US2043733A - High voltage vacuum discharge tube - Google Patents

High voltage vacuum discharge tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2043733A
US2043733A US725988A US72598834A US2043733A US 2043733 A US2043733 A US 2043733A US 725988 A US725988 A US 725988A US 72598834 A US72598834 A US 72598834A US 2043733 A US2043733 A US 2043733A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rings
insulating
tube
discharge tube
voltage vacuum
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Expired - Lifetime
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US725988A
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English (en)
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Brasch Arno
Lange Fritz
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/02—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks
    • H01J5/06—Vessels or containers specially adapted for operation at high tension, e.g. by improved potential distribution over surface of vessel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements permitting of the application of potentials of any desired strength to a vacuum space without the occurrence of unintentional self-discharge.
  • the invention affords great advantage with regard to the production of very rapid corpuscular rays of the particles of matter charged as positive or negative.
  • the positive-charged particles may consist, for instance, of positive ions of gases (dia-cathode rays), while the negativecharged particles are formed by electrons (cathode rays).
  • a vacuum space which is reliably free. from self-discharge under high potentials is furthermore capable of being successfully employed in conjunction with vacuum circuit breakers, in the case of which the object concerned is that of immediately interrupting arcs of high output and high voltage, or of preventing the formation thereof entirely.
  • the tube employed by us for 2,400,000 volts possessed, for example, With a total length of 84 cm., approximately 200 armatures. The absolute l distance apart amounted to .3 cm., and the slideway on the other hand to 6 cm.
  • the insulating layers in the vicinity of the inner diameter may be slightly cut away on both sides, so that the metal does not lie against the insulating material in direct fashion at these points.
  • the tube employed for the experiments described above did not possess a special cylindrical cover.
  • the vacuum closure was obtained by means of rubber rings and suitable insulating paper rings, which were arranged in each case between the single metallic rings and possessed a diameter such that the slideway from step to step amounted to 6 cm.
  • the outer diameters of the insulating paper rings employed were larger than those of the metallic rings in order to render flash-over on the exterior more diicult. Beyond this the tube could be operated in oil.
  • the tube was situated in an insulating press to obtain a better packing on the part of the rubber rings; however, the surface pressure resulting upon the evacuation was mostly suiiicient to ensure that the rings tted tightly.
  • the rst and the last metallic plate may be constructed as electrodes, from which, in accordance with the polarity of the generated corpuscles, the negative or positive side of the arrangement is furnished with a suitable emission source.
  • Walls or intermediate insulating layers wholly or partially of quartz or quartz material, porcelain, steatlte, etc.
  • Vacuum tubes produced according to the invention may be successfully operated by short high-voltage impulses, such as supplied, for example, by technical impulse testing systems.
  • the duration of these impulses is situated approximately within the range of 10-3 and 10-6 seconds, it being characteristic that the interval between two impulses is long in comparison with the duration of the impulse itself. Since a discharge can only take place when electricity carriers of both polarities are present, and are furnished with the opportunity of eiectively impacting, it is possible in the case of sub--divided tubes of this nature, the rapidly occurring sliding discharges along the wall having been overcome, to utilize the lower degree of movement of the ions and, owing to the retardation, to apply much higher potentials to the tube than would conform to the prevailing gas pressure.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a form of embodiment of the discharge tube.
