US20240027077A1 - Hybrid multi-air conditioning system and method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system - Google Patents

Hybrid multi-air conditioning system and method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20240027077A1
US20240027077A1 US18/218,791 US202318218791A US2024027077A1 US 20240027077 A1 US20240027077 A1 US 20240027077A1 US 202318218791 A US202318218791 A US 202318218791A US 2024027077 A1 US2024027077 A1 US 2024027077A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
hot water
water supply
heat exchanger
expansion valve
air conditioning
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US18/218,791
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English (en)
Inventor
Yejin Kim
Eunjun Cho
Woojoo Choi
Jihyeong RYU
Dongkeun Yang
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Assigned to LG ELECTRONICS INC. reassignment LG ELECTRONICS INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Cho, Eunjun, Choi, Woojoo, KIM, YEJIN, RYU, Jihyeong, YANG, DONGKEUN
Publication of US20240027077A1 publication Critical patent/US20240027077A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1084—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heating systems
    • F24D19/1087—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heating systems system using a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/12—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0096—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater combined with domestic apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/223—Temperature of the water in the water storage tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F25B41/42—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/31—Air conditioning systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0242—Multiple way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0271—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/06—Heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/18—Details or features not otherwise provided for combined with domestic apparatus
    • F24F2221/183—Details or features not otherwise provided for combined with domestic apparatus combined with a hot-water boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/005—Outdoor unit expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser

Definitions

  • a hybrid multi-air conditioning system and a method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system are disclosed herein.
  • a hybrid system capable of simultaneous cooling and hot water supply operations uses a plate heat exchanger, such as a hydro-kit, when using a water tank to firstly perform refrigerant-water heat exchange with an air-side cycle, and to secondly perform water-water heat exchange between the hydro-kit and the water tank.
  • a plate heat exchanger such as a hydro-kit
  • Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0023877 which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a heat pump type hot water supply device.
  • an amount of condensation heat on a refrigerant side can be controlled by a flow rate of water.
  • a water tank and an outdoor device side heat exchanger are operated by a condenser and are divided into two, expansion valves are installed at a water tank outlet and an outdoor device outlet, respectively, and refrigerant is sent to an indoor device-side expansion valve.
  • the refrigerant discharged from each condenser must pass through two expansion valves until the refrigerant is changed from high pressure to low pressure, where if an opening of the expansion valve is too small, excessive pressure loss occurs and two-phase refrigerant enters the expansion valve.
  • an evaporation temperature of the evaporator is greatly reduced, and an evaporation temperature reduction may cause cycle hunting and limit control entry.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid multi-air conditioning system according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent cooling operation
  • FIG. 4 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent heating operation
  • FIG. 5 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent operation of hot water supply;
  • FIG. 6 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during a heating and hot water supply operation
  • FIG. 7 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during cooling and hot water supply operations;
  • FIG. 8 is an operation diagram illustrating a state in which only the hot water supply heat exchanger operates as a condenser during cooling and hot water supply operations of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a control diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid multi-air conditioning system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 1 .
  • hybrid multi-air conditioning system 100 may include a hot water supply unit 30 , at least one indoor device 20 for both heating and cooling, and an outdoor device 10 for both heating and cooling.
  • the hot water supply unit 30 may include a water tank 31 that extends lengthwise in a vertical direction while storing water for hot water supply, a water circulation pipe that supplies water from outside to a bottom of the water tank 31 and discharges heated water to the outside through a top of the water tank 310 , and a hot water supply heat exchanger 32 attached to an outside of the water tank 31 and coupled thereto to enable heat dissipation.
  • Heat exchange between the water tank 31 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is performed by heat exchange between a refrigerant flowing through the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and water inside of the water tank 31 .
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 acts as a condenser that performs a heat dissipation function.
