US2037478A - Thermochemical process for the production of an antidetonating fuel for explosion engines - Google Patents
Thermochemical process for the production of an antidetonating fuel for explosion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2037478A US2037478A US673829A US67382933A US2037478A US 2037478 A US2037478 A US 2037478A US 673829 A US673829 A US 673829A US 67382933 A US67382933 A US 67382933A US 2037478 A US2037478 A US 2037478A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- production
- antidetonating
- explosion engines
- distillation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
Definitions
- the subject matter of the invention is a thermochemical process for the production of a cheap anti-detonating fuel from ethyl alcohol or synthetic methyl alcohol and light oil obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, etc., or the raw benzenes obtained from the distillation of coal in coke or gas plants and containing xylene, toluene, and many other hydrocarbons similarly obtained, such fuel being suitable for explosion engines.
- the drawing illustrates a plant adapted to carry out the invention.
- the process according to the invention consists in mixing in the cold from about or a little less than a range of 40% to by weight of ethyl alcohol or synthetic methyl alcohol with from about, or a little less than a range of 60% to 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, etc., or the raw benzenes obtained from the distillation of coal in coke or gas plants and containing xylene, toluene, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to then distilling the vapor in a suitable apparatus such as a reaction tube apparatus illustrated which forms the subject matter of a separate patent application Serial No.
- the fuel that is thus produced is of the same type; it has an effective (lower) calorific power of 8780 calories, a specific gravity of 0.7983 at 15 C., is
- the flash point and the point of ignition are below 15 C.
- thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonatin'g fuel for explosion engines consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 30 40% to almost 60% by weight of an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, with the ad- 35 dition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to" sum up to 100%, distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 C. to 500 C., 40 according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
- an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol
- light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists with the ad- 35 dition of about 2% of naphthalene
- thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 40% to almost 60% by weight of synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, with the addition of about 2% m of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to 100%, distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 C. to 500 0., according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
- thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly to almost by weight of an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils, raw benzenes and other hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of coal in coke and gas plants, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 to 500 0., according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
- an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils, raw benzenes and other hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of coal in coke and gas plants, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene
- thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 40% to almost 60% by weight of synethetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% 01' light oils, raw benzenes and other hydrocarbons obtained by distillation oi. coal in coke and gas plants, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to 100% distilling the mixeture and subjecting the resulting vapors to
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
April 1936- E. LIVRAGHI 2,037,478
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ANTIDETONATING' FUEL FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Filed June 1, 1935 PFACT/M W TVBE'N Mina/c 0425 222 on MAssEs I VAPOR/2E0 L "P /J|' I] u u ll u I 11 1:44 M/XTURE I l INJECTOR COOL/NC COIL III/III ,il/ATURF aF Altar/01., 0/4, Alva MPl/TIYAZF ,rqw'vrzuzys.
Patented Apr. 14, 1936 PATENT OFFICE THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ANTIDETONATING FUEL FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Erminio Livraghi, Milan, Italy Application June 1, 1933, Serial No. 673,829 In Italy June 9, 1932 4 Claims.
The subject matter of the invention is a thermochemical process for the production of a cheap anti-detonating fuel from ethyl alcohol or synthetic methyl alcohol and light oil obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, etc., or the raw benzenes obtained from the distillation of coal in coke or gas plants and containing xylene, toluene, and many other hydrocarbons similarly obtained, such fuel being suitable for explosion engines.
For this purpose it is possible to employ ethyl alcohol even if it is not anhydrous-e. g., at 95 or synthetic methyl alcohol or light oil obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks 'and shales, (this product otherwise having only limited industrial applications), whilst obtaining an antidetonating fuel the yield of which is equal, if not superior, to that of the best petrols, with a cost of manufacture that is lower than that of petrol.
The drawing illustrates a plant adapted to carry out the invention.
The process according to the invention consists in mixing in the cold from about or a little less than a range of 40% to by weight of ethyl alcohol or synthetic methyl alcohol with from about, or a little less than a range of 60% to 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, etc., or the raw benzenes obtained from the distillation of coal in coke or gas plants and containing xylene, toluene, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to then distilling the vapor in a suitable apparatus such as a reaction tube apparatus illustrated which forms the subject matter of a separate patent application Serial No. 673,830, filed June 1, 1933, and subjecting these vapors to a cracking process at a temperature of 350 to 500 C. according to the proper cracking temperatures of the distilled vapors. The fuel that is thus produced, whether obtained with ethyl alcohol or synthetic methyl alcohol and mentioned light oils derived from the bituminous rocks distilling between 45 C. and 280 C. and having spccific gravity of .8 or whether with either of the said alcohols and the oil or benzene obtained from coal distillation alluded to, is of the same type; it has an effective (lower) calorific power of 8780 calories, a specific gravity of 0.7983 at 15 C., is
free from mineral acid and has the following composition:
C=88.5% H: 8.2% O= 3.3% 5 S= 0.10%
The flash point and the point of ignition are below 15 C.
Fractional distillation tests carried out on the said fuels gave the following results: 10
C. C. Per cent. From 42 to 45; 12 From 45 to 55 20.4 From 55 to 85 10.15 15 From 85 to 95 9.1 From 95 to 3.6 From 120 to n 5.8.. From 135 to 5.1 From 150 to 6.75 20 From 170 to 6 From 190 to 210 4.6 From 210 to 220 4.25 Above 220 to 235 12.25
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters 25 Patent of the United States is:--
1. A thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonatin'g fuel for explosion engines, consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 30 40% to almost 60% by weight of an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, with the ad- 35 dition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to" sum up to 100%, distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 C. to 500 C., 40 according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
2. A thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines, consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 40% to almost 60% by weight of synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils obtained by distillation from bituminous rocks and schists, with the addition of about 2% m of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to 100%, distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 C. to 500 0., according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
3. A thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines, consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly to almost by weight of an alcohol such as either one of the two alcohols, ethyl and synthetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% of light oils, raw benzenes and other hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of coal in coke and gas plants, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to distilling the mixture and subjecting the resulting vapors to a thermal cracking treatment at a temperature ranging from 350 to 500 0., according to required cracking temperature for the distilled vapors.
4. A thermo-chemical process for the production of an anti-detonating fuel for explosion engines, consisting in mixing in the cold from nearly 40% to almost 60% by weight of synethetic methyl alcohol with from nearly 60% to almost 40% 01' light oils, raw benzenes and other hydrocarbons obtained by distillation oi. coal in coke and gas plants, with the addition of about 2% of naphthalene, the proportions being always adjusted to sum up to 100% distilling the mixeture and subjecting the resulting vapors to
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT2037478X | 1932-06-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2037478A true US2037478A (en) | 1936-04-14 |
Family
ID=11435019
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US673829A Expired - Lifetime US2037478A (en) | 1932-06-09 | 1933-06-01 | Thermochemical process for the production of an antidetonating fuel for explosion engines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2037478A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230414525A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-12-28 | Vesselon, Inc. | Compositions and methods for targeted delivery of therapeutics using carriers |
-
1933
- 1933-06-01 US US673829A patent/US2037478A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230414525A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-12-28 | Vesselon, Inc. | Compositions and methods for targeted delivery of therapeutics using carriers |
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