US2543122A

US2543122A - Building structure

Info

Publication number: US2543122A
Application number: US577643A
Authority: US
Inventors: Henry C Mortenson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1945-02-13
Filing date: 1945-02-13
Publication date: 1951-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 1968-02-27

Description

Feb. 27, M53 H. c. MORTENSON BUILDING STRUCTURE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 13, 1945 INVENTOR. Henry E- Murtansnn AT Y Feb. 27, 1951 H. c. MORTENSON BUILDING STRUCTURE 3 Sheets5heet 2 gwuem to'v E Mart E115 cm,

Hen?

Filed Feb. 13,

H. C. MORTENSON Feb: 2?, 1951 BUILDING STRUCTURE 3 SheetsSheet 5 Filed Feb. 13, 1945 Patented Feb. 27, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 Claims.

This invention is directed to an improvement in building constructions and more particularly to the formation of certain particular units formed for interfitting and, interlocking to provide a building structure.

The primary object of the invention is to provide structural building units, particularly and peculiarly formed for interfitting assemblage, with the interfitting parts of the units providing a positive interlock to prevent separation under any and all usual strains to which the building structure may be subjected in use.

A further object is to provide interlocking structural units that are so designed as to require a minimum of types or forms of such units, ordinarily limited to two, which, through their edge formations, are capable of interlocking assemblage for use in substantially all parts of the building structure, that is, the walls, floors, the

roof, the interior partitions and other main parts of the building, without material change in the forms of such units.

A further object of the invention is to provide one such unit that is capable of serving as a main unit in providing the walls, floor, ceiling and roof, and the provision of another unit for interlocking with, and serving to position, the main units and provide structural bases and supports with relation to the main units.

A further object of the invention is to provide main structural units capable of being arranged as a double wall structure, andv auxiliary units for tying together the main units in each wall as well as cooperating with respective auxiliary units to tie together spaced walls, such cooperative auxiliary units being wholly free of contact, one with the other, whereby the respective walls are wholly free of thermal conducting contact, are spaced to provide an effective intermediate insulating area and also provide channels for the reception of electric conduits or pipes.

A further object of the invention is to provide auxiliary units for tying the respective walls in spaced relation, the respective auxiliary units having portions that extend in parallel adjacent relation with the length of one auxiliary unit of each pair interrupted to provide supports for the floor structure while the other such auxiliary unit of each pair is continued. above the floor structure to provide a partition in the floor space and to extend to and afford support for the roof.

A further object of the invention is to provide a locking section which, following assemblage of the main units and the auxiliary units may be interfitted with the ends of such units to fric tionally cooperate and maintain the units against possible separation under ordinary building strains.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide main units and auxiliary units which may be assembled to provide a roof structurewhich, through the use of auxiliary tying clips is rigidly tied to the building structure proper, and effectively supported from and by that building structure.

A further object of the invention is to provide structural building units and necessary tie elements of sheet material, preferably metal such as aluminum, steel, or the like, varying in gauge according to the strength required and incident to that particular and peculiar locking cooperation of ready and convenient assemblage and desired assemblage to thereby provide a true portable structure without the necessity of auxiliary fastening elements; the formations of the units however, being such as to facilitate the use of more permanent fastening elements, such as screws, or even welding in order when desired, to provide a more permanent building structure.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary exploded view in perspective of the three principal units designed in accordance with the present invention for the formation of the wall, floor, ceiling and roof of the building structure;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on a horizontal plane through a double walled building constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on a vertical plane through a double walled building constructed in accordance with the pres ent invention;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on a plane corresponding to line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in perspective of modified units for use in floor construction;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a corner support and brace unit;

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a coupling or fastening element on a surface unit for connection with the corner unit;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the connection between a surface unit and a corner brace; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a modified locking unit for use with looking a roof constructed in accordance with the invention.

A complete building, in accordance with the present invention, may be constructed from a plurality of prefabricated members that are formed from sheet material and adapted to interlock to provide a rigid construction.