  • a pipe through which the refrigerant flows may be directly wound around an outer wall of the water tank 31 in a coil shape to increase a contact area, thereby exchanging heat.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 has a hot water supply input pipe 34 connected to a second discharge pipe 42 of the outdoor device 10 and a first hot water supply discharge pipe 35 through which condensed liquid refrigerant flows after heat exchange with the water tank 31 .
  • the first hot water supply discharge pipe 35 may be connected to a first node n 1 that connects the indoor device 20 , the outdoor device 10 , and the hot water supply unit 30 .
  • a first hot water supply expansion valve 33 may be disposed in the first hot water supply discharge pipe 35 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 .
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 formed in a discharge portion of the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 may be an electronic expansion valve, adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the pipe of the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 , and allow the condensed refrigerant to flow into the outdoor device 10 or the indoor device 20 . In this way, heat exchange is performed directly between the water and the refrigerant in the water tank 31 without a separate hydro kit, and thus, the heat exchange takes place directly, so that a heat exchange efficiency may be improved.
  • the indoor device 10 for both heating and cooling may include a compressor 13 , an outdoor heat exchanger 11 , an outdoor heat exchanger fan 12 , and a switching means.
  • the switching means includes a four-way valve 14 according to this embodiment.
  • the compressor 13 may include a plurality of compressors 13 connected in parallel; however, embodiments are not limited thereto.
  • An accumulator may be formed at an input end of the compressor 13 .
  • a first compressor may be an inverter compressor capable of varying a compression capacity of the refrigerant
  • a second compressor may be a constant speed compressor having a constant compression capacity of the refrigerant.
  • a low-pressure connection pipe 46 connected to the indoor device 20 may be connected to an input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 via the four-way valve 14 .
  • First and second discharge pipes 42 and 43 may be connected to a discharge portion 41 of the compressor 13 as a high-pressure connection pipe.
  • the first discharge pipe 43 allow discharged high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to flow into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the second discharge pipe 42 allows the discharged high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to flow into the hot water supply unit 30 and is connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 .
  • the first discharge pipe 43 may pass through the four-way valve 14 and be connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the second discharge pipe 42 may bypass refrigerant discharged from the compressor 13 without passing through the four-way valve 14 and be connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 may be connected to the four-way valve 14 through the first discharge pipe 43 .
  • refrigerant is condensed or evaporated by heat exchange with outdoor air.
  • the outdoor device fan 12 introduces air into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is used as a condenser during a cooling operation, and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is used as an evaporator during a heating operation.
  • An outdoor expansion valve 17 may be installed on a liquid pipe connection pipe 44 that connects the outdoor heat exchanger 11 and the indoor device 20 .
  • the outdoor expansion valve 17 expands refrigerant during the heating operation.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 17 expands refrigerant condensed in the plurality of indoor heat exchangers 21 during the heating operation before the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the four-way valve 14 may be provided in the discharge portion 41 of the compressor 13 and switch a flow path of refrigerant flowing in the outdoor device 10 .
  • the four-way valve 14 may switch the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 13 according to hot water supply, cooling and heating operations of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system 100 .
  • Such an outdoor device 10 for both heating and cooling may include a hot water supply valve 15 between the second discharge pipe 42 and the hot water supply input pipe 34 and a discharge valve 16 between the first discharge pipe 43 and the discharge portion 41 of the compressor 13 .
  • the hot water supply valve 15 and the discharge valve 16 may be solenoid valves that selectively operate to block or allow the refrigerant to flow as needed.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 and the discharge valve 16 do not need to operate in a hot water supply operation when the water temperature reaches the user's desired water temperature during cooling and hot water supply and heating and hot water supply operations.
  • the hot water valve 15 when the hot water valve 15 is closed, only the outdoor device 10 serves as a condenser during the cooling operation, and only the indoor device 20 serves as a condenser during the heating operation.
  • the outdoor device 10 may further include a supercooling device (not illustrated) on the liquid pipe connection pipe 44 .
  • the supercooling device may cool the refrigerant transferred to the indoor device 20 during the cooling operation.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system 100 includes at least one indoor device 20 .
