US2046930A - Apparatus for spinning artificial silk - Google Patents

Description

July 7, 1936. H sg K 2,046,93U

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK I Filed Nov, 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

I (5 I 5/ HW aWY/K uip: A TTORNEYS/ 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. A. SCHRENK APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, 1933 July 7, 1936.

IANVENTOR.

Hm Maw 8 BY w ATTORNEYS.

July 7, H A SCHRENK 2 ,@4$,3

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 h s. 1}. {ML

INVEN TOR.

Y I flab WWI/w! ATTORNEYS.

H. SCHRENK 7 2,046,930

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, v1933 I 4 Sheet-Sheet 4 Patented July 7, 1936 UNITED I PATENT. OFFICE poration of Delaware Application.November29, 1933. Serial No. 700,290 p In Germany March 25, 193-3 V zClaims.

The present invention. relates to spinningandcollecting filaments or threads of artificial silk, such as artificial silk: coagulated or precipitated from viscose or solutions of cellulose, for exanriple solutions'oi cellulose in cuprammonia and other solvents. Among the objects of thejin vention is the pro vision of a processi or spinning-artificial silk according to the so-called: spoolsystem or process in which-the freshly spun or coagulated artificial filament or thread is wound ona spool or other carrier with desired adjustable andsubstantially constant tension. 1 A further object of the invention is-thehprovhsion of. a. process for forming and winding artificialz'silk prepared from viscose; cupr'ammonia solutions of cellulose; and similar icellirlosic $611k tions, in which the cellulosic solutions are coagu'ated or precipitated as thread or filaments and thereafter; without dryihg therlatter; winding them on a spool or other carrier whi'clr'is so driven as to permit" the"- thread or filaments to exert a braking or retarding action uporithe r0 tationof'the spool cit-other carrier; w P According to the present invention'thetension of the filaments" or" thread beingr wound upon the spool or other carr ier is maintained: come pletely' constant by elastically or: yleldingly applying power in rotating the speol or: other car- 30 rier; This is acc'omplished 'by placing between the spool or spool holders and the-sonrcez-o'f power for driving the spool, or spoolrhoiders power transmitting means which permitsmraking oithe spool by the; thread rbeing :wou'nd even 35 with small rise intensiom .1

In using! such an elastically oryieldingly' driven winding means it is expedient-to place before the spoola positively driven- "cira wirig ofii means orwheel, for example a godet, means-oi which the filaments orthreads are supplied wi'tlicon stant velocity and withoutslip; For avoiding slip'gthe filaments orithread can lie wound set/1+ er'al timesaround the drawing'iroller; addig tion, tensioned'. .or las'tically" yieliiing' filament or thread guides maybe arranged-Between "the drawing-ofifmeans and the. winding spool: rur equalizing tension difierences or for securing oi a certain minimum tension.- p H A still: further objectoi ,the invention is the provision; of a spinningmprocess and apparatus for artificial silk" prepared-A from.materials as above describediim the'spooluon which! the threads or filaments are wound or ithenholders 5e onwhich said spools are carriedgsreeacli driven through a slippingor friction clutch, or'slipping' connection from a suitable source of power;

The slipping or friction connection according to the adjustmentof its slipping or friction moment permits only a definite driving moment 5 to be transmitted. The moment of the filaments or thread tension stands inequilibriuni with this driving moment, whereby the tensionof the filae ments or thread upon being wound on the spool is adjustable. The velocity of winding must be 10 constant on account ofthe constant supply of thread or'fi'laments. This is rendered possible since the driving takes place through a'slipping clutch on connection, 'wherehythe number of revolutions of the spool can become correspondl5 ingly less as the diameter of the windings increases. As slipping or friction clutches or conneetions, the following are suitable .for use:v dry or lubricated slipping clutch'es, hydraulic, pneu matic or magnetic couplings or clutches. lni the drawings in which the invention is ill ustrated, a V

- Figure 1" is a schematic view of one arrangementof apparatus. 7 V

. Figure 2 is a schematic View showing a rr lodi-v 25 fied arrangement of apparatus.

Figure 3' is a central longitudinal section of the holder or carrier for the' spool on whiclr'the filaments or threads are: wound, and in which the yielding or slipping" om'iection is a slipping or sliding clutch.

Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in section oi another modification of apparatus for practice ing theiinvention; i '6 Figures is a cross-section on the line 5-5=oi Figure l.

Figure Gis'a yielding thread or filament guide; partly in section, which .may be employedin practicingthe invention. 1 V Figure? is a; centra'hvertical section-of another 40 modification of thread tensioning means.

Figure 8' is a section on the line 8'--8 of Figure '7. v Figure 9 a's'chema'tic view of apparatus for practicingthe invention utilizing theiel'astic or tension'edthread guide shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Figure 10 is a: schematic viewof apparatus for practicing: the inventio'n :utiliaing ithe teio'sioning' means for'th'e thread .or bundle of filaments shown in Figure 6. v i I Fig=ures l l and 12 are respectively a plan and a side elevation of a modification of tensibned or elastic thread: guide. 7

Figured? is=a plan, partly in-section of am other modification of threadlguide.

Referring to Figure 1, the numeral I indicates a nozzle or spinneret for the viscose or other cellulosic solution; and I the coagulating or precipitating bath. The filaments or threads II pass under the guide rod I2 and then over and around the uniformly and positively driven drawing-off roller 2. The filaments or threads are wound one or more times around the drawing-off roller or godet wheel 2 and guide I4 to prevent slipping. By drawing-off the filaments free of slip, the supplied quantity of filaments remains constant. From the roller or wheel 2 the filaments are conducted into a bath or plurality of baths 3, where the filaments or threads may be treated further with coagulating agents, washing agents, desulphurizing agents, bleaching agents or other agents used in manufacturing artificial threads or filaments. or filaments pass under the guide I6 submerged in the liquid of bath 3; and, after leaving the bath 3, are wound upon the spool 4. If desired, the bath or baths 3 may be omitted, and the threads wound on the spool 4 without pretreatment; and in this latter event a guide I6 is preferably employed before the spool or bobbin 4. Traversing thread or filament. guides are indicated at I5 for the purpose of distributing the thread over the surface of the spool 4.

The spool or bobbin 4 is not fixed or rigidly attached to the spool driving shaft 5, but between the spool and the driving shaft is positioned a sliding or slipping clutch diagrammatically indicated by the numeral 6, the slipping of which varies with the thread or filament tension and permits only a definite or fixed driving moment to be transmitted to the spool 4.

It is to be understood that between the spinning nozzle I and the drawing-off roll 2, as well as between the drawing-off roll 2 and the spool 4, the threads or filaments may be subjected to various treatments, such as stretching and intermediate treatments With liquid treating agents.

The sliding or slipping clutch shown in Figure 3 is an example of a clutch and spool holder construction which may be used in practice and diagrammatically indicated at 6 in Figure 1. Referring specifically to Figure 3, A indicates a positively driven shaft of the spinning machine and on this shaft is positioned the holder B for the spinning spool C. The spool C is preferably made of metal and perforated. The shaft A in Figure 3 corresponds with the shaft 5 in Figure 1.

The spool holder B has an accessory part Ia provided with a set screw 2a for attaching it to the drive shaft A. With the accessory part la is connected the threaded bolt or stem 3a which is provided with a fixed cone 4a and a cone 5a capable of being screwed along the bolt or member 3a. The cone 5a is made secure in position by means of a jam or lock nut 6a. The cones 4a and 5a serve as abutments or races for the two ball bearings Ia and 8a of the hub 9a.

With the hub 9a is connected the true spool holder Illa, which with the screw threaded piece IIa forms a joint body. The spool holder Illa surrounds the shoulders I2a and I3a of the hub So. as shown in Figure 3. Its connection with the hub 9a is rendered possible by means of the flange or securing means I4a which is clamped by the screw piece I la between the latter and the spool holder Illa.

On a pin or extension I5a of the bolt 30. is placed a plate Ilia which can freely movelongitudinally back and forth along the extension The threads.

I5a, but which is secured against turning relative to the extension I51; and the member Ed by means of a screw I'Ia which slidably engages within a groove of the extension Wu. The plate IGa is pressed against a friction surface ISa on the member IIa by means of a spiral spring I3a positioned about the extension I5a. The numeral 2011 indicates a lubricating cap or an inlet for lubricant. The plate IBa. is provided with a friction or sliding surface which engages the corresponding friction or sliding surface I9a.