These pie-fabricated members, preferably comprise a minimum of different types of elements and, as shown in Fig. 1, may include three basic units, namely a main panel unit I, an auxiliary retaining unit 2 and a locking unit 3, obviously, in certain uses of these units other suitable tying or connecting elements may be employed and may be of more or less conventional form.

The main panel unit I is made of a sheet ma-.. terial, preferably metal, as aluminum, steel or the like, the proportions of which, but not the configuration, may vary to meet the use of theu'nit. in certain parts of the building structure. The main unit I comprises a main face section 4- formedat the longitudinal edge with a rearwardly extending (considering the use of the unit) an.- gular projection 5 from the terminal of which theunit is formed to present a rearwardly inclined spacing section 6 and at the end of the lat-. ter further formed toprovide a forwardly in.- clined locking section 1. The opposite longitudinal edge of the main face 4 is provided with arearwardly extending offset 8 that is connected with a locking section 9 which is rearwardly inclined. When two. panelunitsl are placed in position, their respective inclined locking sections '1 and 8 are. substantially parallel forminglocking sections at the adjacent ends of the main units, and while they extend in opposite directions from the plane of the main units, the free edge of either section '5 or Sdoes not extend forwardly beyond the front faces 4, of the main units. l.

The auxiliary unit 2 includes a face portion If? that is adapted to fit between and in the plane of the face portions of the main units I. One longitudinal edge of the face portion 5 his folded rearwardly to form a right angular. flange ll.

andthe opposite longitudinal edge of which is folded to form a rearwardly and inwardly or laterally inclined section 52 that is terminally formed in a return bend 13, then projected as a section F4 in spaced parallel relation to the sec-.. tion l2, the section id terminating in a return bend l5 and projected as a rearwardly and in wardly extending section It in spaced parallel relation to the section. l5, the. end of the section it projected rearwardly to form a web. section if extending substantially at. right angles of. the face portion lfl, the section ilterminating in an inclined edge flange. IS. The sections l2, l4 l6. are substantially in parallelism providing channels is and 28 of a width substantially equal to the thickness of the sheets of whichthe units are formed. The upper and lower edges of the web section ll of the unit 2 are formed with vertically extending slots 25 of a width substantially equal to the thickness of the sheets from which the units are formed.

In forming a wall from the above described members, the auxiliary units 2' are utilized as the. connecting medium between adjacent main units I. When assembling these main and auxiliary units, as best shown in Figs. 2- and l, the section I of the main unit I is inserted in the channel of the adjacent auxiliary unitz while, at the same time, the flange ll of the auxiliar-y unit seats within the rearwardlyex ending o fset. 5 of the main unit. The section 9 of the adjacent main unit I is inserted in the channel l9 between the sections [2 and I l of the auxiliary unit 2. In this position, the offset 8 of the second mentioned main unit I seats squarely against the shoulder or return bend between this face ii] and the section l2 of the auxiliary unit 2 and the flange section 9 forms a lock with the channel forming sections l2 and 14 against the lateral separation of the main unit and the auxiliary units. A complete wall may thus be formed byassembling the desired number of main units, with the intermediate retaining units 2, the face sections 4 and lfllying inthe same plane to form a wall transversely of the building and the web sections l"! forming joists for the wall.

Qne of theadvantages of the present invention resides in the adaptability of the units for cooperation to form all of the planar surfaces in a building, that is, the inner walls, the partitions, the floors, the ceilings and the roof, as well as the outer wall. The inner wall is assembled in the identioalmanner except, in this instance, the front surfaces of the main units form the inner surface or face of the inner wall A double wall construction is shown in Fig. 2 as constituting an outer wall A formed by assembledunits l and 2, and an inner wall B ..f 0 1m.ed by assembled units In and 2a which may be identical in conformation to the units l and 2 but for convenience in description are identified herein by the character a. In this, arrangement the. web portion ll of the auxiliary. units 2 constituting the uniting members of the outer W ll A extcndtoward but terminate short of the inner surface of the inner wall B, and the Web. sections lie of the auxiliary units 2a of the inner wallB will extend toward the front wall A and in parallel and slightly. spacedrelation withthe webs ll of said front wall. The webs. I1 and Ho are spaced to receive aninsulating strip 23, which may be of any conventional or appropriate material, and thereby break thermal contact. between the outer. wall A and the inner wall B.