  • a plurality of indoor devices 20 for both heating and cooling may be connected to one outdoor device 10 .
  • three indoor devices B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 ; however, embodiments are not limited thereto.
  • Each of the indoor devices B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 for both heating and cooling includes an indoor heat exchanger 21 , an indoor expansion valve 22 , and an indoor fan 23 , respectively.
  • first, second, and third indoor heat exchangers 21 , first, second, and third indoor expansion valves 22 and first, second, and third indoor device fans 23 are included.
  • the first, second, and third indoor expansion valves 22 are installed on first, second, and third indoor connection pipes 26 that connect the first, second, and third indoor heat exchangers 21 and the first node n 1 .
  • the first, second, and third indoor connection pipes 26 may be connected to the liquid pipe connection pipe 44 of the outdoor device 10 at the first node n 1 .
  • the indoor devices B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 for both cooling and heating may be connected in parallel.
  • the indoor devices B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 for both cooling and heating may be connected in series.
  • the first, second, and third indoor devices B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 for both cooling and heating may also be connected with low-pressure connection pipes 27 ( 46 ) through which the discharged refrigerant flows to the compressor 13 .
  • the air conditioning system 100 may further include a pressure sensor that measures a pressure of the refrigerant, a temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the refrigerant, and a strainer that removes foreign substances present in the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe.
  • the outdoor device 10 , the indoor device 20 , and the hot water supply unit 30 act as condensers or evaporators according to operation modes
  • a separate refrigerant flow rate control device is not applied and it's function may be performed by opening the currently installed electronic expansion valve.
  • the optimum refrigerant flow rate control is possible by controlling each electronic expansion valve by determining a superheating degree or supercooling degree through a plurality of temperature sensors formed in each electronic expansion valve.
  • temperature control of the hot water supply unit 30 is performed in a state in which an amount of water cannot be controlled, and direct heat exchange is performed without a separate hydro kit, so that it is possible to determine whether two-phase refrigerant flows into the evaporator by determining the superheating degree of the discharged refrigerant. Therefore, it is possible to block the two-phase refrigerant by controlling the opening of the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 according to whether the two-phase refrigerant flows in.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system 100 is capable of an independent cooling operation, an independent heating operation, a cooling and hot water supply operation, a heating and hot water supply operation, and an independent hot water supply operation.
  • a heat exchanger operating as a condenser may be variously set according to the temperature of the water in the water tank 31 and the cooling load.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operates as a condenser.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 also operates as a condenser.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 or the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operating as a condenser may be selected according to each situation.
  • a hot water supply discharge pipe 36 having a first side which is branched from the first hot water supply discharge pipe 35 that connects the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 , and a second side which is joined to the first discharge pipe 43 that connects the compressor 13 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 , and a second hot water supply expansion valve 37 installed on the second hot water discharge pipe 36 are included.
  • the second hot water supply discharge pipe 36 may be branched from the first hot water supply discharge pipe 35 between the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and may be joined to the first discharge pipe 43 between the four-way valve 14 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • a first temperature sensor 38 installed to detect a temperature of water in the water tank 31 may be included.
  • second temperature sensor 47 installed at a rear end (discharge end) of the compressor 13 to measure a temperature of the refrigerant may be further included.
  • a first pressure sensor 48 installed at the rear end (discharge end) of the compressor 13 to measure a pressure of the refrigerant may be further included.
  • the condensation temperature may be predicted through high-pressure information detected by the first pressure sensor 48 .
  • FIG. 3 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent cooling operation. Referring to FIG. 3 , as the hot water supply operation is stopped during a cooling-only operation, only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 singly operates as a condenser.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is closed and the discharge valve 16 is opened. Then, the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are closed, and the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened.
  • the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened or all of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened according to an indoor environment.
  • the refrigerant which is in a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous phase after the compressor 13 operates, passes through the discharge valve 16 and then passes through the four-way valve 14 to be sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant by exchanging heat with outdoor air.
