US2049733A - Supported deck construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1936. c. F. DAVIS 2,049,733

SUPPORTED DECK CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENT OR.

ATTORNEY.

c. F. DAVIS 2,049,733

SUPPORTED DECK CONSTRUCTION Fil ed Jar}. 24, 1936 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTCHIIZ.

6' 142m: /T flay/a,

BY g 4 ATTORNEY.

Aug. 4, 1936. c. F. DAVIS SUPPORTED DEOK CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1936 '3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IINVENTOR.

BY C24/P/ff/T finu/a ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 4, 1936 SUPPORTED DECK CONSTRUCTION Clarke F. Davis, Short Hills, N. 1., assignorto American Cyanamid & Chemical Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application January 24, 1936, Serial No. 60,551

7 Claims. This application is related insubject matter to that of co-pending application Serial No. 655,591.

The present invention relates to building constructions involving precast slabs having a body of set cementitious material of which gypsum is typical, and carrying at the edges of such bodies, metal elements which serve not only to protect the edges during handling, shipment and erection but which also lend strength to building constructions involving such slabs to an extent that their load carrying ability is far inexcess of anything which could be expected without such edge reinforcements.

The invention is further concerned with building constructions involving such slabs together with plates or fastening devices for securing the individual slabs together and one surface of slabs to another.

The invention is also concerned with building constructions involving such slabs where the metal edge members interlock together in such a way as to form effective ii-beams between the slabs.

The principal object of the invention is the production of a building construction as above set forth where the individual slabs going to make up that construction are themselves of essentially relatively weak material butjwhich, through the medium of the edge reinforcement and also through the medium of the interlocking devices between surfaces including the slabs and making up the building construction, are self supporting. To this end, the invention in one of its forms contemplates the provision of a slab having a body of set cementitious material of which gypsum, either with or without admixtures, is typical. It is preferred that the edges of such body should have embedded therein or carried thereon, metal elements adapted to engage and cooperate with a metal member on-an adjacent slab face, preferably in a complementary manner, although this is not essential. In the preferred form such cooperative interlocking parts may be of a tongued and grooved type and the two parts when meshed or interlocked together shall form a substantial I-beam. While one approved form of interlocking joint has been shown in the drawings, yet obviously many other forms will occur to those skilled in the art and the invention is, of course, to be construed to cover any interlock between adjacent slabs which will not detract from the strength of the units individually or collectively or their load sustaining capacity but which, on the contrary, will develop strength therebetween in excess of that inherent in the slabs themselves.

The invention contemplates the use of such slabs as walls, floors, roofs, or the like, where the deck or surface including such slabs is supported from other decks or surfaces preferably by means of interlocking. Plates or devices engaging the slabs of both surfaces or planes, all as more fully.

hereinafter set forth. The invention further consists in the novel, ar rangement, combination and construction: of

parts more fully hereinafter described and shown in the drawings, of which- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional viewiof a,

house constructed according to this invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation showing the details of joining a floor and supported and sup porting walls; I i

Fig. 3 is a view along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a view along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 515' a fragmentary perspective view of a wall showing the method of supporting a floor I therefrom and showing a stripped slabito indicate its interior reinforcement; 1

Fig. 6 shows one form of supporting-plate, and

Fig. 7' another form of supporting plate. I

Referring now with particularity to the'embodiment illustrated in the drawings, a preferred form of slab is shown in Fig. 5;consis,ting of;a precast body of set cementitious m'a i gypsum or the like, either with or wit hers and admixtures suchas wood chipsI-or similar material. The set cementitious body "is provided with edge metallic members 2 whichare adapted to interlock and interengage with the corresponding complementary metal member on the edge portions of a contiguous slab as shown in this figure and in Figs. 3 and 4. For instance, in these figures one of these members is provided with a 40 tongue and the corresponding member on the adjacent slab with a complementary groove adapted to receive the tonguein a tight frictional joint. The metallic members 2 are provided with flanges 3 at the top and bottom thereof and with inwardly turned-in portions 4 embedded in the cementitious body I. These angular ends 4 prevent the members from accidentally pulling away from the slab during handling or erection and at the same time add a material stiffening effect thereto.

