are the first to encounter the shuttle 8 and clamp the weft (lying at this time in the longitudinal recess 10 of the shuttle) .at opposite sides of the grated opening H in said shuttle, and hold said weft taut across the grating. As the thrust of the slide 5'! continues, the knife 62a at the end of the plunger 62 penetrates the grating of the shuttle 8 and cuts the weft in the interval between two of the grate bars as clearly shown in Figs. IV, VIII, IX and X. Obviously the clamp plungers 63 effectively hold the weft against yielding so that the severing is effected with precision and positiveness. In practice, the grated openings H in the shuttles are made sufliciently long to insure registry with the clamping and severing devices notwithstanding slight variations in the positioning of said shuttles in the shuttle box. As the lay I completes its beat stroke, the main portion of the old weft T is held by crossing of the warps behind it and as a consequence of being pressed by the reed on the lay against the fell of the cloth, while the severed end of said weft is caught by one of the hooks 38 of the spool 35 and torn away at or outward of the selvage of the fabric F in the manner already understood, the roller on the wiper arm 39 having by this time cleared the pin 50 and the lever 45 pulled back by the spring 56 to withdraw the clamp plungers 63 from said weft end. The severing of the weft end T takes place of course just before the exhausted bobbin B is displaced from the shuttle 8 by a fresh bobbin B which in the meantime is ejected from the bobbin magazine I 0 and carried down into the shuttle box 5 by the plunger l2. As the wiper arm 49 moves upward concurrently with retraction of the lay I, the roller 48 lifts the abutment pin 50 as shown in Fig. V so that no movement is imparted to the lever 45 at this time. The clamping and severing devicesthus remain withdrawn so as not to interfere with the movement of the shuttles 8 and 9.

Severance of the weft of the shuttle 9 takes place in exactly the same way during a weft replenishing cycle when said shuttle is indicated for replenishment and at a time when the shuttle 8 is absent from the shuttle box 5.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination in a loom having a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft-replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a grate across an opening at one side of the shuttle, means for clamping the trailing end of the weft against the grate on the shuttle when the latter is indicated for replenishment and resting in the shuttle box, and for penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

2. The combination in a stationary loom having a shuttle, a shuttle box and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a member adapted to laterally enter the shuttle box when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box, a pair of yielding plungers confined to axial movement on the member for clamping the trailing end of. the weft against the side of the shuttle, a yielding knife plunger on the member between the clamp plungers for severing the weft while so clamped, and means for moving the member into the shuttle box as aforesaid.

3. The combination in a stationary loom having a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic Weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a grate across an opening in one side of the shuttle, a member adapted to laterally enter the shuttle box when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box,

means on said member for clamping the trailing end of the weft at opposite sides of the grated opening in the shuttle, a knife on said member adapted to penetrate the grating on the shuttle and sever the weft while so clamped, and means for moving the member into the shuttle box as aforesaid.

4. The combination in a loom having a lay, a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a grate across an opening in one side of the shuttle, a member deriving movement from the lay for clamping the trailing end of the weft against the grate on the shuttle when the latter is indicated for replenishment and resting in the shuttle box, and a member for concurrently penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

5. The combination in a loom having a lay, a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism with a bobbin magazine and a shaft actuated from the lay to operate means for ejecting a bobbin from said magazine when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in the shuttle box; of weft severing mechanism including a grate across an opening in one side of the shuttle, a member operated from the shaft aforesaid for clamping the trailing end of the weft against the grate on the shuttle, and a concurrently operated member for penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

6. The combination in a loom having a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a lever, a member connected to the swinging end of the lever and adapted to laterally enter the shuttle box when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box, clamp the trailing end of the weft against a surface of the shuttle, and sever the weft while so clamped, at rock shaft, means for giving the rock shaft one oscillation incident to each weft replenishment, an actuating arm on said shaft, and means determining actuation of the lever aforesaid by the arm during the swing of said arm in one direction only.

7. The combination in a loom having a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including a lever, a member connected to the swinging end of the lever and adapted to laterally enter the shuttle box when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box, clamp the trailing end of the weft against the side of the shuttle, and sever the weft while so clamped, a rock shaft, means for giving the rock shaft one oscillation for each weft replenishment, an arm on said shaft wiping an arcuate portion of the lever concentric with the shaft, and a gravityinfiuenced pin with one end projecting radially inward of said arcuate portion of the lever, said pin yielding to displacement when the arm moves in one direction but resisting displacement when said arm moves in the opposite direction with resultant impartation of movement to the lever.

8. The combination in a loom having a lay, a shuttle, a shuttle box, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism with a bobbin magazine and a rock shaft actuated from the lay to operate means for ejecting a bobbin from said magazine when the shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in the shuttle box; of weft severing mechanism including a lever, means on the swinging end of the lever adapted to laterally enan armon the actuating shaft of the bobbin vmagazine adapted to wipe said lever and thereby effect operation of the clamping and severing means as aforesaid.

9. The combination in a double fabric loom having two shuttles adapted to be concurrently picked from opposite sides of the loom, a shuttle box with separate compartments for the two shuttles and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including grates across openings in the sides of the respective shuttles, means operative when one or the other shuttle is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box, for clamping the trailing end of the weft against the grate on such shuttle, and for penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

10. The combination in a double fabric loom having a lay, two shuttles adapted to be concurrently thrown from opposite sides of the loom, a shuttle box with separate compartments for the two shuttles, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism; of weft severing mechanism including grates across openings in the sides of the respective shuttles and means deriving movement from the lay and operative when one or the other shuttle is indicated for replenishment and; resting in said box, for clamping the trailing end of the weft against the grate on such shuttle, and for penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

11. The combination in a double fabric loom having a lay, two shuttles adapted to be concurrently picked from opposite sides of the loom, a shuttle box with separate compartments for the two shuttles, and automatic Weft replenishing mechanism with a shaft to actuate means for ejecting a bobbin from the magazine when one or the other of the shuttles is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box; of weft severing mechanism including grates across openings in the sides of the respective shuttles, means operated from the shaft aforesaid for clamping the trailing end of the weft of the indicated shuttle against the grate on such shuttle, and for penetrating the grate to sever the weft while so clamped.

12. The combination in a double fabric loom having a lay, two shuttles adapted to be concurrently picked from opposite sides of the loom, a stationary shuttle box with separate compartments for the two shuttles, and automatic weft replenishing mechanism with a shaft to actuate means for ejecting a bobbin from the magazine when one or the other of the shuttles is indicated for replenishment and resting in said box; of weft severing mechanism including grates across openings in the sides of the respective shuttles, a lever operated from the shaft aforesaid, a pair of members on said lever adapted to laterally enter the respective compartments of the shuttle box, and means on each of said members for clamping the trailing end of the weft of the corresponding shuttle against the grate on the shuttle when such shuttle is indicated as aforesaid,

and for penetrating the grate to sever the yarn while so clamped.

WILLIAM R. HEWTON.

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