The accessory part Ia is provided with a beveled portion 2Ia which fits within a correspondingly beveled portion 22a of the spool holder Illa. A circular ridge 23a is provided on the spool holder Illa adjacent the part Ia. The partsof the device are so dimensioned that, when assembled, the part Ia and its beveled surface 2Ia are normally out of contact with the spool holder Illa. The purpose of the ridge 23a is to reduce friction between the part Ia and the spool holder Illa as much as possible when the parts of the device become worn by use, and to this end the ridge 23a is sufiiciently high to contact with the inner end of the part Ia in a bearing relationship before the beveled surfaces 2Ia. and 22a contact with each other.

A rubber or elastic ring 24a is placed or stretched over the spool holder IGa and is adapted to fit in spaced circular depressions 25a and 26a surrounding the spool holder Iila. The purpose of the ring 24a is to attach or fasten the perforated spool C, upon which the threads or filaments are wound, to the spool holder Illa.

The perforated spool C is shown attached to the holder Illa in Figure 3. The external diameter of the ring 24a is somewhat larger than the internal diameter of the spool C sothat the ring 24a is compressed between the spool C and the spool holder Illa when the spool C is pushed on the holder I 0a.. As a result, the spool C will be held for rotation with the holder Illa. When the spool is pulled off the holder, the rubber ring rolls upon the surface 21a and thereafter into the depression 26a; then when a new spool is pushed over the holder the rubber ring 26a rolls back to the depression 25a in a similar manner. This construction greatly facilitates effectively attaching the spool to the holder and detaching it therefrom. It will be readily understood that the spool C in Fig. 3 corresponds with the spool 4 in Figure 1.

In Figure 2 which shows a modified arrangement of apparatus, lb denotes the spinneret;

I 0b, the coagulating bath; I2b, a guide rod; 21),

the positively and uniformly driven drawing-off roll or godet wheel; IIb, a pulley or guide rod; 201), a positively and uniformly driven stretching roll; IBb, a guide rod submerged in the after treating bath or baths 3b; 4b, a spool on which the threads or filaments are wound; 6b, a friction clutch, for example as shown in Figure 3; 5b, a positively driven drive shaft; I5b, a thread guide reciprocating before the spool 4b for distributlng the thread IIb over the surface of the spool 41). The stretching roll or wheel b is driven at a greater peripheral speed than the drawing-off roll 2b in order to produce stretching between the drawing-off roll 2b and the roll 2%. The filaments II b follow the path shown in the drawings. The filaments may be wound one or more times around the godet wheel 2b and may simply pass over or may be wound one or more times around the positively driven roll 2%. The after treating baths in the arrangement of apparatus shown in Figure '3 maybe eliminated, and the thread or filaments spooled without the use of after treating baths or liquids.

InFigures 4 and 5 is shown a modification of the invention in which the driving of the spool or bobbin is accomplished by means of an-air turbine driven by compressed .air, In these views 30 indicates a plurality of shafts to which the turbines v3| are attached at one end; and at the opposite end of each shaft is attached a spool holder 32 which detachably carries the spool 33. Only one spool holder and spool shown for the purpose of simplifying the drawings. The shafts 30 are supported in ball bearings as shown. The pipe 34 carries compressed air to the turbines 3! for driving the latter and. the shafts 3D. The pipe 34 has two branches 35 and 36, each of which are again branched as shown in Figure 5.

In practicing the present invention it has been found that it is advantageous to equalize the filament or thread tension on the part of the filaments or thread before the spool, on which the filaments or threads are wound, by means of an elastic or elastically mounted thread guide, for example elastically or yieldingly mounted hooks or small rolls. The advantages of this mode of operation consist in this that a more rapid or energetic traverse of the thread in spooling can be employed, that is to say, a quicker reciprocating movement of the thread guide before the spool can be used. Besides, in this case, the tension of the thread or filaments can be less. Examples of suitable elastic or yielding thread guides and their use for this purpose are shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13.