It will be notedtha-t. the double wall construction provides intermediate spa es 24, separated one from the other and that there is no material metallic contactbetween any portion of the inner wall structure and any portion of the outer wall structure. This avoidance of metallic contact serves in itself as an effective insulation, to say nothing of. theair contained in the inter wall spaces 24.. In addition to their function for insulating purposes, the spaces .24 may conveniently accommodate installation of electric wires, pipes or other accessories with complete protection, simplicity'of installation and removal, while being completelyinvisible or unobstructed. from the interior of the building.

The outer and inner wall formations and the parts forming the same may be locked in a fixed predetermined relation against the possibility of displacement or separation, by any suitable means, however, the locking unit 3, shown in Fig. l, ispreferred as it also functionsinthe manner of a plate at. the ends of the webs I1 and Ila whichfunctionas studs. This unit comprises a channel-likememberhaving a face 26 with angularly extending inner andouter edge flanges 2'! and 28-, with appropriately spaced and formed cut-out defining slots. These locking units 3 are provided throughoutthe length of each outer and inner-wall at the top. and bottom, andare positionedwith their faces 26 horizontal and their flanges 28 in contact with the inner surfaces of the bodies or faces 4 and ll] of the main units l and the auxiliary units 2 respectively. The flanges 28 are provided with slots 29 extending inwardly to the faces 26; and which are spaced to straddle the angle portions extending rearwardly from the face portions of the main and the auxiliary units. The inner flange 21 is arranged to overlie the edges of the web portions l1 and lid of the auxiliary units and is provided with slots 38, each to straddle a web portion 17 and l'la of the auxiliary units 2 and 2a, the width of the face section 26 of the locking unit being such that when applied the slot 30 will accurately register with the slots 2i in the web portions l1 and Ho. The relative depths of the slots 2| and 3B is such that when the locking unit is applied as described, the slots 39 on the locking unit 3 actually engage the unbroken material of the web ll of the auxiliary unit 2 and the slots 2| in the auxiliary unit engage the unbroken portion of the flange 2'5 of the locking unit 3. Thus, the face section 25 of the locking unit rests against the end edges of the interlocking flanges extending from the main units l and of the auxiliary units 2 and as the slots in the parts actually engage unbroken portions of the cooperating elements, the webs ii and Ila of the auxiliary units 2 and 2a are rigidly braced against angular movement and the web portions l! and Na are maintained in fixed, spaced parallelism without other support or fastening.

The locking units 3 are assembled at the upper and lower ends of the wall structures and against the inner surfaces of both the inner and outer walls, as indicated in broken lines in Fig. 2. Consequently, the parts, without substantial metal contact and without the use of additional fasten ing or securing means, are locked against separation, maintaining them in their fixed desired position against any usual strain to which the walls may be subjected. Thus, the locking members, when in applied position become a part of the wall structure locking such parts together at the top and bottom, preventing the possibility of their casual separation or movement in any direction and, furthermore, forming plates at the bottom for supporting the wall on a suitable base, and at the top for supporting any desired superstructure.

While the building may be mounted on any appropriate foundation, it may be advantageously employed with a particular foundation, best shown in Fig. 3. This foundation comprises vertically positioned I -beams 3!, having their sides cut away at their upper ends to provide each with a tongue 32 that is formed by the Web of the beam. The main length of the I-beam is sunk in the ground or embedded in a cement foundation and the upstanding tongue 32 is inserted between the lower ends of the spaced webs l1 and lid of the auxiliary units 2 and 2a. The contacting surfaces or" the tongue 32 and webs l1 and lid of the auxiliary units 2 and 2a are provided with one or more openings through which an appropriate fastening element may be inserted. The foundation beams 3i preferably cooperate with the lower ends of eachpair of auxiliary units 2 and 2a, but, obviously, they may be arranged in less number under reduced weight requirements.