  • Fig. 2 is a View of part of a further embodiment of the discharge tube, partly in section.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through an additional embodiment, employing rubber rings which are substantially circular in cross-section.
  • Fig. 4 is the View of a still further form of embodiment of the tube, in which the discharge space is increased towards the anode.
  • I and 2 designate two plates or rings, which at the same time act as supports for the cathode indicated at 3 and the anode indicated at 4.
  • the tube wall between these two plates is composed of metal rings 5, rubber rings 6 and insulating rings 1.
  • these rings are superimposed in alternate fashion and in such a manner that the edges of the holes in the metallic rings 5 project beyond the corresponding edges of the insulating rings 1, in order to sub-divide the wall of the tube in the manner above described.
  • the rubber rings 6 serve to Seal the inner space of the tube against atmosphere.
  • the outer peripheral edges of the insulating rings 1 project only to a slight extent beyond the outer edges of the metallic rings 5.
  • the sealing of the tube against the exterior is performed, however, by means of a rubber sleeve or the like 8, which under the action of the outer atmospheric pressure moves into the grooves formed between the metal rings and the insulating rings.
  • the attachment of the sleeve 8 to the end plate I may be performed in any appropriate fashion, for example by means of a clip.
  • the rubber rings 6 shown in Fig. 1 are replaced by rubber rings 9.
  • These rings in the manner described above, may be fitted in special grooves in the insulating discs 1, or, as shown in Fig. 3, there may be provided on the insulating rings 1 insulating rings I0 and Il disposed concentrically to each other .on both sides, so that the annular space between these rings may be employed for location of the rubber ring 8.
  • the rubber rings 9, as disclosed by the drawings are somewhat compressed, and serve as a packing in a similar manner to the rubber rings 6 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which packs of rings in relatively step-like fashion are so arranged that the discharge space between the cathode and the anode (designated K and A respectively in Fig. 4) is widened out.
  • the single packs may be composed as in the embodiments according to Figs. 1-3.
  • the packs in Fig. 4 are designated P.
  • An ultrahigh-voltage vacuum discharge tube comprising end plates with electrodes and a series of contiguous unit condenser sections forming with said end plates an evacuated enclosure, each of said unit condenser sections comprising first a sealing insulating ring, then a metal ring, then another sealing insulating ring, then a main insulating ring, each of said rings abutting the next in the order named, to form a hermetically sealed envelope.
  • An ultrahigh-voltage vacuum discharge tube comprising end plates and a series of contiguous annular unit condenser sections, each of said sections abutting against the next to form a substantially tubular surface between said end plates,
  • An ultrahigh-voltage vacuum discharge tube comprising end plates embodying electrodes and i) a ser1es of cont1guous umt condenser sections a series of contiguous unit condenser sections diameter of the said metal rings is less than Y the inner diameter of said insulating rings.
  • An ultrahigh-voltage Vacuum discharge tube comprising end plates, a series of contiguous unit condenser sections of relatively high capacity and constituting with said end plates the Wall of the said tube and forming an evacuated sealed envelope, the said Wall being noneconductive in respect of the highest potential applied and each of said unit condenser sections comprising alternate rings of metal and insulating material, electrodes supported centrally of said end plates between which electrodes the discharge is adapted to pass centrally of said discharge tube.
  • ARNO BRASCH ET AL.
  • ARNO BRASCH ET AL.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
US725988A 1930-04-02 1934-05-16 High voltage vacuum discharge tube Expired - Lifetime US2043733A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE639825T 1930-04-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2043733A true US2043733A (en) 1936-06-09

