US2050004A - Process for coating articles of food - Google Patents
Process for coating articles of food Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2050004A US2050004A US687915A US68791533A US2050004A US 2050004 A US2050004 A US 2050004A US 687915 A US687915 A US 687915A US 68791533 A US68791533 A US 68791533A US 2050004 A US2050004 A US 2050004A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- food
- articles
- skin
- smoking
- envelope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960001777 castor oil Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 aliphatic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/044—Smoking; Smoking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/10—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for coating articles of food, whereby solutions or emulsions prepared from disintegrated animal substances of especially albuminous character constitute the starting materials.
- emulsions are made with the aid of water or aqueous liquids, or solutions of substances such as glue, gelatine etc. obtained by treating the respective animal substances with steam. Then the smoked articles of food are either dipped into the respective emulsions or solutions or coated therewith. Finally the water forming a part of the emulsion or solution adhering to the respective articles of food is caused to evaporate, whereupon there will remain upon the latter an envelope or a skin, that is hardened by known hardening agents, f. i. formaldehyde.
- the coating, envelope or skin is produced upon articles of food not after the same have been exposed to smoke but prior thereto.
- the hams or sausages etc. have been prepared in known manner for, smoking by cleaning and salting, they are, according to this invention, dipped directly into the above mentioned solution or emulsion. Then the articles are withdrawn from the solution or suspension, and the water contained in the adhering layer of the same is caused to evaporate so that a nearly dry envelope or skin remains on the articles of food, whereupon they are with the adhering skin suspended in the smoking chamber.
- the useful effect obtained by this reversal of the working steps is, that the coating forming 5 the envelope or skin remains pliable and elastic and follows the changes of the shape and the volume of the articles of food, when these become dry, so that empty spaces between the envelope or skin and the food-material are com- 10 pletely obviated.
- the operation is simplified in that one of the stages formerly necessary, namely the hardening, can now be dispensed with entirely.
- the smoking is effected with the aid of a particular smoking powder, which when being ignited develops gases exerting a hardening action upon the albuminous substances in the envelope or skin.
- a smoking powder which is to be added to the sawdust or similar combustible material,
- Waste of skins or other animal albuminous materials iscareiully cleaned. Similarly also the gelatine is cleaned. Thereafter the material is disintegrated and ground by means of a suitable 40 apparatus, for instance a wet mill or a roller rubbing machine in which water or an aqueous salt solution is added during the grinding.
- a suitable 40 apparatus for instance a wet mill or a roller rubbing machine in which water or an aqueous salt solution is added during the grinding.
- the proportions are so chosen, that the suspension formed contains from 12 to 35% of solid mattel.
- To this suspension are added about 5% of a mixture consisting of about parts of castoroil and of about 50 parts of glycerine.
- the finished emulsion is heated to about 50 0., prior to its use.
- the hams or sausages or the like pre- 50 pared in known manner for the smoking procedure are then dipped into the heated emulsion for about 1 second and thereupon dried up for about half an hour, during which time an envelope or a skin permeable to--smoke forms upon the respective articles of food.
- these articles are introduced into the smoke chamber, in which is ignited a smoke powder composed of about 98% of wood chips or sawdust or the like, about 1.5% of a mixture of known spices and used for the purpose in view and 0.5% substances, which have a hardening effect on the albumin, for instance formaldehyde.
- the smoking is then efiected in the known manner.
- solutions of glue or gelatine or similar substances may be used.
- a particularly valuable property of the envelopes or skins produced according to this improved process resides therein that the fresh appearance and color of the articles of food is permanently preserved.
- LA process for coating articles of food preparatory to smoking which consists of disintegrating waste animal substances, mixing the disintegrated substances with a hot aqueous liquid thus producing an emulsion, adding to the emulsion castor oil and glycerine, thereupon quickly dipping the unsmoked articles in the emulsion, and then drying the articles to form a skin thereon and finally smoking the articles with the aid of a smoking powder, which contains formaldehyde.
- a process for coating articles of food preparatory to smoking which consists of disintegrating waste animal substances, mixing the disintegrated substances with a hot salt brine at about 50 C. thus producing an emulsion, adding to the emulsion 5% of a mixture of 50% castor oil and 50% glycerine, thereupon quickly dipping the unsmoked articles in the emulsion,
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 4, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OOD Georg Giiren, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Carl Colin, Cologne, Germany No Drawing. Application September 1, 1933, Serial No. 687,915. In France March 30, 1933 2 Claims. (Cl. 99169) This invention relates to a process for coating articles of food, whereby solutions or emulsions prepared from disintegrated animal substances of especially albuminous character constitute the starting materials.
I am aware of the existence of a process for the manufacture of such coatings, envelopes or skins, which process is carried out in the following manner.
From disintegrated animal substances for instance skins or waste thereof emulsions are made with the aid of water or aqueous liquids, or solutions of substances such as glue, gelatine etc. obtained by treating the respective animal substances with steam. Then the smoked articles of food are either dipped into the respective emulsions or solutions or coated therewith. Finally the water forming a part of the emulsion or solution adhering to the respective articles of food is caused to evaporate, whereupon there will remain upon the latter an envelope or a skin, that is hardened by known hardening agents, f. i. formaldehyde.
It has however been proved, that the envelopes or skins produced in this mannensufier from many drawbacks.