The cutaway portions of the outer sides of the I-beams 3i present side shoulders 33 to receive and support the locking units 3 at the lower edges 7 shoulders 34 to support the floor beams as herein after described.

The floor of the structure may be constructed in a manner identical to that of the walls, and may comprise main and auxiliary units which are of the same conformation but, for convenience, are identified by the character b. If the building is of double wall type, the edge of the floor, preferably, will be formed to extend beyond the inner wall, whereas, if it is of the single wall type the floor will be extended to the outer wall. The floor structure comprises a plurality of main units lb connected by intermediate auxiliary units 2b, the webs llb of which extend downwardly to form beams. The ends of the faces and lock forming sections of the auxiliary units 2b are cut away to provide an extended portion 35 of the webs llb so that the cut-away end edges may more or less abut the inner edge of the tongue 32 and the extended portion 35 may be placed against the web of the L-beam and the free edge of the flange 58b of the web l'lb may rest on the shoulders 34 of the I-beam. The extended portion 35 may be fixed to the I-beam by any appropriate fastening to form a rigid connection.

The main units lb are cut away at the ends of their locking edges to coincide with the cutaway portions of the auxiliary units 21), the body 4 of the main units lb forming projecting portions 38 having their edges upturned to form flanges 39, as best shown in Fig. 5. When the main floor units lb are in position, the projecting end portions 38 will underlie the locking units 3a of the inner wall B and the flange 39 will lie behind and in contact with the free side of the inner locking units 3a to lock the floor and inner wall structures together. The lower edges of the projecting portion 35 of the auxiliary units 21) are so related to the web of the I-beam as to rest on the inner shoulders 34 on the I-beams 3i, and bear against the tongue (52 to support and tie the floor as a whole on and to the foundation beams 3!. The opposite edge of the floor structure will be identical with that just described and need not be repeated.

The construction at the corners is identical with that hereinbefore described except that the corner pieces 25 are formed by main units that have their body portions il longitudinally bent at an angle intermediate their longitudinal edge formations to permit one edge portion of the main unit to extend as apart of one wall and the other edge portion to extend as a part of the other wall.

In order to insure and maintain the rigidity of the corners of the building, corner braces til, shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 6, are provided between the adjacent webs ill or l'la of the auxiliary units 2 or 2a adjacent the corners. These corner braces include an integral member having side walls 4! and a center wall 42 with the side walls M at right angles so as to bear squarely against the respective webs ll or Ila and the center wall 42 will extend between said webs as a brace. The side walls 4! are braced by integrally formed cross partitions 43. The side walls M are provided with key-hole slots 45 and the webs ll or Ha, with which the side walls 4| contact, are provided with headed lugs projecting therefrom and adapted for locking engagement through the key-hole slots 44, in a conventional manner, as best shown in Figs. 7 and 3.

The ceiling structure is again made up of the main and auxiliary units of the same conformation as herein before described and which are connected in exactly the same manner as previanagram ouslydescribed; however; as a matter of" con-- venience the units forming the ceiling are identified by the'charact'er 'c.' In thisinstance, however; the portionsof' the main: units constituting the outer face=of thewall are arranged to constitute the face of the ceiling. Here; the-main units [0, when in position, extend overtheedges of the inner wall-B, but thebody portionsthereof do not cover the spacebetweenthe inner wall B? and outer wall as shown in Fig; 4E I-he ends of the body portions 40 of'the main" units Icof the ceiling structure overlie the inner wall B and the adjacentinner locking unit' 3a, and the end edges: thereof are turned down to form flanges 45 to rest behind and inclose contact with the relative outer surfaces of the locking units 3a, thereby locking theupper edges of the' inner wall B with the ceiling in the same manneras previously described with respect: to the floor.

The ceiling sections proper, that' is, the main units Ic are interlocked'with' the'auxiliary units 20 in usual manner and while the majorportions of the main units lc extend only over the inner wall, the auxiliary unitsZc extend to" the outer wall. In otherwords, the auxiliary units 22; have their ends-extended to overlie and align vertically with the auxiliary members 2 andiZ'aof'theouter and'inner walls A and B, respectively. This. a1"- rangement provides means for interlocking the ceiling with the wall structure.