  • the condensed liquid refrigerant passes through the outdoor expansion valve 17 , passes through the indoor expansion valve 22 of the indoor device 20 operating in the cooling operation at the first node n 1 to be expanded, and then is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger 21 operating as the evaporator as a low-pressure refrigerant. After the low-pressure refrigerant enters the indoor device 20 , the low-pressure refrigerant is evaporated through heat exchange with indoor air. Thus, an indoor space is cooled.
  • the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 21 repeats the process of passing through the four-way valve 14 through the low-pressure connection pipe 46 , flows into the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 again, and is re-discharged as a high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 17 is fully open, and an opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 22 may be adjusted according to a target indoor temperature and a cooling load.
  • indoor cooling may proceed in a state in which hot water supply is stopped.
  • FIG. 4 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent heating operation.
  • the hot water supply operation is stopped, and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operates as an evaporator.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 operates as a condenser.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is closed and the discharge valve 16 is closed. Then, the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are closed, and the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened.
  • indoor expansion valves 22 when a plurality of indoor expansion valves 22 is provided, only some of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened according to the indoor environment, or all of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened.
  • the refrigerant which is in the a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous phase after the compressor 13 operates, passes through the discharge valve 16 and then passes through four-way valve 14 to be sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
  • the high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21 is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant through heat exchange with indoor air. In this process, heating of an indoor space proceeds.
  • the condensed high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the indoor expansion valve 22 and is sent to a side of the outdoor expansion valve 17 at the first node n 1 .
  • the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant passing through the outdoor expansion valve 17 is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operating as an evaporator.
  • the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with outdoor air and evaporates into a low-temperature gaseous refrigerant. Thereafter, the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 11 repeats the process of passing through the four-way valve 14 , flows into the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 again, and is re-discharged as the high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 17 is fully open, and the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 22 may be adjusted according to a target indoor temperature and heating load.
  • FIG. 5 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during an independent operation of hot water supply.
  • the independent hot water supply operation is performed when only hot water supply is requested without cooling or heating.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the outdoor expansion valve 17 are opened, and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are closed.
  • the refrigerant that is in a high-pressure gaseous phase after the compressor 13 operates is sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operating as a condenser through the second discharge pipe 42 and the hot water supply valve 15 .
  • the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 exchanges heat with the water inside of the water tank 31 to heat the water inside of the water tank 31 and is condensed into a high-pressure liquid phase.
  • the condensed high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and is transferred from the first node n 1 to the outdoor expansion valve 17 side. Then, the refrigerant expanded into the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant in the outdoor expansion valve 17 repeats the process of passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operating as an evaporator, passing through the four-way valve 14 , and flowing into the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 again, and is re-discharged as a high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • FIG. 6 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during a heating and hot water supply operation.
  • all valves except for the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are opened.
  • the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 is closed, the hot water supply valve 15 and the discharge valve 16 are opened, and the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 , the outdoor expansion valve 17 , and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operates as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 21 operates as a condenser.
  • indoor expansion valves 22 when a plurality of indoor expansion valves 22 is provided, only some of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened according to the indoor environment, or all of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened.
  • a portion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through the discharge valve 16 and then passes through the four-way valve 14 and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21 , and the remaining portion passes through the hot water supply valve 15 and is sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 .
  • the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant while exchanging heat with the indoor air to heat the indoor space, or exchanges heat with water inside of the water tank 31 to heat the water inside of the water tank 31 and is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the condensed high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the indoor expansion valve 22 and the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 , respectively, meets at the first node n 1 and is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 through the outdoor expansion valve 17 of the outdoor device 10 which operates as an evaporator at the first node n 1 .
  • the refrigerant introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 repeats the process of being evaporated by heat exchange with outdoor air, passing through the four-way valve 14 through the first discharge pipe 43 , and then flowing to the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 again, and is re-discharged as a high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 22 may be adjusted according to a target indoor temperature and heating load.
  • the hot water supply operation and indoor heating may be performed simultaneously.