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US725988A Expired - Lifetime US2043733A (en) 1930-04-02 1934-05-16 High voltage vacuum discharge tube

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2043733A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE639825C (en(2012))
FR (2) FR699502A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB376761A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL33359C (en(2012))

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416565A (en) * 1942-03-28 1947-02-25 Gen Electric High-frequency electronic device
US2429217A (en) * 1942-05-07 1947-10-21 Electronized Chem Corp Device for treatment of matters with high-speed electrons
US2446825A (en) * 1942-12-31 1948-08-10 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency electric discharge device
US2450023A (en) * 1943-11-15 1948-09-28 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2458802A (en) * 1942-03-30 1949-01-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron assembly and method
US2460201A (en) * 1946-12-20 1949-01-25 Research Corp Laminated envelope structure for electron discharge devices
US2466059A (en) * 1943-09-03 1949-04-05 Raytheon Mfg Co Laminated magnetron
US2477122A (en) * 1942-05-30 1949-07-26 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2498735A (en) * 1947-12-26 1950-02-28 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic aging of alcoholic beverages
US2501882A (en) * 1948-03-18 1950-03-28 Research Corp High-voltage high-vacuum acceleration tube
US2509009A (en) * 1948-10-08 1950-05-23 Atomic Energy Commission Insulating column structure
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2516849A (en) * 1945-10-09 1950-08-01 Electronized Chem Corp Method of producing butadiene from alcohols
US2516848A (en) * 1945-10-09 1950-08-01 Electronized Chem Corp Method of producing butadiene from petroleum and petroleum fractions
US2534222A (en) * 1947-09-24 1950-12-19 Electronized Chem Corp Methods of detoxifying poisonous compounds
US2593433A (en) * 1941-09-19 1952-04-22 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultrahigh-frequency oscillation generator
US2634384A (en) * 1950-12-01 1953-04-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermal structure for electron discharge devices
US2656404A (en) * 1950-12-01 1953-10-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Laminated ring lead-in for electron discharge devices
US2796545A (en) * 1949-12-21 1957-06-18 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2981897A (en) * 1954-10-22 1961-04-25 Gen Electric Electric discharge device and socket
US2985783A (en) * 1956-07-30 1961-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Thin screen members

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE766556C (de) * 1937-09-05 1953-12-14 Aeg Anordnung mit Gasentladungsgefaess fuer hohe Betriebsspannungen
DE746985C (de) * 1938-05-17 1944-09-01 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Elektrische Entladungsroehre, vorzugsweise mit Gas- oder Dampffuellung und Gluehkathode

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2593433A (en) * 1941-09-19 1952-04-22 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultrahigh-frequency oscillation generator
US2416565A (en) * 1942-03-28 1947-02-25 Gen Electric High-frequency electronic device
US2458802A (en) * 1942-03-30 1949-01-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron assembly and method
US2429217A (en) * 1942-05-07 1947-10-21 Electronized Chem Corp Device for treatment of matters with high-speed electrons
US2477122A (en) * 1942-05-30 1949-07-26 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2446825A (en) * 1942-12-31 1948-08-10 Gen Electric Ultra high frequency electric discharge device
US2466059A (en) * 1943-09-03 1949-04-05 Raytheon Mfg Co Laminated magnetron
US2450023A (en) * 1943-11-15 1948-09-28 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2516848A (en) * 1945-10-09 1950-08-01 Electronized Chem Corp Method of producing butadiene from petroleum and petroleum fractions
US2516849A (en) * 1945-10-09 1950-08-01 Electronized Chem Corp Method of producing butadiene from alcohols
US2460201A (en) * 1946-12-20 1949-01-25 Research Corp Laminated envelope structure for electron discharge devices
US2534222A (en) * 1947-09-24 1950-12-19 Electronized Chem Corp Methods of detoxifying poisonous compounds
US2498735A (en) * 1947-12-26 1950-02-28 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic aging of alcoholic beverages
US2501882A (en) * 1948-03-18 1950-03-28 Research Corp High-voltage high-vacuum acceleration tube
US2509009A (en) * 1948-10-08 1950-05-23 Atomic Energy Commission Insulating column structure
US2796545A (en) * 1949-12-21 1957-06-18 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2634384A (en) * 1950-12-01 1953-04-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermal structure for electron discharge devices
US2656404A (en) * 1950-12-01 1953-10-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Laminated ring lead-in for electron discharge devices
US2981897A (en) * 1954-10-22 1961-04-25 Gen Electric Electric discharge device and socket
US2985783A (en) * 1956-07-30 1961-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Thin screen members

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR40060E (fr) 1932-04-20
FR699502A (fr) 1931-02-16
DE639825C (de) 1936-12-14
NL33359C (en(2012)) 1934-08-15
GB376761A (en) 1932-06-30

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