Theweb portions l-l and ll'a'of the auxiliaryunits? and 2a in the walls A and B are extended toform tongues Mand 55 rising above the level of. the ceiling. Theface portion I of the extended end portion of the auxiliary units. 20, as best shown in Fig. 4, is provided with: spaced, parallel longitudinally extending slots 48- and 5 9'; and the sections l 60' and 80 extending angularly from each side of the web [Tc are-providedwith' slotsSS and 5!, respectively; adjacent to the'=su1'"- face of the web l! and in alignment with the slot 68. In addition, the angular portions- 60 of the main units to are provided with a pair of: slots 52'and' 53 to overlie and coincide respectively with the

slots

58 and 49.

In assembling the ceiling, each auxiliary unit is positioned so that the

slots

18 and 49 register with the respective tongues 54* and 55 ofthe auxiliary units 2 and 2a of'the' outer and inner wallsA' and B: 'I he t'ongue- 54 may be longer and extend upwardly through the registering

slots

48', 52, 58*and' 5'1 andfin substantial com tact with one side of the-web H'c'of theauxiliary units 20. The tongue 55 mayextend'through the registering slots 49 and SS-and into conta'ct' with 4 the opposite side of the-web lTc; The=tongues-54- and 55' may then be fastened togeth'erwith the web llc sandwiched therebetween to securely tie the ceiling with the walls andtolock'the parts in fixed relative position.

Each projecting end of the auxiliary units 20 in the ceiling assembly is formed-to-so interlockwith the auxiliary units of the Wall formation thereby providing a plurality of interconnections by which the ceiling structure is locked to the wall structure. Furthermore, it will lie-apparent that one of the extended tongues 54 and 55 rises as a continuation of that auxiliary unit 2 forming part of the outer wall A, while the other tongue rises as a continuation oi 'theadja'cent auxiliary unit 2a, forming part of the inner wallB: Therefore, when these-tongues 5'4 and 55: are engaged in and through the slotsof the auxiliary units 20 of the ceiling structure; it will be apparent that the adjacent webs! land llaof the auxiliary 8. units z'and Z'aofthe outer and inner wall; areheld in each. instance in: parallelism and. positively.- lo ckedi against relativezmovement;

The.roofiheneshowninEigs: 3"andl4:as:agable; root, but obviously capable of; arrangement inz other, even. fiat, forms if: desired; agairrutilizes the main and auxiliaryunits: as: the primary ele.- ments. in its construction, which, for convenience; are identified by'the charactewcl. Eachiside or section 5:? and 57. orthe' gable:1oof:,.is-made up of main units ldi andi auxiliary units, 2d. and; with the webs llfcZ-i depending therefrom to: act as rafters; The outer ends: of the auxiliary units. 2d; of the; roof. assemblyare. provided with. slots: 58: irr thevflanges lilalandradjacent thesurface of the webs: lldi. 'Iiherooi. may then be mounted above the ceiling and tied to the wall structure by the; extended portion; of: the longer tongue 54 of oneof the auxiliary units: 2' or; 211 forming the wall structure. The tongue 54 projects through the: slotsin: the ceiling structure and is extendedito pass through the slot 58 of the auxiliary' unit 2d; off the: roof assembly. The extended tongue portions-.54 of the webs I1. 01: I'Ta' of the auxiliaryunitsZIor Za that aretemployed ini thewall assem,-- bly, thus extendiupwardly' through the outer ends of the. auxiliary units 20. of; theceilings assembly and the outeror lower ends of the-auxiliary units: 2d of. the roof 'assemblytmtie'the walls, .the'ceiling anditheroof inifixedlrelative position; Thez-outer. ends of the roof units id and fldimay be cut away at-airinclination to: correspond: with that ofthe roof section; and tolbe inialvertical plane. with the. ends of. the: ceiling. structure;

The meeting ends of: thezroof'sections' 51: and" 51-, at the apex of the: roof,.arev connected". bye: locking channel. 301, shownmore; particularly, in- Figs; 3 and. 9; The; channel: 3d comprises a flat face plate section: 517 and relatively inclined parallel side'fianges 6 l having slots 62i' to register with theslots 21d inthe endof the webportions lid off the. auxiliary. roof units" 211. The face sections: 605' are, preferably a somewhat wider than thetregular'locking units 3 to extend betwe'en the s1'ots2 l in the webs-IT.