Thus, for instance, their mechanical resistance is insufficient, especially against pressure, because they are not sufficiently pliable and elastic. When the articles of food commence to dry-up and shrink, the envelope or skin does not contract correspondingly to changes in shape and volume of the same. In consequence thereof empty spaces are formed between the envelope or skin and the enclosed article of food and as the envelope or skin is brittle, holes are formed therein. Finally also the water-repulsive capacity of the envelopes or skins in question is insuflicient.
All these disadvantages are obviated in and by the present improved process which is distinguished from the said known one by a pluralitfy of important features as described hereina ter.
The coating, envelope or skin is produced upon articles of food not after the same have been exposed to smoke but prior thereto. Thus, when the hams or sausages etc. have been prepared in known manner for, smoking by cleaning and salting, they are, according to this invention, dipped directly into the above mentioned solution or emulsion. Then the articles are withdrawn from the solution or suspension, and the water contained in the adhering layer of the same is caused to evaporate so that a nearly dry envelope or skin remains on the articles of food, whereupon they are with the adhering skin suspended in the smoking chamber.
The useful effect obtained by this reversal of the working steps is, that the coating forming 5 the envelope or skin remains pliable and elastic and follows the changes of the shape and the volume of the articles of food, when these become dry, so that empty spaces between the envelope or skin and the food-material are com- 10 pletely obviated. Besides, the operation is simplified in that one of the stages formerly necessary, namely the hardening, can now be dispensed with entirely.
In order to give the envelope or skin a 15 greater mechanical strength, the smoking is effected with the aid of a particular smoking powder, which when being ignited develops gases exerting a hardening action upon the albuminous substances in the envelope or skin. 2Q Such a smoking powder, which is to be added to the sawdust or similar combustible material,
consists besides of spices, such, for instance, as pepper, of a small part of known hardening agents f. i. aliphatic aldehyde. 25
On the other hand, there may .be added to the solutions or emulsions intended to form the envelope or skin glycerine-ester of the oleic and/or other fatty acids or substances that form I solid, resin-like bodies with the hardening 30 agents contained in the smoking gases. The hardening effect of the smoking gases prevents the dropping of liquid from the not quite solidified envelope or skin.
In the following I give an example of how 35 the process can be carried out:
Waste of skins or other animal albuminous materials iscareiully cleaned. Similarly also the gelatine is cleaned. Thereafter the material is disintegrated and ground by means of a suitable 40 apparatus, for instance a wet mill or a roller rubbing machine in which water or an aqueous salt solution is added during the grinding. The proportions are so chosen, that the suspension formed contains from 12 to 35% of solid mattel. To this suspension are added about 5% of a mixture consisting of about parts of castoroil and of about 50 parts of glycerine. The finished emulsion is heated to about 50 0., prior to its use. The hams or sausages or the like pre- 50 pared in known manner for the smoking procedure are then dipped into the heated emulsion for about 1 second and thereupon dried up for about half an hour, during which time an envelope or a skin permeable to--smoke forms upon the respective articles of food. Now these articles are introduced into the smoke chamber, in which is ignited a smoke powder composed of about 98% of wood chips or sawdust or the like, about 1.5% of a mixture of known spices and used for the purpose in view and 0.5% substances, which have a hardening effect on the albumin, for instance formaldehyde. The smoking is then efiected in the known manner.
If there are larger irregularities, cavities or the like on'the articles of food, it is essential for the purpose in view to brush them over with the emulsion prior to the formation of the envelope or skin.
Instead of a suspension formed by disintegration of skin or similar animal parts, solutions of glue or gelatine or similar substances may be used.
A particularly valuable property of the envelopes or skins produced according to this improved process resides therein that the fresh appearance and color of the articles of food is permanently preserved.
What I claim is:
LA process for coating articles of food preparatory to smoking, which consists of disintegrating waste animal substances, mixing the disintegrated substances with a hot aqueous liquid thus producing an emulsion, adding to the emulsion castor oil and glycerine, thereupon quickly dipping the unsmoked articles in the emulsion, and then drying the articles to form a skin thereon and finally smoking the articles with the aid of a smoking powder, which contains formaldehyde.
2. A process for coating articles of food preparatory to smoking, which consists of disintegrating waste animal substances, mixing the disintegrated substances with a hot salt brine at about 50 C. thus producing an emulsion, adding to the emulsion 5% of a mixture of 50% castor oil and 50% glycerine, thereupon quickly dipping the unsmoked articles in the emulsion,
then drying the articles to form a skin thereon 2C and smoking the same by means of a smoking powder, containing formaldehyde. l
GEORG G6REN.
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.
Patent No. 2,050,004.
August 4, 1936.
GEORG GOREN.
It is hereby certified that the name of the assignee in the above numberec patent was erroneously written and printed as "Carl Cohn" whereas said name should have been written and printed as Carl Cahn, of Cologne, Germany, as shown by the records of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.
Signed and sealed this 3rd day of November, A. D. 1936.
Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2050004X | 1933-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2050004A true US2050004A (en) | 1936-08-04 |
Family
ID=9683316
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US687915A Expired - Lifetime US2050004A (en) | 1933-03-30 | 1933-09-01 | Process for coating articles of food |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2050004A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2676107A (en) * | 1950-07-19 | 1954-04-20 | Harold J Hestnes | Method of preserving meat |
FR2651392A1 (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1991-03-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC PULSE GENERATOR. |
-
1933
- 1933-09-01 US US687915A patent/US2050004A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2676107A (en) * | 1950-07-19 | 1954-04-20 | Harold J Hestnes | Method of preserving meat |
FR2651392A1 (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1991-03-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC PULSE GENERATOR. |
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