As shown, the two adjacent metallic members cooperate with each other to form an effective I-beam, thus developing strength and load sustaining capacity in the 'structureinvolving such slabs far in excess of anything which could be 'thereotscthattheslabitselihasadepthor thickness at its edge portions greater than at a point intermediate thereof. Inasmuch as the load'sustainingvalueoitheslabispraetically theloadsmtainingvalueotthemetalmembers,-

it may beand isirequently desirable to utilise such metal members height which is this thickness or height correspondingentirelytothethicknessotthesiabitself, the latter would be so heavy as not m be not an essential element olthe present invention.

Inordertoglvethenecessaryshengthtothe.

relativelyweakbodyo! cemenfltious material between'such reinforcementsmay be providedasshcwninlig. 5. Thuereiniorcements 'eonsist primarilyotlateral-membersi sprung betweenthemetaledgememberslpriortocast- Theselateral reinforcements t archlsprovidedsotbateventhoughthe thickness'orthe'bodylatthetopct meme-enmmam.muie walloifFig. 5, these interior reinicrcements may be omitted.

In Fig.1 a diagrammatic layoutor a twoand attichousei'sillustrated whichmay amass in dimensions particularly boards,tile,paint'ortheiike. 'lheinterioroi the wall which may constitute the wall of the room may be finished with any desiredtyp ot slab, sheetmaterial or lath and plaster, nailed or otherwise applied directly to the wall slabs; lnl 'lgisuchaflnishingmaterialisindicated -a saceilinglnaileddircctiytotheslabslabove the same by'means of nails ll whiih penetrate the flange of the metal member 2. the nails or fastening device through the metal members, they are prevented from becoming'loosened as'they are r pp d not only by the cementitious material of which the slab is made 'but likewise by the reinforcing edge material.-

WhileinFig.4thisflnishing'sheetmaterialis shown as a ceiling, it'may be likewise applied tothewallotFig.3inexactlythesamemanner.

The channelsiinthe siabwaiismaybeused toconceai water, gas, orsoilpipes, electrical coning, cooling -or conditioning fluid conduits as thecase maybe. It will be'apparent that inas-. much as these slabs run continuously from top to bottom of the slabs abutting each .duitsor thelike or'maygvenbeusedas heat-29 other at their end portions, these channels 5,

run continuously from top to bottom and, hence;

form eii'ective conduits or enclosing spacetor any partielflar use as-well as effectively insulaiing the 'house'ljrom heatand cold.

Acornerpostisshown at ll inFlg.3 toconsist' of a substantially rectangular body of cementitious material having on two adjacent edges thereof a metallic member ll formed to include both atongue anda groove, the ends 4 of the metal member being embedded in the cementirespondingpartsottheslab I. 'I'hiscorner post, therefore, provides interlocking and interengagcent slabs in a continuous series.

From the above, it will be apparent that inasposition of columns-or other strengthening ele-" ments. The elimination of these parts is-partieularly desirable where a comparatively cheap yet eflicient house construction is desired. ThefloorsotthehouseofFigJareshownin detail in Fig. 5. These floors consist of a horizontal series of these sameslabs [arranged with longitudinal edges engaging each other in an interlocking and mating 'joint as above de- Inorder to support the individual slabs andthefloormadetherefromfromthewallait is preferableto provide a joining or supporting tiousmaterialinthesamemannerasthecobing complementary means to receive-the adja much as the metal members on the edge portions r of adjacent slabs form an eiiective I-beam; the walls are particularly still without the interplate l2asshownindetailinFig.6. Thisplate consists of asubstantial T-Iormation of sheet orcastmetaloftherequisitestrengthhaving grooves l3 and II arrangedtherein as shown.

Inerection-,theplateissolocatedbetweenjoinis inthewallslahsot Fig.5thatthegroove Ills enclosedbetweenflieadjacentedgcmembers on twocontiguousslabs. Wheretheirietionalcontactbetweenthesethreepartsisnotsuiilclent tocompletelymstainany'loadwhichmightbe putontheiioor,themember l imaybenailed, orotherwisesecurcdto-theedgeportionsofthe Onemodifled form 01in threepartstogetherisshown maybefiliedforasubstanflalextentwithsolder seeuringthe inng toconslst. nitspotsll or solderorthelikeortheentirejoint Milt.

adjacent each other. On the other hand, this joint may be accomplished by welding either in spots or. along a substantial extent sumcient to securely tie the parts together and prevent any dropping or accidental displacement.