Two such locking channels 3'dextendalengthwise of the roof at the'm'eetlngedgeszofathewebs oftheroof sections at the apex:0f the roof. The channels 3d are positioned with their plate'sections in contact and their: slots filregistering withthe-slot's 2ld of each of thewebs' [1d of. the auxiliary units: 211.

The lcckin'g channels. 3d may berigidly. connected as: a single unit though this isnot absO- lutely essentialz for the purpose of. the: reinforce and binding; Thesexlocking channels interloclc all auxiliary units of 'each' roof sectiomi! or'filf, binding the auxiliary units 251. of these sections together and: rendering the structureiat" the apex 1 ofvthe roof: immovablelandirigidz Themai'niunits lcL forming: theroofi sections 51: and. 51" are provided? at. their. apex ends with upwardly turned: U shap'ed: flange: portions. 63 A rigid seal 66.. having lateral. downwardlyturned u-shaped flangeportions B5, is arranged to: interlock with: the'fiangestSSi at theapex endof each roofsection ldqto: bind; the'seisections in rigid relation and: at thesamextime cover and efiectively seal the. joint between them.

Similarlocking channels13e may be (provided to tie. together the-free outenendaof the roof and. ceiling: sections and along tlie-lengthof the build-- ing. These-channelste are substantially identical= to the channels 3d with theexception that: the side flanges- 61 are at right angles to the face plate 60'. The slots 62 in these side flanges 6| are so arranged, and the width of the locking channels 3c is such that the slots 62' in one flange 6 l will cooperate with slots 66 in the web portions l'lc of each and every auxiliary unit 20 forming part of the ceiling assembly. Likewise, the slots 62 in the other flange 6 I cooperate with the slots Si in the webs lid in the auxiliary units 2d which form part of the roof sections. channels 3e and the webs ll of the auxiliary units are interfitted to the limit of their respective slots, there 'is rigid metal to metal hearing between the parts which maintain the auxiliary units in proper position and lock them against lateral movement.

It is to be particularly noted. that through the arrangement described, the auxiliary units 2d of the roof section assemblies act as the top cords or compression members of a roof truss, the bottom truss or tension member of which cordis formed by the auxiliary units 20 of the ceiling assembly.

The upper edges of the main units l of the outer wall A are formed over to provide downwardly extending hooks 68 and the ends of the auxiliary units 2d of the roof section assemblies are formed over to provide upwardly extending hooks 69. These hooks throughout the length of the building are united by a facia sheet 10 having edge hook portions H to slidably cooperate with the

respective hooks

68 and 69, in a manner to prevent relative upward movement of any of the portion of the building above the walls, while at the same time providing an ornamental finish for the building structure. If desired, a gutter structure 72 may be arranged to interfit over the upper end of the facia sheet 10, as shown in Fig. i, to overlie the lower side edges of the roof sections for drainage purposes.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the outer wall structure A may extend the full height of the building, while the inner wall structure, at the ends of the building, terminates at the ceiling line.

Although certain specific embodiments of the L invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that many modifications thereof are possible. The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as is necessitated by the prior art and in accordance with the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is:

l. A building surface structure for forming a wall floor, ceiling or roof of a building, which structure includes a plurality of units of three types, two types of said units having face portions to form a surface, and flanges and channels respectively formed along their adjacentedges and interfitting in looking engagement to join said units together with their face portions in a plane, one of said two types of units having rearwardly extending web portions to rigidly brace said units longitudinally, the third type of said units comprising a locking member extending transversely of a plurality of said two types of units and locking said units together, said looking member having means for clipping the interfitting angular flanges and the web portions of said units to lock those parts together and brace the assembled structure transversely of said units.