  • FIG. 7 is an operation diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 during cooling and hot water supply operations.
  • the flow of refrigerant proceeds as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the heat exchangers 11 and 32 of the outdoor device 10 and the hot water supply unit 30 operate as condensers, and the heat exchanger 21 of the indoor device 20 operates as an evaporator.
  • indoor expansion valves 22 when a plurality of indoor expansion valves 22 is provided, only some of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened according to the indoor environment, or all of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened.
  • a refrigerant that is in a high-pressure gaseous phase after the compressor 13 operates passes through the hot water supply valve 15 and is sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 .
  • the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 as described above is condensed into a liquid phase by heat exchange with the water inside of the water tank 31 to heat water inside of the water tank 31 .
  • the condensed liquid refrigerant passes through the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 , is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 , and is further condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air.
  • the condensed liquid refrigerant passes through the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 , passes through the indoor expansion valve 22 of the indoor device 20 which operates in a cooling mode, and thus, is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger 21 as low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant evaporates by exchanging heat with indoor air, passes through the four-way valve 14 through the low-pressure connection pipe 46 while cooling the indoor air, and enters the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 and is introduced into the compressor 13 again.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 or the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 may be selected through an operating frequency (Hz) of the compressor 13 .
  • only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 may singly operate as a condenser.
  • only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 may singly operate as a condenser.
  • both the outdoor heat exchanger 11 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 may operate as condensers.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is closed and the discharge valve 16 is opened, similarly to the independent cooling operation. Then, the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are closed, and the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened. At this time, even in the cooling and hot water supply operation, only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 operates as a condenser.
  • the refrigerant which is in a high-pressure gaseous phase after the compressor 13 operates, passes through the discharge valve 16 and then passes through the four-way valve 14 to be sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is condensed through heat exchange with outdoor air.
  • the condensed liquid refrigerant passes through the outdoor expansion valve 17 and passes through the indoor expansion valve 22 of the indoor device 20 performing a cooling operation at the first node n 1 and then is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger 21 as low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant repeats a process of evaporating by exchanging heat with indoor air, passing through the four-way valve 14 through the low-pressure connection pipe 46 while cooling the indoor air, and flowing into the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 again, and is re-discharged as a high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • FIG. 8 is an operation diagram illustrating a state in which only the hot water supply heat exchanger operates as a condenser during cooling and hot water supply operations of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 2 .
  • the flow of refrigerant proceeds as illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened, the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and the outdoor expansion valve 17 are closed, and only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operates as a condenser.
  • indoor expansion valves 22 when a plurality of indoor expansion valves 22 is provided, only some of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened according to the indoor environment, or all of the indoor expansion valves 22 may be opened.
  • refrigerant which is in a high-pressure gas phase after the compressor 13 operates, is sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operating as a condenser through the second discharge pipe 42 and the hot water supply valve 15 .
  • the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant sent to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 exchanges heat with the water inside of the water tank 31 to heat the water inside of the water tank 31 and is condensed into a high-pressure liquid phase.
  • the condensed high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and is transferred from the first node n 1 to the indoor expansion valve 22 side. Then, the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor expansion valve 22 repeats the process of passing through the indoor heat exchanger 21 , passing through the four-way valve 14 , flowing into the input pipe 45 of the compressor 13 , is introduced into the compressor 13 , again, and is re-discharged as a high-pressure, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant.
  • only the hot water supply operation may be performed singly.
  • only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 may operate as a condenser.
  • FIG. 9 is a control diagram of the hybrid multi-air conditioning system of FIG. 1 .
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system 100 may include a controller 50 .
  • the controller 50 may receive values measured from the first temperature sensor 38 , the second temperature sensor 47 , and the first pressure sensor 48 .
  • the controller 50 may receive the water temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 38 , the discharge temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 47 , the discharge pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 48 , or a condensation temperature value determined from the discharge pressure.