When in this position the floor slabs are erected to enclose in the same manner the groove I! in the supporting plate I! which may also be nailed or otherwise secured to the floor slabs as shown. By providing such a joining or supporting member between adjacent edges of each two floor slabs and the adjacent wallslabs, the floor is effectively and completely supported from the wallsand from the I-beams therein constituted by the mated metal members thereof. This con.- struction makes a particularly stiilf and immobile floor and wall. arrangement.

In some instances, the dimensions of the floor, roof or wall will be such that more than a number of whole and uncut slabs will be needed to completely form the same. Such a circumstance is shown in the floor of Fig. 4 at the right hand side thereof. There the space between the wall C and the last full slab is less than a slab width. Under these conditions, it becomes necessary to cut a slab longitudinally and such a cut slab is shown at la. In order to properly support the cut end of the slab, it is proposed to nail or otherwise secure the metal part 2a to the'wall C, and superimpose thereon the metal member 2b, with the hollow tongue of the two parts arranged together. As shown, the part 2b is provided with a flange 3b at the top thereofadapted to overlie the top of the cut :iab -.l a. After the slab has been put in place, the element 2c is erected beneath it so that its hollow tongue is superimposed upon the similar tongues of the parts 2b and 2a with'the flange 3e underlying the out part of the slab Id. In this manner, the cut edge of the slab is adequately supported against both up and down 'movement. Obviously, nails or the like may be used to secure the parts 2a, 2b and 20 together or any or all of them to the wall C. Also, the flange 3c may be so located on the part 20 that it will have to be wedged against the undersurface of the cut edge of the slab. This makes for a more rigid support.

In like manner, it the wall slabs do not completely fill'out the space of a wall, they too may be cut longitudinally, in such a case, as in Fig. 3,

for instance,.the part 2a may be omitted as the corner post III is already provided with the tongued member. Parts'2b and 2c are then erected in place in the same manner as shown in the right hand end of Fig. 4 to support the cut wall-slab.

Where interior walls are to be supported directly upon the floors, the construction of Fig. 2 may be resorted to, in which the joining plate I is used to secure the vertical wall to the horizontal floor.

Where the floor extends over a partition inside the house, plate I! may also be used as shown in the right hand portion. of Fig. 2.

' Where partitions exist above and below the floor at substantially the same point, a joining plate I! (Fig. 1) may be used of substantially cross form having the same type oi-grooves as illustrated in' Fig. 6. The walls and floors are thus braced in all directions against displacement and supported one by the other.

In the roof construction of Fig. 1, the joiningor supporting plate of Fig. 'I may be used. This consists of a T-formation l6 where the head of the T is slightly at an angle to the main body,

said plate also containing grooves l3 and M. In 5 position, this element is shown in Fig. 1, at the upper right and left hand sides, the body of the T being clipped in the same manner as the device 01' Fig. 6 betweenthe adjacent metal edge meme bers of the wall slabs and the top of the T joined 10 to the roof slabs arranged at an angle to-the wall.

As a result of the above, it will be obvious thata completely flexible system has been proposed involving slabs which may be readily manufactured in comparatively few sizes and shapes and yet which will accommodate most building conditions.

While the invention has been shown and described with particular reference to specific embodiments, yet obviously it is not to be restricted thereto but is to be construed broadly and restricted only by the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. A building construction comprising vertical walls of precast slabs, a deck at an angle thereto comprising interengaging precast slabs and a joining plate for supporting the deck from the wall, said plate being secured between interengaging portions of the wall and deck slabs.

2. The building construction of claim 1 in which the interengaging slabs are provided with metal members on their adjacent edges.

3. The building construction of claim 1 in which the interengaging slabs are provided with initerlocking metal members on their adjacent e ges.

4. A building construction comprising vertical walls of vertically extending precast slabs having tongued and grooved interlocking edge portions, a deck of interlocking precast slabs abutting said walls and supported therefrom, anda joining plate having a portion conforming to the tongued and grooved joint between wall slabs and secured therebetween, and extending between the interlocked deck slabs.

5. The building construction of claim 1 in which the interengaging slabs are provided with metal members on their adjacent edges, a portlon of the plate being integrally joined to the 0 said metal members. V

6. A building construction comprising a vertical wall or interlocked precast slabs, a deck of interlocked precast slabs, the wall extending on each side of the deck and vice versa, and a joining plate or substantially cross configuration secured between the wall and deck slabs.

7. A building constructioncomprising a vertical wall of interengaging precast slabs, said slabs carrying complementary metal members on their edge portions, a joining plate secured between wall; 1

- cum I. mvrs.

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