2. A building structure as set forth in claim 1 wherein said locking member comprises a channel structure having parallel flanges, slots in one of said flanges and straddling the interfitting As the locking 10 flange and channel forming portions of said units, and slots in the other of said flanges and straddling the rearwardly extending web portion to rigidly hold said web at a predetermined angle.

3. A building structure as set forth in claim 2 wherein the web straddling slots of said locking member extend only part of the depth of said flange and the webs are provided with slots in their ends to receive the remainder of said flange at the ends of its partial depth slots.

4. A double surfaced building structure for forming a double wall or a ceiling and floor or the like, which structure includes spaced surface constructions, each of which comprise a plurality of units having face areas and with their adjacent edges respectively formed with interlocking flanges and channels which are assembled to position said face areas in a plane to form a surface, alternate units having a rearwardly extending web to brace said units longitudinally, said spaced surface structures being arranged back to back with said rearwardly extending webs extending in opposite directions and in side b side relationship, and a locking member extending longitudinally of and between said spaced surface structures and clipped over said webs to lock said structures as a unit.

5. A roof structure comprising two sections as a gable roof, each of said sections comprising a plurality of units, two types of said units having face portions to form a surface, and flanges and channels formed along their adjacent edges and interfitting in looking engagement to join said units together with their face portions in a plane, one of said two types of units having rearwardly extending web portions to rigidly brace said units longitudinally, the third type of said units comprising a locking member extending transversely of a plurality of said two types of units and locking said units together, said locking member having means for clipping the interfitting angular flanges and the web portions of said units to lock those parts together and brace the assembled structure transversely of said units, the adjacent edges of the face portions of said sections being formed upwardly and over to form locking flanges, and an angular channel member spanning the joint between said sections and having returned flanges underlying and looking with said locking flanges.

6. A building structure comprising a wall made up of main and auxiliary units having edge interlocking formations maintaining body portions of the main units in the same plane and web portions of the auxiliary units at right angles thereto in the manner of studs, some of the webs of the auxiliary units forming the wall extending upwardly, and a roof structure made up of units having the same configuration as the wall units with the body portions of the main units and parts of the interlocking formations of the main and auxiliary units forming the surface of the roof and the webs of the auxiliary units extending downwardly, the top edges of the body portions of said wall units being formed over as downwardly extending flanges, extensions of the webs of the roof units being formed over as upwardly extending flanges, and a face plate covering the ends of said roof webs and having inwardly turned edges fitting around said body and web flanges.

7. A building structure comprising a wall made up of main and auxiliary units having edge interlocking formations maintaining body portions of made :up of main andauxiliaryunits .having the same cross-sectional configuration as the :units making up the wall, the :web portions of said 'fioor units extending downwardly in the manner of beams, and afoundation comprising vertically positioned.I-beamshaving their side flanges cut away at their upper .ends to form tongues extending upwardly into contact withthe web portions-of said wall units, said Wall units being supported bythe shoulders formed by thezcut away .sideflanges-onthe voutersides of said beams, the web portions of saidwfloor units bearing in edge engagement on the shoulders formed by the'cut away sideiflanges on'the inner sides of said beams and contacting in surface engagement with the webs 'of said beams.

HENRY'C. MORTENSON.

12 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED .STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,640,065 Blaw Aug. 23, 1927 1,952,807 Jaklin Mar. 27, 1934 1,968,045 Kotrbaty July 31, 1934 1,981,661 Pfeifer Nov. 20, 1934 2,023,814 Lindsey Dec. 10, 1935 2,023,989 Brown Dec. 10, 1935 2,053,873 Niederhofer Sept. 8, 1936 2,082,191 Watson June 1, 1937 2,122,629 Watson July 5, 1938 2,155,709 Patterson Apr. 25, 1939 2,211,384 Patterson Aug. 13, 1940 2,231,065 Gabel Feb. 11, 1941 2,232,762 Batcheller Feb. 25, 1941 2,250,319 Wright July 22, 1941