  • the controller 50 may calculate a discharge superheating degree based on the discharge temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 47 , the discharge pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 48 , or the condensation temperature value determined from the discharge pressure.
  • the controller 50 may receive operation frequency (Hz) information of the compressor.
  • the controller 50 may open and close hot water supply valve 15 , discharge valve 16 , first hot water supply expansion valve 33 , second hot water supply expansion valve 37 , outdoor expansion valve 17 , and indoor expansion valve 22 or may adjust an opening degree thereof. Further, the controller 50 may adjust an open position of the four-way valve 14 , and may adjust whether or not the respective fans 12 and 23 operate and a number of revolutions per unit time.
  • the controller 50 may control whether or not the heater 60 described hereinafter operates and an output thereof. In addition, the controller 50 may control the operating frequency (Hz) and capacity of the compressor 13 .
  • the controller 50 opens the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and closes the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 .
  • the hot water supply and cooling operation mode when the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank 31 is the predetermined reference temperature or less and the cooling load is lower than the predetermined reference value, this is a situation in which a refrigerant cycle for cooling is unnecessary, and only a refrigerant cycle for hot water supply is required. Therefore, only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is controlled to operate as a condenser. In other words, at this time, the refrigerant flows as illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened, the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and the outdoor expansion valve 17 are closed, and only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operates as a condenser.
  • the controller 50 opens the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and closes the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 .
  • both the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are controlled to operate as condensers.
  • the refrigerant flows as illustrated in FIG. 7 . That is, the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed. Then, the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 , the outdoor expansion valve 17 , and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened, and the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 is closed, so that the heat exchangers 11 and 32 of the outdoor device 10 and the hot water supply unit 30 operate as condensers, and the heat exchanger 21 of the indoor device 20 operates as an evaporator.
  • the controller 50 opens the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and closes the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 .
  • the controller 50 operates both the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 as condensers.
  • the controller 50 in the hot water supply and cooling operation mode, even if the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank 31 is the predetermined reference temperature or more and the cooling load is higher than the predetermined reference value, the controller 50 , according to the discharge superheating degree of the compressor 13 , opens the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 or the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 .
  • the controller 50 operates the hot water supply heat exchanger 31 singly as a condenser.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened, the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and the outdoor expansion valve 17 are closed.
  • the controller 50 operates only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 as a condenser.
  • the controller 50 operates only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 as a condenser.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 may singly operate as a condenser so that the hot water supply operation is stopped, and the independent cooling operation is performed.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is closed and the discharge valve 16 is opened. Then, the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are closed, and the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened.
  • the water tank 31 may be heated with a separately provided heater instead of the refrigerant cycle.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system according to an embodiment.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system during cooling and hot water supply operations, according to the water temperature and cooling load, may use the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 or the outdoor heat exchanger 11 as an independent condenser or may use the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 disposed in series together as a condenser.
  • a heat exchanger to operate as a condenser may be selected by measuring the discharge temperature, condensation temperature, and water temperature through the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor, for example, and reflecting the operating frequency Hz of the compressor.
  • the compressor determines an evaporation temperature according to a required cooling load
  • the condensation temperature is relatively low when the cooling load is low
  • the condensation temperature may be further increased and a waste heat recovery rate is higher than when the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are used together as the condenser.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are used together as the condenser.
  • the target water temperature in the water tank 31 is also generally 50 to 60° C.
  • a series structure in which the water tank 31 is mainly heated by the discharge superheating degree is used.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are used together as a condenser.
  • the outdoor temperature is lower than the set temperature, because the discharge superheating degree is secured too low and it is difficult to secure the hot water supply capacity, at this time, only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is used as a condenser.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system selects heat exchangers 11 and 32 to be used as condensers by calculating the discharge superheating degree with the compressor discharge temperature and condensation temperature during the cooling and hot water supply operation and reflecting the information of the calculated discharge superheating degree, the water temperature inside of the water tank, and the operating frequency Hz of the compressor.