Referring to Figure 9, lo indicates the spinneret; lilo, the coagulating or precipitating bath; I20, a thread guide; 2c, a positively and uniformly driven drawing-01f roll or wheel around which the filaments or threads may be wound one or more times; 30, after treating bath or baths; 4c, the spool or bobbin on which the filaments or threads are wound; 50, a shaft positively driven from any suitable source of power; 60, a friction or slipping clutch, for example, as shown in Figure 3, placed between the drive shaft 50 and the spool 40; I50, a thread guide reciprocating before the spool 40 to distribute the filaments or thread over the surface of the spool. As shown in Figure 9, the threads or filaments llc pass from the spinneret through the coagulating bath, then under the guide I20 to the drawing-off roll 20. From the drawing-off roll 20 the thread or filaments pass under the hook portion of the thread guide I60, the details of construction of said thread guide being shown in Figures '7 and 8 on larger scale than in Figure 9. The thread or filaments pass from the thread guide IBc to the winding spool or bobbin 4c.

The thread guide shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9 comprises a cylindrical portion 300 made of cork, or other suitable light material, and is traversed longitudinally by an opening 3lc. Attached to the cork portion 300 about midway of its ends is a porcelain hook 320 under which the filaments or thread Ilc pass, as shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9. Through the opening 3| 0 is passed a slender elastic or rubber band 330. The free ends of the elastic or rubber band are advan-' 34c and 350 attached to the bottom of thetreating bath 30, so as to enable the hook 320 to be held below or above the surface of the-liquid of the after treating bath 30. In Figure 7 the rubber :band 330 is long enough to permit the thread lie to pass under the hook 320 above the surface of the liquid of the bath 30, which construction is used when it is not desired to submit the. threads or filaments to the action of the bath .30., However, in Figure 9 the rubber band 330 has been shortened to cause the hook 320 and the thread or filaments llc to be submerged in the liquid in the bath 3c in order to accomplish after treatment of the threads or filaments. This shortening may be accomplished in any suitable manner, for example, by winding the rubber band around the hooks 34c and 350 until the desired shortening is produced. The cork 30c imparts buoyancy to the hook 320 in the liquid of the treating bath.

In the modified arrangement of apparatus shown in Figure 10, id indicates the spinneret; lllcZ, the coagulating or precipitating bath; [2d, a thread guide, 2d, a positively driven drawingoff roll or godet wheel; I611, a thread guide shown in Figure 6; 4d, a spool or bobbin on which the filaments or threads Ild are wound; 15d, a guide for distributing the thread or filament on the spool or bobbin 4d; 5d indicates a drive shaft driven from any suitable source of power; and 6d indicates a slipping clutch or yielding driving connections, for example, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5. The thread guide ltd comprises a long piece of cork 419d (see Figure 6), for example in the shape of a rod, to the top end of which is secured a porcelain hook Md under which the thread or filament lld passes on its way to the bobbin 4d as shown in Figure 10. The cork body constitutes a float and is weighted at the lower end by means of a small body of lead 4211 (see Figure 6). The thread guide shown in Figure 6 is used as shown in Figure 9. It is placed in a container 43d in which water is placed, the depth of the water being sufficient to permit the device to float. The mass of lead 42d maintains the device upright. As the tension on the thread lid increases the device is pulled further out of the water and hence pulls harder against the thread passing under the hook Md.

The thread guide shown in Figures 11 and 12 comprises a corrosion resistant wire arm 50, coiled in the form of a spring 5! at the end adapted to be connected with supporting means and bent at right angles at the opposite end to receive a pulley or grooved roller 52. Stop means 53 and 54 are fixed on the wire on each side of the roller 52 to hold it in proper position.

The thread guide shown in Figure 13 comprises a rod 66 which is joined to a stud 6| on a suitable supporting means by means of a piece of rubber or elastic tube, the rod 60 being spaced somewhat from the stud 6| as shown in the drawings. At the opposite end of the rod 60, which may be made of glass or metal which resists corrosion, is secured the pulley or grooved guide roller 62. The roller 62 is advantageously carried on an extension 63 attached to the rod .60 by any suitable connection, indicated by the numeral 64. Retaining means 65 and 66 are used on the extension 63 for retaining the roller 62 in operative position.

The thread guide means shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13 may be used as substitutes for the thread guide means I6, I61), I60, and I611 shown respectively in Figures 1, 2, 9 and 10.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for spinning artificial silk filaments comprising in combination, a spinnerette, a bath for coagulating the filaments, a drawing 01f roller for drawing the filaments from the spinnerette and through the coagulating bath, a rotatable collecting device for winding the filaments thereon, and means for regulating the tension imposed upon the filaments during the

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