  • the cooling load is determined by comparing the operating frequency of the compressor with a reference value (S 11 ). For example, if the operating frequency of the compressor 13 is less than 30 Hz, it may be determined that the cooling load is low, and conversely, if the operating frequency of the compressor 13 is 30 Hz or more, it may be determined that the cooling load is high.
  • (S 11 ) if the operating frequency of the compressor 13 is less than 30 Hz, it is determined that the cooling load is low, and the temperature of the water in the water tank 31 is detected (S 12 ). In (S 12 ), if the water temperature in the water tank 31 is less than the reference temperature, the water temperature in the water tank 31 is low in a low cooling load situation, so the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is singly used as a condenser (S 15 ).
  • the flow of the refrigerant proceeds as illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is opened and the discharge valve 16 is closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened, the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 and the outdoor expansion valve 17 are closed, and only the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 operates as a condenser.
  • step (S 12 ) if the water temperature of the water tank 31 is the reference temperature or more, as the water temperature in the water tank 31 is high in the case of a low cooling load, only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 may be controlled to operate as a condenser (S 14 ). In other words, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , the outdoor heat exchanger 11 alone may operate as a condenser so that the hot water supply operation is stopped, and the independent cooling operation is performed.
  • the hot water supply valve 15 is closed and the discharge valve 16 is opened. Then, the first hot water supply expansion valve 33 and the second hot water supply expansion valve 37 are closed, and the outdoor expansion valve 17 and the indoor expansion valve 22 are opened.
  • the hot water supply and cooling operation mode when the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank 31 is the predetermined reference temperature or more, and when the cooling load is lower than the predetermined reference value, the water tank 31 is heated by a separately provided heater, not by a refrigerant cycle.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 when the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is used as a condenser in a situation in which the cooling load is low and the water temperature in the water tank 31 is the reference temperature or more, it may be difficult to form a normal cycle while reaching the condensation temperature increase limit.
  • the cooling load is low and the water temperature in the water tank 31 is the reference temperature or more, it is switched to the single cooling mode, and only the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is singly used as a condenser, and in the case of the water tank 31 , hot water is supplied using a separate heater attached to the inside.
  • (S 11 ) if the operating frequency of the compressor 13 is 30 Hz or more, it is determined that the cooling load is high, and the discharge temperature of the compressor and the condensation temperature information are used to calculate the discharge superheating degree (S 13 ). In (S 13 ), if the discharge superheating degree is less than the reference temperature, the process proceeds to (S 12 ).
  • both the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are used as condensers.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is operated singly through valve control as a condenser.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger ( 11 ) is used alone as a condenser, and the water in the water tank ( 31 ) is heated with a separate heater because the risk of high pressure limitation is high at the cooling load of 30 Hz or higher. Conversely, if the discharge superheating degree of 5° C. or higher can be secured when the compressor is 30 Hz or higher, the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 are continuously used as condensers.
  • values of the operating frequency of the compressor, which is the standard for determining the cooling load, the water temperature which is the standard, and the value of the discharge superheating degree which is the standard may be changed according to circumstances.
  • a heat exchanger that heats a water tank and a heat exchanger for an outdoor device are disposed in series, so that hot water supply performance may be secured as the refrigerant flow rate in the discharge superheating degree section increases. Further, in the case of a heat exchanger for an outdoor device, supercooling is secured, so that cycles may be implemented more stably and the condensation temperature can be lowered.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system in which a heat exchanger for heating a water tank and a heat exchanger for an outdoor device are disposed in series to increase a flow rate of refrigerant in a superheating degree section, thereby securing hot water supply performance.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein further provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system capable of more stably realizing a cycle and lowering a condensation temperature by securing supercooling of a heat exchanger for an outdoor device.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system capable of operating only a heat exchanger for a water tank as a condenser or operating only a heat exchanger for an outdoor device as a condenser.
  • embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system in which a water tank may firstly perform heat exchange by directly exchanging heat between refrigerant and water.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system that may prevent two-phase refrigerant from entering by adjusting an opening of a first hot water supply expansion valve and an outdoor expansion valve without installing a separate receiver, and thus, controlling the optimal degree of supercooling.
  • embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid multi-air conditioning system capable of simultaneous operation of hot water supply and cooling as well as operation of hot water supply and heating.
  • a multiple air conditioning system may include a hot water supply unit including a hot water supply heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water accommodated in the water tank and a first hot water supply expansion valve that is closed or opened to allow refrigerant condensed to flow from the hot water supply heat exchanger; at least one indoor device installed indoors and including an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor expansion valve; and an outdoor device connected to the indoor device and the hot water supply unit through a refrigerant pipe and including an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, and an outdoor expansion valve.
  • the multiple air conditioning system may further include a second hot water supply discharge pipe having one or a first side branched from the first hot water supply discharge pipe connecting the hot water supply heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger and the other or a second side joining the first discharge pipe connecting the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the multiple air conditioning system may include a second hot water supply expansion valve installed on the second hot water supply discharge pipe.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system may further include a first temperature sensor installed to detect the water temperature in the water tank.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system may further include a second temperature sensor installed at a rear end of the compressor.
  • the hybrid multi-air conditioning system may also include a first pressure sensor installed at the rear end of the compressor.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger may wind the outer wall of the water tank in a coil form and may exchange heat between the refrigerant and water while the refrigerant flows into the inside of the hot water supply heat exchanger.
  • the outdoor device may include a hot water supply valve for flowing the compressed refrigerant from the compressor to the hot water supply unit; and a discharge valve for flowing the compressed refrigerant from the compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the outdoor device may further include a four-way valve for transferring the refrigerant passing through the discharge valve to the outdoor heat exchanger or to the indoor heat exchanger.
  • a plurality of indoor heat exchangers may be provided, and each indoor heat exchanger may be connected in parallel.
  • a first hot water supply expansion valve may be installed at a rear end of a branch point of the second hot water supply discharge pipe in the first hot water supply discharge pipe.
  • either the hot water supply heat exchanger or the outdoor heat exchanger may operate as a condenser, or the hot water supply heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger may operate as a condenser.
  • one of the first hot water supply expansion valve and the second hot water supply expansion valve may be opened and the other may be blocked or closed.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve when the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank is the reference temperature or less and when the cooling load is lower than the reference value, the first hot water supply expansion valve may be opened, and the second hot water supply expansion valve may be blocked or closed.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger may operate as a condenser.
  • the second hot water supply expansion valve when the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank is the reference temperature or less, and when the cooling load is higher than the reference value, the second hot water supply expansion valve may be opened, and the first hot water supply expansion valve may be blocked or closed.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger may operate as condensers.
  • the second hot water supply expansion valve when the temperature of the water accommodated in the water tank is the reference temperature or more, and when the cooling load is higher than the reference value, the second hot water supply expansion valve may be opened, and the first hot water supply expansion valve may be blocked or closed.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger may operate as condensers.
  • the first hot water supply expansion valve may be opened or the second hot water supply expansion valve may be opened according to the discharge the superheating degree of the compressor.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger may operate. as a condenser.
  • the water tank may be heated by a separate heater.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings.
  • spatially relative terms such as “lower”, “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “lower” relative to other elements or features would then be oriented “upper” relative to the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “lower” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • Embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-section illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments (and intermediate structures). As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing.
  • any reference in this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “example embodiment,” etc. means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention.
  • the appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
US18/218,791 2022-07-22 2023-07-06 Hybrid multi-air conditioning system and method for controlling a hybrid multi-air conditioning system Pending US20240027077A1 (en)

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JP5224041B2 (ja) 2007-06-27 2013-07-03 ダイキン工業株式会社 ヒートポンプ式給湯装置
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EP3859238A4 (en) * 2018-09-26 2022-05-18 Hitachi-Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc. AIR CONDITIONING AND HOT WATER SUPPLY DEVICE
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